Interlaboratory study for coral Sr/Ca and other element/Ca ratio measurements
Identifieur interne : 002F93 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 002F92; suivant : 002F94Interlaboratory study for coral Sr/Ca and other element/Ca ratio measurements
Auteurs : Ed C. Hathorne ; Alex Gagnon ; Thomas Felis ; Jess Adkins ; Ryuji Asami ; Wim Boer ; Nicolas Caillon ; David Case ; Kim M. Cobb ; Eric Douville ; Peter Demenocal ; Anton Eisenhauer ; Dieter Garbe-Schönberg ; Walter Geibert ; Steven Goldstein ; Konrad Hughen ; Mayuri Inoue ; Hodaka Kawahata ; Martin Kölling ; Florence L. Cornec ; Braddock K. Linsley ; Helen V. Mcgregor ; Paolo Montagna ; Intan S. Nurhati ; Terrence M. Quinn ; Jacek Raddatz ; Hélène Rebaubier ; Laura Robinson ; Aleksey Sadekov ; Rob Sherrell ; Dan Sinclair ; Alexander W. Tudhope ; Gangjian Wei ; Henri Wong ; Henry C. Wu ; Chen-Feng YouSource :
- Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems [ 1525-2027 ] ; 2013-09.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Accreditation qual, Acta, Analytical model, Appropriate data point, Atmospheric sciences, Average slope, Average value, Average values, Bremen, Calibration standards, California institute, Carbonate, Columbia university, Consensus values, Coral, Coral figure, Coral measurements, Coral ratio data report, Coral ratios, Coral record, Coral reference materials, Coral samples, Coral skeleton, Coral skeletons, Coral table, Correge, Cosmochim, Coverage factor, Current study, Data sets, Deviation number, Different batches, Different bottles, Different dissolutions, Different laboratories, Different labs, Different materials, Different techniques, Dissolution, Dissolution acid, Earth sciences, Environmental research, Environmental sciences, Error bars, External precision, External reproducibility, Extreme case, Felis, Full assessment, General information, Geochem, Geochemical, Geochemical analysis, Geochemistry, Geochim, Geological survey, Geophys, Georem database, Georgia institute, Geostand, Geosyst, Giant clam, Giant clam reference material, Gray area, Hathorne, Homogeneity test results, Homogeneity tests, Homogenous reference material, Impurity, Inductively, Info value, Initial studies, Inoue, Intensity ratios, Interlaboratory, Interlaboratory bias, Interlaboratory bias component, Interlaboratory comparisons, Interlaboratory study, Internal reproducibility, International association, Iodp expedition, Isotope, Isotope dilution, Isotope geochemistry, Isotope ratios, Kane, Kawahata, Kiel, Lab, Laboratory error, Many elements, Many laboratories, Marine chemistry, Matrix, Matrix effects, Mcculloch, Measurement methods, Median, Ocean research kiel, Okai, Other elements, Other laboratories, Other ratio measurements, Planetary sciences, Plasma mass spectrometry, Porites, Porites corals, Precision contest, Provisional value, Quantifying uncertainty, Recent years, Reference material, Reference materials, Reference values, Reproducibility, Reproducibility ratio, Residual organics, Robust, Same manner, Same manufacturer, Schrag, Sinclair, Single dissolution, Skeleton, Spectrometry, Spike, Spike calibration, Standard deviation, Standard deviations, Standard solution, Standard solutions, Standard uncertainty, Statistical methods, Surface conditions, Surface temperature, Test portion dissolutions, Test portion size, Test portions, Trace elements, Uncertainty, Water temperature, Weight uncertainty, Woods hole, Youden plots.
- Teeft :
- Accreditation qual, Acta, Analytical model, Appropriate data point, Atmospheric sciences, Average slope, Average value, Average values, Bremen, Calibration standards, California institute, Carbonate, Columbia university, Consensus values, Coral, Coral figure, Coral measurements, Coral ratio data report, Coral ratios, Coral record, Coral reference materials, Coral samples, Coral skeleton, Coral skeletons, Coral table, Correge, Cosmochim, Coverage factor, Current study, Data sets, Deviation number, Different batches, Different bottles, Different dissolutions, Different laboratories, Different labs, Different materials, Different techniques, Dissolution, Dissolution acid, Earth sciences, Environmental research, Environmental sciences, Error bars, External precision, External reproducibility, Extreme case, Felis, Full assessment, General information, Geochem, Geochemical, Geochemical analysis, Geochemistry, Geochim, Geological survey, Geophys, Georem database, Georgia institute, Geostand, Geosyst, Giant clam, Giant clam reference material, Gray area, Hathorne, Homogeneity test results, Homogeneity tests, Homogenous reference material, Impurity, Inductively, Info value, Initial studies, Inoue, Intensity ratios, Interlaboratory, Interlaboratory bias, Interlaboratory bias component, Interlaboratory comparisons, Interlaboratory study, Internal reproducibility, International association, Iodp expedition, Isotope, Isotope dilution, Isotope geochemistry, Isotope ratios, Kane, Kawahata, Kiel, Lab, Laboratory error, Many elements, Many laboratories, Marine chemistry, Matrix, Matrix effects, Mcculloch, Measurement methods, Median, Ocean research kiel, Okai, Other elements, Other laboratories, Other ratio measurements, Planetary sciences, Plasma mass spectrometry, Porites, Porites corals, Precision contest, Provisional value, Quantifying uncertainty, Recent years, Reference material, Reference materials, Reference values, Reproducibility, Reproducibility ratio, Residual organics, Robust, Same manner, Same manufacturer, Schrag, Sinclair, Single dissolution, Skeleton, Spectrometry, Spike, Spike calibration, Standard deviation, Standard deviations, Standard solution, Standard solutions, Standard uncertainty, Statistical methods, Surface conditions, Surface temperature, Test portion dissolutions, Test portion size, Test portions, Trace elements, Uncertainty, Water temperature, Weight uncertainty, Woods hole, Youden plots.
Abstract
The Sr/Ca ratio of coral aragonite is used to reconstruct past sea surface temperature (SST). Twenty‐one laboratories took part in an interlaboratory study of coral Sr/Ca measurements. Results show interlaboratory bias can be significant, and in the extreme case could result in a range in SST estimates of 7°C. However, most of the data fall within a narrower range and the Porites coral reference material JCp‐1 is now characterized well enough to have a certified Sr/Ca value of 8.838 mmol/mol with an expanded uncertainty of 0.089 mmol/mol following International Association of Geoanalysts (IAG) guidelines. This uncertainty, at the 95% confidence level, equates to 1.5°C for SST estimates using Porites, so is approaching fitness for purpose. The comparable median within laboratory error is <0.5°C. This difference in uncertainties illustrates the interlaboratory bias component that should be reduced through the use of reference materials like the JCp‐1. There are many potential sources contributing to biases in comparative methods but traces of Sr in Ca standards and uncertainties in reference solution composition can account for half of the combined uncertainty. Consensus values that fulfil the requirements to be certified values were also obtained for Mg/Ca in JCp‐1 and for Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios in the JCt‐1 giant clam reference material. Reference values with variable fitness for purpose have also been obtained for Li/Ca, B/Ca, Ba/Ca, and U/Ca in both reference materials. In future, studies reporting coral element/Ca data should also report the average value obtained for a reference material such as the JCp‐1.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/ggge.20230
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:FE037BBA55109BCD46A11C8BB68D67A9DE1A6F23Le document en format XML
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Hathorne</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstrasse 1–3, DE‐24148, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Bremen, University of Bremen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: ehathorne@geomar.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gagnon, Alex" sort="Gagnon, Alex" uniqKey="Gagnon A" first="Alex" last="Gagnon">Alex Gagnon</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Felis, Thomas" sort="Felis, Thomas" uniqKey="Felis T" first="Thomas" last="Felis">Thomas Felis</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Bremen, University of Bremen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adkins, Jess" sort="Adkins, Jess" uniqKey="Adkins J" first="Jess" last="Adkins">Jess Adkins</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, California, Pasadena, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Asami, Ryuji" sort="Asami, Ryuji" uniqKey="Asami R" first="Ryuji" last="Asami">Ryuji Asami</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Trans‐disciplinary Research Organization Subtropical Island Studies, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boer, Wim" sort="Boer, Wim" uniqKey="Boer W" first="Wim" last="Boer">Wim Boer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Den Hoorn, Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Caillon, Nicolas" sort="Caillon, Nicolas" uniqKey="Caillon N" first="Nicolas" last="Caillon">Nicolas Caillon</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>LSCE/IPSL, UMR‐8212 CNRS‐CEA‐UVSQ, Domaine du CNRS, Gif‐sur‐Yvette, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Case, David" sort="Case, David" uniqKey="Case D" first="David" last="Case">David Case</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, California, Pasadena, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cobb, Kim M" sort="Cobb, Kim M" uniqKey="Cobb K" first="Kim M." last="Cobb">Kim M. Cobb</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia, Atlanta, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Douville, Eric" sort="Douville, Eric" uniqKey="Douville E" first="Eric" last="Douville">Eric Douville</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>LSCE/IPSL, UMR‐8212 CNRS‐CEA‐UVSQ, Domaine du CNRS, Gif‐sur‐Yvette, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demenocal, Peter" sort="Demenocal, Peter" uniqKey="Demenocal P" first="Peter" last="Demenocal">Peter Demenocal</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, Palisades, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eisenhauer, Anton" sort="Eisenhauer, Anton" uniqKey="Eisenhauer A" first="Anton" last="Eisenhauer">Anton Eisenhauer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garbe Chonberg, Dieter" sort="Garbe Chonberg, Dieter" uniqKey="Garbe Chonberg D" first="Dieter" last="Garbe-Schönberg">Dieter Garbe-Schönberg</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Geosciences, Christian‐Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Geibert, Walter" sort="Geibert, Walter" uniqKey="Geibert W" first="Walter" last="Geibert">Walter Geibert</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of GeoSciences University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goldstein, Steven" sort="Goldstein, Steven" uniqKey="Goldstein S" first="Steven" last="Goldstein">Steven Goldstein</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, Palisades, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hughen, Konrad" sort="Hughen, Konrad" uniqKey="Hughen K" first="Konrad" last="Hughen">Konrad Hughen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Inoue, Mayuri" sort="Inoue, Mayuri" uniqKey="Inoue M" first="Mayuri" last="Inoue">Mayuri Inoue</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kawahata, Hodaka" sort="Kawahata, Hodaka" uniqKey="Kawahata H" first="Hodaka" last="Kawahata">Hodaka Kawahata</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kolling, Martin" sort="Kolling, Martin" uniqKey="Kolling M" first="Martin" last="Kölling">Martin Kölling</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Bremen, University of Bremen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cornec, Florence L" sort="Cornec, Florence L" uniqKey="Cornec F" first="Florence L." last="Cornec">Florence L. Cornec</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>LOCEAN—PALEOPROXUS (UMR7159), IPSL/UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHN Centre IRD France Nord, France, Bondy</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Linsley, Braddock