Comprehensive sampling reveals circumpolarity and sympatry in seven mitochondrial lineages of the Southern Ocean crinoid species Promachocrinus kerguelensis (Echinodermata)
Identifieur interne : 000A41 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000A40; suivant : 000A42Comprehensive sampling reveals circumpolarity and sympatry in seven mitochondrial lineages of the Southern Ocean crinoid species Promachocrinus kerguelensis (Echinodermata)
Auteurs : L. G. Hemery ; M. Eléaume ; V. Roussel ; N. Améziane ; C. Gallut ; D. Steinke ; C. Cruaud ; A. Couloux ; N. G. WilsonSource :
- Molecular Ecology [ 0962-1083 ] ; 2012-05.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Amundsen, Antarctic, Antarctic peninsula, Antarctica, Atlantic sector, Average number, Benthic, Blackwell publishing, Bouvet, Bouvet island, Circumpolar, Clade, Clarke crame, Comprehensive sampling, Connectivity, Crinoid, Crinoidea, Cryptic, Cryptic speciation, Cryptic species, Cycling conditions, Cytb, Cytochrome, Demographic history, Different phylogroups, Diversity indices, East weddell, Echinodermata, Ecology, Eleaume, Ews1, Ews1 ews2, Ews2, Genetic diversity, Glacial, Glacial refugia, Halanych, Haplotype, Haplotype diversity, Haplotype network, Haplotype networks, High number, High proportion, Hunter halanych, Invertebrate, Kapp norvegia, Kerguelen, Kerguelen plateau, Kerguelensis, Lineage, Linse, Marine biology, Marine invertebrates, Mitochondrial, Mitochondrial phylogroups, Molecular ecology, Multiple refugia, Nuclear phylogroups, Orkney islands, Other populations, Oxidase, Oxidase subunit, Pairwise, Philosophical transactions, Phylogroup, Phylogroups, Polar biology, Polarstern, Polymorphic, Polymorphic sites, Primer, Private haplotypes, Promachocrinus, Promachocrinus kerguelensis, Promachocrinus phylogroups, Raupach, Refugium, Research part studies, Royal society, Sampling effort, Sandwich islands, Scotia, Secondary contact, Shetland, Shetland islands, Southern ocean, Speciation, Subunit, Thatje, Wagele, Weddell, West antarctic peninsula.
- Teeft :
- Amundsen, Antarctic, Antarctic peninsula, Antarctica, Atlantic sector, Average number, Benthic, Blackwell publishing, Bouvet, Bouvet island, Circumpolar, Clade, Clarke crame, Comprehensive sampling, Connectivity, Crinoid, Crinoidea, Cryptic, Cryptic speciation, Cryptic species, Cycling conditions, Cytb, Cytochrome, Demographic history, Different phylogroups, Diversity indices, East weddell, Echinodermata, Ecology, Eleaume, Ews1, Ews1 ews2, Ews2, Genetic diversity, Glacial, Glacial refugia, Halanych, Haplotype, Haplotype diversity, Haplotype network, Haplotype networks, High number, High proportion, Hunter halanych, Invertebrate, Kapp norvegia, Kerguelen, Kerguelen plateau, Kerguelensis, Lineage, Linse, Marine biology, Marine invertebrates, Mitochondrial, Mitochondrial phylogroups, Molecular ecology, Multiple refugia, Nuclear phylogroups, Orkney islands, Other populations, Oxidase, Oxidase subunit, Pairwise, Philosophical transactions, Phylogroup, Phylogroups, Polar biology, Polarstern, Polymorphic, Polymorphic sites, Primer, Private haplotypes, Promachocrinus, Promachocrinus kerguelensis, Promachocrinus phylogroups, Raupach, Refugium, Research part studies, Royal society, Sampling effort, Sandwich islands, Scotia, Secondary contact, Shetland, Shetland islands, Southern ocean, Speciation, Subunit, Thatje, Wagele, Weddell, West antarctic peninsula.
