Alkenones and alkenes in surface waters and sediments of the Southern Ocean: Implications for paleotemperature estimation in polar regions
Identifieur interne : 002C42 ( Istex/Curation ); précédent : 002C41; suivant : 002C43Alkenones and alkenes in surface waters and sediments of the Southern Ocean: Implications for paleotemperature estimation in polar regions
Auteurs : Elisabeth L. Sikes [Australie] ; John K. Volkman [Australie] ; Lisette G. Robertson ; Jean-Jacques Pichon [France]Source :
- Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta [ 0016-7037 ] ; 1997.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Alkene, Alkene distributions, Alkenoates, Alkenone, Alkenone abundance, Alkenone distributions, Alkenone unsaturation ratio, Alkenones, Alkyl alkenoates, Anoxic sediments, Atlantic sediments, Aurora australis, Brassell, Cellular concentrations, Chatham rise, Cold locations, Cold waters, Compound classes, Confidence interval, Considerable scatter, Considerable variability, Conte, Different rates, Differential degradation, Eglinton, Elsevier science, Emiliania huxleyi, Estimation, Ethyl ketones, Field calibrations, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, Good correlation, Growth rate, Growth rates, Huxleyi, Ketone, Levitus, Linear regression, Lipid, Local field calibrations, Long chain, Long chain alkenes, Long chain alkenones, Lower temperatures, Marine sediments, Methyl, Methyl alkenone, Methyl alkenones, Oceanica, Organic geochemistry, Overlying, Overlying water, Overlying water temperatures, Overlying waters, Paleoenvironmental information, Paleotemperature, Paleotemperature estimation, Paleotemperature estimations, Polar regions, Prahl, Previous studies, Printing office, Relative abundance, Relative abundances, Relative amounts, Scatter, Sediment, Sediment data, Sediment record, Sediment relationship, Sediment samples, Sedimentary, Sediments show, Sikes, Sinninghe damst6, Solid line, Solid symbols, Southern ocean, Southern ocean sediments, Southern ocean waters, Sulfur compounds, Summer temperatures, Surface sediment samples, Surface temperatures, Surface water samples, Surface waters, Temperature change, Temperature range, Unsaturation, Unsaturation ratio, Vestfold hills, Volkman, Wakeham, Water column, Water column calibration, Water column data, Water column samples, Water samples, Water temperature, Western indian ocean, Winter estimates, Winter season, World ocean atlas.
- Teeft :
- Alkene, Alkene distributions, Alkenoates, Alkenone, Alkenone abundance, Alkenone distributions, Alkenone unsaturation ratio, Alkenones, Alkyl alkenoates, Anoxic sediments, Atlantic sediments, Aurora australis, Brassell, Cellular concentrations, Chatham rise, Cold locations, Cold waters, Compound classes, Confidence interval, Considerable scatter, Considerable variability, Conte, Different rates, Differential degradation, Eglinton, Elsevier science, Emiliania huxleyi, Estimation, Ethyl ketones, Field calibrations, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, Good correlation, Growth rate, Growth rates, Huxleyi, Ketone, Levitus, Linear regression, Lipid, Local field calibrations, Long chain, Long chain alkenes, Long chain alkenones, Lower temperatures, Marine sediments, Methyl, Methyl alkenone, Methyl alkenones, Oceanica, Organic geochemistry, Overlying, Overlying water, Overlying water temperatures, Overlying waters, Paleoenvironmental information, Paleotemperature, Paleotemperature estimation, Paleotemperature estimations, Polar regions, Prahl, Previous studies, Printing office, Relative abundance, Relative abundances, Relative amounts, Scatter, Sediment, Sediment data, Sediment record, Sediment relationship, Sediment samples, Sedimentary, Sediments show, Sikes, Sinninghe damst6, Solid line, Solid symbols, Southern ocean, Southern ocean sediments, Southern ocean waters, Sulfur compounds, Summer temperatures, Surface sediment samples, Surface temperatures, Surface water samples, Surface waters, Temperature change, Temperature range, Unsaturation, Unsaturation ratio, Vestfold hills, Volkman, Wakeham, Water column, Water column calibration, Water column data, Water column samples, Water samples, Water temperature, Western indian ocean, Winter estimates, Winter season, World ocean atlas.