K" sort="Linsley, Braddock K" uniqKey="Linsley B" first="Braddock K." last="Linsley">Braddock K. Linsley</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University at Albany‐State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcgregor, Helen V" sort="Mcgregor, Helen V" uniqKey="Mcgregor H" first="Helen V." last="Mcgregor">Helen V. Mcgregor</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Wollongong, Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Montagna, Paolo" sort="Montagna, Paolo" uniqKey="Montagna P" first="Paolo" last="Montagna">Paolo Montagna</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, Palisades, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nurhati, Intan S" sort="Nurhati, Intan S" uniqKey="Nurhati I" first="Intan S." last="Nurhati">Intan S. Nurhati</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Singapore‐MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Oceanography and Marine Technology, Surya University, Indonesia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quinn, Terrence M" sort="Quinn, Terrence M" uniqKey="Quinn T" first="Terrence M." last="Quinn">Terrence M. Quinn</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, Austin, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Raddatz, Jacek" sort="Raddatz, Jacek" uniqKey="Raddatz J" first="Jacek" last="Raddatz">Jacek Raddatz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rebaubier, Helene" sort="Rebaubier, Helene" uniqKey="Rebaubier H" first="Hélène" last="Rebaubier">Hélène Rebaubier</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>LSCE/IPSL, UMR‐8212 CNRS‐CEA‐UVSQ, Domaine du CNRS, Gif‐sur‐Yvette, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Robinson, Laura" sort="Robinson, Laura" uniqKey="Robinson L" first="Laura" last="Robinson">Laura Robinson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sadekov, Aleksey" sort="Sadekov, Aleksey" uniqKey="Sadekov A" first="Aleksey" last="Sadekov">Aleksey Sadekov</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at Department of Earth Sciences, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sherrell, Rob" sort="Sherrell, Rob" uniqKey="Sherrell R" first="Rob" last="Sherrell">Rob Sherrell</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sinclair, Dan" sort="Sinclair, Dan" uniqKey="Sinclair D" first="Dan" last="Sinclair">Dan Sinclair</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tudhope, Alexander W" sort="Tudhope, Alexander W" uniqKey="Tudhope A" first="Alexander W." last="Tudhope">Alexander W. Tudhope</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wei, Gangjian" sort="Wei, Gangjian" uniqKey="Wei G" first="Gangjian" last="Wei">Gangjian Wei</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, Guangdong</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Henri" sort="Wong, Henri" uniqKey="Wong H" first="Henri" last="Wong">Henri Wong</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Institute for Environmental Research, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Henry C" sort="Wu, Henry C" uniqKey="Wu H" first="Henry C." last="Wu">Henry C. Wu</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University at Albany‐State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="You, Chen Eng" sort="You, Chen Eng" uniqKey="You C" first="Chen-Feng" last="You">Chen-Feng You</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Earth Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:FE037BBA55109BCD46A11C8BB68D67A9DE1A6F23</idno><date when="2013" year="2013">2013</date><idno type="doi">10.1002/ggge.20230</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/FE037BBA55109BCD46A11C8BB68D67A9DE1A6F23/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">002F93</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">002F93</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Interlaboratory study for coral Sr/Ca and other element/Ca ratio measurements</title><author><name sortKey="Hathorne, Ed C" sort="Hathorne, Ed C" uniqKey="Hathorne E" first="Ed C." last="Hathorne">Ed C. Hathorne</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstrasse 1–3, DE‐24148, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Bremen, University of Bremen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: ehathorne@geomar.de</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gagnon, Alex" sort="Gagnon, Alex" uniqKey="Gagnon A" first="Alex" last="Gagnon">Alex Gagnon</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Felis, Thomas" sort="Felis, Thomas" uniqKey="Felis T" first="Thomas" last="Felis">Thomas Felis</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Bremen, University of Bremen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adkins, Jess" sort="Adkins, Jess" uniqKey="Adkins J" first="Jess" last="Adkins">Jess Adkins</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, California, Pasadena, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Asami, Ryuji" sort="Asami, Ryuji" uniqKey="Asami R" first="Ryuji" last="Asami">Ryuji Asami</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Trans‐disciplinary Research Organization Subtropical Island Studies, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boer, Wim" sort="Boer, Wim" uniqKey="Boer W" first="Wim" last="Boer">Wim Boer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Den Hoorn, Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Caillon, Nicolas" sort="Caillon, Nicolas" uniqKey="Caillon N" first="Nicolas" last="Caillon">Nicolas Caillon</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>LSCE/IPSL, UMR‐8212 CNRS‐CEA‐UVSQ, Domaine du CNRS, Gif‐sur‐Yvette, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Case, David" sort="Case, David" uniqKey="Case D" first="David" last="Case">David Case</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, California, Pasadena, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cobb, Kim M" sort="Cobb, Kim M" uniqKey="Cobb K" first="Kim M." last="Cobb">Kim M. Cobb</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia, Atlanta, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Douville, Eric" sort="Douville, Eric" uniqKey="Douville E" first="Eric" last="Douville">Eric Douville</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>LSCE/IPSL, UMR‐8212 CNRS‐CEA‐UVSQ, Domaine du CNRS, Gif‐sur‐Yvette, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demenocal, Peter" sort="Demenocal, Peter" uniqKey="Demenocal P" first="Peter" last="Demenocal">Peter Demenocal</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, Palisades, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eisenhauer, Anton" sort="Eisenhauer, Anton" uniqKey="Eisenhauer A" first="Anton" last="Eisenhauer">Anton Eisenhauer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Garbe Chonberg, Dieter" sort="Garbe Chonberg, Dieter" uniqKey="Garbe Chonberg D" first="Dieter" last="Garbe-Schönberg">Dieter Garbe-Schönberg</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Geosciences, Christian‐Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Geibert, Walter" sort="Geibert, Walter" uniqKey="Geibert W" first="Walter" last="Geibert">Walter Geibert</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of GeoSciences University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goldstein, Steven" sort="Goldstein, Steven" uniqKey="Goldstein S" first="Steven" last="Goldstein">Steven Goldstein</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, Palisades, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hughen, Konrad" sort="Hughen, Konrad" uniqKey="Hughen K" first="Konrad" last="Hughen">Konrad Hughen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Inoue, Mayuri" sort="Inoue, Mayuri" uniqKey="Inoue M" first="Mayuri" last="Inoue">Mayuri Inoue</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kawahata, Hodaka" sort="Kawahata, Hodaka" uniqKey="Kawahata H" first="Hodaka" last="Kawahata">Hodaka Kawahata</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kolling, Martin" sort="Kolling, Martin" uniqKey="Kolling M" first="Martin" last="Kölling">Martin Kölling</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Bremen, University of Bremen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cornec, Florence L" sort="Cornec, Florence L" uniqKey="Cornec F" first="Florence L." last="Cornec">Florence L. Cornec</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>LOCEAN—PALEOPROXUS (UMR7159), IPSL/UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHN Centre IRD France Nord, France, Bondy</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Linsley, Braddock K" sort="Linsley, Braddock K" uniqKey="Linsley B" first="Braddock K." last="Linsley">Braddock K. Linsley</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University at Albany‐State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mcgregor, Helen V" sort="Mcgregor, Helen V" uniqKey="Mcgregor H" first="Helen V." last="Mcgregor">Helen V. Mcgregor</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Wollongong, Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Montagna, Paolo" sort="Montagna, Paolo" uniqKey="Montagna P" first="Paolo" last="Montagna">Paolo Montagna</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, Palisades, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nurhati, Intan S" sort="Nurhati, Intan S" uniqKey="Nurhati I" first="Intan S." last="Nurhati">Intan S. Nurhati</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Singapore‐MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Oceanography and Marine Technology, Surya University, Indonesia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Quinn, Terrence M" sort="Quinn, Terrence M" uniqKey="Quinn T" first="Terrence M." last="Quinn">Terrence M. Quinn</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, Austin, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Raddatz, Jacek" sort="Raddatz, Jacek" uniqKey="Raddatz J" first="Jacek" last="Raddatz">Jacek Raddatz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rebaubier, Helene" sort="Rebaubier, Helene" uniqKey="Rebaubier H" first="Hélène" last="Rebaubier">Hélène Rebaubier</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>LSCE/IPSL, UMR‐8212 CNRS‐CEA‐UVSQ, Domaine du CNRS, Gif‐sur‐Yvette, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Robinson, Laura" sort="Robinson, Laura" uniqKey="Robinson L" first="Laura" last="Robinson">Laura Robinson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sadekov, Aleksey" sort="Sadekov, Aleksey" uniqKey="Sadekov A" first="Aleksey" last="Sadekov">Aleksey Sadekov</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at Department of Earth Sciences, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sherrell, Rob" sort="Sherrell, Rob" uniqKey="Sherrell R" first="Rob" last="Sherrell">Rob Sherrell</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sinclair, Dan" sort="Sinclair, Dan" uniqKey="Sinclair D" first="Dan" last="Sinclair">Dan Sinclair</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tudhope, Alexander W" sort="Tudhope, Alexander W" uniqKey="Tudhope A" first="Alexander W." last="Tudhope">Alexander W. Tudhope</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wei, Gangjian" sort="Wei, Gangjian" uniqKey="Wei G" first="Gangjian" last="Wei">Gangjian Wei</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, Guangdong</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wong, Henri" sort="Wong, Henri" uniqKey="Wong H" first="Henri" last="Wong">Henri Wong</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Institute for Environmental Research, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Henry C" sort="Wu, Henry C" uniqKey="Wu H" first="Henry C." last="Wu">Henry C. Wu</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University at Albany‐State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="You, Chen Eng" sort="You, Chen Eng" uniqKey="You C" first="Chen-Feng" last="You">Chen-Feng You</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Earth Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems</title><title level="j" type="alt">GEOCHEMISTRY, GEOPHYSICS, GEOSYSTEMS</title><idno type="ISSN">1525-2027</idno><idno