Characterization of a thulium-doped silica-based optical fibre for S-band amplification
Identifieur interne : 00AB90 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 00AB89; suivant : 00AB91Characterization of a thulium-doped silica-based optical fibre for S-band amplification
Auteurs : Wilfried Blanc [France] ; Pavel Peterka [République tchèque] ; Basile Faure [France] ; Bernard Dussardier [France] ; Gérard Monnom [France] ; Ivan Kasik [République tchèque] ; Jiri Kanka [République tchèque] ; David Simpson [Australie] ; Greg Baxter [Australie]Source :
- Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering [ 0277-786X ] ; 2006.
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Abstract
Thulium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (TDFA) are considered for long-haul transmission systems as they allow amplification in the S-band (1.46-1.53 μm) thanks to the Tm3+ emission at 1.47 μm from the 3H4-3F4 transition. Presently TDFA are fluoride based because of the low phonon energy of this glass. But as it presents some drawbacks (reliability, splice to silica,...), we propose to realize a silica-based TDFA. The fibre under investigation in this article has a high Al2O3 concentration in order to improve the efficiency of the 1.47 μm-thulium emission. The fiber has a low Tm concentration, around 40 ppm mol, a 16.5×10-3 refractive index and a core radius of 2.3 μm. Lifetime from the 3H4 and 3 F4 levels were measured to be 58 μs and 540 μs, respectively. Gain measurements were conducted using a single wavelength pumping scheme at 1060 nm and 1 W of pump power. Although the highest measured gain was 0.9 dB for a 4m long fiber, this experimental result was compared with numerical modeling. From these simulations, we estimate the characteristics of the fibre to increase the gain up to 20 dB.
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Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose</s1><s2>06108, Nice</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Nice</settlement><settlement type="city">Nice</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Nice Sophia Antipolis</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kasik, Ivan" sort="Kasik, Ivan" uniqKey="Kasik I" first="Ivan" last="Kasik">Ivan Kasik</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Chaberska 57</s1><s2>18251 Praha</s2><s3>CZE</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>République tchèque</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Prague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Bohême centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kanka, Jiri" sort="Kanka, Jiri" uniqKey="Kanka J" first="Jiri" last="Kanka">Jiri Kanka</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Chaberska 57</s1><s2>18251 Praha</s2><s3>CZE</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>République tchèque</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Prague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Bohême centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simpson, David" sort="Simpson, David" uniqKey="Simpson D" first="David" last="Simpson">David Simpson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Optical Technology Research Laboratory, Victoria University, PO Box 14428</s1><s2>Melbourne City MC, VIC 8001</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Melbourne City MC, VIC 8001</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baxter, Greg" sort="Baxter, Greg" uniqKey="Baxter G" first="Greg" last="Baxter">Greg Baxter</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Optical Technology Research Laboratory, Victoria University, PO Box 14428</s1><s2>Melbourne City MC, VIC 8001</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Melbourne City MC, VIC 8001</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">06-0473491</idno><date when="2006">2006</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 06-0473491 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:06-0473491</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">004116</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">001F79</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint">004168</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PascalFrancis" wicri:step="Checkpoint">004168</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0277-786X:2006:Blanc W:characterization:of:a</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">00AB90</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Characterization of a thulium-doped silica-based optical fibre for S-band amplification</title><author><name sortKey="Blanc, Wilfried" sort="Blanc, Wilfried" uniqKey="Blanc W" first="Wilfried" last="Blanc">Wilfried Blanc</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée,UMR6627 CNRS - Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose</s1><s2>06108, Nice</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Nice</settlement><settlement type="city">Nice</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Nice Sophia Antipolis</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peterka, Pavel" sort="Peterka, Pavel" uniqKey="Peterka P" first="Pavel" last="Peterka">Pavel Peterka</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Chaberska 57</s1><s2>18251 Praha</s2><s3>CZE</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>République tchèque</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Prague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Bohême centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faure, Basile" sort="Faure, Basile" uniqKey="Faure B" first="Basile" last="Faure">Basile Faure</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée,UMR6627 CNRS - Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose</s1><s2>06108, Nice</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Nice</settlement><settlement type="city">Nice</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Nice Sophia Antipolis</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dussardier, Bernard" sort="Dussardier, Bernard" uniqKey="Dussardier B" first="Bernard" last="Dussardier">Bernard Dussardier</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée,UMR6627 CNRS - Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose</s1><s2>06108, Nice</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Nice</settlement><settlement type="city">Nice</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Nice Sophia Antipolis</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Monnom, Gerard" sort="Monnom, Gerard" uniqKey="Monnom G" first="Gérard" last="Monnom">Gérard Monnom</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée,UMR6627 CNRS - Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis, Parc Valrose</s1><s2>06108, Nice</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ><sZ>3 aut.