Major atmospheric emissions from peat fires in Southeast Asia during non-drought years: evidence from the 2013 Sumatran fires
Identifieur interne : 003745 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 003744; suivant : 003746Major atmospheric emissions from peat fires in Southeast Asia during non-drought years: evidence from the 2013 Sumatran fires
Auteurs : David L. A. Gaveau [Indonésie] ; Mohammad A. Salim [Indonésie] ; Kristell Hergoualc'H [Indonésie] ; Bruno Locatelli [Indonésie, France] ; Sean Sloan [Australie] ; Martin Wooster ; Miriam E. Marlier [États-Unis] ; Elis Molidena [Indonésie] ; Husna Yaen [Indonésie] ; Ruth Defries [États-Unis] ; Louis Verchot [Indonésie, États-Unis] ; Daniel Murdiyarso [Indonésie] ; Robert Nasi [Indonésie] ; Peter Holmgren [Indonésie] ; Douglas Sheil [Indonésie, Norvège]Source :
- Scientific Reports [ 2045-2322 ] ; 2014.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- Wicri :
- geographic : Indonésie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , analysis : Air Pollutants, Carbon.
- geographic : Indonesia.
- Environmental Monitoring, Fires, Rain.
Abstract
Trans-boundary haze events in Southeast Asia are associated with large forest and peatland fires in Indonesia. These episodes of extreme air pollution usually occur during drought years induced by climate anomalies from the Pacific (El Niño Southern Oscillation) and Indian Oceans (Indian Ocean Dipole). However, in June 2013 – a non-drought year – Singapore's 24-hr Pollutants Standards Index reached an all-time record 246 (rated “very unhealthy”). Here, we show using remote sensing, rainfall records and other data, that the Indonesian fires behind the 2013 haze followed a two-month dry spell in a wetter-than-average year. These fires were short-lived (one week) and limited to a localized area in Central Sumatra (1.6% of Indonesia): burning an estimated 163,336 ha, including 137,044 ha (84%) on peat. Most burning was confined to deforested lands (82%; 133,216 ha). The greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during this brief, localized event were considerable: 172 ± 59 Tg CO2-eq (or 31 ± 12 Tg C), representing 5–10% of Indonesia's mean annual GHG emissions for 2000–2005. Our observations show that extreme air pollution episodes in Southeast Asia are no longer restricted to drought years. We expect major haze events to be increasingly frequent because of ongoing deforestation of Indonesian peatlands.
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/srep06112
PubMed: 25135165
PubMed Central: 4137341
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 000127
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 000127
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 001479
- to stream PubMed, to step Corpus: 003561
- to stream PubMed, to step Curation: 003448
- to stream PubMed, to step Checkpoint: 003448
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 001D24
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 001D24
- to stream Ncbi, to step Checkpoint: 001D24
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 003771
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 003745
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Major atmospheric emissions from peat fires in Southeast Asia during non-drought years: evidence from the 2013 Sumatran fires</title><author><name sortKey="Gaveau, David L A" sort="Gaveau, David L A" uniqKey="Gaveau D" first="David L. A." last="Gaveau">David L. A. Gaveau</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salim, Mohammad A" sort="Salim, Mohammad A" uniqKey="Salim M" first="Mohammad A." last="Salim">Mohammad A. Salim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hergoualc H, Kristell" sort="Hergoualc H, Kristell" uniqKey="Hergoualc H K" first="Kristell" last="Hergoualc'H">Kristell Hergoualc'H</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Locatelli, Bruno" sort="Locatelli, Bruno" uniqKey="Locatelli B" first="Bruno" last="Locatelli">Bruno Locatelli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>UPR BSEF, CIRAD, TA C-105/D, Campus international de Baillarguet</institution>, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sloan, Sean" sort="Sloan, Sean" uniqKey="Sloan S" first="Sean" last="Sloan">Sean Sloan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a3"><institution>Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, School of Marine & Tropical Biology, James Cook University</institution>, PO Box 6811, Cairns, QLD 4870, Australia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>, PO Box 6811, Cairns, QLD 4870</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QLD 4870</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wooster, Martin" sort="Wooster, Martin" uniqKey="Wooster M" first="Martin" last="Wooster">Martin Wooster</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a4"><institution>King's College London, Department of Geography</institution>, KCL, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS,<country>UK and NERC National Centre for Earth Observation</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UK and NERC National Centre for Earth Observation</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marlier, Miriam