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When does a reproducing female viper (Vipera aspis) ‘decide’ on her litter size?

Identifieur interne : 001C07 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001C06; suivant : 001C08

When does a reproducing female viper (Vipera aspis) ‘decide’ on her litter size?

Auteurs : Olivier Lourdais ; Xavier Bonnet ; Richard Shine ; Emily N. Taylor

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:9456C40EBA31309394C64F5E37197165EE8B94E3

English descriptors

Abstract

Some organisms rely on stored energy to fuel reproductive expenditure (capital breeders) whereas others use energy gained during the reproductive bout itself (income breeders). Most species occupy intermediate positions on this continuum, but few experimental data are available on the timescale over which food intake can affect fecundity. Mark–recapture studies of free‐ranging female aspic vipers Vipera aspis have suggested that reproductive output relies not only on the energy in fat bodies accumulated in previous years, but also on food intake immediately before ovulation. A simple experiment was conducted to test this hypothesis, maintaining female snakes in captivity throughout the vitellogenic period and controlling their food intake. The energy input of a female strongly influenced the amount of mass that she gained and the number of ova that she ovulated. Multiple regression showed that litter size in these snakes was affected both by maternal body condition in early spring (an indicator of foraging success over previous years) and by food intake in the spring before ovulation. Our experimental data thus reinforce the results of descriptive studies on free‐ranging snakes, and emphasize the flexibility of energy allocation patterns among vipers. Reproducing female vipers may combine energy from ‘capital’ and ‘income’ to maximize their litter sizes in the face of fluctuating levels of prey abundance.

Url:
DOI: 10.1017/S0952836902003059

Links to Exploration step

ISTEX:9456C40EBA31309394C64F5E37197165EE8B94E3

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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Some organisms rely on stored energy to fuel reproductive expenditure (capital breeders) whereas others use energy gained during the reproductive bout itself (income breeders). Most species occupy intermediate positions on this continuum, but few experimental data are available on the timescale over which food intake can affect fecundity. Mark–recapture studies of free‐ranging female aspic vipers Vipera aspis have suggested that reproductive output relies not only on the energy in fat bodies accumulated in previous years, but also on food intake immediately before ovulation. A simple experiment was conducted to test this hypothesis, maintaining female snakes in captivity throughout the vitellogenic period and controlling their food intake. The energy input of a female strongly influenced the amount of mass that she gained and the number of ova that she ovulated. Multiple regression showed that litter size in these snakes was affected both by maternal body condition in early spring (an indicator of foraging success over previous years) and by food intake in the spring before ovulation. Our experimental data thus reinforce the results of descriptive studies on free‐ranging snakes, and emphasize the flexibility of energy allocation patterns among vipers. Reproducing female vipers may combine energy from ‘capital’ and ‘income’ to maximize their litter sizes in the face of fluctuating levels of prey abundance.</div>
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