Abstract
Abstract: The concentration of C37-C39 long-chain alkenones and alkenes were determined in surface water and surface sediment samples from the subpolar waters of the Southern Ocean. Distributions of these compounds were similar in both sample sets indicating little differential degradation between or within compound classes. The relative amounts of the tri- to tetra-unsaturated C37 alkenones increased with increasing temperature for temperatures below 6°C similar to the di- and tri-unsaturated C37 alkenones. The C37 di-, tri-, and tetra-unsaturated methyl alkenones are used in paleotemperature calculations via the U37K and the U37K ratios. In these datasets, the relative abundances of the C37:2 and the C37.3 alkenones as a proportion of the total C37 alkenones were opposite and strongly related to temperature (the latter with more scatter), but the abundance of the C37:4 alkenone showed no relationship with temperature. The original definition of U37K includes the abundance of 37:4 in both the numerator and denominator, and thus it is perhaps not surprising that there is considerable scatter in the values obtained for U37K at low temperatures. Of the two, we suggest that U37K′ is the better parameter for use in paleotemperature estimations, even in cold locations. U37K′ values in the sediments fall on virtually the same regression line obtained for the water column samples of Sikes and Volkman (1993), indicating that their calibration is suitable for use in Southern Ocean sediments. The comparison of water column data with sedimentary temperature estimates suggests that the alkenone distributions are dominated by contributions from the summer when the biomass of Emiliania huxleyi and presumably flux to the sediment, is expected to be high.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00017-3
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Sikes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Antarctic CRC, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>Antarctic CRC, GPO Box 252C, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>AGSO, GPO Box 378, Canberra ACT, 2601, Australia</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea>AGSO, GPO Box 378, Canberra ACT, 2601</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Volkman, John K" sort="Volkman, John K" uniqKey="Volkman J" first="John K." last="Volkman">John K. 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Robertson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pichon, Jean Jacques" sort="Pichon, Jean Jacques" uniqKey="Pichon J" first="Jean-Jacques" last="Pichon">Jean-Jacques Pichon</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Université de Bordeaux I, Département de Géologie et Oceanographie URA CNRS 197, Avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex, France</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Université de Bordeaux I, Département de Géologie et Oceanographie URA CNRS 197, Avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence Cedex</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">GCA</title><idno type="ISSN">0016-7037</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1997">1997</date><biblScope unit="volume">61</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">7</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1495">1495</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1505">1505</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0016-7037</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0016-7037</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Alkene</term><term>Alkene distributions</term><term>Alkenoates</term><term>Alkenone</term><term>Alkenone abundance</term><term>Alkenone distributions</term><term>Alkenone unsaturation ratio</term><term>Alkenones</term><term>Alkyl alkenoates</term><term>Anoxic sediments</term><term>Atlantic sediments</term><term>Aurora australis</term><term>Brassell</term><term>Cellular concentrations</term><term>Chatham rise</term><term>Cold locations</term><term>Cold waters</term><term>Compound classes</term><term>Confidence interval</term><term>Considerable scatter</term><term>Considerable variability</term><term>Conte</term><term>Different rates</term><term>Differential degradation</term><term>Eglinton</term><term>Elsevier science</term><term>Emiliania huxleyi</term><term>Estimation</term><term>Ethyl ketones</term><term>Field calibrations</term><term>Gephyrocapsa oceanica</term><term>Good correlation</term><term>Growth rate</term><term>Growth rates</term><term>Huxleyi</term><term>Ketone</term><term>Levitus</term><term>Linear regression</term><term>Lipid</term><term>Local field calibrations</term><term>Long chain</term><term>Long chain alkenes</term><term>Long chain alkenones</term><term>Lower temperatures</term><term>Marine sediments</term><term>Methyl</term><term>Methyl alkenone</term><term>Methyl alkenones</term><term>Oceanica</term><term>Organic geochemistry</term><term>Overlying</term><term>Overlying water</term><term>Overlying water temperatures</term><term>Overlying waters</term><term>Paleoenvironmental information</term><term>Paleotemperature</term><term>Paleotemperature estimation</term><term>Paleotemperature estimations</term><term>Polar regions</term><term>Prahl</term><term>Previous studies</term><term>Printing office</term><term>Relative abundance</term><term>Relative abundances</term><term>Relative amounts</term><term>Scatter</term><term>Sediment</term><term>Sediment data</term><term>Sediment record</term><term>Sediment relationship</term><term>Sediment samples</term><term>Sedimentary</term><term>Sediments show</term><term>Sikes</term><term>Sinninghe damst6</term><term>Solid