Abstract
Sampling at appropriate spatial scales in the Southern Ocean is logistically challenging and may influence estimates of diversity by missing intermediate representatives. With the assistance of sampling efforts especially influenced by the International Polar Year 2007–2008, we gathered nearly 1500 specimens of the crinoid species Promachocrinus kerguelensis from around Antarctica. We used phylogeographic and phylogenetic tools to assess its genetic diversity, demographic history and evolutionary relationships. Six phylogroups (A–F) identified in an earlier study are corroborated here, with the addition of one new phylogroup (E2). All phylogroups are circumpolar, sympatric and eurybathic. The phylogeny of Promachocrinus phylogroups reveals two principal clades that may represent two different cryptic species with contrasting demographic histories. Genetic diversity indices vary dramatically within phylogroups, and within populations, suggesting multiple glacial refugia in the Southern Ocean: on the Kerguelen Plateau, in the East Weddell Sea and the South Shetland Islands (Atlantic sector), and on the East Antarctic continental shelf in the Dumont d’Urville Sea and Ross Sea. The inferences of gene flow vary among the phylogroups, showing discordant spatial patterns. Phylogroup A is the only one found in the Sub‐Antarctic region, although without evident connectivity between Bouvet and Kerguelen populations. The Scotia Arc region shows high levels of connectivity between populations in most of the phylogroups, and barriers to gene flow are evident in East Antarctica.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05512.x
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:38367215B1A1CB21046CA65E5B774DEE844B3584Le document en format XML
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G." last="Hemery">L. G. Hemery</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eleaume, M" sort="Eleaume, M" uniqKey="Eleaume M" first="M." last="Eléaume">M. Eléaume</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Roussel, V" sort="Roussel, V" uniqKey="Roussel V" first="V." last="Roussel">V. Roussel</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, Station de Biologie Marine, Place de la Croix, BP 225, 29182 Concarneau Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ameziane, N" sort="Ameziane, N" uniqKey="Ameziane N" first="N." last="Améziane">N. Améziane</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gallut, C" sort="Gallut, C" uniqKey="Gallut C" first="C." last="Gallut">C. Gallut</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Évolution, UMR 7138, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Steinke, D" sort="Steinke, D" uniqKey="Steinke D" first="D." last="Steinke">D. Steinke</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cruaud, C" sort="Cruaud, C" uniqKey="Cruaud C" first="C." last="Cruaud">C. Cruaud</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Genoscope, Centre National de Séquençage, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5706, 91057 Évry Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Couloux, A" sort="Couloux, A" uniqKey="Couloux A" first="A." last="Couloux">A. Couloux</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Genoscope, Centre National de Séquençage, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5706, 91057 Évry Cedex, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilson, N G" sort="Wilson, N G" uniqKey="Wilson N" first="N. G." last="Wilson">N. G. Wilson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>The Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Molecular Ecology</title><title level="j" type="alt">MOLECULAR ECOLOGY</title><idno type="ISSN">0962-1083</idno><idno type="eISSN">1365-294X</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">21</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">10</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="2502">2502</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="2518">2518</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">17</biblScope><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2012-05">2012-05</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0962-1083</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0962-1083</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Amundsen</term><term>Antarctic</term><term>Antarctic peninsula</term><term>Antarctica</term><term>Atlantic sector</term><term>Average number</term><term>Benthic</term><term>Blackwell publishing</term><term>Bouvet</term><term>Bouvet island</term><term>Circumpolar</term><term>Clade</term><term>Clarke crame</term><term>Comprehensive sampling</term><term>Connectivity</term><term>Crinoid</term><term>Crinoidea</term><term>Cryptic</term><term>Cryptic speciation</term><term>Cryptic species</term><term>Cycling conditions</term><term>Cytb</term><term>Cytochrome</term><term>Demographic history</term><term>Different phylogroups</term><term>Diversity indices</term><term>East weddell</term><term>Echinodermata</term><term>Ecology</term><term>Eleaume</term><term>Ews1</term><term>Ews1 ews2</term><term>Ews2</term><term>Genetic diversity</term><term>Glacial</term><term>Glacial refugia</term><term>Halanych</term><term>Haplotype</term><term>Haplotype diversity</term><term>Haplotype network</term><term>Haplotype networks</term><term>High number</term><term>High proportion</term><term>Hunter halanych</term><term>Invertebrate</term><term>Kapp norvegia</term><term>Kerguelen</term><term>Kerguelen plateau</term><term>Kerguelensis</term><term>Lineage</term><term>Linse</term><term>Marine biology</term><term>Marine invertebrates</term><term>Mitochondrial</term><term>Mitochondrial phylogroups</term><term>Molecular ecology</term><term>Multiple refugia</term><term>Nuclear phylogroups</term><term>Orkney islands</term><term>Other populations</term><term>Oxidase</term><term>Oxidase subunit</term><term>Pairwise</term><term>Philosophical transactions</term><term>Phylogroup</term><term>Phylogroups</term><term>Polar biology</term><term>Polarstern</term><term>Polymorphic</term><term>Polymorphic sites</term><term>Primer</term><term>Private haplotypes</term><term>Promachocrinus</term><term>Promachocrinus kerguelensis</term><term>Promachocrinus phylogroups</term><term>Raupach</term><term>Refugium</term><term>Research part studies</term><term>Royal society</term><term>Sampling effort</term><term>Sandwich islands</term><term>Scotia</term><term>Secondary contact</term><term>Shetland</term><term>Shetland islands</term><term>Southern ocean</term><term>Speciation</term><term>Subunit</term><term>Thatje</term><term>Wagele</term><term>Weddell</term><term>West