QOLIBRI Overall Scale: a brief index of health-related quality of life after traumatic brain injury
Identifieur interne : 002D31 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 002D30; suivant : 002D32QOLIBRI Overall Scale: a brief index of health-related quality of life after traumatic brain injury
Auteurs : Nicole Von Steinbuechel ; Lindsay Wilson ; Henning Gibbons ; Holger Muehlan ; Holger Schmidt ; Silke Schmidt ; Nadine Sasse ; Sanna Koskinen ; Jaana Sarajuuri ; Stefan Höfer ; Monika Bullinger ; Andrew Maas ; Edmund Neugebauer ; Jane Powell ; Klaus Von Wild ; George Zitnay ; Wilbert Bakx ; Anne-Lise Christensen ; Rita Formisano ; Graeme Hawthorne ; Jean-Luc TruelleSource :
- Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry [ 0022-3050 ] ; 2012-11.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Analogue scale, Arch phys, Brain injury, Brief hrqol scale, Brief index, Brief measures, Case notes, Ceiling effects, Centre, Clinical information, Cognition, Cognitive, Cognitive impairment, Cognitive neurology, Cognitive status, Conventional criteria, Current study, Daily life, Depression scale, Different aspects, Factor analysis, Full qolibri, Functional status, Generic measures, German language sample, Glasgow, Glasgow coma scale, Glasgow outcome scale, Global assessment, Good testeretest reliability, Gose, Hads, Hads depression, Health status, Health survey, Hospital anxiety, Hrqol, Impairment, Injury severity, Internal consistency, International sample, Intraclass correlation, Language versions, Last item, Life scale, Major head injury, Medical psychology, Mental component score, Mental health, Mmse, Neurol, Neurol neurosurg psychiatry, Neurology, Neurosurg, Other measures, Other outcome assessments, Outcome assessments, Outcome measures, Participant, Performance tics, Person separation index, Physical component score, Psychometric, Qolibri, Rasch, Rasch analyses, Rasch analysis, Rasch model, Rehabil, Reliability, Satisfactory psychometric properties, Scale reliability, Scale scores, Scale validity, Short scale, Similar relationships, Spearman correlations, Square error, State examination, Strong relationships, Subsample, Swls, Telephone interview, Testeretest, Testeretest reliability, Tic, Total sample, Total score, Traumatic, Traumatic brain injury.
- Teeft :
- Analogue scale, Arch phys, Brain injury, Brief hrqol scale, Brief index, Brief measures, Case notes, Ceiling effects, Centre, Clinical information, Cognition, Cognitive, Cognitive impairment, Cognitive neurology, Cognitive status, Conventional criteria, Current study, Daily life, Depression scale, Different aspects, Factor analysis, Full qolibri, Functional status, Generic measures, German language sample, Glasgow, Glasgow coma scale, Glasgow outcome scale, Global assessment, Good testeretest reliability, Gose, Hads, Hads depression, Health status, Health survey, Hospital anxiety, Hrqol, Impairment, Injury severity, Internal consistency, International sample, Intraclass correlation, Language versions, Last item, Life scale, Major head injury, Medical psychology, Mental component score, Mental health, Mmse, Neurol, Neurol neurosurg psychiatry, Neurology, Neurosurg, Other measures, Other outcome assessments, Outcome assessments, Outcome measures, Participant, Performance tics, Person separation index, Physical component score, Psychometric, Qolibri, Rasch, Rasch analyses, Rasch analysis, Rasch model, Rehabil, Reliability, Satisfactory psychometric properties, Scale reliability, Scale scores, Scale validity, Short scale, Similar relationships, Spearman correlations, Square error, State examination, Strong relationships, Subsample, Swls, Telephone interview, Testeretest, Testeretest reliability, Tic, Total sample, Total score, Traumatic, Traumatic brain injury.
Abstract
Background The Quality of Life after Brain Injury (QOLIBRI) scale is a recently developed instrument that provides a profile of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in domains typically affected by brain injury. However, for global assessment it is desirable to have a brief summary measure. This study examined a 6-item QOLIBRI Overall Scale (QOLIBRI-OS), and considered whether it could provide an index of HRQoL after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods The properties of the QOLIBRI-OS were studied in a sample of 792 participants with TBI recruited from centres in nine countries covering six languages. An examination of construct validity was undertaken on a subsample of 153 participants recruited in Germany who had been assessed on two relevant brief quality of life measures, the Satisfaction With Life Scale and the Quality of Life Visual Analogue Scale. Results The reliability of the QOLIBRI-OS was good (Cronbach's α=0.86, test–retest reliability =0.81) and similar in participants with higher and lower cognitive performance. Factor analysis indicated that the scale is unidimensional. Rasch analysis also showed a satisfactory fit with this model. The QOLIBRI-OS correlates highly with the total score from the full QOLIBRI scale (r=0.87). Moderate to strong relationships were found among the QOLIBRI-OS and the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale, Short-Form-36, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (r=0.54 to -0.76). The QOLIBRI-OS showed good construct validity in the TBI group. Conclusions The QOLIBRI-OS assesses a similar construct to the QOLIBRI total score and can be used as a brief index of HRQoL for TBI.
