Menstrual and reproductive factors, and hormonal contraception use: associations with non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a pooled analysis of InterLymph case–control studies
Identifieur interne : 005539 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 005538; suivant : 005540Menstrual and reproductive factors, and hormonal contraception use: associations with non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a pooled analysis of InterLymph case–control studies
Auteurs : E. V. Kane [Royaume-Uni] ; E. Roman [Royaume-Uni] ; N. Becker [Allemagne] ; L. Bernstein [États-Unis] ; P. Boffetta [États-Unis, France] ; P. M. Bracci ; J. R. Cerhan ; B. C. H. Chiu [États-Unis] ; P. Cocco [Italie] ; L. Costas [Espagne] ; L. Foretova [République tchèque] ; E. A. Holly ; C. La Vecchia [Italie] ; K. Matsuo [Japon] ; M. Maynadie [France] ; S. Sanjose ; J. J. Spinelli [Canada] ; A. Staines [Irlande (pays)] ; R. Talamini [Italie] ; S. S. Wang [États-Unis] ; Y. Zhang [États-Unis] ; T. Zheng [États-Unis] ; A. Kricker [Australie]Source :
- Annals of Oncology [ 0923-7534 ] ; 2012.
Abstract
The two most common forms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) exhibit different sex ratios: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) occurs more frequently in men and follicular lymphoma (FL) more frequently in women. Looking among women alone, this pooled analysis explores the relationship between reproductive histories and these cancers.
Self-reported reproductive histories from 4263 women with NHL and 5971 women without NHL were pooled across 18 case–control studies (1983–2005) from North America, Europe and Japan. Study-specific odd ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression and pooled using random-effects meta-analyses.
Associations with reproductive factors were found for FL rather than NHL overall and DLBCL. In particular, the risk of FL decreased with increasing number of pregnancies (pooled ORtrend = 0.88, 95% CI 0.81–0.96). FL was associated with hormonal contraception (pooled OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.04–1.63), and risks were increased when use started after the age of 21, was used for <5 years or stopped for >20 years before diagnosis. DLBCL, on the other hand, was not associated with hormonal contraception (pooled OR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.65–1.16).
Hormonal contraception is associated with an increased risk of FL but not of DLBCL or NHL overall.
Url:
DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mds171
PubMed: 22786757
PubMed Central: 3425371
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PMC:3425371Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="Kane, E V" sort="Kane, E V" uniqKey="Kane E" first="E. V." last="Kane">E. V. Kane</name>
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,<institution>University of York</institution>
,<addr-line>York</addr-line>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Roman, E" sort="Roman, E" uniqKey="Roman E" first="E." last="Roman">E. Roman</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Becker, N" sort="Becker, N" uniqKey="Becker N" first="N." last="Becker">N. Becker</name>
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,<addr-line>Heidelberg</addr-line>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Bernstein, L" sort="Bernstein, L" uniqKey="Bernstein L" first="L." last="Bernstein">L. Bernstein</name>
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<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Boffetta, P" sort="Boffetta, P" uniqKey="Boffetta P" first="P." last="Boffetta">P. Boffetta</name>
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,<institution>Mount Sinai School of Medicine</institution>
,<addr-line>New York</addr-line>
,<country>USA</country>
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<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af5"><institution>International Prevention Research Institute</institution>
,<addr-line>Lyon</addr-line>
,<country>France</country>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Bracci, P M" sort="Bracci, P M" uniqKey="Bracci P" first="P. M." last="Bracci">P. M. Bracci</name>
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,<institution>University of California at San Francisco</institution>
,<addr-line>San Francisco</addr-line>
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<author><name sortKey="Cerhan, J R" sort="Cerhan, J R" uniqKey="Cerhan J" first="J. R." last="Cerhan">J. R. Cerhan</name>
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,<addr-line>Rochester</addr-line>
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<author><name sortKey="Chiu, B C H" sort="Chiu, B C H" uniqKey="Chiu B" first="B. C. H." last="Chiu">B. C. H. Chiu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af8"><addr-line>Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Health Studies</addr-line>
,<institution>University of Chicago</institution>
,<addr-line>Chicago</addr-line>
,<country>USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Cocco, P" sort="Cocco, P" uniqKey="Cocco P" first="P." last="Cocco">P. Cocco</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af9"><addr-line>Occupational Health Section, Department of Public Health</addr-line>