antarctic peninsula</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Amundsen</term><term>Antarctic</term><term>Antarctic peninsula</term><term>Antarctica</term><term>Atlantic sector</term><term>Average number</term><term>Benthic</term><term>Blackwell publishing</term><term>Bouvet</term><term>Bouvet island</term><term>Circumpolar</term><term>Clade</term><term>Clarke crame</term><term>Comprehensive sampling</term><term>Connectivity</term><term>Crinoid</term><term>Crinoidea</term><term>Cryptic</term><term>Cryptic speciation</term><term>Cryptic species</term><term>Cycling conditions</term><term>Cytb</term><term>Cytochrome</term><term>Demographic history</term><term>Different phylogroups</term><term>Diversity indices</term><term>East weddell</term><term>Echinodermata</term><term>Ecology</term><term>Eleaume</term><term>Ews1</term><term>Ews1 ews2</term><term>Ews2</term><term>Genetic diversity</term><term>Glacial</term><term>Glacial refugia</term><term>Halanych</term><term>Haplotype</term><term>Haplotype diversity</term><term>Haplotype network</term><term>Haplotype networks</term><term>High number</term><term>High proportion</term><term>Hunter halanych</term><term>Invertebrate</term><term>Kapp norvegia</term><term>Kerguelen</term><term>Kerguelen plateau</term><term>Kerguelensis</term><term>Lineage</term><term>Linse</term><term>Marine biology</term><term>Marine invertebrates</term><term>Mitochondrial</term><term>Mitochondrial phylogroups</term><term>Molecular ecology</term><term>Multiple refugia</term><term>Nuclear phylogroups</term><term>Orkney islands</term><term>Other populations</term><term>Oxidase</term><term>Oxidase subunit</term><term>Pairwise</term><term>Philosophical transactions</term><term>Phylogroup</term><term>Phylogroups</term><term>Polar biology</term><term>Polarstern</term><term>Polymorphic</term><term>Polymorphic sites</term><term>Primer</term><term>Private haplotypes</term><term>Promachocrinus</term><term>Promachocrinus kerguelensis</term><term>Promachocrinus phylogroups</term><term>Raupach</term><term>Refugium</term><term>Research part studies</term><term>Royal society</term><term>Sampling effort</term><term>Sandwich islands</term><term>Scotia</term><term>Secondary contact</term><term>Shetland</term><term>Shetland islands</term><term>Southern ocean</term><term>Speciation</term><term>Subunit</term><term>Thatje</term><term>Wagele</term><term>Weddell</term><term>West antarctic peninsula</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Sampling at appropriate spatial scales in the Southern Ocean is logistically challenging and may influence estimates of diversity by missing intermediate representatives. With the assistance of sampling efforts especially influenced by the International Polar Year 2007–2008, we gathered nearly 1500 specimens of the crinoid species Promachocrinus kerguelensis from around Antarctica. We used phylogeographic and phylogenetic tools to assess its genetic diversity, demographic history and evolutionary relationships. Six phylogroups (A–F) identified in an earlier study are corroborated here, with the addition of one new phylogroup (E2). All phylogroups are circumpolar, sympatric and eurybathic. The phylogeny of Promachocrinus phylogroups reveals two principal clades that may represent two different cryptic species with contrasting demographic histories. Genetic diversity indices vary dramatically within phylogroups, and within populations, suggesting multiple glacial refugia in the Southern Ocean: on the Kerguelen Plateau, in the East Weddell Sea and the South Shetland Islands (Atlantic sector), and on the East Antarctic continental shelf in the Dumont d’Urville Sea and Ross Sea. The inferences of gene flow vary among the phylogroups, showing discordant spatial patterns. Phylogroup A is the only one found in the Sub‐Antarctic region, although without evident connectivity between Bouvet and Kerguelen populations. The Scotia Arc region shows high levels of connectivity between populations in most of the phylogroups, and barriers to gene flow are evident in East Antarctica.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>phylogroups</json:string><json:string>antarctic</json:string><json:string>haplotype</json:string><json:string>phylogroup</json:string><json:string>kerguelensis</json:string><json:string>ews1</json:string><json:string>promachocrinus</json:string><json:string>clade</json:string><json:string>mitochondrial</json:string><json:string>southern ocean</json:string><json:string>scotia</json:string><json:string>ews2</json:string><json:string>refugium</json:string><json:string>cytb</json:string><json:string>blackwell publishing</json:string><json:string>ecology</json:string><json:string>crinoid</json:string><json:string>promachocrinus kerguelensis</json:string><json:string>benthic</json:string><json:string>weddell</json:string><json:string>kerguelen</json:string><json:string>cryptic species</json:string><json:string>bouvet</json:string><json:string>pairwise</json:string><json:string>invertebrate</json:string><json:string>primer</json:string><json:string>cytochrome</json:string><json:string>speciation</json:string><json:string>oxidase</json:string><json:string>oxidase subunit</json:string><json:string>subunit</json:string><json:string>polymorphic</json:string><json:string>amundsen</json:string><json:string>polymorphic sites</json:string><json:string>glacial</json:string><json:string>raupach</json:string><json:string>halanych</json:string><json:string>bouvet island</json:string><json:string>thatje</json:string><json:string>eleaume</json:string><json:string>echinodermata</json:string><json:string>shetland</json:string><json:string>kerguelen plateau</json:string><json:string>west antarctic peninsula</json:string><json:string>connectivity</json:string><json:string>mitochondrial phylogroups</json:string><json:string>linse</json:string><json:string>polarstern</json:string><json:string>crinoidea</json:string><json:string>wagele</json:string><json:string>east weddell</json:string><json:string>shetland islands</json:string><json:string>private haplotypes</json:string><json:string>marine biology</json:string><json:string>kapp norvegia</json:string><json:string>molecular ecology</json:string><json:string>diversity indices</json:string><json:string>marine invertebrates</json:string><json:string>polar biology</json:string><json:string>cycling conditions</json:string><json:string>genetic diversity</json:string><json:string>antarctic peninsula</json:string><json:string>haplotype networks</json:string><json:string>ews1 ews2</json:string><json:string>sandwich islands</json:string><json:string>orkney islands</json:string><json:string>secondary