Unique paleopathology in a pre-Columbian mummy remnant from Southern Peru--severe cervical rotation trauma with subluxation of the axis as cause of death.
Identifieur interne : 000297 ( PubMed/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000296; suivant : 000298Unique paleopathology in a pre-Columbian mummy remnant from Southern Peru--severe cervical rotation trauma with subluxation of the axis as cause of death.
Auteurs : Roman Sokiranski [Allemagne] ; Wolfgang Pirsig ; Hans-Peter Richter ; Sandra Lösch ; Ulrich Struck ; Andreas G. NerlichSource :
- Acta neurochirurgica [ 0942-0940 ] ; 2011.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult, Atlanto-Axial Joint (injuries), Atlanto-Axial Joint (pathology), Cause of Death, Cervical Vertebrae (injuries), Cervical Vertebrae (pathology), Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal (history), History, Ancient, Humans, Joint Dislocations (history), Joint Dislocations (pathology), Male, Middle Aged, Mummies (history), Mummies (pathology), Odontoid Process (injuries), Odontoid Process (pathology), Paleopathology, Peru, Spinal Cord Compression (history), Spinal Injuries (history), Spinal Injuries (pathology).
- MESH :
- history : Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal, Joint Dislocations, Mummies, Spinal Cord Compression, Spinal Injuries.
- injuries : Atlanto-Axial Joint, Cervical Vertebrae, Odontoid Process.
- pathology : Atlanto-Axial Joint, Cervical Vertebrae, Joint Dislocations, Mummies, Odontoid Process, Spinal Injuries.
- Adult, Cause of Death, History, Ancient, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Paleopathology, Peru.
Abstract
We describe the multidisciplinary findings in a pre-Columbian mummy head from Southern Peru (Cahuachi, Nazca civilisation, radiocarbon dating between 120 and 750 AD) of a mature male individual (40-60 years) with the first two vertebrae attached in pathological position. Accordingly, the atlanto-axial transition (C1/C2) was significantly rotated and dislocated at 38° angle associated with a bulging brownish mass that considerably reduced the spinal canal by circa 60%. Using surface microscopy, endoscopy, high-resolution multi-slice computer tomography, paleohistology and immunohistochemistry, we identified an extensive epidural hematoma of the upper cervical spinal canal-extending into the skull cavity-obviously due to a rupture of the left vertebral artery at its transition between atlas and skull base. There were no signs of fractures of the skull or vertebrae. Histological and immunohistochemical examinations clearly identified dura, brain residues and densely packed corpuscular elements that proved to represent fresh epidural hematoma. Subsequent biochemical analysis provided no evidence for pre-mortal cocaine consumption. Stable isotope analysis, however, revealed significant and repeated changes in the nutrition during his last 9 months, suggesting high mobility. Finally, the significant narrowing of the rotational atlanto-axial dislocation and the epidural hematoma probably caused compression of the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata with subsequent respiratory arrest. In conclusion, we suggest that the man died within a short period of time (probably few minutes) in an upright position with the head rotated rapidly to the right side. In paleopathologic literature, trauma to the upper cervical spine has as yet only very rarely been described, and dislocation of the vertebral bodies has not been presented.
DOI: 10.1007/s00701-010-0842-z
PubMed: 20972881
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:20972881Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Unique paleopathology in a pre-Columbian mummy remnant from Southern Peru--severe cervical rotation trauma with subluxation of the axis as cause of death.</title><author><name sortKey="Sokiranski, Roman" sort="Sokiranski, Roman" uniqKey="Sokiranski R" first="Roman" last="Sokiranski">Roman Sokiranski</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Radiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany. sokiranski@gmx.net</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiology, University of Ulm, Ulm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Tübingen</region><settlement type="city">Ulm</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Ulm</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pirsig, Wolfgang" sort="Pirsig, Wolfgang" uniqKey="Pirsig W" first="Wolfgang" last="Pirsig">Wolfgang Pirsig</name></author><author><name sortKey="Richter, Hans Peter" sort="Richter, Hans Peter" uniqKey="Richter H" first="Hans-Peter" last="Richter">Hans-Peter Richter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Losch, Sandra" sort="Losch, Sandra" uniqKey="Losch S" first="Sandra" last="Lösch">Sandra Lösch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Struck, Ulrich" sort="Struck, Ulrich" uniqKey="Struck U" first="Ulrich" last="Struck">Ulrich Struck</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nerlich, Andreas G" sort="Nerlich, Andreas G" uniqKey="Nerlich A" first="Andreas G" last="Nerlich">Andreas G. Nerlich</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:20972881</idno><idno type="pmid">20972881</idno><idno type="doi">10.1007/s00701-010-0842-z</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000338</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000338</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000338</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000338</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000338</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000338</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Unique paleopathology in a pre-Columbian mummy remnant from Southern Peru--severe cervical rotation trauma with subluxation of the axis as cause of death.