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DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2012-302361
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title>QOLIBRI Overall Scale: a brief index of health-related quality of life after traumatic brain injury</title><author><name sortKey="Von Steinbuechel, Nicole" sort="Von Steinbuechel, Nicole" uniqKey="Von Steinbuechel N" first="Nicole" last="Von Steinbuechel">Nicole Von Steinbuechel</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilson, Lindsay" sort="Wilson, Lindsay" uniqKey="Wilson L" first="Lindsay" last="Wilson">Lindsay Wilson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: jtlw1@stir.ac.uk</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gibbons, Henning" sort="Gibbons, Henning" uniqKey="Gibbons H" first="Henning" last="Gibbons">Henning Gibbons</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muehlan, Holger" sort="Muehlan, Holger" uniqKey="Muehlan H" first="Holger" last="Muehlan">Holger Muehlan</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Health and Prevention, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmidt, Holger" sort="Schmidt, Holger" uniqKey="Schmidt H" first="Holger" last="Schmidt">Holger Schmidt</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmidt, Silke" sort="Schmidt, Silke" uniqKey="Schmidt S" first="Silke" last="Schmidt">Silke Schmidt</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sasse, Nadine" sort="Sasse, Nadine" uniqKey="Sasse N" first="Nadine" last="Sasse">Nadine Sasse</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koskinen, Sanna" sort="Koskinen, Sanna" uniqKey="Koskinen S" first="Sanna" last="Koskinen">Sanna Koskinen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Unit of Clinical Neuropsychology and Psychology, Käpylä Rehabilitation Centre, Helsinki, Finland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sarajuuri, Jaana" sort="Sarajuuri, Jaana" uniqKey="Sarajuuri J" first="Jaana" last="Sarajuuri">Jaana Sarajuuri</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Unit of Clinical Neuropsychology and Psychology, Käpylä Rehabilitation Centre, Helsinki, Finland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hofer, Stefan" sort="Hofer, Stefan" uniqKey="Hofer S" first="Stefan" last="Höfer">Stefan Höfer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bullinger, Monika" sort="Bullinger, Monika" uniqKey="Bullinger M" first="Monika" last="Bullinger">Monika Bullinger</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institut und Poliklinik für Medizinische Psychologie, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maas, Andrew" sort="Maas, Andrew" uniqKey="Maas A" first="Andrew" last="Maas">Andrew Maas</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neugebauer, Edmund" sort="Neugebauer, Edmund" uniqKey="Neugebauer E" first="Edmund" last="Neugebauer">Edmund Neugebauer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Cologne, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Powell, Jane" sort="Powell, Jane" uniqKey="Powell J" first="Jane" last="Powell">Jane Powell</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Von Wild, Klaus" sort="Von Wild, Klaus" uniqKey="Von Wild K" first="Klaus" last="Von Wild">Klaus Von Wild</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Westfälische Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zitnay, George" sort="Zitnay, George" uniqKey="Zitnay G" first="George" last="Zitnay">George Zitnay</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bakx, Wilbert" sort="Bakx, Wilbert" uniqKey="Bakx W" first="Wilbert" last="Bakx">Wilbert Bakx</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Adelante Adult Rehabilitation Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Christensen, Anne Lise" sort="Christensen, Anne Lise" uniqKey="Christensen A" first="Anne-Lise" last="Christensen">Anne-Lise Christensen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centre for Rehabilitation of Brain Injury and Centre for Cognition and Memory, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Formisano, Rita" sort="Formisano, Rita" uniqKey="Formisano R" first="Rita" last="Formisano">Rita Formisano</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>IRCCS Fondazione ‘Santa Lucia’, Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hawthorne, Graeme" sort="Hawthorne, Graeme" uniqKey="Hawthorne G" first="Graeme" last="Hawthorne">Graeme Hawthorne</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Truelle, Jean Luc" sort="Truelle, Jean Luc" uniqKey="Truelle J" first="Jean-Luc" last="Truelle">Jean-Luc Truelle</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital Garches, Garches, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:F07607253DDE157F2D6CA15272C8AA07B0358CB6</idno><date when="2012" year="2012">2012</date><idno type="doi">10.1136/jnnp-2012-302361</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/F07607253DDE157F2D6CA15272C8AA07B0358CB6/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">002D31</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">002D31</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a">QOLIBRI Overall Scale: a brief index of health-related quality of life after traumatic brain injury</title><author><name sortKey="Von Steinbuechel, Nicole" sort="Von Steinbuechel, Nicole" uniqKey="Von Steinbuechel N" first="Nicole" last="Von Steinbuechel">Nicole Von Steinbuechel</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilson, Lindsay" sort="Wilson, Lindsay" uniqKey="Wilson L" first="Lindsay" last="Wilson">Lindsay Wilson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: jtlw1@stir.ac.uk</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gibbons, Henning" sort="Gibbons, Henning" uniqKey="Gibbons H" first="Henning" last="Gibbons">Henning Gibbons</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muehlan, Holger" sort="Muehlan, Holger" uniqKey="Muehlan H" first="Holger" last="Muehlan">Holger Muehlan</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Health and Prevention, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmidt, Holger" sort="Schmidt, Holger" uniqKey="Schmidt H" first="Holger" last="Schmidt">Holger Schmidt</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmidt, Silke" sort="Schmidt, Silke" uniqKey="Schmidt S" first="Silke" last="Schmidt">Silke Schmidt</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sasse, Nadine" sort="Sasse, Nadine" uniqKey="Sasse N" first="Nadine" last="Sasse">Nadine Sasse</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Koskinen, Sanna" sort="Koskinen, Sanna" uniqKey="Koskinen S" first="Sanna" last="Koskinen">Sanna Koskinen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Unit of Clinical Neuropsychology and Psychology, Käpylä Rehabilitation Centre, Helsinki, Finland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sarajuuri, Jaana" sort="Sarajuuri, Jaana" uniqKey="Sarajuuri J" first="Jaana" last="Sarajuuri">Jaana Sarajuuri</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Unit of Clinical Neuropsychology and Psychology, Käpylä Rehabilitation Centre, Helsinki, Finland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hofer, Stefan" sort="Hofer, Stefan" uniqKey="Hofer S" first="Stefan" last="Höfer">Stefan Höfer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bullinger, Monika" sort="Bullinger, Monika" uniqKey="Bullinger M" first="Monika" last="Bullinger">Monika Bullinger</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institut und Poliklinik für Medizinische Psychologie, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maas, Andrew" sort="Maas, Andrew" uniqKey="Maas A" first="Andrew" last="Maas">Andrew Maas</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Neugebauer, Edmund" sort="Neugebauer, Edmund" uniqKey="Neugebauer E" first="Edmund" last="Neugebauer">Edmund Neugebauer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Cologne, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Powell, Jane" sort="Powell, Jane" uniqKey="Powell J" first="Jane" last="Powell">Jane Powell</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Von Wild, Klaus" sort="Von Wild, Klaus" uniqKey="Von Wild K" first="Klaus" last="Von Wild">Klaus Von Wild</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Westfälische Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zitnay, George" sort="Zitnay, George" uniqKey="Zitnay G" first="George" last="Zitnay">George