type="eISSN">1525-2027</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">14</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">9</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="3730">3730</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="3750">3750</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">21</biblScope><date type="published" when="2013-09">2013-09</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1525-2027</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1525-2027</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Accreditation qual</term><term>Acta</term><term>Analytical model</term><term>Appropriate data point</term><term>Atmospheric sciences</term><term>Average slope</term><term>Average value</term><term>Average values</term><term>Bremen</term><term>Calibration standards</term><term>California institute</term><term>Carbonate</term><term>Columbia university</term><term>Consensus values</term><term>Coral</term><term>Coral figure</term><term>Coral measurements</term><term>Coral ratio data report</term><term>Coral ratios</term><term>Coral record</term><term>Coral reference materials</term><term>Coral samples</term><term>Coral skeleton</term><term>Coral skeletons</term><term>Coral table</term><term>Correge</term><term>Cosmochim</term><term>Coverage factor</term><term>Current study</term><term>Data sets</term><term>Deviation number</term><term>Different batches</term><term>Different bottles</term><term>Different dissolutions</term><term>Different laboratories</term><term>Different labs</term><term>Different materials</term><term>Different techniques</term><term>Dissolution</term><term>Dissolution acid</term><term>Earth sciences</term><term>Environmental research</term><term>Environmental sciences</term><term>Error bars</term><term>External precision</term><term>External reproducibility</term><term>Extreme case</term><term>Felis</term><term>Full assessment</term><term>General information</term><term>Geochem</term><term>Geochemical</term><term>Geochemical analysis</term><term>Geochemistry</term><term>Geochim</term><term>Geological survey</term><term>Geophys</term><term>Georem database</term><term>Georgia institute</term><term>Geostand</term><term>Geosyst</term><term>Giant clam</term><term>Giant clam reference material</term><term>Gray area</term><term>Hathorne</term><term>Homogeneity test results</term><term>Homogeneity tests</term><term>Homogenous reference material</term><term>Impurity</term><term>Inductively</term><term>Info value</term><term>Initial studies</term><term>Inoue</term><term>Intensity ratios</term><term>Interlaboratory</term><term>Interlaboratory bias</term><term>Interlaboratory bias component</term><term>Interlaboratory comparisons</term><term>Interlaboratory study</term><term>Internal reproducibility</term><term>International association</term><term>Iodp expedition</term><term>Isotope</term><term>Isotope dilution</term><term>Isotope geochemistry</term><term>Isotope ratios</term><term>Kane</term><term>Kawahata</term><term>Kiel</term><term>Lab</term><term>Laboratory error</term><term>Many elements</term><term>Many laboratories</term><term>Marine chemistry</term><term>Matrix</term><term>Matrix effects</term><term>Mcculloch</term><term>Measurement methods</term><term>Median</term><term>Ocean research kiel</term><term>Okai</term><term>Other elements</term><term>Other laboratories</term><term>Other ratio measurements</term><term>Planetary sciences</term><term>Plasma mass spectrometry</term><term>Porites</term><term>Porites corals</term><term>Precision contest</term><term>Provisional value</term><term>Quantifying uncertainty</term><term>Recent years</term><term>Reference material</term><term>Reference materials</term><term>Reference values</term><term>Reproducibility</term><term>Reproducibility ratio</term><term>Residual organics</term><term>Robust</term><term>Same manner</term><term>Same manufacturer</term><term>Schrag</term><term>Sinclair</term><term>Single dissolution</term><term>Skeleton</term><term>Spectrometry</term><term>Spike</term><term>Spike calibration</term><term>Standard deviation</term><term>Standard deviations</term><term>Standard solution</term><term>Standard solutions</term><term>Standard uncertainty</term><term>Statistical methods</term><term>Surface conditions</term><term>Surface temperature</term><term>Test portion dissolutions</term><term>Test portion size</term><term>Test portions</term><term>Trace elements</term><term>Uncertainty</term><term>Water temperature</term><term>Weight uncertainty</term><term>Woods hole</term><term>Youden plots</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Accreditation qual</term><term>Acta</term><term>Analytical model</term><term>Appropriate data point</term><term>Atmospheric sciences</term><term>Average slope</term><term>Average value</term><term>Average values</term><term>Bremen</term><term>Calibration standards</term><term>California institute</term><term>Carbonate</term><term>Columbia university</term><term>Consensus values</term><term>Coral</term><term>Coral figure</term><term>Coral measurements</term><term>Coral ratio data report</term><term>Coral ratios</term><term>Coral record</term><term>Coral reference materials</term><term>Coral samples</term><term>Coral skeleton</term><term>Coral skeletons</term><term>Coral table</term><term>Correge</term><term>Cosmochim</term><term>Coverage factor</term><term>Current study</term><term>Data sets</term><term>Deviation number</term><term>Different batches</term><term>Different bottles</term><term>Different dissolutions</term><term>Different laboratories</term><term>Different labs</term><term>Different materials</term><term>Different techniques</term><term>Dissolution</term><term>Dissolution acid</term><term>Earth sciences</term><term>Environmental research</term><term>Environmental sciences</term><term>Error bars</term><term>External precision</term><term>External reproducibility</term><term>Extreme case</term><term>Felis</term><term>Full assessment</term><term>General information</term><term>Geochem</term><term>Geochemical</term><term>Geochemical analysis</term><term>Geochemistry</term><term>Geochim</term><term>Geological survey</term><term>Geophys</term><term>Georem database</term><term>Georgia institute</term><term>Geostand</term><term>Geosyst</term><term>Giant clam</term><term>Giant clam reference material</term><term>Gray area</term><term>Hathorne</term><term>Homogeneity test results</term><term>Homogeneity tests</term><term>Homogenous reference material</term><term>Impurity</term><term>Inductively</term><term>Info value</term><term>Initial studies</term><term>Inoue</term><term>Intensity ratios</term><term>Interlaboratory</term><term>Interlaboratory bias</term><term>Interlaboratory bias component</term><term>Interlaboratory comparisons</term><term>Interlaboratory study</term><term>Internal reproducibility</term><term>International association</term><term>Iodp expedition</term><term>Isotope</term><term>Isotope dilution</term><term>Isotope geochemistry</term><term>Isotope ratios</term><term>Kane</term><term>Kawahata</term><term>Kiel</term><term>Lab</term><term>Laboratory error</term><term>Many elements</term><term>Many laboratories</term><term>Marine chemistry</term><term>Matrix</term><term>Matrix effects</term><term>Mcculloch</term><term>Measurement methods</term><term>Median</term><term>Ocean research kiel</term><term>Okai</term><term>Other elements</term><term>Other laboratories</term><term>Other ratio measurements</term><term>Planetary sciences</term><term>Plasma mass spectrometry</term><term>Porites</term><term>Porites corals</term><term>Precision contest</term><term>Provisional value</term><term>Quantifying uncertainty</term><term>Recent years</term><term>Reference material</term><term>Reference materials</term><term>Reference values</term><term>Reproducibility</term><term>Reproducibility ratio</term><term>Residual organics</term><term>Robust</term><term>Same manner</term><term>Same manufacturer</term><term>Schrag</term><term>Sinclair</term><term>Single dissolution</term><term>Skeleton</term><term>Spectrometry</term><term>Spike</term><term>Spike calibration</term><term>Standard deviation</term><term>Standard deviations</term><term>Standard solution</term><term>Standard solutions</term><term>Standard uncertainty</term><term>Statistical methods</term><term>Surface conditions</term><term>Surface temperature</term><term>Test portion dissolutions</term><term>Test portion size</term><term>Test portions</term><term>Trace elements</term><term>Uncertainty</term><term>Water temperature</term><term>Weight uncertainty</term><term>Woods hole</term><term>Youden plots</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">The Sr/Ca ratio of coral aragonite is used to reconstruct past sea surface temperature (SST). Twenty‐one laboratories took part in an interlaboratory study of coral Sr/Ca measurements. Results show interlaboratory bias can be significant, and in the extreme case could result in a range in SST estimates of 7°C. However, most of the data fall within a narrower range and the Porites coral reference material JCp‐1 is now characterized well enough to have a certified Sr/Ca value of 8.838 mmol/mol with an expanded uncertainty of 0.089 mmol/mol following International Association of Geoanalysts (IAG) guidelines. This uncertainty, at the 95% confidence level, equates to 1.5°C for SST estimates using Porites, so is approaching fitness for purpose. The comparable median within laboratory error is <0.5°C. This difference in uncertainties illustrates the interlaboratory bias component that should be reduced through the use of reference materials like the JCp‐1. There are many potential sources contributing to biases in comparative methods but traces of Sr in Ca standards and uncertainties in reference solution composition can account for half of the combined uncertainty. Consensus values that fulfil the requirements to be certified values were also obtained for Mg/Ca in JCp‐1 and for Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios in the JCt‐1 giant clam reference material. Reference values with variable fitness for purpose have also been obtained for Li/Ca, B/Ca, Ba/Ca, and U/Ca in both reference materials. In future, studies reporting coral element/Ca data should also report the average value obtained for a reference material such as the JCp‐1.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>interlaboratory</json:string><json:string>robust</json:string><json:string>hathorne</json:string><json:string>interlaboratory study</json:string><json:string>reference material</json:string><json:string>isotope</json:string><json:string>reference materials</json:string><json:string>standard deviation</json:string><json:string>mcculloch</json:string><json:string>geophys</json:string><json:string>kane</json:string><json:string>sinclair</json:string><json:string>geosyst</json:string><json:string>felis</json:string><json:string>geochem</json:string><json:string>bremen</json:string><json:string>error bars</json:string><json:string>carbonate</json:string><json:string>coral</json:string><json:string>geochemical</json:string><json:string>acta</json:string><json:string>kiel</json:string><json:string>geochim</json:string><json:string>porites</json:string><json:string>cosmochim</json:string><json:string>standard deviations</json:string><json:string>inoue</json:string><json:string>correge</json:string><json:string>spectrometry</json:string><json:string>inductively</json:string><json:string>schrag</json:string><json:string>kawahata</json:string><json:string>average value</json:string><json:string>geostand</json:string><json:string>okai</json:string><json:string>matrix</json:string><json:string>coral skeletons</json:string><json:string>reproducibility</json:string><json:string>provisional value</json:string><json:string>average values</json:string><json:string>different dissolutions</json:string><json:string>test portion size</json:string><json:string>coral figure</json:string><json:string>homogeneity tests</json:string><json:string>gray area</json:string><json:string>isotope ratios</json:string><json:string>international association</json:string><json:string>external reproducibility</json:string><json:string>median</json:string><json:string>matrix effects</json:string><json:string>test portions</json:string><json:string>data sets</json:string><json:string>columbia