contact</json:string><json:string>haplotype network</json:string><json:string>research part studies</json:string><json:string>cryptic speciation</json:string><json:string>glacial refugia</json:string><json:string>different phylogroups</json:string><json:string>high proportion</json:string><json:string>average number</json:string><json:string>high number</json:string><json:string>lineage</json:string><json:string>circumpolar</json:string><json:string>antarctica</json:string><json:string>comprehensive sampling</json:string><json:string>demographic history</json:string><json:string>other populations</json:string><json:string>multiple refugia</json:string><json:string>clarke crame</json:string><json:string>promachocrinus phylogroups</json:string><json:string>nuclear phylogroups</json:string><json:string>haplotype diversity</json:string><json:string>sampling effort</json:string><json:string>atlantic sector</json:string><json:string>philosophical transactions</json:string><json:string>royal society</json:string><json:string>hunter halanych</json:string><json:string>cryptic</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>L. G. HEMERY</name><affiliations><json:string>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>M. ELÉAUME</name><affiliations><json:string>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>V. ROUSSEL</name><affiliations><json:string>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, Station de Biologie Marine, Place de la Croix, BP 225, 29182 Concarneau Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>N. AMÉZIANE</name><affiliations><json:string>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>C. GALLUT</name><affiliations><json:string>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Évolution, UMR 7138, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>D. STEINKE</name><affiliations><json:string>Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>C. CRUAUD</name><affiliations><json:string>Genoscope, Centre National de Séquençage, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5706, 91057 Évry Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>A. COULOUX</name><affiliations><json:string>Genoscope, Centre National de Séquençage, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5706, 91057 Évry Cedex, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>N. G. WILSON</name><affiliations><json:string>The Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Antarctica</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>crinoid</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>cryptic species</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>gene flow</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>haplotype diversity</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>refugia</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>MEC5512</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/WNG-9DDBVCRT-V</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Sampling at appropriate spatial scales in the Southern Ocean is logistically challenging and may influence estimates of diversity by missing intermediate representatives. With the assistance of sampling efforts especially influenced by the International Polar Year 2007–2008, we gathered nearly 1500 specimens of the crinoid species Promachocrinus kerguelensis from around Antarctica. We used phylogeographic and phylogenetic tools to assess its genetic diversity, demographic history and evolutionary relationships. Six phylogroups (A–F) identified in an earlier study are corroborated here, with the addition of one new phylogroup (E2). All phylogroups are circumpolar, sympatric and eurybathic. The phylogeny of Promachocrinus phylogroups reveals two principal clades that may represent two different cryptic species with contrasting demographic histories. Genetic diversity indices vary dramatically within phylogroups, and within populations, suggesting multiple glacial refugia in the Southern Ocean: on the Kerguelen Plateau, in the East Weddell Sea and the South Shetland Islands (Atlantic sector), and on the East Antarctic continental shelf in the Dumont d’Urville Sea and Ross Sea. The inferences of gene flow vary among the phylogroups, showing discordant spatial patterns. Phylogroup A is the only one found in the Sub‐Antarctic region, although without evident connectivity between Bouvet and Kerguelen populations. The Scotia Arc region shows high levels of connectivity between populations in most of the phylogroups, and barriers to gene flow are evident in East Antarctica.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>9.64</score><pdfWordCount>8580</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>55945</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>17</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 793.701 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>220</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>1591</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>6</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Comprehensive sampling reveals circumpolarity and sympatry in seven mitochondrial lineages of the Southern Ocean crinoid species Promachocrinus kerguelensis (Echinodermata)</title><pmid><json:string>22469156</json:string></pmid><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><title>Molecular Ecology</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1365-294X</json:string></doi><issn><json:string>0962-1083</json:string></issn><eissn><json:string>1365-294X</json:string></eissn><publisherId><json:string>MEC</json:string></publisherId><volume>21</volume><issue>10</issue><pages><first>2502</first><last>2518</last><total>17</total></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre></host><namedEntities><unitex><date><json:string>2012</json:string><json:string>1450</json:string><json:string>1154</json:string><json:string>28S</json:string><json:string>2007</json:string><json:string>16S</json:string><json:string>1307</json:string><json:string>1429</json:string></date><geogName><json:string>Sea Ross Sea Bouvet Island</json:string><json:string>Urville Sea West Antartic Peninsula East Weddell Sea Kerguelen Plateau Amundsen Sea</json:string><json:string>Sea Mitochondrial</json:string><json:string>Davis Sea</json:string><json:string>Amundsen Sea</json:string><json:string>Amundsen Sea Davis Sea</json:string><json:string>Kerguelen Plateau Ross Sea</json:string><json:string>Orkney Islands</json:string><json:string>Urville Sea</json:string><json:string>Crozet Islands</json:string><json:string>Urville Sea East Weddell Sea</json:string><json:string>Weddell Sea</json:string><json:string>Bouvet