Zitnay</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bakx, Wilbert" sort="Bakx, Wilbert" uniqKey="Bakx W" first="Wilbert" last="Bakx">Wilbert Bakx</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Adelante Adult Rehabilitation Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Christensen, Anne Lise" sort="Christensen, Anne Lise" uniqKey="Christensen A" first="Anne-Lise" last="Christensen">Anne-Lise Christensen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Centre for Rehabilitation of Brain Injury and Centre for Cognition and Memory, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Formisano, Rita" sort="Formisano, Rita" uniqKey="Formisano R" first="Rita" last="Formisano">Rita Formisano</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>IRCCS Fondazione ‘Santa Lucia’, Rome, Italy</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hawthorne, Graeme" sort="Hawthorne, Graeme" uniqKey="Hawthorne G" first="Graeme" last="Hawthorne">Graeme Hawthorne</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Truelle, Jean Luc" sort="Truelle, Jean Luc" uniqKey="Truelle J" first="Jean-Luc" last="Truelle">Jean-Luc Truelle</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital Garches, Garches, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry</title><idno type="ISSN">0022-3050</idno><idno type="eISSN">1468-330X</idno><imprint><publisher>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2012-11">2012-11</date><biblScope unit="volume">83</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">11</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1041">1041</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0022-3050</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0022-3050</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Analogue scale</term><term>Arch phys</term><term>Brain injury</term><term>Brief hrqol scale</term><term>Brief index</term><term>Brief measures</term><term>Case notes</term><term>Ceiling effects</term><term>Centre</term><term>Clinical information</term><term>Cognition</term><term>Cognitive</term><term>Cognitive impairment</term><term>Cognitive neurology</term><term>Cognitive status</term><term>Conventional criteria</term><term>Current study</term><term>Daily life</term><term>Depression scale</term><term>Different aspects</term><term>Factor analysis</term><term>Full qolibri</term><term>Functional status</term><term>Generic measures</term><term>German language sample</term><term>Glasgow</term><term>Glasgow coma scale</term><term>Glasgow outcome scale</term><term>Global assessment</term><term>Good testeretest reliability</term><term>Gose</term><term>Hads</term><term>Hads depression</term><term>Health status</term><term>Health survey</term><term>Hospital anxiety</term><term>Hrqol</term><term>Impairment</term><term>Injury severity</term><term>Internal consistency</term><term>International sample</term><term>Intraclass correlation</term><term>Language versions</term><term>Last item</term><term>Life scale</term><term>Major head injury</term><term>Medical psychology</term><term>Mental component score</term><term>Mental health</term><term>Mmse</term><term>Neurol</term><term>Neurol neurosurg psychiatry</term><term>Neurology</term><term>Neurosurg</term><term>Other measures</term><term>Other outcome assessments</term><term>Outcome assessments</term><term>Outcome measures</term><term>Participant</term><term>Performance tics</term><term>Person separation index</term><term>Physical component score</term><term>Psychometric</term><term>Qolibri</term><term>Rasch</term><term>Rasch analyses</term><term>Rasch analysis</term><term>Rasch model</term><term>Rehabil</term><term>Reliability</term><term>Satisfactory psychometric properties</term><term>Scale reliability</term><term>Scale scores</term><term>Scale validity</term><term>Short scale</term><term>Similar relationships</term><term>Spearman correlations</term><term>Square error</term><term>State examination</term><term>Strong relationships</term><term>Subsample</term><term>Swls</term><term>Telephone interview</term><term>Testeretest</term><term>Testeretest reliability</term><term>Tic</term><term>Total sample</term><term>Total score</term><term>Traumatic</term><term>Traumatic brain injury</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Analogue scale</term><term>Arch phys</term><term>Brain injury</term><term>Brief hrqol scale</term><term>Brief index</term><term>Brief measures</term><term>Case notes</term><term>Ceiling effects</term><term>Centre</term><term>Clinical information</term><term>Cognition</term><term>Cognitive</term><term>Cognitive impairment</term><term>Cognitive neurology</term><term>Cognitive status</term><term>Conventional criteria</term><term>Current study</term><term>Daily life</term><term>Depression scale</term><term>Different aspects</term><term>Factor analysis</term><term>Full qolibri</term><term>Functional status</term><term>Generic measures</term><term>German language sample</term><term>Glasgow</term><term>Glasgow coma scale</term><term>Glasgow outcome scale</term><term>Global assessment</term><term>Good testeretest reliability</term><term>Gose</term><term>Hads</term><term>Hads depression</term><term>Health status</term><term>Health survey</term><term>Hospital anxiety</term><term>Hrqol</term><term>Impairment</term><term>Injury severity</term><term>Internal consistency</term><term>International sample</term><term>Intraclass correlation</term><term>Language versions</term><term>Last item</term><term>Life scale</term><term>Major head injury</term><term>Medical psychology</term><term>Mental component score</term><term>Mental health</term><term>Mmse</term><term>Neurol</term><term>Neurol neurosurg psychiatry</term><term>Neurology</term><term>Neurosurg</term><term>Other measures</term><term>Other outcome assessments</term><term>Outcome assessments</term><term>Outcome measures</term><term>Participant</term><term>Performance tics</term><term>Person separation index</term><term>Physical component score</term><term>Psychometric</term><term>Qolibri</term><term>Rasch</term><term>Rasch analyses</term><term>Rasch analysis</term><term>Rasch model</term><term>Rehabil</term><term>Reliability</term><term>Satisfactory psychometric properties</term><term>Scale reliability</term><term>Scale scores</term><term>Scale validity</term><term>Short scale</term><term>Similar relationships</term><term>Spearman correlations</term><term>Square error</term><term>State examination</term><term>Strong relationships</term><term>Subsample</term><term>Swls</term><term>Telephone interview</term><term>Testeretest</term><term>Testeretest reliability</term><term>Tic</term><term>Total sample</term><term>Total score</term><term>Traumatic</term><term>Traumatic brain injury</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Background The Quality of Life after Brain Injury (QOLIBRI) scale is a recently developed instrument that provides a profile of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in domains typically affected by brain injury. However, for global assessment it is desirable to have a brief summary measure. This study examined a 6-item QOLIBRI Overall Scale (QOLIBRI-OS), and considered whether it could provide an index of HRQoL after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods The properties of the QOLIBRI-OS were studied in a sample of 792 participants with TBI recruited from centres in nine countries covering six languages. An examination of construct validity was undertaken on a subsample of 153 participants recruited in Germany who had been assessed on two relevant brief quality of life measures, the Satisfaction With Life Scale and the Quality of Life Visual Analogue Scale. Results The reliability of the QOLIBRI-OS was good (Cronbach's α=0.86, test–retest reliability =0.81) and similar in participants with higher and lower cognitive performance. Factor analysis indicated that the scale is unidimensional. Rasch analysis also showed a satisfactory fit with this model. The QOLIBRI-OS correlates highly with the total score from the full QOLIBRI scale (r=0.87). Moderate to strong relationships were found among the QOLIBRI-OS and the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale, Short-Form-36, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (r=0.54 to -0.76). The QOLIBRI-OS showed good construct validity in the TBI group. Conclusions The QOLIBRI-OS assesses a similar construct to the QOLIBRI total score and can be used as a brief index of HRQoL for TBI.