</title><author><name sortKey="Sokiranski, Roman" sort="Sokiranski, Roman" uniqKey="Sokiranski R" first="Roman" last="Sokiranski">Roman Sokiranski</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Radiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany. sokiranski@gmx.net</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Radiology, University of Ulm, Ulm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="land" nuts="1">Bade-Wurtemberg</region><region type="district" nuts="2">District de Tübingen</region><settlement type="city">Ulm</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Ulm</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pirsig, Wolfgang" sort="Pirsig, Wolfgang" uniqKey="Pirsig W" first="Wolfgang" last="Pirsig">Wolfgang Pirsig</name></author><author><name sortKey="Richter, Hans Peter" sort="Richter, Hans Peter" uniqKey="Richter H" first="Hans-Peter" last="Richter">Hans-Peter Richter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Losch, Sandra" sort="Losch, Sandra" uniqKey="Losch S" first="Sandra" last="Lösch">Sandra Lösch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Struck, Ulrich" sort="Struck, Ulrich" uniqKey="Struck U" first="Ulrich" last="Struck">Ulrich Struck</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nerlich, Andreas G" sort="Nerlich, Andreas G" uniqKey="Nerlich A" first="Andreas G" last="Nerlich">Andreas G. Nerlich</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Acta neurochirurgica</title><idno type="eISSN">0942-0940</idno><imprint><date when="2011" type="published">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Atlanto-Axial Joint (injuries)</term><term>Atlanto-Axial Joint (pathology)</term><term>Cause of Death</term><term>Cervical Vertebrae (injuries)</term><term>Cervical Vertebrae (pathology)</term><term>Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal (history)</term><term>History, Ancient</term><term>Humans</term><term>Joint Dislocations (history)</term><term>Joint Dislocations (pathology)</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Mummies (history)</term><term>Mummies (pathology)</term><term>Odontoid Process (injuries)</term><term>Odontoid Process (pathology)</term><term>Paleopathology</term><term>Peru</term><term>Spinal Cord Compression (history)</term><term>Spinal Injuries (history)</term><term>Spinal Injuries (pathology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="history" xml:lang="en"><term>Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal</term><term>Joint Dislocations</term><term>Mummies</term><term>Spinal Cord Compression</term><term>Spinal Injuries</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="injuries" xml:lang="en"><term>Atlanto-Axial Joint</term><term>Cervical Vertebrae</term><term>Odontoid Process</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Atlanto-Axial Joint</term><term>Cervical Vertebrae</term><term>Joint Dislocations</term><term>Mummies</term><term>Odontoid Process</term><term>Spinal Injuries</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Cause of Death</term><term>History, Ancient</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Paleopathology</term><term>Peru</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">We describe the multidisciplinary findings in a pre-Columbian mummy head from Southern Peru (Cahuachi, Nazca civilisation, radiocarbon dating between 120 and 750 AD) of a mature male individual (40-60 years) with the first two vertebrae attached in pathological position. Accordingly, the atlanto-axial transition (C1/C2) was significantly rotated and dislocated at 38° angle associated with a bulging brownish mass that considerably reduced the spinal canal by circa 60%. Using surface microscopy, endoscopy, high-resolution multi-slice computer tomography, paleohistology and immunohistochemistry, we identified an extensive epidural hematoma of the upper cervical spinal canal-extending into the skull cavity-obviously due to a rupture of the left vertebral artery at its transition between atlas and skull base. There were no signs of fractures of the skull or vertebrae. Histological and immunohistochemical examinations clearly identified dura, brain residues and densely packed corpuscular elements that proved to represent fresh epidural hematoma. Subsequent biochemical analysis provided no evidence for pre-mortal cocaine consumption. Stable isotope analysis, however, revealed significant and repeated changes in the nutrition during his last 9 months, suggesting high mobility. Finally, the significant narrowing of the rotational atlanto-axial dislocation and the epidural hematoma probably caused compression of the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata with subsequent respiratory arrest. In conclusion, we suggest that the man died within a short period of time (probably few minutes) in an upright position with the head rotated rapidly to the right side. In paleopathologic literature, trauma to the upper cervical spine has as yet only very rarely been described, and dislocation of the vertebral bodies has not been presented.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">20972881</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2011</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>18</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2011</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>16</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2016</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>25</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">0942-0940</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>153</Volume><Issue>3</Issue><PubDate><Year>2011</Year><Month>Mar</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Acta neurochirurgica</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Acta Neurochir (Wien)</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Unique paleopathology in a pre-Columbian mummy remnant from Southern Peru--severe cervical rotation trauma with subluxation of the axis as cause of death.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>609-16</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1007/s00701-010-0842-z</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>We describe the multidisciplinary findings in a pre-Columbian mummy head from Southern Peru (Cahuachi, Nazca civilisation, radiocarbon dating between 120 and 750 AD) of a mature male individual (40-60 years) with the first two vertebrae attached in pathological position. Accordingly, the atlanto-axial transition (C1/C2) was significantly rotated and dislocated at 38° angle associated with a bulging brownish mass that considerably reduced the spinal canal by circa 60%. Using surface microscopy, endoscopy, high-resolution multi-slice computer tomography, paleohistology and immunohistochemistry, we identified an extensive epidural hematoma of the upper cervical spinal canal-extending into the skull cavity-obviously due to a rupture of the left vertebral artery at its transition between atlas and skull base. There were no signs of fractures of the skull or vertebrae. Histological and immunohistochemical examinations clearly identified dura, brain residues and densely packed corpuscular elements that proved to represent fresh epidural hematoma. Subsequent biochemical analysis provided no evidence for pre-mortal cocaine consumption. Stable isotope analysis, however, revealed significant and repeated changes in the nutrition during his last 9 months, suggesting high mobility. Finally, the significant narrowing of the rotational atlanto-axial dislocation and the epidural hematoma probably caused compression of the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata with subsequent respiratory arrest. In conclusion, we suggest that the man died within a short period of time (probably few minutes) in an upright position with the head rotated rapidly to the right side. In paleopathologic literature, trauma to the upper cervical spine has as yet only very rarely been described, and dislocation of the vertebral bodies has not been presented.