university</json:string><json:string>different laboratories</json:string><json:string>appropriate data point</json:string><json:string>other elements</json:string><json:string>woods hole</json:string><json:string>dissolution</json:string><json:string>california institute</json:string><json:string>external precision</json:string><json:string>coral ratios</json:string><json:string>coral measurements</json:string><json:string>intensity ratios</json:string><json:string>environmental sciences</json:string><json:string>planetary sciences</json:string><json:string>reference values</json:string><json:string>reproducibility ratio</json:string><json:string>surface temperature</json:string><json:string>geological survey</json:string><json:string>ocean research kiel</json:string><json:string>isotope dilution</json:string><json:string>different labs</json:string><json:string>spike calibration</json:string><json:string>trace elements</json:string><json:string>standard solutions</json:string><json:string>standard solution</json:string><json:string>same manufacturer</json:string><json:string>dissolution acid</json:string><json:string>standard uncertainty</json:string><json:string>impurity</json:string><json:string>geochemistry</json:string><json:string>skeleton</json:string><json:string>lab</json:string><json:string>coral samples</json:string><json:string>georgia institute</json:string><json:string>homogeneity test results</json:string><json:string>earth sciences</json:string><json:string>extreme case</json:string><json:string>test portion dissolutions</json:string><json:string>general information</json:string><json:string>atmospheric sciences</json:string><json:string>plasma mass spectrometry</json:string><json:string>coral record</json:string><json:string>initial studies</json:string><json:string>recent years</json:string><json:string>current study</json:string><json:string>marine chemistry</json:string><json:string>different techniques</json:string><json:string>residual organics</json:string><json:string>homogenous reference material</json:string><json:string>single dissolution</json:string><json:string>coral skeleton</json:string><json:string>internal reproducibility</json:string><json:string>statistical methods</json:string><json:string>interlaboratory comparisons</json:string><json:string>many laboratories</json:string><json:string>laboratory error</json:string><json:string>geochemical analysis</json:string><json:string>interlaboratory bias component</json:string><json:string>isotope geochemistry</json:string><json:string>coral table</json:string><json:string>deviation number</json:string><json:string>surface conditions</json:string><json:string>info value</json:string><json:string>precision contest</json:string><json:string>other laboratories</json:string><json:string>full assessment</json:string><json:string>other ratio measurements</json:string><json:string>quantifying uncertainty</json:string><json:string>weight uncertainty</json:string><json:string>coverage factor</json:string><json:string>average slope</json:string><json:string>coral reference materials</json:string><json:string>interlaboratory bias</json:string><json:string>youden plots</json:string><json:string>measurement methods</json:string><json:string>analytical model</json:string><json:string>different materials</json:string><json:string>many elements</json:string><json:string>consensus values</json:string><json:string>different bottles</json:string><json:string>different batches</json:string><json:string>water temperature</json:string><json:string>calibration standards</json:string><json:string>porites corals</json:string><json:string>coral ratio data report</json:string><json:string>georem database</json:string><json:string>giant clam reference material</json:string><json:string>same manner</json:string><json:string>environmental research</json:string><json:string>iodp expedition</json:string><json:string>giant clam</json:string><json:string>accreditation qual</json:string><json:string>spike</json:string><json:string>uncertainty</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>Ed C. Hathorne</name><affiliations><json:string>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstrasse 1–3, DE‐24148, Kiel, Germany</json:string><json:string>MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Bremen, University of Bremen, Germany</json:string><json:string>E-mail: ehathorne@geomar.de</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Alex Gagnon</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA</json:string><json:string>Now at School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Thomas Felis</name><affiliations><json:string>MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Bremen, University of Bremen, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jess Adkins</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, California, Pasadena, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ryuji Asami</name><affiliations><json:string>Trans‐disciplinary Research Organization Subtropical Island Studies, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Wim Boer</name><affiliations><json:string>Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Den Hoorn, Netherlands</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Nicolas Caillon</name><affiliations><json:string>LSCE/IPSL, UMR‐8212 CNRS‐CEA‐UVSQ, Domaine du CNRS, Gif‐sur‐Yvette, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>David Case</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA</json:string><json:string>Now at Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, California, Pasadena, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Kim M. Cobb</name><affiliations><json:string>School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia, Atlanta, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Eric Douville</name><affiliations><json:string>LSCE/IPSL, UMR‐8212 CNRS‐CEA‐UVSQ, Domaine du CNRS, Gif‐sur‐Yvette, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Peter deMenocal</name><affiliations><json:string>Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, Palisades, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Anton Eisenhauer</name><affiliations><json:string>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Dieter Garbe‐Schönberg</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Geosciences, Christian‐Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Walter Geibert</name><affiliations><json:string>School of GeoSciences University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Steven Goldstein</name><affiliations><json:string>Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, Palisades, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Konrad Hughen</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Mayuri Inoue</name><affiliations><json:string>Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Hodaka Kawahata</name><affiliations><json:string>Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Martin Kölling</name><affiliations><json:string>MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Bremen, University of Bremen, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Florence L. Cornec</name><affiliations><json:string>LOCEAN—PALEOPROXUS (UMR7159), IPSL/UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHN Centre IRD France Nord, France, Bondy</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Braddock K. Linsley</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University at Albany‐State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA</json:string><json:string>Now at Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Helen V. McGregor</name><affiliations><json:string>School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Wollongong, Australia</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Paolo Montagna</name><affiliations><json:string>Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, Palisades, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Intan S. Nurhati</name><affiliations><json:string>School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA</json:string><json:string>Singapore‐MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore</json:string><json:string>Center for Oceanography and Marine Technology, Surya University, Indonesia</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Terrence M. Quinn</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, Austin, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jacek Raddatz</name><affiliations><json:string>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Hélène Rebaubier</name><affiliations><json:string>LSCE/IPSL, UMR‐8212 CNRS‐CEA‐UVSQ, Domaine du CNRS, Gif‐sur‐Yvette, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Laura Robinson</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Aleksey Sadekov</name><affiliations><json:string>School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</json:string><json:string>Now at Department of Earth Sciences, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Rob Sherrell</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Dan Sinclair</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Alexander W. Tudhope</name><affiliations><json:string>School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Gangjian Wei</name><affiliations><json:string>State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, Guangdong</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Henri Wong</name><affiliations><json:string>Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Institute for Environmental Research, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Henry C. Wu</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University at Albany‐State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA</json:string><json:string>Now at MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Chen‐Feng You</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Earth Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>coral Sr/Ca ratios</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>GGGE20230</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/WNG-V7KXQ6J1-Z</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>The Sr/Ca ratio of coral aragonite is used to reconstruct past sea surface temperature (SST). Twenty‐one laboratories took part in an interlaboratory study of coral Sr/Ca measurements. Results show interlaboratory bias can be significant, and in the extreme case could result in a range in SST estimates of 7°C. However, most of the data fall within a narrower range and the Porites coral reference material JCp‐1 is now characterized well enough to have a certified Sr/Ca value of 8.838 mmol/mol with an expanded uncertainty of 0.089 mmol/mol following International Association of Geoanalysts (IAG) guidelines. This uncertainty, at the 95% confidence level, equates to 1.5°C for SST estimates using Porites, so is approaching fitness for purpose. The comparable median within laboratory error is >0.5°C. This difference in uncertainties illustrates the interlaboratory bias component that should be reduced through the use of reference materials like the JCp‐1. There are many potential sources contributing to biases in comparative methods but traces of Sr in Ca standards and uncertainties in reference solution composition can account for half of the combined uncertainty. Consensus values that fulfil the requirements to be certified values were also obtained for Mg/Ca in JCp‐1 and for Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios in the JCt‐1 giant clam reference material. Reference values with variable fitness for purpose have also been obtained for Li/Ca, B/Ca, Ba/Ca, and U/Ca in both reference materials. In future, studies reporting coral element/Ca data should also report the average value obtained for a reference material such as the JCp‐1.