Island</json:string><json:string>Halley</json:string></geogName><orgName><json:string>Australia Abstract Sampling</json:string><json:string>French Polar Institute IPEV</json:string><json:string>University of Genoa</json:string><json:string>Gene Codes Corporation, Ann Arbor</json:string><json:string>Genome Canada and the Ontario Genomics Institute</json:string><json:string>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</json:string><json:string>Sloan Foundation</json:string></orgName><orgName_funder></orgName_funder><orgName_provider></orgName_provider><persName><json:string>Ty Hibberd</json:string><json:string>Marine Barcode</json:string><json:string>Cytb</json:string><json:string>Paris Cedex</json:string><json:string>Owen Anderson</json:string><json:string>Stephen Palumbi</json:string><json:string>David Bowden</json:string><json:string>Sadie Mills</json:string><json:string>Clarence Island</json:string><json:string>G. Hemery</json:string><json:string>Kareen Schnabel</json:string><json:string>Lucile Perrier</json:string><json:string>Celine Bonillo</json:string><json:string>Charlotte Tarin</json:string><json:string>Peter Smith</json:string><json:string>Aurora Australis</json:string><json:string>Eva Lodde</json:string><json:string>F. Nodes</json:string><json:string>David Barnes</json:string><json:string>Jens Bohn</json:string><json:string>Guillaume Lecointre</json:string><json:string>Ross Sea</json:string><json:string>Clark Ross</json:string><json:string>Specimens</json:string><json:string>Marine Life</json:string><json:string>Jose Ignacio</json:string><json:string>Stefano Schiaparelli</json:string><json:string>Katrin Linse</json:string><json:string>Gaston Cremieux</json:string><json:string>Christoph Held</json:string></persName><placeName><json:string>Paris</json:string><json:string>Munich</json:string><json:string>Georgia</json:string><json:string>Canada</json:string><json:string>New Zealand</json:string><json:string>Weddell Sea</json:string><json:string>France</json:string><json:string>Cambridge</json:string><json:string>Chester</json:string><json:string>Hobart</json:string></placeName><ref_url><json:string>http://www.boldsystems.org</json:string></ref_url><ref_bibl><json:string>Zachos et al. 2001</json:string><json:string>Hall 1999</json:string><json:string>Patterson & Sievers 1980</json:string><json:string>Ivanova et al.</json:string><json:string>Meyer & Paulay 2005</json:string><json:string>Schuller 2011</json:string><json:string>Arango et al. 2011</json:string><json:string>McClintock & Pearse 1987</json:string><json:string>Wilson et al. 2007</json:string><json:string>Raupach et al. 2010</json:string><json:string>Wilson et al. 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(2006)</json:string><json:string>Wilson et al. 2009</json:string><json:string>Raupach & Wagele 2006</json:string><json:string>Brandao et al. 2010</json:string><json:string>Baird et al. 2011</json:string><json:string>Nikula et al. 2010</json:string><json:string>Held & Wagele 2005</json:string><json:string>Allcock et al. 2011</json:string><json:string>Thornhill et al. 2008</json:string><json:string>Havermans et al. 2011</json:string><json:string>see reviews in Clarke & Crame 1992, 2010</json:string><json:string>1993, 2000</json:string><json:string>Jobb 2008</json:string><json:string>Thatje et al. 2005, 2008</json:string><json:string>Fraser et al. 2009</json:string><json:string>Maggs et al. 2008</json:string></ref_bibl><bibl></bibl></unitex></namedEntities><ark><json:string>ark:/67375/WNG-9DDBVCRT-V</json:string></ark><categories><wos><json:string>1 - science</json:string><json:string>2 - evolutionary biology</json:string><json:string>2 - ecology</json:string><json:string>2 - biochemistry & molecular biology</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>1 - natural sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - biology</json:string><json:string>3 - evolutionary biology</json:string></scienceMetrix><scopus><json:string>1 - Life Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology</json:string><json:string>3 - Genetics</json:string><json:string>1 - Life Sciences</json:string><json:string>2 - Agricultural and Biological Sciences</json:string><json:string>3 - Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics</json:string></scopus><inist><json:string>1 - sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string><json:string>2 - sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string><json:string>3 - sciences biologiques fondamentales et appliquees. psychologie</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>2012</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2012</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05512.x</json:string></doi><id>38367215B1A1CB21046CA65E5B774DEE844B3584</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/38367215B1A1CB21046CA65E5B774DEE844B3584/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/38367215B1A1CB21046CA65E5B774DEE844B3584/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/38367215B1A1CB21046CA65E5B774DEE844B3584/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main">Comprehensive sampling reveals circumpolarity and sympatry in seven mitochondrial lineages of the Southern Ocean crinoid species <hi rend="italic">Promachocrinus kerguelensis</hi> (Echinodermata)</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><availability><licence>© 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</licence></availability><date type="published" when="2012-05"></date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content-type" subtype="article" source="article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</note><note type="publication-type" subtype="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="article"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">Comprehensive sampling reveals circumpolarity and sympatry in seven mitochondrial lineages of the Southern Ocean crinoid species <hi rend="italic">Promachocrinus kerguelensis</hi> (Echinodermata)</title><title level="a" type="short">CIRCUMPOLARITY OF SEVEN COI CRINOID LINEAGES</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">L. G.</forename><surname>HEMERY</surname></persName><affiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France<address><country key="FR"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">M.</forename><surname>ELÉAUME</surname></persName><affiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France<address><country key="FR"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">V.