,<institution>University of Cagliari</institution>
,<country>Italy</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Costas, L" sort="Costas, L" uniqKey="Costas L" first="L." last="Costas">L. Costas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af10"><addr-line>Unit of Infections and Cancer (UNIC)</addr-line>
,<institution>Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Oncology</institution>
,<addr-line>Barcelona</addr-line>
,<country>Spain</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Foretova, L" sort="Foretova, L" uniqKey="Foretova L" first="L." last="Foretova">L. Foretova</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af11"><addr-line>Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics</addr-line>
,<institution>Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute</institution>
,<addr-line>Brno</addr-line>
,<country>Czech Republic</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Holly, E A" sort="Holly, E A" uniqKey="Holly E" first="E. A." last="Holly">E. A. Holly</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="mds171_af6"><addr-line>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics</addr-line>
,<institution>University of California at San Francisco</institution>
,<addr-line>San Francisco</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="La Vecchia, C" sort="La Vecchia, C" uniqKey="La Vecchia C" first="C." last="La Vecchia">C. La Vecchia</name>
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,<institution>Universitá degli Studi di Milano</institution>
,<addr-line>Milan</addr-line>
,<country>Italy</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Matsuo, K" sort="Matsuo, K" uniqKey="Matsuo K" first="K." last="Matsuo">K. Matsuo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af13"><addr-line>Aichi Cancer Center, Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Nagoya</addr-line>
,<country>Japan</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Maynadie, M" sort="Maynadie, M" uniqKey="Maynadie M" first="M." last="Maynadie">M. Maynadie</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af14"><addr-line>Registre des Hemopathies Malignes de Cote d'Or, EA 4184</addr-line>
,<institution>Faculte de Medecine de Dijon</institution>
,<addr-line>Dijon</addr-line>
,<country>France</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Sanjose, S" sort="Sanjose, S" uniqKey="Sanjose S" first="S." last="Sanjose">S. Sanjose</name>
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</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Spinelli, J J" sort="Spinelli, J J" uniqKey="Spinelli J" first="J. J." last="Spinelli">J. J. Spinelli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af16"><institution>Cancer Control Research Program</institution>
,<institution>BC Cancer Agency</institution>
,<addr-line>Vancouver, British Columbia</addr-line>
,<country>Canada</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Staines, A" sort="Staines, A" uniqKey="Staines A" first="A." last="Staines">A. Staines</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af17"><addr-line>School of Public Health</addr-line>
,<institution>Public Health University College</institution>
,<addr-line>Dublin</addr-line>
,<country>Ireland</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Talamini, R" sort="Talamini, R" uniqKey="Talamini R" first="R." last="Talamini">R. Talamini</name>
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,<addr-line>Aviano</addr-line>
,<country>Italy</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Wang, S S" sort="Wang, S S" uniqKey="Wang S" first="S. S." last="Wang">S. S. Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af3"><addr-line>Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences</addr-line>
,<institution>Beckham Research Institute of the City of Hope</institution>
,<addr-line>Duarte</addr-line>
,<country>USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhang, Y" sort="Zhang, Y" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Y." last="Zhang">Y. Zhang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af19"><institution>Yale University School of Public Health</institution>
,<addr-line>New Haven</addr-line>
,<country>USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zheng, T" sort="Zheng, T" uniqKey="Zheng T" first="T." last="Zheng">T. Zheng</name>
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,<addr-line>New Haven</addr-line>
,<country>USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kricker, A" sort="Kricker, A" uniqKey="Kricker A" first="A." last="Kricker">A. Kricker</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af20"><addr-line>Sydney School of Public Health</addr-line>
,<institution>The University of Sydney</institution>
,<addr-line>Sydney</addr-line>
,<country>Australia</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Menstrual and reproductive factors, and hormonal contraception use: associations with non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a pooled analysis of InterLymph case–control studies</title>
<author><name sortKey="Kane, E V" sort="Kane, E V" uniqKey="Kane E" first="E. V." last="Kane">E. V. Kane</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af1"><addr-line>Epidemiology and Genetics Unit, Department of Health Sciences</addr-line>
