Molecular structure of coals: A debate
Identifieur interne : 000C87 ( Istex/Curation ); précédent : 000C86; suivant : 000C88Molecular structure of coals: A debate
Auteurs : Frank Derbyshire ; Anna Marzec [Pologne] ; Hans-Rolf Schulten [Allemagne] ; Michael A. Wilson [Royaume-Uni] ; Alan Davis [Australie] ; Piotr Tekely [États-Unis] ; Jean-Jacques Delpuech [États-Unis] ; Antoni Jurkiewicz [France] ; Charles E. Bronnimann [France] ; Robert A. Wind [France] ; Gary E. Maciel [France] ; Ramáni Narayan [États-Unis] ; Keith Bartle [États-Unis] ; Colin Snape [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Fuel [ 0016-2361 ] ; 1989.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- topic : Charbon, Combustible.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Academic press, Alan davis, Aliphatic, Aliphatic component, Aliphatic part, Aliphatic parts, Aliphatic protons, Alkaline conditions, Alkyl, Alkyl substituents, Analytical techniques, Anna marzec, Antoni jurkiewicz, Aromatic, Aromatic clusters, Aromatic network, Aromatic part, Aromatic ring, Aromatic rings, Asphaltene ratio, Atomic ratio, Bartle, Behaviour, Bituminous, Bituminous coal, Bituminous coals, Broad signals, Building blocks, Carbon atoms, Carbon content, Catalytic hydrogenation, Chem, Chemical nature, Chemical structures, Chloroform, Chloroform extraction, Cleavage, Coal, Coal conversion processes, Coal extracts, Coal fragments, Coal macromolecule, Coal material, Coal network, Coal reaction, Coal samples, Coal science, Coal structure, Colorado state university, Component, Cooh groups, Covalent bonds, Cramp, Cramps experiments, Cramps spectra, Cramps spectrum, Cramps studies, Decay time, Derbyshire, Different mobilities, Dmmf, Dmmf coal, Energy fuels, Energy transfer, Experimental conditions, Extract, Extractable, Extractable material, Extraction, Extraction residue, Extraction step, Final report part, First debate, Frank derbyshire, Free induction decay, Free molecules, French flambant, Fuel, Fuel barton, Fuel chem, Fuel marzec, Fuel proc, Gaussian, Gaussian components, Gerstein, High conversions, High proportion, High ratio, Hydrocarbon component, Hydrocarbon material, Hydrogen consumption, Hydrogen content, Hydrogen uptake, Hydrogenation, Immobile phases, Initial amplitude, Integral part, Ionization mass spectrometry, Jurkiewicz, Large variety, Larger relaxation rate, Lignin, Liquid yields, Lorentzian, Lorentzian behaviour, Lorentzian component, Lorentzian components, Lorentzian protons, Maciel, Macromolecular, Macromolecular components, Macromolecular framework, Macromolecular network, Macromolecular part, Magnetization, Magnetization differences, Major components, Marzec, Mass spectrometer, Methyl groups, Mobile component, Mobile components, Mobile material, Mobile phase, Mobile phase content, Mobile protons, Molar ratio, Molecular, Molecular component, Molecular components, Molecular dynamics, Molecular fractions, Molecular mass, Molecular motion, Molecular part, Molecular phase, Molecular structure, Molecular table, Molecular weights, Molecule, Motional freedom, Narayan, Network structure, Original coal, Other coals, Other hand, Overall increase, Parent coal, Parent coals, Peak intensities, Pennsylvania state university, Pislewski, Polymethylene, Polymethylene components, Polymethylene groups, Premium coal, Proton, Proton magnetization, Provence coal, Pyridine, Pyridine extracts, Pyrolysis, Ramani narayan, Reagent, Recent evidence, Relative amplitudes, Relaxation, Relaxation measurements, Relaxation times, Rigid component, Rigid components, Room temperature, Rotational mobility, Rough correlation, Salt form, Schulten, Second phase, September, Sequential extraction, Short residence time, Significant concentrations, Single bonds, Small molecules, Smaller relaxation rate, Snape, Soluble, Soluble fractions, Soluble material, Solvated electrons, Spatial location, Spectral resolution, Structural units, Subbituminous, Subbituminous coal, Substantial degrees, Successive reactions, Thermal processes, Threshold temperature, Time constants, Understanding coal structure, Unpublished results, Untreated coal, Untreated coals, Volatilized, Volatilized material, Wide range, Wyodak.