</forename><surname>ROUSSEL</surname></persName><affiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, Station de Biologie Marine, Place de la Croix, BP 225, 29182 Concarneau Cedex, France<address><country key="FR"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">N.</forename><surname>AMÉZIANE</surname></persName><affiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France<address><country key="FR"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">C.</forename><surname>GALLUT</surname></persName><affiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Évolution, UMR 7138, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France<address><country key="FR"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005"><persName><forename type="first">D.</forename><surname>STEINKE</surname></persName><affiliation>Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1<address><country key="CA"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0006"><persName><forename type="first">C.</forename><surname>CRUAUD</surname></persName><affiliation>Genoscope, Centre National de Séquençage, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5706, 91057 Évry Cedex, France<address><country key="FR"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0007"><persName><forename type="first">A.</forename><surname>COULOUX</surname></persName><affiliation>Genoscope, Centre National de Séquençage, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5706, 91057 Évry Cedex, France<address><country key="FR"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0008"><persName><forename type="first">N. G.</forename><surname>WILSON</surname></persName><affiliation>The Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia<address><country key="AU"></country></address></affiliation></author><idno type="istex">38367215B1A1CB21046CA65E5B774DEE844B3584</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-9DDBVCRT-V</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05512.x</idno><idno type="unit">MEC5512</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:MEC.MEC5512.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Molecular Ecology</title><title level="j" type="alt">MOLECULAR ECOLOGY</title><idno type="pISSN">0962-1083</idno><idno type="eISSN">1365-294X</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-294X</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1111/mec.2012.21.issue-10</idno><idno type="product">MEC</idno><idno type="publisherDivision">ST</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">21</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">10</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="2502">2502</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="2518">2518</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">17</biblScope><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2012-05"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><abstract xml:lang="en" style="main"><head>Abstract</head><p>Sampling at appropriate spatial scales in the Southern Ocean is logistically challenging and may influence estimates of diversity by missing intermediate representatives. With the assistance of sampling efforts especially influenced by the International Polar Year 2007–2008, we gathered nearly 1500 specimens of the crinoid species <hi rend="italic">Promachocrinus kerguelensis</hi> from around Antarctica. We used phylogeographic and phylogenetic tools to assess its genetic diversity, demographic history and evolutionary relationships. Six phylogroups (A–F) identified in an earlier study are corroborated here, with the addition of one new phylogroup (E2). All phylogroups are circumpolar, sympatric and eurybathic. The phylogeny of <hi rend="italic">Promachocrinus</hi> phylogroups reveals two principal clades that may represent two different cryptic species with contrasting demographic histories. Genetic diversity indices vary dramatically within phylogroups, and within populations, suggesting multiple glacial refugia in the Southern Ocean: on the Kerguelen Plateau, in the East Weddell Sea and the South Shetland Islands (Atlantic sector), and on the East Antarctic continental shelf in the Dumont d’Urville Sea and Ross Sea. The inferences of gene flow vary among the phylogroups, showing discordant spatial patterns. Phylogroup A is the only one found in the Sub‐Antarctic region, although without evident connectivity between Bouvet and Kerguelen populations. The Scotia Arc region shows high levels of connectivity between populations in most of the phylogroups, and barriers to gene flow are evident in East Antarctica.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords xml:lang="en"><term xml:id="k1">Antarctica</term><term xml:id="k2">crinoid</term><term xml:id="k3">cryptic species</term><term xml:id="k4">gene flow</term><term xml:id="k5">haplotype diversity</term><term xml:id="k6">refugia</term></keywords><keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</term></keywords><keywords rend="tocHeading2"><term>Phylogeography</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/38367215B1A1CB21046CA65E5B774DEE844B3584/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-294X</doi><issn type="print">0962-1083</issn><issn type="electronic">1365-294X</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="MEC"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="MOLECULAR ECOLOGY">Molecular Ecology</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="05110"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/mec.2012.21.issue-10</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="21">21</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="10">10</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2012-05">May 2012</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="17" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05512.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="MEC5512"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="17"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="tocHeading1">ORIGINAL ARTICLES</title><title type="tocHeading2">Phylogeography</title></titleGroup><copyright>© 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</copyright><eventGroup><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:3.1.3 standalone mode:FullText" date="2012-05-01"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2012-03-31"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2012-03-31"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2012-05-01"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:4.0.1" date="2014-03-20"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.3.