,<institution>University of York</institution>
,<addr-line>York</addr-line>
,<country>UK</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Roman, E" sort="Roman, E" uniqKey="Roman E" first="E." last="Roman">E. Roman</name>
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,<institution>University of York</institution>
,<addr-line>York</addr-line>
,<country>UK</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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<author><name sortKey="Becker, N" sort="Becker, N" uniqKey="Becker N" first="N." last="Becker">N. Becker</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af2"><addr-line>Division of Cancer Epidemiology</addr-line>
,<institution>German Cancer Research Centre</institution>
,<addr-line>Heidelberg</addr-line>
,<country>Germany</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Bernstein, L" sort="Bernstein, L" uniqKey="Bernstein L" first="L." last="Bernstein">L. Bernstein</name>
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,<institution>Beckham Research Institute of the City of Hope</institution>
,<addr-line>Duarte</addr-line>
,<country>USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Boffetta, P" sort="Boffetta, P" uniqKey="Boffetta P" first="P." last="Boffetta">P. Boffetta</name>
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,<institution>Mount Sinai School of Medicine</institution>
,<addr-line>New York</addr-line>
,<country>USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af5"><institution>International Prevention Research Institute</institution>
,<addr-line>Lyon</addr-line>
,<country>France</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bracci, P M" sort="Bracci, P M" uniqKey="Bracci P" first="P. M." last="Bracci">P. M. Bracci</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="mds171_af6"><addr-line>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics</addr-line>
,<institution>University of California at San Francisco</institution>
,<addr-line>San Francisco</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cerhan, J R" sort="Cerhan, J R" uniqKey="Cerhan J" first="J. R." last="Cerhan">J. R. Cerhan</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="mds171_af7"><addr-line>Department of Health Sciences Research</addr-line>
,<institution>Mayo Clinic College of Medicine</institution>
,<addr-line>Rochester</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Chiu, B C H" sort="Chiu, B C H" uniqKey="Chiu B" first="B. C. H." last="Chiu">B. C. H. Chiu</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af8"><addr-line>Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Health Studies</addr-line>
,<institution>University of Chicago</institution>
,<addr-line>Chicago</addr-line>
,<country>USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Cocco, P" sort="Cocco, P" uniqKey="Cocco P" first="P." last="Cocco">P. Cocco</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af9"><addr-line>Occupational Health Section, Department of Public Health</addr-line>
,<institution>University of Cagliari</institution>
,<country>Italy</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Costas, L" sort="Costas, L" uniqKey="Costas L" first="L." last="Costas">L. Costas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af10"><addr-line>Unit of Infections and Cancer (UNIC)</addr-line>
,<institution>Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, Catalan Institute of Oncology</institution>
,<addr-line>Barcelona</addr-line>
,<country>Spain</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Foretova, L" sort="Foretova, L" uniqKey="Foretova L" first="L." last="Foretova">L. Foretova</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af11"><addr-line>Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics</addr-line>
,<institution>Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute</institution>
,<addr-line>Brno</addr-line>
,<country>Czech Republic</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Holly, E A" sort="Holly, E A" uniqKey="Holly E" first="E. A." last="Holly">E. A. Holly</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="mds171_af6"><addr-line>Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics</addr-line>
,<institution>University of California at San Francisco</institution>
,<addr-line>San Francisco</addr-line>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="La Vecchia, C" sort="La Vecchia, C" uniqKey="La Vecchia C" first="C." last="La Vecchia">C. La Vecchia</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af12"><addr-line>Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche ‘Mario Negri’ and Department of Occupational Medicine</addr-line>
,<institution>Universitá degli Studi di Milano</institution>
,<addr-line>Milan</addr-line>
,<country>Italy</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Matsuo, K" sort="Matsuo, K" uniqKey="Matsuo K" first="K." last="Matsuo">K. Matsuo</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af13"><addr-line>Aichi Cancer Center, Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Nagoya</addr-line>