E" sort="Marlier, Miriam E" uniqKey="Marlier M" first="Miriam E." last="Marlier">Miriam E. Marlier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a5"><institution>Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University</institution>, New York, New York 10027,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Molidena, Elis" sort="Molidena, Elis" uniqKey="Molidena E" first="Elis" last="Molidena">Elis Molidena</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yaen, Husna" sort="Yaen, Husna" uniqKey="Yaen H" first="Husna" last="Yaen">Husna Yaen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Defries, Ruth" sort="Defries, Ruth" uniqKey="Defries R" first="Ruth" last="Defries">Ruth Defries</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a5"><institution>Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University</institution>, New York, New York 10027,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Verchot, Louis" sort="Verchot, Louis" uniqKey="Verchot L" first="Louis" last="Verchot">Louis Verchot</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a6"><institution>Center for Environmental Sustainability, Earth Institute, Columbia University. Schermerhorn Extension</institution>, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue New York, NY 10027-5557,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murdiyarso, Daniel" sort="Murdiyarso, Daniel" uniqKey="Murdiyarso D" first="Daniel" last="Murdiyarso">Daniel Murdiyarso</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a7"><institution>Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Bogor Agricultural University</institution>, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nasi, Robert" sort="Nasi, Robert" uniqKey="Nasi R" first="Robert" last="Nasi">Robert Nasi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Holmgren, Peter" sort="Holmgren, Peter" uniqKey="Holmgren P" first="Peter" last="Holmgren">Peter Holmgren</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sheil, Douglas" sort="Sheil, Douglas" uniqKey="Sheil D" first="Douglas" last="Sheil">Douglas Sheil</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a8"><institution>Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management (INA), Norwegian University of Life Science (NMBU)</institution>, Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>, Box 5003, 1432 Ås</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1432 Ås</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25135165</idno><idno type="pmc">4137341</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4137341</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4137341</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/srep06112</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000127</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000127</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000127</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000127</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">001479</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">001479</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">003561</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">003561</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">003448</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">003448</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">003448</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">003448</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">001D24</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">001D24</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">001D24</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">003771</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">003745</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">003745</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Major atmospheric emissions from peat fires in Southeast Asia during non-drought years: evidence from the 2013 Sumatran fires</title><author><name sortKey="Gaveau, David L A" sort="Gaveau, David L A" uniqKey="Gaveau D" first="David L. A." last="Gaveau">David L. A. Gaveau</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Salim, Mohammad A" sort="Salim, Mohammad A" uniqKey="Salim M" first="Mohammad A." last="Salim">Mohammad A. Salim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hergoualc H, Kristell" sort="Hergoualc H, Kristell" uniqKey="Hergoualc H K" first="Kristell" last="Hergoualc'H">Kristell Hergoualc'H</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Locatelli, Bruno" sort="Locatelli, Bruno" uniqKey="Locatelli B" first="Bruno" last="Locatelli">Bruno Locatelli</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>UPR BSEF, CIRAD, TA C-105/D, Campus international de Baillarguet</institution>, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sloan, Sean" sort="Sloan, Sean" uniqKey="Sloan S" first="Sean" last="Sloan">Sean Sloan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a3"><institution>Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science, School of Marine & Tropical Biology, James Cook University</institution>, PO Box 6811, Cairns, QLD 4870, Australia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>, PO Box 