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-02-25"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="2502">2502</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="2518">2518</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>Lenaïg G. Hemery, Fax: 33140793771; E‐mail: <email>lhemery@mnhn.fr</email></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:MEC.MEC5512.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received 11 September 2011; revision received 10 January 2012; accepted 25 January 2012</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="figureTotal" number="7"></count><count type="tableTotal" number="5"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Comprehensive sampling reveals circumpolarity and sympatry in seven mitochondrial lineages of the Southern Ocean crinoid species <i>Promachocrinus kerguelensis</i> (Echinodermata)</title><title type="shortAuthors">L. G. HEMERY <i>ET AL.</i></title><title type="short">CIRCUMPOLARITY OF SEVEN COI CRINOID LINEAGES</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>L. G.</givenNames><familyName>HEMERY</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>M.</givenNames><familyName>ELÉAUME</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a2"><personName><givenNames>V.</givenNames><familyName>ROUSSEL</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>N.</givenNames><familyName>AMÉZIANE</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>C.</givenNames><familyName>GALLUT</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr6" affiliationRef="#a4"><personName><givenNames>D.</givenNames><familyName>STEINKE</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr7" affiliationRef="#a5"><personName><givenNames>C.</givenNames><familyName>CRUAUD</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr8" affiliationRef="#a5"><personName><givenNames>A.</givenNames><familyName>COULOUX</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr9" affiliationRef="#a6"><personName><givenNames>N. G.</givenNames><familyName>WILSON</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="FR"><unparsedAffiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="FR"><unparsedAffiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, Station de Biologie Marine, Place de la Croix, BP 225, 29182 Concarneau Cedex, France</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3" countryCode="FR"><unparsedAffiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Évolution, UMR 7138, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a4" countryCode="CA"><unparsedAffiliation>Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a5" countryCode="FR"><unparsedAffiliation>Genoscope, Centre National de Séquençage, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5706, 91057 Évry Cedex, France</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a6" countryCode="AU"><unparsedAffiliation>The Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">Antarctica</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">crinoid</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">cryptic species</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">gene flow</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">haplotype diversity</keyword><keyword xml:id="k6">refugia</keyword></keywordGroup><supportingInformation><p><b>Table S1</b> Sampling location details, haplotype
details and sequences accession numbers of all
<i>Promachocrinus</i> specimens.</p><p><b>Fig. S1</b> Distribution maps for the seven
phylogroups A, B, C, D, E1, E2 and F of the <i>P. kerguelensis</i> complex in the Southern Ocean.</p><p><b>Fig. S2</b> Observed and simulated mismatch
distributions under models of demographic expansion and spatial
expansion for each population of the seven phylogroups A, B, C, D,
E1, E2 and F of the <i>P. kerguelensis</i> complex.</p><supportingInfoItem><mediaResource alt="supporting info item" href="urn-x:wiley:09621083:media:mec5512:MEC_5512_sm_FigS1-S2"></mediaResource><caption>Supporting info item</caption></supportingInfoItem><supportingInfoItem><mediaResource alt="supporting info item" href="urn-x:wiley:09621083:media:mec5512:MEC_5512_sm_suppmatcaptions"></mediaResource><caption>Supporting info item</caption></supportingInfoItem><supportingInfoItem><mediaResource alt="supporting info item" href="urn-x:wiley:09621083:media:mec5512:MEC_5512_sm_TableS1"></mediaResource><caption>Supporting info item</caption></supportingInfoItem></supportingInformation><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">Abstract</title><p>Sampling at appropriate spatial scales in the Southern Ocean is logistically challenging and may influence estimates of diversity by missing intermediate representatives. With the assistance of sampling efforts especially influenced by the International Polar Year 2007–2008, we gathered nearly 1500 specimens of the crinoid species <i>Promachocrinus kerguelensis</i> from around Antarctica. We used phylogeographic and phylogenetic tools to assess its genetic diversity, demographic history and evolutionary relationships. Six phylogroups (A–F) identified in an earlier study are corroborated here, with the addition of one new phylogroup (E2). All phylogroups are circumpolar, sympatric and eurybathic. The phylogeny of <i>Promachocrinus</i> phylogroups reveals two principal clades that may represent two different cryptic species with contrasting demographic histories. Genetic diversity indices vary dramatically within phylogroups, and within populations, suggesting multiple glacial refugia in the Southern Ocean: on the Kerguelen Plateau, in the East Weddell Sea and the South Shetland Islands (Atlantic sector), and on the East Antarctic continental shelf in the Dumont d’Urville Sea and Ross Sea. The inferences of gene flow vary among the phylogroups, showing discordant spatial patterns. Phylogroup A is the only one found in the Sub‐Antarctic region, although without evident connectivity between Bouvet and Kerguelen populations. The Scotia Arc region shows high levels of connectivity between populations in most of the phylogroups, and barriers to gene flow are evident in East Antarctica.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Comprehensive sampling reveals circumpolarity and sympatry in seven mitochondrial lineages of the Southern Ocean crinoid species Promachocrinus kerguelensis (Echinodermata)</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>CIRCUMPOLARITY OF SEVEN COI CRINOID LINEAGES</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Comprehensive sampling reveals circumpolarity and sympatry in seven mitochondrial lineages of the Southern Ocean crinoid species Promachocrinus kerguelensis (Echinodermata)</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">L. G.