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>bmj</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>qolibri</json:string><json:string>hrqol</json:string><json:string>gose</json:string><json:string>brain injury</json:string><json:string>swls</json:string><json:string>traumatic brain injury</json:string><json:string>hads</json:string><json:string>rasch</json:string><json:string>cognition</json:string><json:string>neurol</json:string><json:string>rehabil</json:string><json:string>cognitive impairment</json:string><json:string>testeretest</json:string><json:string>tic</json:string><json:string>traumatic</json:string><json:string>mmse</json:string><json:string>neurology</json:string><json:string>psychometric</json:string><json:string>neurol neurosurg psychiatry</json:string><json:string>full qolibri</json:string><json:string>neurosurg</json:string><json:string>glasgow outcome scale</json:string><json:string>life scale</json:string><json:string>subsample</json:string><json:string>testeretest reliability</json:string><json:string>internal consistency</json:string><json:string>depression scale</json:string><json:string>hospital anxiety</json:string><json:string>arch phys</json:string><json:string>short scale</json:string><json:string>cognitive</json:string><json:string>impairment</json:string><json:string>health status</json:string><json:string>strong relationships</json:string><json:string>total score</json:string><json:string>telephone interview</json:string><json:string>rasch analysis</json:string><json:string>cognitive status</json:string><json:string>analogue scale</json:string><json:string>reliability</json:string><json:string>other measures</json:string><json:string>physical component score</json:string><json:string>daily life</json:string><json:string>factor analysis</json:string><json:string>satisfactory psychometric 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information</json:string><json:string>glasgow coma scale</json:string><json:string>brief index</json:string><json:string>case notes</json:string><json:string>major head injury</json:string><json:string>total sample</json:string><json:string>performance tics</json:string><json:string>other outcome assessments</json:string><json:string>scale scores</json:string><json:string>injury severity</json:string><json:string>hads depression</json:string><json:string>outcome assessments</json:string><json:string>mental component score</json:string><json:string>mental health</json:string><json:string>scale validity</json:string><json:string>similar relationships</json:string><json:string>global assessment</json:string><json:string>rasch analyses</json:string><json:string>outcome measures</json:string><json:string>health survey</json:string><json:string>generic measures</json:string><json:string>medical psychology</json:string><json:string>conventional criteria</json:string><json:string>participant</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>Nicole von Steinbuechel</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Lindsay Wilson</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK</json:string><json:string>E-mail: jtlw1@stir.ac.uk</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Henning Gibbons</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Holger Muehlan</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Health and Prevention, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Holger Schmidt</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Silke Schmidt</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Nadine Sasse</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Sanna Koskinen</name><affiliations><json:string>Unit of Clinical Neuropsychology and Psychology, Käpylä Rehabilitation Centre, Helsinki, Finland</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jaana Sarajuuri</name><affiliations><json:string>Unit of Clinical Neuropsychology and Psychology, Käpylä Rehabilitation Centre, Helsinki, Finland</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Stefan Höfer</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medical Psychology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Monika Bullinger</name><affiliations><json:string>Institut und Poliklinik für Medizinische Psychologie, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Andrew Maas</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Edmund Neugebauer</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Cologne, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jane Powell</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Klaus von Wild</name><affiliations><json:string>Westfälische Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>George Zitnay</name><affiliations><json:string>University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Wilbert Bakx</name><affiliations><json:string>Adelante Adult Rehabilitation Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Anne-Lise Christensen</name><affiliations><json:string>Centre for Rehabilitation of Brain Injury and Centre for Cognition and Memory, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Rita Formisano</name><affiliations><json:string>IRCCS Fondazione ‘Santa Lucia’, Rome, Italy</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Graeme Hawthorne</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jean-Luc Truelle</name><affiliations><json:string>Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital Garches, Garches, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Traumatic brain injury</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>outcome</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>health-related</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>quality of life</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>head injury</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>exptl</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>cognitive neuropsych</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>applied</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>psychology</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>rehabilitation</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>trauma</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>psychol seque</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>neurosurgery</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>behavioural disorder</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>subarachnoid haemorrhage</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>frontal lobe</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>psychopharmacology</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>epidemiology</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>depression</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>statistics</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>jnnp-2012-302361</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/NVC-Q1ZFG2VC-C</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>research-article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Background The Quality of Life after Brain Injury (QOLIBRI) scale is a recently developed instrument that provides a profile of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in domains typically affected by brain injury. However, for global assessment it is desirable to have a brief summary measure. This study examined a 6-item QOLIBRI Overall Scale (QOLIBRI-OS), and considered whether it could provide an index of HRQoL after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods The properties of the QOLIBRI-OS were studied in a sample of 792 participants with TBI recruited from centres in nine countries covering six languages. An examination of construct validity was undertaken on a subsample of 153 participants recruited in Germany who had been assessed on two relevant brief quality of life measures, the Satisfaction With Life Scale and the Quality of Life Visual Analogue Scale. Results The reliability of the QOLIBRI-OS was good (Cronbach's α=0.86, test–retest reliability =0.81) and similar in participants with higher and lower cognitive performance. Factor analysis indicated that the scale is unidimensional. Rasch analysis also showed a satisfactory fit with this model. The QOLIBRI-OS correlates highly with the total score from the full QOLIBRI scale (r=0.87). Moderate to strong relationships were found among the QOLIBRI-OS and the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale, Short-Form-36, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (r=0.54 to -0.76). The QOLIBRI-OS showed good construct validity in the TBI group. Conclusions The QOLIBRI-OS assesses a similar construct to the QOLIBRI total score and can be used as a brief index of HRQoL for TBI.