,<country>Japan</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Maynadie, M" sort="Maynadie, M" uniqKey="Maynadie M" first="M." last="Maynadie">M. Maynadie</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af14"><addr-line>Registre des Hemopathies Malignes de Cote d'Or, EA 4184</addr-line>
,<institution>Faculte de Medecine de Dijon</institution>
,<addr-line>Dijon</addr-line>
,<country>France</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sanjose, S" sort="Sanjose, S" uniqKey="Sanjose S" first="S." last="Sanjose">S. Sanjose</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="mds171_af15"><institution>Unit of Infections and Cancer (UNIC), Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, IDIBELL, CIBERESP, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain</institution>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Spinelli, J J" sort="Spinelli, J J" uniqKey="Spinelli J" first="J. J." last="Spinelli">J. J. Spinelli</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af16"><institution>Cancer Control Research Program</institution>
,<institution>BC Cancer Agency</institution>
,<addr-line>Vancouver, British Columbia</addr-line>
,<country>Canada</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Staines, A" sort="Staines, A" uniqKey="Staines A" first="A." last="Staines">A. Staines</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af17"><addr-line>School of Public Health</addr-line>
,<institution>Public Health University College</institution>
,<addr-line>Dublin</addr-line>
,<country>Ireland</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Irlande (pays)</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Talamini, R" sort="Talamini, R" uniqKey="Talamini R" first="R." last="Talamini">R. Talamini</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af18"><institution>Centro di Riferimento Oncologico</institution>
,<addr-line>Aviano</addr-line>
,<country>Italy</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wang, S S" sort="Wang, S S" uniqKey="Wang S" first="S. S." last="Wang">S. S. Wang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af3"><addr-line>Division of Cancer Etiology, Department of Population Sciences</addr-line>
,<institution>Beckham Research Institute of the City of Hope</institution>
,<addr-line>Duarte</addr-line>
,<country>USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zhang, Y" sort="Zhang, Y" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Y." last="Zhang">Y. Zhang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af19"><institution>Yale University School of Public Health</institution>
,<addr-line>New Haven</addr-line>
,<country>USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Zheng, T" sort="Zheng, T" uniqKey="Zheng T" first="T." last="Zheng">T. Zheng</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af19"><institution>Yale University School of Public Health</institution>
,<addr-line>New Haven</addr-line>
,<country>USA</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kricker, A" sort="Kricker, A" uniqKey="Kricker A" first="A." last="Kricker">A. Kricker</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="mds171_af20"><addr-line>Sydney School of Public Health</addr-line>
,<institution>The University of Sydney</institution>
,<addr-line>Sydney</addr-line>
,<country>Australia</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Annals of Oncology</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0923-7534</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1569-8041</idno>
<imprint><date when="2012">2012</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>The two most common forms of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) exhibit different sex ratios: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) occurs more frequently in men and follicular lymphoma (FL) more frequently in women. Looking among women alone, this pooled analysis explores the relationship between reproductive histories and these cancers.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Materials and methods</title>
<p>Self-reported reproductive histories from 4263 women with NHL and 5971 women without NHL were pooled across 18 case–control studies (1983–2005) from North America, Europe and Japan. Study-specific odd ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression and pooled using random-effects meta-analyses.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>Associations with reproductive factors were found for FL rather than NHL overall and DLBCL. In particular, the risk of FL decreased with increasing number of pregnancies (pooled OR<sub>trend</sub>
= 0.88, 95% CI 0.81–0.96). FL was associated with hormonal contraception (pooled OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.04–1.63), and risks were increased when use started after the age of 21, was used for <5 years or stopped for >20 years before diagnosis. DLBCL, on the other hand, was not associated with hormonal contraception (pooled OR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.65–1.16).</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusions</title>
<p>Hormonal contraception is associated with an increased risk of FL but not of DLBCL or NHL overall.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
</record>
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