Post-Cranial Traumatic Injury Patterns in Two Medieval Polish Populations: The Effects of Lifestyle Differences
Identifieur interne : 000021 ( Pmc/Curation ); précédent : 000020; suivant : 000022Post-Cranial Traumatic Injury Patterns in Two Medieval Polish Populations: The Effects of Lifestyle Differences
Auteurs : Amanda M. Agnew [États-Unis] ; Tracy K. Betsinger [États-Unis] ; Hedy M. Justus [États-Unis]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Traumatic injuries can be used as general indicators of activity patterns in past populations. This study tests the hypothesis that contemporaneous (10th–12th century) rural and urban populations in medieval Poland will have a significantly different prevalence of non-violent fractures. Traumatic injuries to the post-cranial skeleton were recorded for 180 adults from rural Giecz and for 96 adults from urban Poznań-Śródka. They were statistically analyzed by body region and individual skeletal element. Results reveal that Giecz had a significantly higher rate of trunk fractures than Poznań-Śródka (Fisher’s exact, p<0.05). In particular, rib and vertebral fractures were more common in Giecz males and females than in their Poznań-Śródka counterparts. Traumatic injuries in the extremities were comparable between the two samples, suggesting similar risks of trauma to these regions. These results indicate that in early medieval Poland, activities associated with a rural lifestyle resulted in more injuries. These stress or accidental fractures, which are related to a high-risk setting, were not consistent with an urban lifestyle. Overall, agricultural populations like Giecz were engaged in a laborious lifestyle, reflected in a variety of injuries related to repetitive, high-risk activities. Although urban populations like Poznań engaged in craft specialization participated in repetitive activities, their lifestyle resulted in lesser fracture-risk.
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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129458
PubMed: 26068106
PubMed Central: 4466240
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Agnew</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Skeletal Biology Research Laboratory, Division of Anatomy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Skeletal Biology Research Laboratory, Division of Anatomy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Betsinger, Tracy K" sort="Betsinger, Tracy K" uniqKey="Betsinger T" first="Tracy K." last="Betsinger">Tracy K. 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Agnew</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Skeletal Biology Research Laboratory, Division of Anatomy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Skeletal Biology Research Laboratory, Division of Anatomy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Betsinger, Tracy K" sort="Betsinger, Tracy K" uniqKey="Betsinger T" first="Tracy K." last="Betsinger">Tracy K. Betsinger</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Department of Anthropology, State University of New York College at Oneonta, Oneonta, New York, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, State University of New York College at Oneonta, Oneonta, New York</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Justus, Hedy M" sort="Justus, Hedy M" uniqKey="Justus H" first="Hedy M." last="Justus">Hedy M. Justus</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Traumatic injuries can be used as general indicators of activity patterns in past populations. This study tests the hypothesis that contemporaneous (10th–12th century) rural and urban populations in medieval Poland will have a significantly different prevalence of non-violent fractures. Traumatic injuries to the post-cranial skeleton were recorded for 180 adults from rural Giecz and for 96 adults from urban Poznań-Śródka. They were statistically analyzed by body region and individual skeletal element. Results reveal that Giecz had a significantly higher rate of trunk fractures than Poznań-Śródka (Fisher’s exact, p<0.05). In particular, rib and vertebral fractures were more common in Giecz males and females than in their Poznań-Śródka counterparts. Traumatic injuries in the extremities were comparable between the two samples, suggesting similar risks of trauma to these regions. These results indicate that in early medieval Poland, activities associated with a rural lifestyle resulted in more injuries. These stress or accidental fractures, which are related to a high-risk setting, were not consistent with an urban lifestyle. Overall, agricultural populations like Giecz were engaged in a laborious lifestyle, reflected in a variety of injuries related to repetitive, high-risk activities. 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, CA USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26068106</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4466240</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0129458</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-15-06675</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Post-Cranial Traumatic Injury Patterns in Two Medieval Polish Populations: The Effects of Lifestyle Differences</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Trauma Patterns in Medieval Poland</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Agnew</surname><given-names>Amanda M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref rid="cor001" ref-type="corresp">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Betsinger</surname><given-names>Tracy K.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff003"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Justus</surname><given-names>Hedy M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff001"><label>1</label><addr-line>Skeletal Biology Research Laboratory, Division of Anatomy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff002"><label>2</label><addr-line>Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff003"><label>3</label><addr-line>Department of Anthropology, State University of New York College at Oneonta, Oneonta, New York, United States of America</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Frayer</surname><given-names>David</given-names></name><role>Academic Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>University of Kansas, UNITED STATES</addr-line></aff><author-notes><fn fn-type="conflict" id="coi001"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con" id="contrib001"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: AMA TKB HMJ. Performed the experiments: AMA TKB HMJ. Analyzed the data: TKB AMA. Wrote the paper: AMA TKB HMJ.</p></fn><corresp id="cor001">* E-mail: <email>amanda.agnew@osumc.edu</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>6</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>6</issue><elocation-id>e0129458</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>14</day><month>2</month><year>2015</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>8</day><month>5</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Agnew et al</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="pone.0129458.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><p>Traumatic injuries can be used as general indicators of activity patterns in past populations. This study tests the hypothesis that contemporaneous (10th–12th century) rural and urban populations in medieval Poland will have a significantly different prevalence of non-violent fractures. Traumatic injuries to the post-cranial skeleton were recorded for 180 adults from rural Giecz and for 96 adults from urban Poznań-Śródka. They were statistically analyzed by body region and individual skeletal element. Results reveal that Giecz had a significantly higher rate of trunk fractures than Poznań-Śródka (Fisher’s exact, p<0.05). In particular, rib and vertebral fractures were more common in Giecz males and females than in their Poznań-Śródka counterparts. Traumatic injuries in the extremities were comparable between the two samples, suggesting similar risks of trauma to these regions. These results indicate that in early medieval Poland, activities associated with a rural lifestyle resulted in more injuries. These stress or accidental fractures, which are related to a high-risk setting, were not consistent with an urban lifestyle. Overall, agricultural populations like Giecz were engaged in a laborious lifestyle, reflected in a variety of injuries related to repetitive, high-risk activities. Although urban populations like Poznań engaged in craft specialization participated in repetitive activities, their lifestyle resulted in lesser fracture-risk.</p></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>This study and all authors were supported in part by the Global History of Health Project. TKB received an Alumni Grant from the The Ohio State University to support her role in this project. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="3"></fig-count><table-count count="7"></table-count><page-count count="18"></page-count></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta id="data-availability"><meta-name>Data Availability</meta-name><meta-value>All relevant data are available without restriction and can be accessed in the paper.</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta><notes><title>Data Availability</title><p>All relevant data are available without restriction and can be accessed in the paper.</p></notes></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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