6811, Cairns, QLD 4870</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>QLD 4870</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wooster, Martin" sort="Wooster, Martin" uniqKey="Wooster M" first="Martin" last="Wooster">Martin Wooster</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="a4"><institution>King's College London, Department of Geography</institution>, KCL, Strand, London, WC2R 2LS,<country>UK and NERC National Centre for Earth Observation</country></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="nlm country">UK and NERC National Centre for Earth Observation</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marlier, Miriam E" sort="Marlier, Miriam E" uniqKey="Marlier M" first="Miriam E." last="Marlier">Miriam E. Marlier</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a5"><institution>Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University</institution>, New York, New York 10027,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Molidena, Elis" sort="Molidena, Elis" uniqKey="Molidena E" first="Elis" last="Molidena">Elis Molidena</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yaen, Husna" sort="Yaen, Husna" uniqKey="Yaen H" first="Husna" last="Yaen">Husna Yaen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Defries, Ruth" sort="Defries, Ruth" uniqKey="Defries R" first="Ruth" last="Defries">Ruth Defries</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a5"><institution>Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University</institution>, New York, New York 10027,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Verchot, Louis" sort="Verchot, Louis" uniqKey="Verchot L" first="Louis" last="Verchot">Louis Verchot</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a6"><institution>Center for Environmental Sustainability, Earth Institute, Columbia University. Schermerhorn Extension</institution>, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue New York, NY 10027-5557,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Murdiyarso, Daniel" sort="Murdiyarso, Daniel" uniqKey="Murdiyarso D" first="Daniel" last="Murdiyarso">Daniel Murdiyarso</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a7"><institution>Department of Geophysics and Meteorology, Bogor Agricultural University</institution>, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nasi, Robert" sort="Nasi, Robert" uniqKey="Nasi R" first="Robert" last="Nasi">Robert Nasi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Holmgren, Peter" sort="Holmgren, Peter" uniqKey="Holmgren P" first="Peter" last="Holmgren">Peter Holmgren</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sheil, Douglas" sort="Sheil, Douglas" uniqKey="Sheil D" first="Douglas" last="Sheil">Douglas Sheil</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>Center for International Forestry Research</institution>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000, Indonesia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Indonésie</country><wicri:regionArea>, P.O. Box 0113 BOCBD, Bogor 16000</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bogor 16000</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a8"><institution>Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management (INA), Norwegian University of Life Science (NMBU)</institution>, Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>, Box 5003, 1432 Ås</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1432 Ås</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Scientific Reports</title><idno type="eISSN">2045-2322</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Air Pollutants (analysis)</term><term>Carbon (analysis)</term><term>Environmental Monitoring</term><term>Fires</term><term>Indonesia</term><term>Rain</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Carbone (analyse)</term><term>Incendies</term><term>Indonésie</term><term>Pluie</term><term>Polluants atmosphériques (analyse)</term><term>Surveillance de l'environnement</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Air Pollutants</term><term>Carbon</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>Indonesia</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analyse" xml:lang="fr"><term>Carbone</term><term>Polluants atmosphériques</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Environmental Monitoring</term><term>Fires</term><term>Rain</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Incendies</term><term>Indonésie</term><term>Pluie</term><term>Surveillance de l'environnement</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Indonésie</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Trans-boundary haze events in Southeast Asia are associated with large forest and peatland fires in Indonesia. These episodes of extreme air pollution usually occur during drought years induced by climate anomalies from the Pacific (El Niño Southern Oscillation) and Indian Oceans (Indian Ocean Dipole). However, in June 2013 – a non-drought year – Singapore's 24-hr Pollutants Standards Index reached an all-time record 246 (rated “very unhealthy”). Here, we show using remote sensing, rainfall records and other data, that the Indonesian fires behind the 2013 haze followed a two-month dry spell in a wetter-than-average year. These fires were short-lived (one week) and limited to a localized area in Central Sumatra (1.6% of Indonesia): burning an estimated 163,336 ha, including 137,044 ha (84%) on peat. Most burning was confined to deforested lands (82%; 133,216 ha). The greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during this brief, localized event were considerable: 172 ± 59 Tg CO<sub>2</sub>-eq (or 31 ± 12 Tg C), representing 5–10% of Indonesia's mean annual GHG emissions for 2000–2005. Our observations show that extreme air pollution episodes in Southeast Asia are no longer restricted to drought years. We expect major haze events to be increasingly frequent because of ongoing deforestation of Indonesian peatlands.