</namePart><namePart type="family">HEMERY</namePart><affiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.</namePart><namePart type="family">ELÉAUME</namePart><affiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">V.</namePart><namePart type="family">ROUSSEL</namePart><affiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, Station de Biologie Marine, Place de la Croix, BP 225, 29182 Concarneau Cedex, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">N.</namePart><namePart type="family">AMÉZIANE</namePart><affiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département des Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques, UMR 7208, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.</namePart><namePart type="family">GALLUT</namePart><affiliation>Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Évolution, UMR 7138, CP26, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">D.</namePart><namePart type="family">STEINKE</namePart><affiliation>Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C.</namePart><namePart type="family">CRUAUD</namePart><affiliation>Genoscope, Centre National de Séquençage, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5706, 91057 Évry Cedex, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.</namePart><namePart type="family">COULOUX</namePart><affiliation>Genoscope, Centre National de Séquençage, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux, CP5706, 91057 Évry Cedex, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">N. G.</namePart><namePart type="family">WILSON</namePart><affiliation>The Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2012-05</dateIssued><edition>Received 11 September 2011; revision received 10 January 2012; accepted 25 January 2012</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2012</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><extent unit="figures">7</extent><extent unit="tables">5</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Sampling at appropriate spatial scales in the Southern Ocean is logistically challenging and may influence estimates of diversity by missing intermediate representatives. With the assistance of sampling efforts especially influenced by the International Polar Year 2007–2008, we gathered nearly 1500 specimens of the crinoid species Promachocrinus kerguelensis from around Antarctica. We used phylogeographic and phylogenetic tools to assess its genetic diversity, demographic history and evolutionary relationships. Six phylogroups (A–F) identified in an earlier study are corroborated here, with the addition of one new phylogroup (E2). All phylogroups are circumpolar, sympatric and eurybathic. The phylogeny of Promachocrinus phylogroups reveals two principal clades that may represent two different cryptic species with contrasting demographic histories. Genetic diversity indices vary dramatically within phylogroups, and within populations, suggesting multiple glacial refugia in the Southern Ocean: on the Kerguelen Plateau, in the East Weddell Sea and the South Shetland Islands (Atlantic sector), and on the East Antarctic continental shelf in the Dumont d’Urville Sea and Ross Sea. The inferences of gene flow vary among the phylogroups, showing discordant spatial patterns. Phylogroup A is the only one found in the Sub‐Antarctic region, although without evident connectivity between Bouvet and Kerguelen populations. The Scotia Arc region shows high levels of connectivity between populations in most of the phylogroups, and barriers to gene flow are evident in East Antarctica.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>Antarctica</topic><topic>crinoid</topic><topic>cryptic species</topic><topic>gene flow</topic><topic>haplotype diversity</topic><topic>refugia</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Molecular Ecology</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><note type="content"> Table S1 Sampling location details, haplotype details and sequences accession numbers of all Promachocrinus specimens. Fig. S1 Distribution maps for the seven phylogroups A, B, C, D, E1, E2 and F of the P. kerguelensis complex in the Southern Ocean. Fig. S2 Observed and simulated mismatch distributions under models of demographic expansion and spatial expansion for each population of the seven phylogroups A, B, C, D, E1, E2 and F of the P. kerguelensis complex. Table S1 Sampling location details, haplotype details and sequences accession numbers of all Promachocrinus specimens. Fig. S1 Distribution maps for the seven phylogroups A, B, C, D, E1, E2 and F of the P. kerguelensis complex in the Southern Ocean. Fig. S2 Observed and simulated mismatch distributions under models of demographic expansion and spatial expansion for each population of the seven phylogroups A, B, C, D, E1, E2 and F of the P. kerguelensis complex. Table S1 Sampling location details, haplotype details and sequences accession numbers of all Promachocrinus specimens. Fig. S1 Distribution maps for the seven phylogroups A, B, C, D, E1, E2 and F of the P. kerguelensis complex in the Southern Ocean. Fig. S2 Observed and simulated mismatch distributions under models of demographic expansion and spatial expansion for each population of the seven phylogroups A, B, C, D, E1, E2 and F of the P. kerguelensis complex.Supporting Info Item: Supporting info item - Supporting info item - Supporting info item - </note><identifier type="ISSN">0962-1083</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1365-294X</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1365-294X</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">MEC</identifier><part><date>2012</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>21</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>10</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>2502</start><end>2518</end><total>17</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">38367215B1A1CB21046CA65E5B774DEE844B3584</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-9DDBVCRT-V</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05512.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">MEC5512</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">© 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-L0C46X92-X">wiley</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods><json:item><extension>json</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/json</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/38367215B1A1CB21046CA65E5B774DEE844B3584/metadata/json</uri></json:item></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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