</sZ><sZ>4 aut.</sZ><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Nice</settlement><settlement type="city">Nice</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Nice Sophia Antipolis</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kasik, Ivan" sort="Kasik, Ivan" uniqKey="Kasik I" first="Ivan" last="Kasik">Ivan Kasik</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Chaberska 57</s1><s2>18251 Praha</s2><s3>CZE</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>République tchèque</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Prague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Bohême centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kanka, Jiri" sort="Kanka, Jiri" uniqKey="Kanka J" first="Jiri" last="Kanka">Jiri Kanka</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Chaberska 57</s1><s2>18251 Praha</s2><s3>CZE</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>République tchèque</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Prague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Bohême centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Simpson, David" sort="Simpson, David" uniqKey="Simpson D" first="David" last="Simpson">David Simpson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Optical Technology Research Laboratory, Victoria University, PO Box 14428</s1><s2>Melbourne City MC, VIC 8001</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Melbourne City MC, VIC 8001</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baxter, Greg" sort="Baxter, Greg" uniqKey="Baxter G" first="Greg" last="Baxter">Greg Baxter</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Optical Technology Research Laboratory, Victoria University, PO Box 14428</s1><s2>Melbourne City MC, VIC 8001</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Melbourne City MC, VIC 8001</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering</title><idno type="ISSN">0277-786X</idno><imprint><date when="2006">2006</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering</title><idno type="ISSN">0277-786X</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aluminium oxide</term><term>Doped materials</term><term>Experimental study</term><term>Glass</term><term>Lifetime</term><term>Optical fiber</term><term>Optical fiber communication</term><term>Optical telecommunication</term><term>Refraction index</term><term>Reliability</term><term>Silica</term><term>Thulium</term><term>Thulium addition</term><term>Thulium-doped fibers</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Communication fibre optique</term><term>Télécommunication optique</term><term>Etude expérimentale</term><term>Fiabilité</term><term>Indice réfraction</term><term>Durée vie</term><term>Fibre optique</term><term>Matériau dopé</term><term>Aluminium oxyde</term><term>Silice</term><term>Addition thulium</term><term>Verre</term><term>Thulium</term><term>Al2O3</term><term>Al O</term><term>4279S</term><term>4281</term><term>Fibre dopée thulium</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Verre</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Thulium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (TDFA) are considered for long-haul transmission systems as they allow amplification in the S-band (1.46-1.53 μm) thanks to the Tm<sup>3+</sup> emission at 1.47 μm from the <sup>3</sup>H<sub>4</sub>-<sup>3</sup>F<sub>4</sub> transition. Presently TDFA are fluoride based because of the low phonon energy of this glass. But as it presents some drawbacks (reliability, splice to silica,...), we propose to realize a silica-based TDFA. The fibre under investigation in this article has a high Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> concentration in order to improve the efficiency of the 1.47 μm-thulium emission. The fiber has a low Tm concentration, around 40 ppm mol, a 16.5×10<sup>-3</sup> refractive index and a core radius of 2.3 μm. Lifetime from the <sup>3</sup>H<sub>4</sub> and <sup>3</sup> F<sub>4</sub> levels were measured to be 58 μs and 540 μs, respectively. Gain measurements were conducted using a single wavelength pumping scheme at 1060 nm and 1 W of pump power. Although the highest measured gain was 0.9 dB for a 4m long fiber, this experimental result was compared with numerical modeling. From these simulations, we estimate the characteristics of the fibre to increase the gain up to 20 dB.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>France</li><li>République tchèque</li></country><region><li>Bohême centrale</li><li>Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</li></region><settlement><li>Nice</li><li>Prague</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Nice Sophia Antipolis</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="France"><region name="Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur"><name sortKey="Blanc, Wilfried" sort="Blanc, Wilfried" uniqKey="Blanc W" first="Wilfried" last="Blanc">Wilfried Blanc</name></region><name sortKey="Dussardier, Bernard" sort="Dussardier, Bernard" uniqKey="Dussardier B" first="Bernard" last="Dussardier">Bernard Dussardier</name><name sortKey="Faure, Basile" sort="Faure, Basile" uniqKey="Faure B" first="Basile" last="Faure">Basile Faure</name><name sortKey="Monnom, Gerard" sort="Monnom, Gerard" uniqKey="Monnom G" first="Gérard" last="Monnom">Gérard Monnom</name></country><country name="République tchèque"><region name="Bohême centrale"><name sortKey="Peterka, Pavel" sort="Peterka, Pavel" uniqKey="Peterka P" first="Pavel" last="Peterka">Pavel Peterka</name></region><name sortKey="Kanka, Jiri" sort="Kanka, Jiri" uniqKey="Kanka J" first="Jiri" last="Kanka">Jiri Kanka</name><name sortKey="Kasik, Ivan" sort="Kasik, Ivan" uniqKey="Kasik I" first="Ivan" last="Kasik">Ivan Kasik</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Simpson, David" sort="Simpson, David" uniqKey="Simpson D" first="David" last="Simpson">David Simpson</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Baxter, Greg" sort="Baxter, Greg" uniqKey="Baxter G" first="Greg" last="Baxter">Greg Baxter</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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