- Teeft :
- Academic press, Alan davis, Aliphatic, Aliphatic component, Aliphatic part, Aliphatic parts, Aliphatic protons, Alkaline conditions, Alkyl, Alkyl substituents, Analytical techniques, Anna marzec, Antoni jurkiewicz, Aromatic, Aromatic clusters, Aromatic network, Aromatic part, Aromatic ring, Aromatic rings, Asphaltene ratio, Atomic ratio, Bartle, Behaviour, Bituminous, Bituminous coal, Bituminous coals, Broad signals, Building blocks, Carbon atoms, Carbon content, Catalytic hydrogenation, Chem, Chemical nature, Chemical structures, Chloroform, Chloroform extraction, Cleavage, Coal, Coal conversion processes, Coal extracts, Coal fragments, Coal macromolecule, Coal material, Coal network, Coal reaction, Coal samples, Coal science, Coal structure, Colorado state university, Component, Cooh groups, Covalent bonds, Cramp, Cramps experiments, Cramps spectra, Cramps spectrum, Cramps studies, Decay time, Derbyshire, Different mobilities, Dmmf, Dmmf coal, Energy fuels, Energy transfer, Experimental conditions, Extract, Extractable, Extractable material, Extraction, Extraction residue, Extraction step, Final report part, First debate, Frank derbyshire, Free induction decay, Free molecules, French flambant, Fuel, Fuel barton, Fuel chem, Fuel marzec, Fuel proc, Gaussian, Gaussian components, Gerstein, High conversions, High proportion, High ratio, Hydrocarbon component, Hydrocarbon material, Hydrogen consumption, Hydrogen content, Hydrogen uptake, Hydrogenation, Immobile phases, Initial amplitude, Integral part, Ionization mass spectrometry, Jurkiewicz, Large variety, Larger relaxation rate, Lignin, Liquid yields, Lorentzian, Lorentzian behaviour, Lorentzian component, Lorentzian components, Lorentzian protons, Maciel, Macromolecular, Macromolecular components, Macromolecular framework, Macromolecular network, Macromolecular part, Magnetization, Magnetization differences, Major components, Marzec, Mass spectrometer, Methyl groups, Mobile component, Mobile components, Mobile material, Mobile phase, Mobile phase content, Mobile protons, Molar ratio, Molecular, Molecular component, Molecular components, Molecular dynamics, Molecular fractions, Molecular mass, Molecular motion, Molecular part, Molecular phase, Molecular structure, Molecular table, Molecular weights, Molecule, Motional freedom, Narayan, Network structure, Original coal, Other coals, Other hand, Overall increase, Parent coal, Parent coals, Peak intensities, Pennsylvania state university, Pislewski, Polymethylene, Polymethylene components, Polymethylene groups, Premium coal, Proton, Proton magnetization, Provence coal, Pyridine, Pyridine extracts, Pyrolysis, Ramani narayan, Reagent, Recent evidence, Relative amplitudes, Relaxation, Relaxation measurements, Relaxation times, Rigid component, Rigid components, Room temperature, Rotational mobility, Rough correlation, Salt form, Schulten, Second phase, September, Sequential extraction, Short residence time, Significant concentrations, Single bonds, Small molecules, Smaller relaxation rate, Snape, Soluble, Soluble fractions, Soluble material, Solvated electrons, Spatial location, Spectral resolution, Structural units, Subbituminous, Subbituminous coal, Substantial degrees, Successive reactions, Thermal processes, Threshold temperature, Time constants, Understanding coal structure, Unpublished results, Untreated coal, Untreated coals, Volatilized, Volatilized material, Wide range, Wyodak.
Abstract
Abstract: Recent evidence concerning the molecular phase present in coals is discussed. It is proposed that pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometry (py-f.i.m.s.) provides information on the chemical nature of such material, but caution is also suggested in these interpretations. N.m.r. experiments can give information concerning the spatial location of molecular species, and domains with different mobilities can be recognised. The importance of considering coal origins and petrology in discussions of coal structure is emphasized. An empirical perspective of the molecular phase is afforded by solvent-free catalytic hydrogenation. Coal depolymerization by solvated electrons yields products consistent with polymethylene as a major part of the macromolecular network. The relation of these observations to the molecular mass of extracted material is suggested as crucial.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0016-2361(89)90178-6
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Academic press</term>
<term>Alan davis</term>
<term>Aliphatic</term>
<term>Aliphatic component</term>
<term>Aliphatic part</term>
<term>Aliphatic parts</term>
<term>Aliphatic protons</term>
<term>Alkaline conditions</term>
<term>Alkyl</term>
<term>Alkyl substituents</term>
<term>Analytical techniques</term>
<term>Anna marzec</term>
<term>Antoni jurkiewicz</term>
<term>Aromatic</term>
<term>Aromatic clusters</term>
<term>Aromatic network</term>
<term>Aromatic part</term>
<term>Aromatic ring</term>
<term>Aromatic rings</term>
<term>Asphaltene ratio</term>
<term>Atomic ratio</term>
<term>Bartle</term>
<term>Behaviour</term>
<term>Bituminous</term>
<term>Bituminous coal</term>
<term>Bituminous coals</term>
<term>Broad signals</term>
<term>Building blocks</term>
<term>Carbon atoms</term>
<term>Carbon content</term>
<term>Catalytic hydrogenation</term>
<term>Chem</term>
<term>Chemical nature</term>
<term>Chemical structures</term>
<term>Chloroform</term>
<term>Chloroform extraction</term>
<term>Cleavage</term>
<term>Coal</term>
<term>Coal conversion processes</term>
<term>Coal extracts</term>
<term>Coal fragments</term>
<term>Coal macromolecule</term>
<term>Coal material</term>
<term>Coal network</term>
<term>Coal reaction</term>
<term>Coal samples</term>
<term>Coal science</term>
<term>Coal structure</term>
<term>Colorado state university</term>
<term>Component</term>
<term>Cooh groups</term>
<term>Covalent bonds</term>
<term>Cramp</term>
<term>Cramps experiments</term>
<term>Cramps spectra</term>
<term>Cramps spectrum</term>
<term>Cramps studies</term>
<term>Decay time</term>
<term>Derbyshire</term>
<term>Different mobilities</term>
<term>Dmmf</term>
<term>Dmmf coal</term>
<term>Energy fuels</term>
<term>Energy transfer</term>
<term>Experimental conditions</term>
<term>Extract</term>
<term>Extractable</term>
<term>Extractable material</term>
<term>Extraction</term>
<term>Extraction residue</term>
<term>Extraction step</term>
<term>Final report part</term>
<term>First debate</term>
<term>Frank derbyshire</term>
<term>Free induction decay</term>
<term>Free molecules</term>
<term>French flambant</term>
<term>Fuel</term>
<term>Fuel barton</term>
<term>Fuel chem</term>
<term>Fuel marzec</term>
<term>Fuel proc</term>
<term>Gaussian</term>
<term>Gaussian components</term>
<term>Gerstein</term>
<term>High conversions</term>
<term>High proportion</term>
<term>High ratio</term>
<term>Hydrocarbon component</term>
<term>Hydrocarbon material</term>
<term>Hydrogen consumption</term>
<term>Hydrogen content</term>
<term>Hydrogen uptake</term>
<term>Hydrogenation</term>
<term>Immobile phases</term>
<term>Initial amplitude</term>
<term>Integral part</term>
<term>Ionization mass spectrometry</term>
<term>Jurkiewicz</term>
<term>Large variety</term>
<term>Larger relaxation rate</term>
<term>Lignin</term>
<term>Liquid yields</term>
<term>Lorentzian</term>
<term>Lorentzian behaviour</term>
<term>Lorentzian component</term>
<term>Lorentzian components</term>
<term>Lorentzian protons</term>
<term>Maciel</term>
<term>Macromolecular</term>
<term>Macromolecular components</term>
<term>Macromolecular framework</term>
<term>Macromolecular network</term>
<term>Macromolecular part</term>
<term>Magnetization</term>
<term>Magnetization differences</term>
<term>Major components</term>
<term>Marzec</term>
<term>Mass spectrometer</term>
<term>Methyl groups</term>
<term>Mobile component</term>
<term>Mobile components</term>
<term>Mobile material</term>
<term>Mobile phase</term>
<term>Mobile phase content</term>
<term>Mobile protons</term>
<term>Molar ratio</term>
<term>Molecular</term>
<term>Molecular component</term>
<term>Molecular components</term>