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Heil, A" uniqKey="Heil A">A. Heil</name></author><author><name sortKey="Langmann, B" uniqKey="Langmann B">B. Langmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aldrian, E" uniqKey="Aldrian E">E. Aldrian</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Page, S E" uniqKey="Page S">S. E. Page</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rein, G" uniqKey="Rein G">G. Rein</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Van Der Werf, G" uniqKey="Van Der Werf G">G. Van der Werf</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Murdiyarso, D" uniqKey="Murdiyarso D">D. Murdiyarso</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hendon, H H" uniqKey="Hendon H">H. H. Hendon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Field, R D" uniqKey="Field R">R. D. Field</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Werf, G R" uniqKey="Van Der Werf G">G. R. van der Werf</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shen, S S" uniqKey="Shen S">S. S. Shen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wooster, M" uniqKey="Wooster M">M. Wooster</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perry, G" uniqKey="Perry G">G. Perry</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zoumas, A" uniqKey="Zoumas A">A. Zoumas</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sarachik, E S" uniqKey="Sarachik E">E. S. Sarachik</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cane, M A" uniqKey="Cane M">M. A. Cane</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Saji, N" uniqKey="Saji N">N. Saji</name></author><author><name sortKey="Goswami, B N" uniqKey="Goswami B">B. N. Goswami</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vinayachandran, P" uniqKey="Vinayachandran P">P. Vinayachandran</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yamagata, T" uniqKey="Yamagata T">T. Yamagata</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Murdiyarso, D" uniqKey="Murdiyarso D">D. Murdiyarso</name></author><author><name sortKey="Adiningsih, E S" uniqKey="Adiningsih E">E. S. Adiningsih</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tacconi, L" uniqKey="Tacconi L">L. Tacconi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moore, P" uniqKey="Moore P">P. Moore</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kaimowitz, D" uniqKey="Kaimowitz D">D. Kaimowitz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Marlier, M E" uniqKey="Marlier M">M. E. Marlier</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wooster, M" uniqKey="Wooster M">M. Wooster</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roberts, G" uniqKey="Roberts G">G. Roberts</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perry, G" uniqKey="Perry G">G. Perry</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kaufman, Y" uniqKey="Kaufman Y">Y. Kaufman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Field, R D" uniqKey="Field R">R. D. Field</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shen, S S" uniqKey="Shen S">S. S. Shen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kaiser, J" uniqKey="Kaiser J">J. Kaiser</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kirschke, S" uniqKey="Kirschke S">S. Kirschke</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Aldrian, E" uniqKey="Aldrian E">E. Aldrian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dwi Susanto, R" uniqKey="Dwi Susanto R">R. Dwi Susanto</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Miettinen, J" uniqKey="Miettinen J">J. Miettinen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, C" uniqKey="Shi C">C. Shi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liew, S C" uniqKey="Liew S">S. C. Liew</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Miettinen, J" uniqKey="Miettinen J">J. Miettinen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hooijer, A" uniqKey="Hooijer A">A. Hooijer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, J" uniqKey="Wang J">J. Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shi, C" uniqKey="Shi C">C. Shi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liew, S C" uniqKey="Liew S">S. C. Liew</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sheil, D" uniqKey="Sheil D">D. Sheil</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Feddema, J J" uniqKey="Feddema J">J. J. Feddema</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Murdiyarso, D" uniqKey="Murdiyarso D">D. Murdiyarso</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hergoualc H, K" uniqKey="Hergoualc H K">K. Hergoualc'h</name></author><author><name sortKey="Verchot, L" uniqKey="Verchot L">L. Verchot</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sloan, S" uniqKey="Sloan S">S. Sloan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, D P" uniqKey="Edwards D">D. P. Edwards</name></author><author><name sortKey="Laurance, W F" uniqKey="Laurance W">W. F. Laurance</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dennis, R A" uniqKey="Dennis R">R. A. Dennis</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Giglio, L" uniqKey="Giglio L">L. Giglio</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Roy, D P" uniqKey="Roy D">D. P. Roy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boschetti, L" uniqKey="Boschetti L">L. Boschetti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Justice, C O" uniqKey="Justice C">C. O. Justice</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ju, J" uniqKey="Ju J">J. Ju</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chen, M" uniqKey="Chen M">M. Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xie, P" uniqKey="Xie P">P. Xie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Janowiak, J E" uniqKey="Janowiak J">J. E. Janowiak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Arkin, P A" uniqKey="Arkin P">P. A. Arkin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gaveau, D L A" uniqKey="Gaveau D">D. L. A. Gaveau</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hansen, M" uniqKey="Hansen M">M. Hansen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Forster, P" uniqKey="Forster P">P. Forster</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>France</li><li>Indonésie</li><li>Norvège</li><li>États-Unis</li></country></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Wooster, Martin" sort="Wooster, Martin" uniqKey="Wooster M" first="Martin" last="Wooster">Martin Wooster</name></noCountry><country name="Indonésie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Gaveau, David L A" sort="Gaveau, David L A" uniqKey="Gaveau D" first="David L. A." last="Gaveau">David L. A. Gaveau</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Hergoualc H, Kristell" sort="Hergoualc H, Kristell" uniqKey="Hergoualc H K" first="Kristell" last="Hergoualc'H">Kristell Hergoualc'H</name><name sortKey="Holmgren, Peter" sort="Holmgren, Peter" uniqKey="Holmgren P" first="Peter" last="Holmgren">Peter Holmgren</name><name sortKey="Locatelli, Bruno" sort="Locatelli, Bruno" uniqKey="Locatelli B" first="Bruno" last="Locatelli">Bruno Locatelli</name><name sortKey="Molidena, Elis" sort="Molidena, Elis" uniqKey="Molidena E" first="Elis" last="Molidena">Elis Molidena</name><name sortKey="Murdiyarso, Daniel" sort="Murdiyarso, Daniel" uniqKey="Murdiyarso D" first="Daniel" last="Murdiyarso">Daniel Murdiyarso</name><name sortKey="Murdiyarso, Daniel" sort="Murdiyarso, Daniel" uniqKey="Murdiyarso D" first="Daniel" last="Murdiyarso">Daniel Murdiyarso</name><name sortKey="Nasi, Robert" sort="Nasi, Robert" uniqKey="Nasi R" first="Robert" last="Nasi">Robert Nasi</name><name sortKey="Salim, Mohammad A" sort="Salim, Mohammad A" uniqKey="Salim M" first="Mohammad A." last="Salim">Mohammad A. Salim</name><name sortKey="Sheil, Douglas" sort="Sheil, Douglas" uniqKey="Sheil D" first="Douglas" last="Sheil">Douglas Sheil</name><name sortKey="Verchot, Louis" sort="Verchot, Louis" uniqKey="Verchot L" first="Louis" last="Verchot">Louis Verchot</name><name sortKey="Yaen, Husna" sort="Yaen, Husna" uniqKey="Yaen H" first="Husna" last="Yaen">Husna Yaen</name></country><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Locatelli, Bruno" sort="Locatelli, Bruno" uniqKey="Locatelli B" first="Bruno" last="Locatelli">Bruno Locatelli</name></noRegion></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sloan, Sean" sort="Sloan, Sean" uniqKey="Sloan S" first="Sean" last="Sloan">Sean Sloan</name></noRegion></country><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Marlier, Miriam E" sort="Marlier, Miriam E" uniqKey="Marlier M" first="Miriam E." last="Marlier">Miriam E. Marlier</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Defries, Ruth" sort="Defries, Ruth" uniqKey="Defries R" first="Ruth" last="Defries">Ruth Defries</name><name sortKey="Verchot, Louis" sort="Verchot, Louis" uniqKey="Verchot L" first="Louis" last="Verchot">Louis Verchot</name></country><country name="Norvège"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sheil, Douglas" sort="Sheil, Douglas" uniqKey="Sheil D" first="Douglas" last="Sheil">Douglas Sheil</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Asie/explor/AustralieFrV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 003745 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 003745 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Asie
|area= AustralieFrV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:4137341
|texte= Major atmospheric emissions from peat fires in Southeast Asia during non-drought years: evidence from the 2013 Sumatran fires
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:25135165" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a AustralieFrV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |