Vegetation changes following sheep grazing in abandoned mountain meadows
Identifieur interne : 000753 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000752; suivant : 000754Vegetation changes following sheep grazing in abandoned mountain meadows
Auteurs : František Krahulec ; Hana Skálová ; Tomáš Herben ; V Ra Hadincová ; Radka Wildová ; Sylvie Pechá KováSource :
- Applied Vegetation Science [ 1402-2001 ] ; 2001-06.
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- KwdEn :
Abstract
Abstract. Sheep grazing was investigated as an alternative to traditional management of meadows in the Krkonoše Mts. Until the second World War these meadows were mown in mid‐summer and grazed by cattle for the rest of the season. Subsequent abandonment of the meadows has resulted in decreasing species richness. Degradation phases of the former communities have been replacing the original species‐rich vegetation. Significant changes were apparent six years after the introduction of sheep grazing. In grazed plots the proportion of dominant herbs (Polygonum bistorta and Hypericum maculatum) decreased and grasses (Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum alpinum) increased. The increase in grasses was positively correlated with an increase in several herbs. The proportion of some herbs increased despite being selectively grazed (Adenostyles alliariae, Melandrium rubrum, Veratrum lobelianum). Any losses caused by grazing of mature plants were probably compensated by successful seedling establishment. Cessation of grazing resulted in significant changes in vegetation within three years. The cover of nitrophilous tall herbs and grasses (e.g. Rumex alpestris, Holcus mollis, Deschampsia cespitosa, Geranium sylvaticum) increased in the abandoned plots. In the plots grazed for nine years cover of species‐rich mountain meadow species increased (e.g. fine‐leaved grasses, Campanula bohemica, Potentilla aurea, Viola lutea, Silene vulgaris). The main conservation risk is the expansion of a competitive species with low palatability, Deschampsia cespitosa. This species can be suppressed by a combination of grazing and mowing. In order for grazing to be effective, the number of sheep should be proportional to meadow production. This may be difficult to maintain as production is variable and is impossible to predict at the beginning of a growing season. A large part of the biomass may thus remain intact in some years. Negative effects of grazing may be, at least partly, eliminated by a combination of cutting and grazing.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-109X.2001.tb00239.x
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of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hadincova, V Ra" sort="Hadincova, V Ra" uniqKey="Hadincova V" first="V Ra" last="Hadincová">V Ra Hadincová</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wildova, Radka" sort="Wildova, Radka" uniqKey="Wildova R" first="Radka" last="Wildová">Radka Wildová</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pecha Kova, Sylvie" sort="Pecha Kova, Sylvie" uniqKey="Pecha Kova S" first="Sylvie" last="Pechá Ková">Sylvie Pechá Ková</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech 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uniqKey="Skalova H" first="Hana" last="Skálová">Hana Skálová</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Herben, Tomas" sort="Herben, Tomas" uniqKey="Herben T" first="Tomáš" last="Herben">Tomáš Herben</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hadincova, V Ra" sort="Hadincova, V Ra" uniqKey="Hadincova V" first="V Ra" last="Hadincová">V Ra Hadincová</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wildova, Radka" sort="Wildova, Radka" uniqKey="Wildova R" first="Radka" last="Wildová">Radka Wildová</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pecha Kova, Sylvie" sort="Pecha Kova, Sylvie" uniqKey="Pecha Kova S" first="Sylvie" last="Pechá Ková">Sylvie Pechá Ková</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Applied Vegetation Science</title><idno type="ISSN">1402-2001</idno><idno type="eISSN">1654-109X</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2001-06">2001-06</date><biblScope unit="volume">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="97">97</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="102">102</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1402-2001</idno></series><idno type="istex">7291E621ECAACBBEB7ACFE0E3525BC0369666A61</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1654-109X.2001.tb00239.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">AVSC239</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1402-2001</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Grassland</term><term>Management</term><term>Nature conservation</term><term>Sudeten Mts</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract. Sheep grazing was investigated as an alternative to traditional management of meadows in the Krkonoše Mts. Until the second World War these meadows were mown in mid‐summer and grazed by cattle for the rest of the season. Subsequent abandonment of the meadows has resulted in decreasing species richness. Degradation phases of the former communities have been replacing the original species‐rich vegetation. Significant changes were apparent six years after the introduction of sheep grazing. In grazed plots the proportion of dominant herbs (Polygonum bistorta and Hypericum maculatum) decreased and grasses (Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum alpinum) increased. The increase in grasses was positively correlated with an increase in several herbs. The proportion of some herbs increased despite being selectively grazed (Adenostyles alliariae, Melandrium rubrum, Veratrum lobelianum). Any losses caused by grazing of mature plants were probably compensated by successful seedling establishment. Cessation of grazing resulted in significant changes in vegetation within three years. The cover of nitrophilous tall herbs and grasses (e.g. Rumex alpestris, Holcus mollis, Deschampsia cespitosa, Geranium sylvaticum) increased in the abandoned plots. In the plots grazed for nine years cover of species‐rich mountain meadow species increased (e.g. fine‐leaved grasses, Campanula bohemica, Potentilla aurea, Viola lutea, Silene vulgaris). The main conservation risk is the expansion of a competitive species with low palatability, Deschampsia cespitosa. This species can be suppressed by a combination of grazing and mowing. In order for grazing to be effective, the number of sheep should be proportional to meadow production. This may be difficult to maintain as production is variable and is impossible to predict at the beginning of a growing season. A large part of the biomass may thus remain intact in some years. Negative effects of grazing may be, at least partly, eliminated by a combination of cutting and grazing.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><author><json:item><name>František Krahulec</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Hana Skálová</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Tomáš Herben</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Věra Hadincová</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Radka Wildová</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Sylvie Pecháčková</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Grassland</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Management</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Nature conservation</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Sudeten Mts</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>AVSC239</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><abstract>Abstract. Sheep grazing was investigated as an alternative to traditional management of meadows in the Krkonoše Mts. Until the second World War these meadows were mown in mid‐summer and grazed by cattle for the rest of the season. Subsequent abandonment of the meadows has resulted in decreasing species richness. Degradation phases of the former communities have been replacing the original species‐rich vegetation. Significant changes were apparent six years after the introduction of sheep grazing. In grazed plots the proportion of dominant herbs (Polygonum bistorta and Hypericum maculatum) decreased and grasses (Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum alpinum) increased. The increase in grasses was positively correlated with an increase in several herbs. The proportion of some herbs increased despite being selectively grazed (Adenostyles alliariae, Melandrium rubrum, Veratrum lobelianum). Any losses caused by grazing of mature plants were probably compensated by successful seedling establishment. Cessation of grazing resulted in significant changes in vegetation within three years. The cover of nitrophilous tall herbs and grasses (e.g. Rumex alpestris, Holcus mollis, Deschampsia cespitosa, Geranium sylvaticum) increased in the abandoned plots. In the plots grazed for nine years cover of species‐rich mountain meadow species increased (e.g. fine‐leaved grasses, Campanula bohemica, Potentilla aurea, Viola lutea, Silene vulgaris). The main conservation risk is the expansion of a competitive species with low palatability, Deschampsia cespitosa. This species can be suppressed by a combination of grazing and mowing. In order for grazing to be effective, the number of sheep should be proportional to meadow production. This may be difficult to maintain as production is variable and is impossible to predict at the beginning of a growing season. A large part of the biomass may thus remain intact in some years. Negative effects of grazing may be, at least partly, eliminated by a combination of cutting and grazing.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.56</score><pdfVersion>1.5</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595 x 780 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>4</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>2068</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>3560</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>24644</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>6</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>299</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Vegetation changes following sheep grazing in abandoned mountain meadows</title><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><volume>4</volume><publisherId><json:string>AVSC</json:string></publisherId><pages><total>6</total><last>102</last><first>97</first></pages><issn><json:string>1402-2001</json:string></issn><issue>1</issue><genre><json:string>Journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><eissn><json:string>1654-109X</json:string></eissn><title>Applied Vegetation Science</title><doi><json:string>10.1111/(ISSN)1654-109X</json:string></doi></host><publicationDate>2001</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2001</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1111/j.1654-109X.2001.tb00239.x</json:string></doi><id>7291E621ECAACBBEB7ACFE0E3525BC0369666A61</id><fulltext><json:item><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><extension>pdf</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/7291E621ECAACBBEB7ACFE0E3525BC0369666A61/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><extension>zip</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/7291E621ECAACBBEB7ACFE0E3525BC0369666A61/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/7291E621ECAACBBEB7ACFE0E3525BC0369666A61/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Vegetation changes following sheep grazing in abandoned mountain meadows</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><availability><p>WILEY</p></availability><date>2001</date></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Vegetation changes following sheep grazing in abandoned mountain meadows</title><author><persName><forename type="first">František</forename><surname>Krahulec</surname></persName><note type="correspondence"><p>Correspondence: Corresponding author: Fax +420 2 67750031; E‐mail</p></note><affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Hana</forename><surname>Skálová</surname></persName><affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Tomáš</forename><surname>Herben</surname></persName><affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Věra</forename><surname>Hadincová</surname></persName><affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Radka</forename><surname>Wildová</surname></persName><affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</affiliation></author><author><persName><forename type="first">Sylvie</forename><surname>Pecháčková</surname></persName><affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Applied Vegetation Science</title><idno type="pISSN">1402-2001</idno><idno type="eISSN">1654-109X</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1654-109X</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><pubPlace>Oxford, UK</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2001-06"></date><biblScope unit="volume">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="97">97</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="102">102</biblScope></imprint></monogr><idno type="istex">7291E621ECAACBBEB7ACFE0E3525BC0369666A61</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/j.1654-109X.2001.tb00239.x</idno><idno type="ArticleID">AVSC239</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2001</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Abstract. Sheep grazing was investigated as an alternative to traditional management of meadows in the Krkonoše Mts. Until the second World War these meadows were mown in mid‐summer and grazed by cattle for the rest of the season. Subsequent abandonment of the meadows has resulted in decreasing species richness. Degradation phases of the former communities have been replacing the original species‐rich vegetation. Significant changes were apparent six years after the introduction of sheep grazing. In grazed plots the proportion of dominant herbs (Polygonum bistorta and Hypericum maculatum) decreased and grasses (Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum alpinum) increased. The increase in grasses was positively correlated with an increase in several herbs. The proportion of some herbs increased despite being selectively grazed (Adenostyles alliariae, Melandrium rubrum, Veratrum lobelianum). Any losses caused by grazing of mature plants were probably compensated by successful seedling establishment. Cessation of grazing resulted in significant changes in vegetation within three years. The cover of nitrophilous tall herbs and grasses (e.g. Rumex alpestris, Holcus mollis, Deschampsia cespitosa, Geranium sylvaticum) increased in the abandoned plots. In the plots grazed for nine years cover of species‐rich mountain meadow species increased (e.g. fine‐leaved grasses, Campanula bohemica, Potentilla aurea, Viola lutea, Silene vulgaris). The main conservation risk is the expansion of a competitive species with low palatability, Deschampsia cespitosa. This species can be suppressed by a combination of grazing and mowing. In order for grazing to be effective, the number of sheep should be proportional to meadow production. This may be difficult to maintain as production is variable and is impossible to predict at the beginning of a growing season. A large part of the biomass may thus remain intact in some years. Negative effects of grazing may be, at least partly, eliminated by a combination of cutting and grazing.</p></abstract><textClass xml:lang="en"><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Grassland</term></item><item><term>Management</term></item><item><term>Nature conservation</term></item><item><term>Sudeten Mts</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2001-06">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><extension>txt</extension><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/7291E621ECAACBBEB7ACFE0E3525BC0369666A61/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisherName><publisherLoc>Oxford, UK</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1111/(ISSN)1654-109X</doi><issn type="print">1402-2001</issn><issn type="electronic">1654-109X</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="AVSC"></id><id type="publisherDivision" value="ST"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="APPLIED VEGETATION SCIENCE">Applied Vegetation Science</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="06101"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/avsc.2001.4.issue-1</doi><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="4">4</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue" number="1">1</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2001-06">June 2001</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" type="article" position="12" status="forIssue"><doi origin="wiley">10.1111/j.1654-109X.2001.tb00239.x</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="AVSC239"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="6"></count></countGroup><copyright>2001 IAVS ‐ the International Association of Vegetation Science</copyright><eventGroup><event type="firstOnline" date="2009-02-24"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2009-02-24"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:BPG_TO_WML3G version:3.1.9 mode:FullText" date="2012-11-16"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:4.0.1" date="2014-03-15"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.1.7 mode:FullText,remove_FC" date="2014-10-15"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst" number="97">97</numbering><numbering type="pageLast" number="102">102</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo> Corresponding author: Fax +420 2 67750031; E‐mail <email>krahulec@ibot.cas.cz</email></correspondenceTo><linkGroup><link type="toTypesetVersion" href="file:AVSC.AVSC239.pdf"></link></linkGroup></publicationMeta><contentMeta><unparsedEditorialHistory>Received 13 April 2000; Received 4 December 2000; Accepted 14 March 2001</unparsedEditorialHistory><countGroup><count type="referenceTotal" number="13"></count><count type="linksCrossRef" number="7"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="main">Vegetation changes following sheep grazing in abandoned mountain meadows</title></titleGroup><creators><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr1" affiliationRef="#a1" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>František</givenNames><familyName>Krahulec</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Hana</givenNames><familyName>Skálová</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Tomáš</givenNames><familyName>Herben</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Věra</givenNames><familyName>Hadincová</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr5" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Radka</givenNames><familyName>Wildová</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr6" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>Sylvie</givenNames><familyName>Pecháčková</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="CZ"><unparsedAffiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">Grassland</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">Management</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">Nature conservation</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">Sudeten Mts</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><p><b>Abstract. </b> Sheep grazing was investigated as an alternative to traditional management of meadows in the Krkonoše Mts. Until the second World War these meadows were mown in mid‐summer and grazed by cattle for the rest of the season. Subsequent abandonment of the meadows has resulted in decreasing species richness. Degradation phases of the former communities have been replacing the original species‐rich vegetation. Significant changes were apparent six years after the introduction of sheep grazing. In grazed plots the proportion of dominant herbs (<i>Polygonum bistorta and Hypericum maculatum</i>) decreased and grasses (<i>Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum alpinum</i>) increased. The increase in grasses was positively correlated with an increase in several herbs. The proportion of some herbs increased despite being selectively grazed (<i>Adenostyles alliariae, Melandrium rubrum, Veratrum lobelianum</i>). Any losses caused by grazing of mature plants were probably compensated by successful seedling establishment. Cessation of grazing resulted in significant changes in vegetation within three years. The cover of nitrophilous tall herbs and grasses (e.g. <i>Rumex alpestris, Holcus mollis, Deschampsia cespitosa, Geranium sylvaticum</i>) increased in the abandoned plots. In the plots grazed for nine years cover of species‐rich mountain meadow species increased (e.g. fine‐leaved grasses, <i>Campanula bohemica, Potentilla aurea, Viola lutea, Silene vulgaris</i>). The main conservation risk is the expansion of a competitive species with low palatability, <i>Deschampsia cespitosa.</i> This species can be suppressed by a combination of grazing and mowing. In order for grazing to be effective, the number of sheep should be proportional to meadow production. This may be difficult to maintain as production is variable and is impossible to predict at the beginning of a growing season. A large part of the biomass may thus remain intact in some years. Negative effects of grazing may be, at least partly, eliminated by a combination of cutting and grazing.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Vegetation changes following sheep grazing in abandoned mountain meadows</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Vegetation changes following sheep grazing in abandoned mountain meadows</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">František</namePart><namePart type="family">Krahulec</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</affiliation><description>Correspondence: Corresponding author: Fax +420 2 67750031; E‐mail </description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Hana</namePart><namePart type="family">Skálová</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Tomáš</namePart><namePart type="family">Herben</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Věra</namePart><namePart type="family">Hadincová</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Radka</namePart><namePart type="family">Wildová</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Sylvie</namePart><namePart type="family">Pecháčková</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, CZ‐0252 43 Průonice, Czech Republic</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2001-06</dateIssued><edition>Received 13 April 2000; Received 4 December 2000; Accepted 14 March 2001</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2001</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="references">13</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Abstract. Sheep grazing was investigated as an alternative to traditional management of meadows in the Krkonoše Mts. Until the second World War these meadows were mown in mid‐summer and grazed by cattle for the rest of the season. Subsequent abandonment of the meadows has resulted in decreasing species richness. Degradation phases of the former communities have been replacing the original species‐rich vegetation. Significant changes were apparent six years after the introduction of sheep grazing. In grazed plots the proportion of dominant herbs (Polygonum bistorta and Hypericum maculatum) decreased and grasses (Deschampsia cespitosa, Festuca rubra, Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum alpinum) increased. The increase in grasses was positively correlated with an increase in several herbs. The proportion of some herbs increased despite being selectively grazed (Adenostyles alliariae, Melandrium rubrum, Veratrum lobelianum). Any losses caused by grazing of mature plants were probably compensated by successful seedling establishment. Cessation of grazing resulted in significant changes in vegetation within three years. The cover of nitrophilous tall herbs and grasses (e.g. Rumex alpestris, Holcus mollis, Deschampsia cespitosa, Geranium sylvaticum) increased in the abandoned plots. In the plots grazed for nine years cover of species‐rich mountain meadow species increased (e.g. fine‐leaved grasses, Campanula bohemica, Potentilla aurea, Viola lutea, Silene vulgaris). The main conservation risk is the expansion of a competitive species with low palatability, Deschampsia cespitosa. This species can be suppressed by a combination of grazing and mowing. In order for grazing to be effective, the number of sheep should be proportional to meadow production. This may be difficult to maintain as production is variable and is impossible to predict at the beginning of a growing season. A large part of the biomass may thus remain intact in some years. Negative effects of grazing may be, at least partly, eliminated by a combination of cutting and grazing.</abstract><subject lang="en"><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Grassland</topic><topic>Management</topic><topic>Nature conservation</topic><topic>Sudeten Mts</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Applied Vegetation Science</title></titleInfo><genre type="Journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">1402-2001</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1654-109X</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1654-109X</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">AVSC</identifier><part><date>2001</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>4</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>1</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>97</start><end>102</end><total>6</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">7291E621ECAACBBEB7ACFE0E3525BC0369666A61</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1654-109X.2001.tb00239.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">AVSC239</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">2001 IAVS ‐ the International Association of Vegetation Science</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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