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>9.988</score><pdfWordCount>5266</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>35756</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>7</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>595.163 x 793.587 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>249</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>1639</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>20</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>QOLIBRI Overall Scale: a brief index of health-related quality of life after traumatic brain injury</title><pmid><json:string>22851609</json:string></pmid><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><title>Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><issn><json:string>0022-3050</json:string></issn><eissn><json:string>1468-330X</json:string></eissn><publisherId><json:string>jnnp</json:string></publisherId><volume>83</volume><issue>11</issue><pages><first>1041</first></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><subject><json:item><value>Neurological injury</value></json:item><json:item><value>Trauma CNS / PNS</value></json:item><json:item><value>Trauma</value></json:item><json:item><value>Injury</value></json:item></subject></host><namedEntities><unitex><date><json:string>2012-07-31</json:string></date><geogName></geogName><orgName><json:string>US Food and Drug Administration</json:string><json:string>Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Gottingen, Germany</json:string><json:string>Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium</json:string><json:string>University of Greifswald</json:string><json:string>University of Copenhagen</json:string><json:string>Division of Psychology</json:string><json:string>Institute for Research</json:string><json:string>University of Stirling</json:string><json:string>Department of Medical Psychology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria</json:string><json:string>Ministry of Health</json:string><json:string>Clyde Local Research Ethics Committee</json:string><json:string>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology</json:string><json:string>Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling FK</json:string><json:string>University of Hamburg</json:string><json:string>Fondazione</json:string><json:string>Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK</json:string><json:string>Department of Health and Prevention</json:string><json:string>Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</json:string><json:string>University of Witten</json:string><json:string>QOLIBRI Task Force</json:string><json:string>Maastricht University</json:string><json:string>University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh</json:string><json:string>QOLIBRI Group</json:string><json:string>Kohl Foundation, Germany</json:string><json:string>Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital Garches, Garches, France Contributors All</json:string><json:string>IBM Corporation</json:string></orgName><orgName_funder></orgName_funder><orgName_provider></orgName_provider><persName><json:string>Lindsay Wilson</json:string><json:string>Analysis</json:string><json:string>Klaus von Wild</json:string><json:string>George Zitnay</json:string><json:string>Silke Schmidt</json:string><json:string>Anne-Lise Christensen</json:string><json:string>Unless</json:string><json:string>Jean-Luc Truelle</json:string><json:string>Jane Powell</json:string><json:string>Wilbert Bakx</json:string><json:string>Patient</json:string><json:string>Stefan Hofer</json:string><json:string>Andrew Maas</json:string><json:string>Monika Bullinger</json:string><json:string>Brain Injury</json:string><json:string>Rita Formisano</json:string><json:string>Nadine Sasse</json:string><json:string>Edmund Neugebauer</json:string><json:string>Centre</json:string></persName><placeName><json:string>Maastricht</json:string><json:string>Germany</json:string><json:string>Finland</json:string><json:string>UK</json:string><json:string>Helsinki</json:string><json:string>Santa Lucia</json:string><json:string>Cologne</json:string><json:string>Greifswald</json:string><json:string>Glasgow</json:string><json:string>Denmark</json:string><json:string>Rome</json:string><json:string>Chicago</json:string><json:string>York</json:string><json:string>Copenhagen</json:string><json:string>Italy</json:string><json:string>Netherlands</json:string></placeName><ref_url><json:string>http://dx.doi.org/</json:string></ref_url><ref_bibl><json:string>von Steinbüchel et al.</json:string></ref_bibl><bibl></bibl></unitex></namedEntities><ark><json:string>ark:/67375/NVC-Q1ZFG2VC-C</json:string></ark><categories><wos><json:string>1 - social science</json:string><json:string>2 - psychiatry</json:string><json:string>1 - science</json:string><json:string>2 - surgery</json:string><json:string>2 - clinical neurology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>1 - health sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - clinical medicine</json:string><json:string>3 - neurology & neurosurgery</json:string></scienceMetrix><scopus><json:string>1 - Health Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Medicine</json:string><json:string>3 - Psychiatry and Mental health</json:string><json:string>1 - Health Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Medicine</json:string><json:string>3 - Clinical Neurology</json:string><json:string>1 - Health Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Medicine</json:string><json:string>3 - Surgery</json:string></scopus><inist><json:string>1 - sciences humaines et sociales</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>2012</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2012</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1136/jnnp-2012-302361</json:string></doi><id>F07607253DDE157F2D6CA15272C8AA07B0358CB6</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/F07607253DDE157F2D6CA15272C8AA07B0358CB6/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/F07607253DDE157F2D6CA15272C8AA07B0358CB6/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/F07607253DDE157F2D6CA15272C8AA07B0358CB6/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a">QOLIBRI Overall Scale: a brief index of health-related quality of life after traumatic brain injury</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher scheme="https://publisher-list.data.istex.fr">BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><availability><licence><p>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions</p></licence><p scheme="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-7M42M2QJ-2">bmj</p></availability><date>2012-07-31</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="research-article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</note><note type="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note><note>An additional appendix is published online only. To view this file please visit the journal online (http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2012-302361).