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Sokiranski</LastName><ForeName>Roman</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Radiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany. sokiranski@gmx.net</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pirsig</LastName><ForeName>Wolfgang</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Richter</LastName><ForeName>Hans-Peter</ForeName><Initials>HP</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lösch</LastName><ForeName>Sandra</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Struck</LastName><ForeName>Ulrich</ForeName><Initials>U</Initials></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Nerlich</LastName><ForeName>Andreas G</ForeName><Initials>AG</Initials></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016456">Historical Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2010</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>24</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Austria</Country><MedlineTA>Acta Neurochir (Wien)</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0151000</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0001-6268</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="ErratumIn"><RefSource>Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2012 Feb;154(2):379</RefSource><Note>Lösch, Sandra [added]; Struck, Ulrich [added].</Note></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001268" MajorTopicYN="N">Atlanto-Axial Joint</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000293" MajorTopicYN="Y">injuries</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002423" MajorTopicYN="Y">Cause of Death</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002574" MajorTopicYN="N">Cervical Vertebrae</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000293" MajorTopicYN="Y">injuries</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D046748" MajorTopicYN="N">Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000266" MajorTopicYN="Y">history</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D049690" MajorTopicYN="N">History, Ancient</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004204" MajorTopicYN="N">Joint Dislocations</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000266" MajorTopicYN="Y">history</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009106" MajorTopicYN="N">Mummies</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000266" MajorTopicYN="Y">history</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009809" MajorTopicYN="N">Odontoid Process</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000293" MajorTopicYN="Y">injuries</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010164" MajorTopicYN="N">Paleopathology</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010568" MajorTopicYN="N">Peru</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013117" MajorTopicYN="N">Spinal Cord Compression</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000266" MajorTopicYN="Y">history</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013124" MajorTopicYN="N">Spinal Injuries</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000266" MajorTopicYN="Y">history</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000473" MajorTopicYN="N">pathology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2010</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>23</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2010</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>06</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2010</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>26</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2010</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>26</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2011</Year><Month>6</Month><Day>17</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">20972881</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1007/s00701-010-0842-z</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li></country><region><li>Bade-Wurtemberg</li><li>District de Tübingen</li></region><settlement><li>Ulm</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'Ulm</li></orgName></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Losch, Sandra" sort="Losch, Sandra" uniqKey="Losch S" first="Sandra" last="Lösch">Sandra Lösch</name><name sortKey="Nerlich, Andreas G" sort="Nerlich, Andreas G" uniqKey="Nerlich A" first="Andreas G" last="Nerlich">Andreas G. Nerlich</name><name sortKey="Pirsig, Wolfgang" sort="Pirsig, Wolfgang" uniqKey="Pirsig W" first="Wolfgang" last="Pirsig">Wolfgang Pirsig</name><name sortKey="Richter, Hans Peter" sort="Richter, Hans Peter" uniqKey="Richter H" first="Hans-Peter" last="Richter">Hans-Peter Richter</name><name sortKey="Struck, Ulrich" sort="Struck, Ulrich" uniqKey="Struck U" first="Ulrich" last="Struck">Ulrich Struck</name></noCountry><country name="Allemagne"><region name="Bade-Wurtemberg"><name sortKey="Sokiranski, Roman" sort="Sokiranski, Roman" uniqKey="Sokiranski R" first="Roman" last="Sokiranski">Roman Sokiranski</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Archeologie/explor/PaleopathV1/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000297 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd -nk 000297 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Archeologie
|area= PaleopathV1
|flux= PubMed
|étape= Checkpoint
|type= RBID
|clé= pubmed:20972881
|texte= Unique paleopathology in a pre-Columbian mummy remnant from Southern Peru--severe cervical rotation trauma with subluxation of the axis as cause of death.
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:20972881" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a PaleopathV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.27. |  |