line</term><term>Solid symbols</term><term>Southern ocean</term><term>Southern ocean sediments</term><term>Southern ocean waters</term><term>Sulfur compounds</term><term>Summer temperatures</term><term>Surface sediment samples</term><term>Surface temperatures</term><term>Surface water samples</term><term>Surface waters</term><term>Temperature change</term><term>Temperature range</term><term>Unsaturation</term><term>Unsaturation ratio</term><term>Vestfold hills</term><term>Volkman</term><term>Wakeham</term><term>Water column</term><term>Water column calibration</term><term>Water column data</term><term>Water column samples</term><term>Water samples</term><term>Water temperature</term><term>Western indian ocean</term><term>Winter estimates</term><term>Winter season</term><term>World ocean atlas</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Alkene</term><term>Alkene distributions</term><term>Alkenoates</term><term>Alkenone</term><term>Alkenone abundance</term><term>Alkenone distributions</term><term>Alkenone unsaturation ratio</term><term>Alkenones</term><term>Alkyl alkenoates</term><term>Anoxic sediments</term><term>Atlantic sediments</term><term>Aurora australis</term><term>Brassell</term><term>Cellular concentrations</term><term>Chatham rise</term><term>Cold locations</term><term>Cold waters</term><term>Compound classes</term><term>Confidence interval</term><term>Considerable scatter</term><term>Considerable variability</term><term>Conte</term><term>Different rates</term><term>Differential degradation</term><term>Eglinton</term><term>Elsevier science</term><term>Emiliania huxleyi</term><term>Estimation</term><term>Ethyl ketones</term><term>Field calibrations</term><term>Gephyrocapsa oceanica</term><term>Good correlation</term><term>Growth rate</term><term>Growth rates</term><term>Huxleyi</term><term>Ketone</term><term>Levitus</term><term>Linear regression</term><term>Lipid</term><term>Local field calibrations</term><term>Long chain</term><term>Long chain alkenes</term><term>Long chain alkenones</term><term>Lower temperatures</term><term>Marine sediments</term><term>Methyl</term><term>Methyl alkenone</term><term>Methyl alkenones</term><term>Oceanica</term><term>Organic geochemistry</term><term>Overlying</term><term>Overlying water</term><term>Overlying water temperatures</term><term>Overlying waters</term><term>Paleoenvironmental information</term><term>Paleotemperature</term><term>Paleotemperature estimation</term><term>Paleotemperature estimations</term><term>Polar regions</term><term>Prahl</term><term>Previous studies</term><term>Printing office</term><term>Relative abundance</term><term>Relative abundances</term><term>Relative amounts</term><term>Scatter</term><term>Sediment</term><term>Sediment data</term><term>Sediment record</term><term>Sediment relationship</term><term>Sediment samples</term><term>Sedimentary</term><term>Sediments show</term><term>Sikes</term><term>Sinninghe damst6</term><term>Solid line</term><term>Solid symbols</term><term>Southern ocean</term><term>Southern ocean sediments</term><term>Southern ocean waters</term><term>Sulfur compounds</term><term>Summer temperatures</term><term>Surface sediment samples</term><term>Surface temperatures</term><term>Surface water samples</term><term>Surface waters</term><term>Temperature change</term><term>Temperature range</term><term>Unsaturation</term><term>Unsaturation ratio</term><term>Vestfold hills</term><term>Volkman</term><term>Wakeham</term><term>Water column</term><term>Water column calibration</term><term>Water column data</term><term>Water column samples</term><term>Water samples</term><term>Water temperature</term><term>Western indian ocean</term><term>Winter estimates</term><term>Winter season</term><term>World ocean atlas</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: The concentration of C37-C39 long-chain alkenones and alkenes were determined in surface water and surface sediment samples from the subpolar waters of the Southern Ocean. Distributions of these compounds were similar in both sample sets indicating little differential degradation between or within compound classes. The relative amounts of the tri- to tetra-unsaturated C37 alkenones increased with increasing temperature for temperatures below 6°C similar to the di- and tri-unsaturated C37 alkenones. The C37 di-, tri-, and tetra-unsaturated methyl alkenones are used in paleotemperature calculations via the U37K and the U37K ratios. In these datasets, the relative abundances of the C37:2 and the C37.3 alkenones as a proportion of the total C37 alkenones were opposite and strongly related to temperature (the latter with more scatter), but the abundance of the C37:4 alkenone showed no relationship with temperature. The original definition of U37K includes the abundance of 37:4 in both the numerator and denominator, and thus it is perhaps not surprising that there is considerable scatter in the values obtained for U37K at low temperatures. Of the two, we suggest that U37K′ is the better parameter for use in paleotemperature estimations, even in cold locations. U37K′ values in the sediments fall on virtually the same regression line obtained for the water column samples of Sikes and Volkman (1993), indicating that their calibration is suitable for use in Southern Ocean sediments. The comparison of water column data with sedimentary temperature estimates suggests that the alkenone distributions are dominated by contributions from the summer when the biomass of Emiliania huxleyi and presumably flux to the sediment, is expected to be high.</div></front></TEI></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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