</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a">QOLIBRI Overall Scale: a brief index of health-related quality of life after traumatic brain injury</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">Nicole</forename><surname>von Steinbuechel</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001" corresp="yes"><persName><forename type="first">Lindsay</forename><surname>Wilson</surname></persName><email>jtlw1@stir.ac.uk</email><affiliation>Division of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">Henning</forename><surname>Gibbons</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">Holger</forename><surname>Muehlan</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Health and Prevention, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">Holger</forename><surname>Schmidt</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005"><persName><forename type="first">Silke</forename><surname>Schmidt</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0006"><persName><forename type="first">Nadine</forename><surname>Sasse</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0007"><persName><forename type="first">Sanna</forename><surname>Koskinen</surname></persName><affiliation>Unit of Clinical Neuropsychology and Psychology, Käpylä Rehabilitation Centre, Helsinki, Finland</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0008"><persName><forename type="first">Jaana</forename><surname>Sarajuuri</surname></persName><affiliation>Unit of Clinical Neuropsychology and Psychology, Käpylä Rehabilitation Centre, Helsinki, Finland</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0009"><persName><forename type="first">Stefan</forename><surname>Höfer</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0010"><persName><forename type="first">Monika</forename><surname>Bullinger</surname></persName><affiliation>Institut und Poliklinik für Medizinische Psychologie, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0011"><persName><forename type="first">Andrew</forename><surname>Maas</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0012"><persName><forename type="first">Edmund</forename><surname>Neugebauer</surname></persName><affiliation>Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Cologne, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0013"><persName><forename type="first">Jane</forename><surname>Powell</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0014"><persName><forename type="first">Klaus</forename><surname>von Wild</surname></persName><affiliation>Westfälische Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0015"><persName><forename type="first">George</forename><surname>Zitnay</surname></persName><affiliation>University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0016"><persName><forename type="first">Wilbert</forename><surname>Bakx</surname></persName><affiliation>Adelante Adult Rehabilitation Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0017"><persName><forename type="first">Anne-Lise</forename><surname>Christensen</surname></persName><affiliation>Centre for Rehabilitation of Brain Injury and Centre for Cognition and Memory, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0018"><persName><forename type="first">Rita</forename><surname>Formisano</surname></persName><affiliation>IRCCS Fondazione ‘Santa Lucia’, Rome, Italy</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0019"><persName><forename type="first">Graeme</forename><surname>Hawthorne</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0020"><persName><forename type="first">Jean-Luc</forename><surname>Truelle</surname></persName><affiliation>Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital Garches, Garches, France</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">F07607253DDE157F2D6CA15272C8AA07B0358CB6</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/NVC-Q1ZFG2VC-C</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1136/jnnp-2012-302361</idno><idno type="href">jnnp-83-1041.pdf</idno><idno type="article-id">jnnp-2012-302361</idno><idno type="PMID">22851609</idno><idno type="local">jnnp;83/11/1041</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry</title><idno type="pISSN">0022-3050</idno><idno type="eISSN">1468-330X</idno><idno type="publisher-id">jnnp</idno><idno type="PublisherID-hwp">jnnp</idno><idno type="PublisherID-nlm-ta">J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry</idno><imprint><publisher>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2012-11"></date><biblScope unit="volume">83</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">11</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1041">1041</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2012-07-31</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract><p>Background The Quality of Life after Brain Injury (QOLIBRI) scale is a recently developed instrument that provides a profile of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in domains typically affected by brain injury. However, for global assessment it is desirable to have a brief summary measure. This study examined a 6-item QOLIBRI Overall Scale (QOLIBRI-OS), and considered whether it could provide an index of HRQoL after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods The properties of the QOLIBRI-OS were studied in a sample of 792 participants with TBI recruited from centres in nine countries covering six languages. An examination of construct validity was undertaken on a subsample of 153 participants recruited in Germany who had been assessed on two relevant brief quality of life measures, the Satisfaction With Life Scale and the Quality of Life Visual Analogue Scale. Results The reliability of the QOLIBRI-OS was good (Cronbach's α=0.86, test–retest reliability =0.81) and similar in participants with higher and lower cognitive performance. Factor analysis indicated that the scale is unidimensional. Rasch analysis also showed a satisfactory fit with this model. The QOLIBRI-OS correlates highly with the total score from the full QOLIBRI scale (r=0.87). Moderate to strong relationships were found among the QOLIBRI-OS and the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale, Short-Form-36, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (r=0.54 to -0.76). The QOLIBRI-OS showed good construct validity in the TBI group. Conclusions The QOLIBRI-OS assesses a similar construct to the QOLIBRI total score and can be used as a brief index of HRQoL for TBI.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>Traumatic brain injury</term></item><item><term>outcome</term></item><item><term>health-related</term></item><item><term>quality of life</term></item><item><term>head injury</term></item><item><term>exptl</term></item><item><term>cognitive neuropsych</term></item><item><term>applied</term></item><item><term>psychology</term></item><item><term>rehabilitation</term></item><item><term>trauma</term></item><item><term>psychol seque</term></item><item><term>neurosurgery</term></item><item><term>behavioural disorder</term></item><item><term>subarachnoid haemorrhage</term></item><item><term>frontal lobe</term></item><item><term>psychopharmacology</term></item><item><term>epidemiology</term></item><item><term>depression</term></item><item><term>statistics</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>hwp-journal-coll</head><item><term>Neurological injury</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>hwp-journal-coll</head><item><term>Trauma CNS / PNS</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>hwp-journal-coll</head><item><term>Trauma</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>hwp-journal-coll</head><item><term>Injury</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2012-07-31">Created</change><change when="2012-11">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/F07607253DDE157F2D6CA15272C8AA07B0358CB6/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="corpus bmj" wicri:toSee="no header"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//NLM//DTD Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD v2.3 20070202//EN" URI="archivearticle.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><article article-type="research-article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">jnnp</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jnnp</journal-id><journal-title>Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry</journal-title><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry</abbrev-journal-title><abbrev-journal-title>J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry</abbrev-journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">0022-3050</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1468-330X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">jnnp-2012-302361</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1136/jnnp-2012-302361</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="other">jnnp;83/11/1041</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="other">jnnp;jnnp-2012-302361</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">22851609</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="other">1041</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="other">jnnp-2012-302361</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Cognition</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>Neurological injury</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>Trauma CNS / PNS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>Trauma</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>Injury</subject></subj-group><series-title>Research paper</series-title></article-categories><title-group><article-title>QOLIBRI Overall Scale: a brief index of health-related quality of life after traumatic brain injury</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>von Steinbuechel</surname><given-names>Nicole</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Wilson</surname><given-names>Lindsay</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gibbons</surname><given-names>Henning</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Muehlan</surname><given-names>Holger</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schmidt</surname><given-names>Holger</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">4</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Schmidt</surname><given-names>Silke</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">4</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sasse</surname><given-names>Nadine</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Koskinen</surname><given-names>Sanna</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">5</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sarajuuri</surname><given-names>Jaana</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">5</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Höfer</surname><given-names>Stefan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">6</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bullinger</surname><given-names>Monika</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">7</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Maas</surname><given-names>Andrew</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">8</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Neugebauer</surname><given-names>Edmund</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">9</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Powell</surname><given-names>Jane</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">10</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>von Wild</surname><given-names>Klaus</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11">11</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Zitnay</surname><given-names>George</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">12</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bakx</surname><given-names>Wilbert</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13">13</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Christensen</surname><given-names>Anne-Lise</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14">14</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Formisano</surname><given-names>Rita</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15">15</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hawthorne</surname><given-names>Graeme</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16">16</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Truelle</surname><given-names>Jean-Luc</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17">17</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label>Division of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK</aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label>Department of Health and Prevention, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany</aff><aff id="aff4"><label>4</label>Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany</aff><aff id="aff5"><label>5</label>Unit of Clinical Neuropsychology and Psychology, Käpylä Rehabilitation Centre, Helsinki, Finland</aff><aff id="aff6"><label>6</label>Department of Medical Psychology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria</aff><aff id="aff7"><label>7</label>Institut und Poliklinik für Medizinische Psychologie, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany</aff><aff id="aff8"><label>8</label>Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium</aff><aff id="aff9"><label>9</label>Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Cologne, Germany</aff><aff id="aff10"><label>10</label>Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK</aff><aff id="aff11"><label>11</label>Westfälische Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany</aff><aff id="aff12"><label>12</label>University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA</aff><aff id="aff13"><label>13</label>Adelante Adult Rehabilitation Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands</aff><aff id="aff14"><label>14</label>Centre for Rehabilitation of Brain Injury and Centre for Cognition and Memory, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark</aff><aff id="aff15"><label>15</label>IRCCS Fondazione ‘Santa Lucia’, Rome, Italy</aff><aff id="aff16"><label>16</label>Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</aff><aff id="aff17"><label>17</label>Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital Garches, Garches, France</aff><author-notes><corresp><label>Correspondence to</label> Professor Lindsay Wilson, Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK; <email>jtlw1@stir.ac.uk</email></corresp><fn fn-type="other"><p>An additional appendix is published online only. To view this file please visit the journal online (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2012-302361">http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2012-302361</ext-link>).</p></fn><fn fn-type="other"><p>NvS and LW are joint first authors.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>11</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>7</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>83</volume><volume-id pub-id-type="other">83</volume-id><volume-id pub-id-type="other">83</volume-id><issue>11</issue><issue-id pub-id-type="other">jnnp;83/11</issue-id><issue-id pub-id-type="other">11</issue-id><issue-id pub-id-type="other">83/11</issue-id><fpage>1041</fpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>25</day><month>1</month><year>2012</year></date><date date-type="rev-recd"><day>3</day><month>5</month><year>2012</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>28</day><month>5</month><year>2012</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:role="full-text" xlink:href="jnnp-83-1041.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Background</title><p>The Quality of Life after Brain Injury (QOLIBRI) scale is a recently developed instrument that provides a profile of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in domains typically affected by brain injury. However, for global assessment it is desirable to have a brief summary measure. This study examined a 6-item QOLIBRI Overall Scale (QOLIBRI-OS), and considered whether it could provide an index of HRQoL after traumatic brain injury (TBI).</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>The properties of the QOLIBRI-OS were studied in a sample of 792 participants with TBI recruited from centres in nine countries covering six languages. An examination of construct validity was undertaken on a subsample of 153 participants recruited in Germany who had been assessed on two relevant brief quality of life measures, the Satisfaction With Life Scale and the Quality of Life Visual Analogue Scale.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The reliability of the QOLIBRI-OS was good (Cronbach's α=0.86, test–retest reliability =0.81) and similar in participants with higher and lower cognitive performance. Factor analysis indicated that the scale is unidimensional. Rasch analysis also showed a satisfactory fit with this model. The QOLIBRI-OS correlates highly with the total score from the full QOLIBRI scale (r=0.87). Moderate to strong relationships were found among the QOLIBRI-OS and the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale, Short-Form-36, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (r=0.54 to -0.76). The QOLIBRI-OS showed good construct validity in the TBI group.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The QOLIBRI-OS assesses a similar construct to the QOLIBRI total score and can be used as a brief index of HRQoL for TBI.