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>10</score><pdfWordCount>9222</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>59559</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>21</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>609.789 x 807.137 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>250</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>1637</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>1</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Interlaboratory study for coral Sr/Ca and other element/Ca ratio measurements</title><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><title>Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><doi><json:string>10.1002/(ISSN)1525-2027</json:string></doi><issn><json:string>1525-2027</json:string></issn><eissn><json:string>1525-2027</json:string></eissn><publisherId><json:string>GGGE</json:string></publisherId><volume>14</volume><issue>9</issue><pages><first>3730</first><last>3750</last><total>21</total></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><subject><json:item><value>Geochemistry</value></json:item><json:item><value>Instruments and techniques</value></json:item><json:item><value>Major and trace element geochemistry</value></json:item><json:item><value>Paleoceanography</value></json:item><json:item><value>Sea surface temperature</value></json:item><json:item><value>Corals</value></json:item><json:item><value>Oceanography: General</value></json:item><json:item><value>Coral reef systems</value></json:item><json:item><value>Regular Article</value></json:item></subject></host><namedEntities><unitex><date><json:string>2013-08-21</json:string><json:string>3738</json:string><json:string>1002</json:string></date><geogName><json:string>Sr</json:string><json:string>Ryukyu Islands</json:string><json:string>Ishigaki Island</json:string><json:string>Sea Level</json:string></geogName><orgName><json:string>Research and Technology, Singapore Center for Oceanography and Marine Technology</json:string><json:string>Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Singapore</json:string><json:string>ISO</json:string><json:string>University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh</json:string><json:string>Laboratory Lab</json:string><json:string>France Peter</json:string><json:string>Geochem</json:string><json:string>Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA Eric Douville LSCE/IPSL, UMR</json:string><json:string>Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany Dieter Garbe-Schönberg Institute of Geosciences, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany</json:string><json:string>Columbia University</json:string><json:string>Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany Alex Gagnon Division of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA Now</json:string><json:string>Surya University</json:string><json:string>California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA Ryuji Asami Trans</json:string><json:string>ISO 13528</json:string><json:string>AINSE Research Fellowship</json:string><json:string>International Organization for Standardization</json:string><json:string>Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany Jess Adkins Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences</json:string><json:string>Ellison, S. L. R., and A. Williams (Eds). Eurachem/CITAC guide: Quantifying Uncertainty in Analytical Measurement, Third edition</json:string><json:string>ISO 5725‐5</json:string><json:string>Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia Paolo Montagna Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA Intan S</json:string><json:string>Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany Chen-Feng You Department of Earth Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan</json:string><json:string>Department of Earth Sciences, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK</json:string><json:string>University of Bremen</json:string><json:string>Research Organization Subtropical Island Studies, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan Wim Boer Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Den Hoorn, Netherlands Nicolas Caillon LSCE/IPSL, UMR</json:string><json:string>and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences</json:string><json:string>Wu Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences</json:string><json:string>Germany MARUM</json:string><json:string>Linsley Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences</json:string><json:string>DFG-Research Center/Excellence Cluster</json:string><json:string>the Expedition 310 Scientists</json:string><json:string>Quinn Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas</json:string><json:string>Rutgers University, New Brunswick</json:string><json:string>IRD France Nord, Bondy, France Braddock K</json:string><json:string>Albany-State University</json:string><json:string>Indonesia Terrence M</json:string><json:string>UK Steven Goldstein Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA Konrad Hughen Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry</json:string><json:string>UK Now</json:string><json:string>Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany Florence L</json:string><json:string>Dan Sinclair Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences</json:string><json:string>Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany Hlene Rebaubier</json:string><json:string>France David Case Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St</json:string><json:string>American Geophysical Union</json:string><json:string>Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan Martin Kölling MARUM</json:string><json:string>UK Gangjian Wei State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, China Henri Wong Institute for Environmental Research, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology</json:string><json:string>Participating Laboratories</json:string><json:string>Division of Geological</json:string><json:string>University of Washington</json:string><json:string>National Institute of Standards and Technology</json:string></orgName><orgName_funder></orgName_funder><orgName_provider></orgName_provider><persName><json:string>Be</json:string><json:string>Christina Gnade</json:string><json:string>Anton Eisenhauer</json:string><json:string>Results</json:string><json:string>Thomas Felis</json:string><json:string>University</json:string><json:string>Now</json:string></persName><placeName><json:string>Albany</json:string><json:string>Seattle</json:string><json:string>Austin</json:string><json:string>Japan</json:string><json:string>Wales</json:string><json:string>York</json:string><json:string>Gif-sur-Yvette</json:string></placeName><ref_url></ref_url><ref_bibl><json:string>Jochum and Nohl, 2008</json:string><json:string>Greaves et al., 2008</json:string><json:string>Raitzsch et al., 2011a, 2011b</json:string><json:string>[4]</json:string><json:string>Camoin et al., 2007</json:string><json:string>Shen et al., 2007</json:string><json:string>DeLong et al., 2010</json:string><json:string>[34]</json:string><json:string>Felis et al., 2009</json:string><json:string>Shen et al. 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American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</licence></availability><date type="published" when="2013-09"></date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content-type" subtype="article" source="article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</note><note type="publication-type" subtype="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="article"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Interlaboratory study for coral Sr/Ca and other element/Ca ratio measurements</title><title level="a" type="short">INTERLABORATORY STUDY FOR CORAL SR/CA</title><author xml:id="author-0000" role="corresp"><persName><forename type="first">Ed C.</forename><surname>Hathorne</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel</orgName><address><street>Wischhofstrasse 1–3</street><settlement type="city">Kiel</settlement><postCode>DE‐24148</postCode><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences</orgName><address><settlement type="city">University of Bremen</settlement><region>Bremen</region><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation><affiliation>(ehathorne@geomar.de)</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Alex</forename><surname>Gagnon</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Division of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Pasadena</settlement><region>California</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>Now at School of Oceanography</orgName><orgName>University of Washington</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement><region>Washington</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">Thomas</forename><surname>Felis</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences</orgName><address><settlement type="city">University of Bremen</settlement><region>Bremen</region><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">Jess</forename><surname>Adkins</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences</orgName><orgName>California Institute of Technology</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Pasadena</settlement><region>California</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">Ryuji</forename><surname>Asami</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Trans‐disciplinary Research Organization Subtropical Island Studies</orgName><orgName>University of the Ryukyus</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Okinawa</settlement><country key="JP">Japan</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005"><persName><forename type="first">Wim</forename><surname>Boer</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Den Hoorn</settlement><country key="NL">Netherlands</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0006"><persName><forename type="first">Nicolas</forename><surname>Caillon</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>LSCE/IPSL, UMR‐8212 CNRS‐CEA‐UVSQ</orgName><orgName>Domaine du CNRS</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Gif‐sur‐Yvette</settlement><country key="FR">France</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0007"><persName><forename type="first">David</forename><surname>Case</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Chemistry, Washington University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">St. Louis</settlement><region>Missouri</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>Now at Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Pasadena</settlement><region>California</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0008"><persName><forename type="first">Kim M.</forename><surname>Cobb</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences</orgName><orgName>Georgia Institute of Technology</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Atlanta</settlement><region>Georgia</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0009"><persName><forename type="first">Eric</forename><surname>Douville</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>LSCE/IPSL, UMR‐8212 CNRS‐CEA‐UVSQ</orgName><orgName>Domaine du CNRS</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Gif‐sur‐Yvette</settlement><country key="FR">France</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0010"><persName><forename type="first">Peter</forename><surname>deMenocal</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory</orgName><orgName>Columbia University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Palisades</settlement><region>New York</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0011"><persName><forename type="first">Anton</forename><surname>Eisenhauer</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Kiel</settlement><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0012"><persName><forename type="first">Dieter</forename><surname>Garbe‐Schönberg</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Institute of Geosciences, Christian‐Albrechts University Kiel</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Kiel</settlement><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0013"><persName><forename type="first">Walter</forename><surname>Geibert</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>School of GeoSciences University of Edinburgh</orgName><orgName>Edinburgh</orgName><address><settlement type="city">UK</settlement><country key="US"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0014"><persName><forename type="first">Steven</forename><surname>Goldstein</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory</orgName><orgName>Columbia University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Palisades</settlement><region>New York</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0015"><persName><forename type="first">Konrad</forename><surname>Hughen</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry</orgName><orgName>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Massachusetts</settlement><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0016"><persName><forename type="first">Mayuri</forename><surname>Inoue</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute</orgName><orgName>University of Tokyo</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Kashiwa</settlement><country key="JP">Japan</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0017"><persName><forename type="first">Hodaka</forename><surname>Kawahata</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute</orgName><orgName>University of Tokyo</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Kashiwa</settlement><country key="JP">Japan</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0018"><persName><forename type="first">Martin</forename><surname>Kölling</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences</orgName><address><settlement type="city">University of Bremen</settlement><region>Bremen</region><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0019"><persName><forename type="first">Florence L.