<term>Molecular dynamics</term>
<term>Molecular fractions</term>
<term>Molecular mass</term>
<term>Molecular motion</term>
<term>Molecular part</term>
<term>Molecular phase</term>
<term>Molecular structure</term>
<term>Molecular table</term>
<term>Molecular weights</term>
<term>Molecule</term>
<term>Motional freedom</term>
<term>Narayan</term>
<term>Network structure</term>
<term>Original coal</term>
<term>Other coals</term>
<term>Other hand</term>
<term>Overall increase</term>
<term>Parent coal</term>
<term>Parent coals</term>
<term>Peak intensities</term>
<term>Pennsylvania state university</term>
<term>Pislewski</term>
<term>Polymethylene</term>
<term>Polymethylene components</term>
<term>Polymethylene groups</term>
<term>Premium coal</term>
<term>Proton</term>
<term>Proton magnetization</term>
<term>Provence coal</term>
<term>Pyridine</term>
<term>Pyridine extracts</term>
<term>Pyrolysis</term>
<term>Ramani narayan</term>
<term>Reagent</term>
<term>Recent evidence</term>
<term>Relative amplitudes</term>
<term>Relaxation</term>
<term>Relaxation measurements</term>
<term>Relaxation times</term>
<term>Rigid component</term>
<term>Rigid components</term>
<term>Room temperature</term>
<term>Rotational mobility</term>
<term>Rough correlation</term>
<term>Salt form</term>
<term>Schulten</term>
<term>Second phase</term>
<term>September</term>
<term>Sequential extraction</term>
<term>Short residence time</term>
<term>Significant concentrations</term>
<term>Single bonds</term>
<term>Small molecules</term>
<term>Smaller relaxation rate</term>
<term>Snape</term>
<term>Soluble</term>
<term>Soluble fractions</term>
<term>Soluble material</term>
<term>Solvated electrons</term>
<term>Spatial location</term>
<term>Spectral resolution</term>
<term>Structural units</term>
<term>Subbituminous</term>
<term>Subbituminous coal</term>
<term>Substantial degrees</term>
<term>Successive reactions</term>
<term>Thermal processes</term>
<term>Threshold temperature</term>
<term>Time constants</term>
<term>Understanding coal structure</term>
<term>Unpublished results</term>
<term>Untreated coal</term>
<term>Untreated coals</term>
<term>Volatilized</term>
<term>Volatilized material</term>
<term>Wide range</term>
<term>Wyodak</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Academic press</term>
<term>Alan davis</term>
<term>Aliphatic</term>
<term>Aliphatic component</term>
<term>Aliphatic part</term>
<term>Aliphatic parts</term>
<term>Aliphatic protons</term>
<term>Alkaline conditions</term>
<term>Alkyl</term>
<term>Alkyl substituents</term>
<term>Analytical techniques</term>
<term>Anna marzec</term>
<term>Antoni jurkiewicz</term>
<term>Aromatic</term>
<term>Aromatic clusters</term>
<term>Aromatic network</term>
<term>Aromatic part</term>
<term>Aromatic ring</term>
<term>Aromatic rings</term>
<term>Asphaltene ratio</term>
<term>Atomic ratio</term>
<term>Bartle</term>
<term>Behaviour</term>
<term>Bituminous</term>
<term>Bituminous coal</term>
<term>Bituminous coals</term>
<term>Broad signals</term>
<term>Building blocks</term>
<term>Carbon atoms</term>
<term>Carbon content</term>
<term>Catalytic hydrogenation</term>
<term>Chem</term>
<term>Chemical nature</term>
<term>Chemical structures</term>
<term>Chloroform</term>
<term>Chloroform extraction</term>
<term>Cleavage</term>
<term>Coal</term>
<term>Coal conversion processes</term>
<term>Coal extracts</term>
<term>Coal fragments</term>
<term>Coal macromolecule</term>
<term>Coal material</term>
<term>Coal network</term>
<term>Coal reaction</term>
<term>Coal samples</term>
<term>Coal science</term>
<term>Coal structure</term>
<term>Colorado state university</term>
<term>Component</term>
<term>Cooh groups</term>
<term>Covalent bonds</term>
<term>Cramp</term>
<term>Cramps experiments</term>
<term>Cramps spectra</term>
<term>Cramps spectrum</term>
<term>Cramps studies</term>
<term>Decay time</term>
<term>Derbyshire</term>
<term>Different mobilities</term>
<term>Dmmf</term>
<term>Dmmf coal</term>
<term>Energy fuels</term>
<term>Energy transfer</term>
<term>Experimental conditions</term>
<term>Extract</term>
<term>Extractable</term>
<term>Extractable material</term>
<term>Extraction</term>
<term>Extraction residue</term>
<term>Extraction step</term>
<term>Final report part</term>
<term>First debate</term>
<term>Frank derbyshire</term>
<term>Free induction decay</term>
<term>Free molecules</term>
<term>French flambant</term>
<term>Fuel</term>
<term>Fuel barton</term>
<term>Fuel chem</term>
<term>Fuel marzec</term>
<term>Fuel proc</term>
<term>Gaussian</term>
<term>Gaussian components</term>
<term>Gerstein</term>
<term>High conversions</term>
<term>High proportion</term>
<term>High ratio</term>
<term>Hydrocarbon component</term>