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Traumatic brain injury</kwd><kwd>outcome</kwd><kwd>health-related</kwd><kwd>quality of life</kwd><kwd>head injury</kwd><kwd>exptl</kwd><kwd>cognitive neuropsych</kwd><kwd>applied</kwd><kwd>psychology</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>trauma</kwd><kwd>psychol seque</kwd><kwd>neurosurgery</kwd><kwd>behavioural disorder</kwd><kwd>subarachnoid haemorrhage</kwd><kwd>frontal lobe</kwd><kwd>psychopharmacology</kwd><kwd>epidemiology</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>statistics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>QOLIBRI Overall Scale: a brief index of health-related quality of life after traumatic brain injury</title><partName>Research paper</partName></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>QOLIBRI Overall Scale: a brief index of health-related quality of life after traumatic brain injury</title><partName>Research paper</partName></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Nicole</namePart><namePart type="family">von Steinbuechel</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal" displayLabel="corresp"><namePart type="given">Lindsay</namePart><namePart type="family">Wilson</namePart><affiliation>Division of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: jtlw1@stir.ac.uk</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Henning</namePart><namePart type="family">Gibbons</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Holger</namePart><namePart type="family">Muehlan</namePart><affiliation>Department of Health and Prevention, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Holger</namePart><namePart type="family">Schmidt</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Silke</namePart><namePart type="family">Schmidt</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Nadine</namePart><namePart type="family">Sasse</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Sanna</namePart><namePart type="family">Koskinen</namePart><affiliation>Unit of Clinical Neuropsychology and Psychology, Käpylä Rehabilitation Centre, Helsinki, Finland</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jaana</namePart><namePart type="family">Sarajuuri</namePart><affiliation>Unit of Clinical Neuropsychology and Psychology, Käpylä Rehabilitation Centre, Helsinki, Finland</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Stefan</namePart><namePart type="family">Höfer</namePart><affiliation>Department of Medical Psychology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Monika</namePart><namePart type="family">Bullinger</namePart><affiliation>Institut und Poliklinik für Medizinische Psychologie, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Andrew</namePart><namePart type="family">Maas</namePart><affiliation>Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Edmund</namePart><namePart type="family">Neugebauer</namePart><affiliation>Institute for Research in Operative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Cologne, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jane</namePart><namePart type="family">Powell</namePart><affiliation>Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, London, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Klaus</namePart><namePart type="family">von Wild</namePart><affiliation>Westfälische Wilhelms-University, Münster, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">George</namePart><namePart type="family">Zitnay</namePart><affiliation>University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Wilbert</namePart><namePart type="family">Bakx</namePart><affiliation>Adelante Adult Rehabilitation Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Anne-Lise</namePart><namePart type="family">Christensen</namePart><affiliation>Centre for Rehabilitation of Brain Injury and Centre for Cognition and Memory, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Rita</namePart><namePart type="family">Formisano</namePart><affiliation>IRCCS Fondazione ‘Santa Lucia’, Rome, Italy</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Graeme</namePart><namePart type="family">Hawthorne</namePart><affiliation>Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jean-Luc</namePart><namePart type="family">Truelle</namePart><affiliation>Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital Garches, Garches, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="research-article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</genre><originInfo><publisher>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2012-11</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2012-07-31</dateCreated><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2012</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><abstract>Background The Quality of Life after Brain Injury (QOLIBRI) scale is a recently developed instrument that provides a profile of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in domains typically affected by brain injury. However, for global assessment it is desirable to have a brief summary measure. This study examined a 6-item QOLIBRI Overall Scale (QOLIBRI-OS), and considered whether it could provide an index of HRQoL after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods The properties of the QOLIBRI-OS were studied in a sample of 792 participants with TBI recruited from centres in nine countries covering six languages. An examination of construct validity was undertaken on a subsample of 153 participants recruited in Germany who had been assessed on two relevant brief quality of life measures, the Satisfaction With Life Scale and the Quality of Life Visual Analogue Scale. Results The reliability of the QOLIBRI-OS was good (Cronbach's α=0.86, test–retest reliability =0.81) and similar in participants with higher and lower cognitive performance. Factor analysis indicated that the scale is unidimensional. Rasch analysis also showed a satisfactory fit with this model. The QOLIBRI-OS correlates highly with the total score from the full QOLIBRI scale (r=0.87). Moderate to strong relationships were found among the QOLIBRI-OS and the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale, Short-Form-36, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (r=0.54 to -0.76). The QOLIBRI-OS showed good construct validity in the TBI group. Conclusions The QOLIBRI-OS assesses a similar construct to the QOLIBRI total score and can be used as a brief index of HRQoL for TBI.</abstract><note type="footnotes">An additional appendix is published online only. To view this file please visit the journal online (http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2012-302361).</note><subject><genre>keywords</genre><topic>Traumatic brain injury</topic><topic>outcome</topic><topic>health-related</topic><topic>quality of life</topic><topic>head injury</topic><topic>exptl</topic><topic>cognitive neuropsych</topic><topic>applied</topic><topic>psychology</topic><topic>rehabilitation</topic><topic>trauma</topic><topic>psychol seque</topic><topic>neurosurgery</topic><topic>behavioural disorder</topic><topic>subarachnoid haemorrhage</topic><topic>frontal lobe</topic><topic>psychopharmacology</topic><topic>epidemiology</topic><topic>depression</topic><topic>statistics</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><subject><genre>hwp-journal-coll</genre><topic>Neurological injury</topic></subject><subject><genre>hwp-journal-coll</genre><topic>Trauma CNS / PNS</topic></subject><subject><genre>hwp-journal-coll</genre><topic>Trauma</topic></subject><subject><genre>hwp-journal-coll</genre><topic>Injury</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">0022-3050</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1468-330X</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">jnnp</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID-hwp">jnnp</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID-nlm-ta">J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry</identifier><part><date>2012</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>83</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>11</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>1041</start></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">F07607253DDE157F2D6CA15272C8AA07B0358CB6</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/NVC-Q1ZFG2VC-C</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1136/jnnp-2012-302361</identifier><identifier type="href">jnnp-83-1041.pdf</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">jnnp-2012-302361</identifier><identifier type="PMID">22851609</identifier><identifier type="local">jnnp;83/11/1041</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. 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