</forename><surname>Cornec</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>LOCEAN—PALEOPROXUS (UMR7159), IPSL/UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHN Centre IRD France Nord</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Bondy</settlement><region>France</region><country key="FR"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0020"><persName><forename type="first">Braddock K.</forename><surname>Linsley</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University at Albany‐State University of New York</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Albany</settlement><region>New York</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>Now at Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Palisades, New York</settlement><country key="DE">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0021"><persName><forename type="first">Helen V.</forename><surname>McGregor</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>School of Earth and Environmental Sciences</orgName><orgName>University of Wollongong</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Wollongong</settlement><region>New South Wales</region><country key="AU">Australia</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0022"><persName><forename type="first">Paolo</forename><surname>Montagna</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory</orgName><orgName>Columbia University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Palisades</settlement><region>New York</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0023"><persName><forename type="first">Intan S.</forename><surname>Nurhati</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences</orgName><orgName>Georgia Institute of Technology</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Atlanta</settlement><region>Georgia</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>Singapore‐MIT Alliance for Research and Technology</orgName><address><country key="SG">Singapore</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>Center for Oceanography and Marine Technology, Surya University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Indonesia</settlement><country key="DE"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0024"><persName><forename type="first">Terrence M.</forename><surname>Quinn</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Geological Sciences</orgName><orgName>Jackson School of Geosciences</orgName><orgName>University of Texas at Austin</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Austin</settlement><region>Texas</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0025"><persName><forename type="first">Jacek</forename><surname>Raddatz</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Kiel</settlement><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0026"><persName><forename type="first">Hélène</forename><surname>Rebaubier</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>LSCE/IPSL, UMR‐8212 CNRS‐CEA‐UVSQ</orgName><orgName>Domaine du CNRS</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Gif‐sur‐Yvette</settlement><country key="FR">France</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0027"><persName><forename type="first">Laura</forename><surname>Robinson</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry</orgName><orgName>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Massachusetts</settlement><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0028"><persName><forename type="first">Aleksey</forename><surname>Sadekov</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Edinburgh</settlement><country key="GB">UK</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>Now at Department of Earth Sciences</orgName><orgName>Cambridge University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement><country key="GB">UK</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0029"><persName><forename type="first">Rob</forename><surname>Sherrell</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences</orgName><orgName>Rutgers University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">New Brunswick</settlement><region>New Jersey</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0030"><persName><forename type="first">Dan</forename><surname>Sinclair</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences</orgName><orgName>Rutgers University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">New Brunswick</settlement><region>New Jersey</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0031"><persName><forename type="first">Alexander W.</forename><surname>Tudhope</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Edinburgh</settlement><country key="GB">UK</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0032"><persName><forename type="first">Gangjian</forename><surname>Wei</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry</orgName><orgName>Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Guangdong</settlement><region>China</region><country key="CN"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0033"><persName><forename type="first">Henri</forename><surname>Wong</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation</orgName><orgName>Institute for Environmental Research</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Sydney</settlement><region>New South Wales</region><country key="AU">Australia</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0034"><persName><forename type="first">Henry C.</forename><surname>Wu</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University at Albany‐State University of New York</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Albany</settlement><region>New York</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>Now at MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Bremen, Germany</settlement><country key="DE"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0035"><persName><forename type="first">Chen‐Feng</forename><surname>You</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Earth Sciences</orgName><orgName>National Cheng Kung University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Tainan</settlement><country key="TW">Taiwan</country></address></affiliation></author><idno type="istex">FE037BBA55109BCD46A11C8BB68D67A9DE1A6F23</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-V7KXQ6J1-Z</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/ggge.20230</idno><idno type="unit">GGGE20230</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:GGGE.GGGE20230.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems</title><title level="j" type="alt">GEOCHEMISTRY, GEOPHYSICS, GEOSYSTEMS</title><idno type="pISSN">1525-2027</idno><idno type="eISSN">1525-2027</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1525-2027</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1002/ggge.v14.9</idno><idno type="product">GGGE</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">14</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">9</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="3730">3730</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="3750">3750</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">21</biblScope><date type="published" when="2013-09"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><abstract style="main"><p>The Sr/Ca ratio of coral aragonite is used to reconstruct past sea surface temperature (SST). Twenty‐one laboratories took part in an interlaboratory study of coral Sr/Ca measurements. Results show interlaboratory bias can be significant, and in the extreme case could result in a range in SST estimates of 7°C. However, most of the data fall within a narrower range and the <hi rend="italic">Porites</hi> coral reference material JCp‐1 is now characterized well enough to have a certified Sr/Ca value of 8.838 mmol/mol with an expanded uncertainty of 0.089 mmol/mol following International Association of Geoanalysts (IAG) guidelines. This uncertainty, at the 95% confidence level, equates to 1.5°C for SST estimates using <hi rend="italic">Porites</hi>, so is approaching fitness for purpose. The comparable median within laboratory error is <0.5°C. This difference in uncertainties illustrates the interlaboratory bias component that should be reduced through the use of reference materials like the JCp‐1. There are many potential sources contributing to biases in comparative methods but traces of Sr in Ca standards and uncertainties in reference solution composition can account for half of the combined uncertainty. Consensus values that fulfil the requirements to be certified values were also obtained for Mg/Ca in JCp‐1 and for Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios in the JCt‐1 giant clam reference material. Reference values with variable fitness for purpose have also been obtained for Li/Ca, B/Ca, Ba/Ca, and U/Ca in both reference materials. In future, studies reporting coral element/Ca data should also report the average value obtained for a reference material such as the JCp‐1.</p></abstract><abstract style="short"><head>Key Points</head><p><list style="bulleted"><item>Twenty‐one labs have characterised the coral JCp‐1</item><item>The 95% confidence level equates to 1.5{degree sign}C for SST estimates</item><item>Uncertainty can be reduced through the use of reference materials like JCp‐1</item></list></p></abstract><textClass><keywords><term xml:id="ggge20230-kwd-0001">coral Sr/Ca ratios</term></keywords><classCode scheme="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1000">Geochemistry</classCode><classCode scheme="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4900">Paleoceanography</classCode><classCode scheme="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4200">Oceanography: General</classCode><keywords rend="articleCategory"><term>Regular Article</term></keywords><keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>Regular Articles</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/FE037BBA55109BCD46A11C8BB68D67A9DE1A6F23/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en" xml:id="ggge20230"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1002/(ISSN)1525-2027</doi><issn type="print">1525-2027</issn><issn type="electronic">1525-2027</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="GGGE"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="GEOCHEMISTRY, GEOPHYSICS, GEOSYSTEMS">Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems</title><title type="short">Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="90"><doi>10.1002/ggge.v14.9</doi><copyright ownership="thirdParty">©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</copyright><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="14">14</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">9</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2013-09">September 2013</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" position="260" type="article" status="forIssue"><doi>10.1002/ggge.20230</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="GGGE20230"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="21"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="articleCategory">Regular Article</title><title type="tocHeading1">Regular Articles</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="thirdParty">©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</copyright><eventGroup><event type="manuscriptReceived" date="2013-03-27"></event><event type="manuscriptRevised" date="2013-07-03"></event><event type="manuscriptAccepted" date="2013-07-19"></event><event type="xmlCreated" agent="Cenveo Publisher Services" date="2013-08-21"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.3.0 mode:FullText" date="2014-03-31"></event><event type="publishedOnlineAccepted" date="2013-07-25"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2013-09-23"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2013-10-24"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2013-09-23"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.6.