<term>Hydrocarbon material</term>
<term>Hydrogen consumption</term>
<term>Hydrogen content</term>
<term>Hydrogen uptake</term>
<term>Hydrogenation</term>
<term>Immobile phases</term>
<term>Initial amplitude</term>
<term>Integral part</term>
<term>Ionization mass spectrometry</term>
<term>Jurkiewicz</term>
<term>Large variety</term>
<term>Larger relaxation rate</term>
<term>Lignin</term>
<term>Liquid yields</term>
<term>Lorentzian</term>
<term>Lorentzian behaviour</term>
<term>Lorentzian component</term>
<term>Lorentzian components</term>
<term>Lorentzian protons</term>
<term>Maciel</term>
<term>Macromolecular</term>
<term>Macromolecular components</term>
<term>Macromolecular framework</term>
<term>Macromolecular network</term>
<term>Macromolecular part</term>
<term>Magnetization</term>
<term>Magnetization differences</term>
<term>Major components</term>
<term>Marzec</term>
<term>Mass spectrometer</term>
<term>Methyl groups</term>
<term>Mobile component</term>
<term>Mobile components</term>
<term>Mobile material</term>
<term>Mobile phase</term>
<term>Mobile phase content</term>
<term>Mobile protons</term>
<term>Molar ratio</term>
<term>Molecular</term>
<term>Molecular component</term>
<term>Molecular components</term>
<term>Molecular dynamics</term>
<term>Molecular fractions</term>
<term>Molecular mass</term>
<term>Molecular motion</term>
<term>Molecular part</term>
<term>Molecular phase</term>
<term>Molecular structure</term>
<term>Molecular table</term>
<term>Molecular weights</term>
<term>Molecule</term>
<term>Motional freedom</term>
<term>Narayan</term>
<term>Network structure</term>
<term>Original coal</term>
<term>Other coals</term>
<term>Other hand</term>
<term>Overall increase</term>
<term>Parent coal</term>
<term>Parent coals</term>
<term>Peak intensities</term>
<term>Pennsylvania state university</term>
<term>Pislewski</term>
<term>Polymethylene</term>
<term>Polymethylene components</term>
<term>Polymethylene groups</term>
<term>Premium coal</term>
<term>Proton</term>
<term>Proton magnetization</term>
<term>Provence coal</term>
<term>Pyridine</term>
<term>Pyridine extracts</term>
<term>Pyrolysis</term>
<term>Ramani narayan</term>
<term>Reagent</term>
<term>Recent evidence</term>
<term>Relative amplitudes</term>
<term>Relaxation</term>
<term>Relaxation measurements</term>
<term>Relaxation times</term>
<term>Rigid component</term>
<term>Rigid components</term>
<term>Room temperature</term>
<term>Rotational mobility</term>
<term>Rough correlation</term>
<term>Salt form</term>
<term>Schulten</term>
<term>Second phase</term>
<term>September</term>
<term>Sequential extraction</term>
<term>Short residence time</term>
<term>Significant concentrations</term>
<term>Single bonds</term>
<term>Small molecules</term>
<term>Smaller relaxation rate</term>
<term>Snape</term>
<term>Soluble</term>
<term>Soluble fractions</term>
<term>Soluble material</term>
<term>Solvated electrons</term>
<term>Spatial location</term>
<term>Spectral resolution</term>
<term>Structural units</term>
<term>Subbituminous</term>
<term>Subbituminous coal</term>
<term>Substantial degrees</term>
<term>Successive reactions</term>
<term>Thermal processes</term>
<term>Threshold temperature</term>
<term>Time constants</term>
<term>Understanding coal structure</term>
<term>Unpublished results</term>
<term>Untreated coal</term>
<term>Untreated coals</term>
<term>Volatilized</term>
<term>Volatilized material</term>
<term>Wide range</term>
<term>Wyodak</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Charbon</term>
<term>Combustible</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
<langUsage><language ident="en">en</language>
</langUsage>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: Recent evidence concerning the molecular phase present in coals is discussed. It is proposed that pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometry (py-f.i.m.s.) provides information on the chemical nature of such material, but caution is also suggested in these interpretations. N.m.r. experiments can give information concerning the spatial location of molecular species, and domains with different mobilities can be recognised. The importance of considering coal origins and petrology in discussions of coal structure is emphasized. An empirical perspective of the molecular phase is afforded by solvent-free catalytic hydrogenation. Coal depolymerization by solvated electrons yields products consistent with polymethylene as a major part of the macromolecular network. The relation of these observations to the molecular mass of extracted material is suggested as crucial.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
</record>
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