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-10-01"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">3730</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">3750</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>(<email>ehathorne@geomar.de</email>)</correspondenceTo><subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1000">Geochemistry</subject><subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1094">Instruments and techniques</subject><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1065">Major and trace element geochemistry</subject></subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4900">Paleoceanography</subject><subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4954">Sea surface temperature</subject><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4916">Corals</subject></subjectInfo><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4200">Oceanography: General</subject><subjectInfo><subject role="crossTerm" href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4220">Coral reef systems</subject></subjectInfo></subjectInfo><selfCitationGroup><citation xml:id="ggge20230-cit-0057" type="self"><author><familyName>Hathorne</familyName>, <givenNames>E. C.</givenNames></author>, et al. (<pubYear year="2013">2013</pubYear>), <articleTitle>Interlaboratory study for coral Sr/Ca and other element/Ca ratio measurements</articleTitle>, <journalTitle>Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.</journalTitle>, <vol>14</vol>, <pageFirst>3730</pageFirst>–<pageLast>3750</pageLast>, doi:<accessionId ref="info:doi/10.1002/ggge.20230">10.1002/ggge.20230</accessionId>.
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1–3</street><city>Kiel</city><postCode>DE‐24148</postCode><country>Germany</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="DE" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0002"><orgName>MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences</orgName><address><city>University of Bremen</city><countryPart>Bremen</countryPart><country>Germany</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0003"><orgName>Division of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology</orgName><address><city>Pasadena</city><countryPart>California</countryPart><country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0004"><orgDiv>Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences</orgDiv><orgName>California Institute of Technology</orgName><address><city>Pasadena</city><countryPart>California</countryPart><country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="JP" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0005"><orgDiv>Trans‐disciplinary Research Organization Subtropical Island Studies</orgDiv><orgName>University of the Ryukyus</orgName><address><city>Okinawa</city><country>Japan</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="NL" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0006"><orgName>Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research</orgName><address><city>Den Hoorn</city><country>Netherlands</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="FR" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0007"><orgDiv>LSCE/IPSL, UMR‐8212 CNRS‐CEA‐UVSQ</orgDiv><orgName>Domaine du CNRS</orgName><address><city>Gif‐sur‐Yvette</city><country>France</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0008"><orgName>Department of Chemistry, Washington University</orgName><address><city>St. Louis</city><countryPart>Missouri</countryPart><country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0009"><orgDiv>School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences</orgDiv><orgName>Georgia Institute of Technology</orgName><address><city>Atlanta</city><countryPart>Georgia</countryPart><country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0010"><orgDiv>Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory</orgDiv><orgName>Columbia University</orgName><address><city>Palisades</city><countryPart>New York</countryPart><country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="DE" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0011"><orgName>Institute of Geosciences, Christian‐Albrechts University Kiel</orgName><address><city>Kiel</city><country>Germany</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0012"><orgDiv>School of GeoSciences University of Edinburgh</orgDiv><orgName>Edinburgh</orgName><address><city>UK</city></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="JP" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0013"><orgDiv>Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute</orgDiv><orgName>University of Tokyo</orgName><address><city>Kashiwa</city><country>Japan</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="FR" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0014"><orgName>LOCEAN—PALEOPROXUS (UMR7159), IPSL/UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHN Centre IRD France Nord</orgName><address><city>Bondy</city><countryPart>France</countryPart></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0015"><orgName>Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University at Albany‐State University of New York</orgName><address><city>Albany</city><countryPart>New York</countryPart><country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="AU" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0016"><orgDiv>School of Earth and Environmental Sciences</orgDiv><orgName>University of Wollongong</orgName><address><city>Wollongong</city><countryPart>New South Wales</countryPart><country>Australia</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="SG" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0017"><orgName>Singapore‐MIT Alliance for Research and Technology</orgName><address><country>Singapore</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0018"><orgDiv>Department of Geological Sciences</orgDiv><orgDiv>Jackson School of Geosciences</orgDiv><orgName>University of Texas at Austin</orgName><address><city>Austin</city><countryPart>Texas</countryPart><country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="GB" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0019"><orgName>School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh</orgName><address><city>Edinburgh</city><country>UK</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0020"><orgDiv>Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences</orgDiv><orgName>Rutgers University</orgName><address><city>New Brunswick</city><countryPart>New Jersey</countryPart><country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="CN" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0021"><orgDiv>State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry</orgDiv><orgName>Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences</orgName><address><city>Guangdong</city><countryPart>China</countryPart></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="AU" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0022"><orgName>Institute for Environmental Research</orgName><orgDiv>Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation</orgDiv><address><city>Sydney</city><countryPart>New South Wales</countryPart><country>Australia</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="TW" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0023"><orgDiv>Department of Earth Sciences</orgDiv><orgName>National Cheng Kung University</orgName><address><city>Tainan</city><country>Taiwan</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0024"><orgDiv>Now at School of Oceanography</orgDiv><orgName>University of Washington</orgName><address><city>Seattle</city><countryPart>Washington</countryPart><country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0025"><orgName>Now at Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology</orgName><address><city>Pasadena</city><countryPart>California</countryPart><country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="GB" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0026"><orgDiv>Now at Department of Earth Sciences</orgDiv><orgName>Cambridge University</orgName><address><city>Cambridge</city><country>UK</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="DE" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0027"><orgName>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel</orgName><address><city>Kiel</city><country>Germany</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="DE" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0028"><orgName>Now at Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University</orgName><address><city>Palisades, New York</city><country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="DE" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0029"><orgName>Center for Oceanography and Marine Technology, Surya University</orgName><address><city>Indonesia</city></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="DE" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0030"><orgName>Now at MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen</orgName><address><city>Bremen, Germany</city></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20230-aff-0031"><orgDiv>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry</orgDiv><orgName>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole</orgName><address><city>Massachusetts</city><country>USA</country></address></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup type="author"><keyword xml:id="ggge20230-kwd-0001">coral Sr/Ca ratios</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main"><p label="1">The Sr/Ca ratio of coral aragonite is used to reconstruct past sea surface temperature (SST). Twenty‐one laboratories took part in an interlaboratory study of coral Sr/Ca measurements. Results show interlaboratory bias can be significant, and in the extreme case could result in a range in SST estimates of 7°C. However, most of the data fall within a narrower range and the <i>Porites</i> coral reference material JCp‐1 is now characterized well enough to have a certified Sr/Ca value of 8.838 mmol/mol with an expanded uncertainty of 0.089 mmol/mol following International Association of Geoanalysts (IAG) guidelines. This uncertainty, at the 95% confidence level, equates to 1.5°C for SST estimates using <i>Porites</i>, so is approaching fitness for purpose. The comparable median within laboratory error is <0.5°C. This difference in uncertainties illustrates the interlaboratory bias component that should be reduced through the use of reference materials like the JCp‐1. There are many potential sources contributing to biases in comparative methods but traces of Sr in Ca standards and uncertainties in reference solution composition can account for half of the combined uncertainty. Consensus values that fulfil the requirements to be certified values were also obtained for Mg/Ca in JCp‐1 and for Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios in the JCt‐1 giant clam reference material. Reference values with variable fitness for purpose have also been obtained for Li/Ca, B/Ca, Ba/Ca, and U/Ca in both reference materials. In future, studies reporting coral element/Ca data should also report the average value obtained for a reference material such as the JCp‐1.</p></abstract><abstract type="short"><title type="main">Key Points</title><p><list style="bulleted"><listItem>Twenty‐one labs have characterised the coral JCp‐1</listItem><listItem>The 95% confidence level equates to 1.5{degree sign}C for SST estimates</listItem><listItem>Uncertainty can be reduced through the use of reference materials like JCp‐1</listItem></list></p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Interlaboratory study for coral Sr/Ca and other element/Ca ratio measurements</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>INTERLABORATORY STUDY FOR CORAL SR/CA</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Interlaboratory study for coral Sr/Ca and other element/Ca ratio measurements</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ed C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Hathorne</namePart><affiliation>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstrasse 1–3, DE‐24148, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Bremen, University of Bremen, Germany</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: ehathorne@geomar.de</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Alex</namePart><namePart type="family">Gagnon</namePart><affiliation>Division of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Now at School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Thomas</namePart><namePart type="family">Felis</namePart><affiliation>MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Bremen, University of Bremen, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jess</namePart><namePart type="family">Adkins</namePart><affiliation>Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, California, Pasadena, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ryuji</namePart><namePart type="family">Asami</namePart><affiliation>Trans‐disciplinary Research Organization Subtropical Island Studies, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Wim</namePart><namePart type="family">Boer</namePart><affiliation>Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Den Hoorn, Netherlands</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Nicolas</namePart><namePart type="family">Caillon</namePart><affiliation>LSCE/IPSL, UMR‐8212 CNRS‐CEA‐UVSQ, Domaine du CNRS, Gif‐sur‐Yvette, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">David</namePart><namePart type="family">Case</namePart><affiliation>Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Now at Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, California, Pasadena, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Kim M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Cobb</namePart><affiliation>School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Georgia, Atlanta, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Eric</namePart><namePart type="family">Douville</namePart><affiliation>LSCE/IPSL, UMR‐8212 CNRS‐CEA‐UVSQ, Domaine du CNRS, Gif‐sur‐Yvette, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Peter</namePart><namePart type="family">deMenocal</namePart><affiliation>Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, Palisades, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Anton</namePart><namePart type="family">Eisenhauer</namePart><affiliation>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Dieter</namePart><namePart type="family">Garbe‐Schönberg</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Geosciences, Christian‐Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Walter</namePart><namePart type="family">Geibert</namePart><affiliation>School of GeoSciences University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Steven</namePart><namePart type="family">Goldstein</namePart><affiliation>Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, Palisades, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Konrad</namePart><namePart type="family">Hughen</namePart><affiliation>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Mayuri</namePart><namePart type="family">Inoue</namePart><affiliation>Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Hodaka</namePart><namePart type="family">Kawahata</namePart><affiliation>Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Martin</namePart><namePart type="family">Kölling</namePart><affiliation>MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Bremen, University of Bremen, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Florence L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Cornec</namePart><affiliation>LOCEAN—PALEOPROXUS (UMR7159), IPSL/UPMC/CNRS/IRD/MNHN Centre IRD France Nord, France, Bondy</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Braddock K.</namePart><namePart type="family">Linsley</namePart><affiliation>Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University at Albany‐State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Now at Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Helen V.</namePart><namePart type="family">McGregor</namePart><affiliation>School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Wollongong, New South Wales, Wollongong, Australia</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Paolo</namePart><namePart type="family">Montagna</namePart><affiliation>Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, Palisades, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Intan S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Nurhati</namePart><affiliation>School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Singapore‐MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore</affiliation><affiliation>Center for Oceanography and Marine Technology, Surya University, Indonesia</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Terrence M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Quinn</namePart><affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Texas, Austin, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jacek</namePart><namePart type="family">Raddatz</namePart><affiliation>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Hélène</namePart><namePart type="family">Rebaubier</namePart><affiliation>LSCE/IPSL, UMR‐8212 CNRS‐CEA‐UVSQ, Domaine du CNRS, Gif‐sur‐Yvette, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Laura</namePart><namePart type="family">Robinson</namePart><affiliation>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Aleksey</namePart><namePart type="family">Sadekov</namePart><affiliation>School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Now at Department of Earth Sciences, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Rob</namePart><namePart type="family">Sherrell</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Dan</namePart><namePart type="family">Sinclair</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, New Jersey, New Brunswick, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Alexander W.</namePart><namePart type="family">Tudhope</namePart><affiliation>School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Gangjian</namePart><namePart type="family">Wei</namePart><affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, Guangdong</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Henri</namePart><namePart type="family">Wong</namePart><affiliation>Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Institute for Environmental Research, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Henry C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Wu</namePart><affiliation>Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University at Albany‐State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Now at MARUM‐Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Chen‐Feng</namePart><namePart type="family">You</namePart><affiliation>Department of Earth Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2013-09</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2013-08-21</dateCreated><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2013-03-27</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2013-07-19</dateValid><edition>Hathorne, E. C., et al. (2013), Interlaboratory study for coral Sr/Ca and other element/Ca ratio measurements, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 14, 3730–3750, doi:10.1002/ggge.20230.</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2013</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><abstract>The Sr/Ca ratio of coral aragonite is used to reconstruct past sea surface temperature (SST). Twenty‐one laboratories took part in an interlaboratory study of coral Sr/Ca measurements. Results show interlaboratory bias can be significant, and in the extreme case could result in a range in SST estimates of 7°C. However, most of the data fall within a narrower range and the Porites coral reference material JCp‐1 is now characterized well enough to have a certified Sr/Ca value of 8.838 mmol/mol with an expanded uncertainty of 0.089 mmol/mol following International Association of Geoanalysts (IAG) guidelines. This uncertainty, at the 95% confidence level, equates to 1.5°C for SST estimates using Porites, so is approaching fitness for purpose. The comparable median within laboratory error is <0.5°C. This difference in uncertainties illustrates the interlaboratory bias component that should be reduced through the use of reference materials like the JCp‐1. There are many potential sources contributing to biases in comparative methods but traces of Sr in Ca standards and uncertainties in reference solution composition can account for half of the combined uncertainty. Consensus values that fulfil the requirements to be certified values were also obtained for Mg/Ca in JCp‐1 and for Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca ratios in the JCt‐1 giant clam reference material. Reference values with variable fitness for purpose have also been obtained for Li/Ca, B/Ca, Ba/Ca, and U/Ca in both reference materials. In future, studies reporting coral element/Ca data should also report the average value obtained for a reference material such as the JCp‐1.</abstract><abstract type="short">Twenty‐one labs have characterised the coral JCp‐1 The 95% confidence level equates to 1.5{degree sign}C for SST estimates Uncertainty can be reduced through the use of reference materials like JCp‐1</abstract><subject><genre>keywords</genre><topic>coral Sr/Ca ratios</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><subject><genre>index-terms</genre><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1000">Geochemistry</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1094">Instruments and techniques</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1065">Major and trace element geochemistry</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4900">Paleoceanography</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4954">Sea surface temperature</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4916">Corals</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4200">Oceanography: General</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4220">Coral reef systems</topic></subject><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Regular Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">1525-2027</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1525-2027</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1525-2027</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">GGGE</identifier><part><date>2013</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>14</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>9</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>3730</start><end>3750</end><total>21</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">FE037BBA55109BCD46A11C8BB68D67A9DE1A6F23</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-V7KXQ6J1-Z</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/ggge.20230</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">GGGE20230</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©2013. 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