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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Nicotine Dependence, “Background” and Cue-Induced Craving and Smoking in the Laboratory</title><author><name sortKey="Dunbar, Michael S" sort="Dunbar, Michael S" uniqKey="Dunbar M" first="Michael S." last="Dunbar">Michael S. Dunbar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Smoking Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 130 N. Bellefield Avenue, Suite 510, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shiffman, Saul" sort="Shiffman, Saul" uniqKey="Shiffman S" first="Saul" last="Shiffman">Saul Shiffman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Smoking Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 130 N. Bellefield Avenue, Suite 510, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kirchner, Thomas" sort="Kirchner, Thomas" uniqKey="Kirchner T" first="Thomas" last="Kirchner">Thomas Kirchner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies, 1724 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tindle, Hilary" sort="Tindle, Hilary" uniqKey="Tindle H" first="Hilary" last="Tindle">Hilary Tindle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 230 McKee Place, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scholl, Sarah" sort="Scholl, Sarah" uniqKey="Scholl S" first="Sarah" last="Scholl">Sarah Scholl</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Smoking Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 130 N. Bellefield Avenue, Suite 510, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25028339</idno><idno type="pmc">4140567</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4140567</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4140567</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.06.018</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001342</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001342</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Nicotine Dependence, “Background” and Cue-Induced Craving and Smoking in the Laboratory</title><author><name sortKey="Dunbar, Michael S" sort="Dunbar, Michael S" uniqKey="Dunbar M" first="Michael S." last="Dunbar">Michael S. Dunbar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Smoking Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 130 N. Bellefield Avenue, Suite 510, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shiffman, Saul" sort="Shiffman, Saul" uniqKey="Shiffman S" first="Saul" last="Shiffman">Saul Shiffman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Smoking Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 130 N. Bellefield Avenue, Suite 510, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kirchner, Thomas" sort="Kirchner, Thomas" uniqKey="Kirchner T" first="Thomas" last="Kirchner">Thomas Kirchner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies, 1724 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tindle, Hilary" sort="Tindle, Hilary" uniqKey="Tindle H" first="Hilary" last="Tindle">Hilary Tindle</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 230 McKee Place, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Scholl, Sarah" sort="Scholl, Sarah" uniqKey="Scholl S" first="Sarah" last="Scholl">Sarah Scholl</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Smoking Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 130 N. Bellefield Avenue, Suite 510, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Drug and alcohol dependence</title><idno type="ISSN">0376-8716</idno><idno type="eISSN">1879-0046</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title><p id="P1">Nicotine dependence has been associated with higher “background” craving and smoking, independent of situational cues. Due in part to conceptual and methodological differences across past studies, the relationship between dependence and cue-reactivity (CR; e.g., cue-induced craving and smoking) remains unclear.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title><p id="P2">207 daily smokers completed six pictorial CR sessions (smoking, negative affect, positive affect, alcohol, smoking prohibitions, and neutral). Individuals rated craving before (background craving) and after cues, and could smoke following cue exposure. Session videos were coded to assess smoking. Participants completed four nicotine dependence measures. Regression models assessed the relationship of dependence to cue-independent (i.e., pre-cue) and cue-specific (i.e., pre-post cue change for each cue, relative to neutral) craving and smoking (likelihood of smoking, latency to smoke, puff count).</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Results</title><p id="P3">Dependence was associated with background craving and smoking, but did not predict change in craving across the entire sample for any cue. Among alcohol drinkers, dependence was associated with greater increases in craving following the alcohol cue. Only one dependence measure (Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives) was consistently associated with smoking reactivity (higher likelihood of smoking, shorter latency to smoke, greater puff count) in response to cues.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Conclusion</title><p id="P4">While related to cue-independent background craving and smoking, dependence is not strongly associated with laboratory cue-induced craving under conditions of minimal deprivation. Dependence measures that incorporate situational influences on smoking correlate with greater cue-provoked smoking. This may suggest independent roles for CR and traditional dependence as determinants of smoking, and highlights the importance of assessing behavioral CR outcomes.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">7513587</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">3445</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Drug Alcohol Depend</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Drug Alcohol Depend</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Drug and alcohol dependence</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0376-8716</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1879-0046</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25028339</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4140567</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.06.018</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS613408</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Nicotine Dependence, “Background” and Cue-Induced Craving and Smoking in the Laboratory</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dunbar</surname><given-names>Michael S.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Shiffman</surname><given-names>Saul</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kirchner</surname><given-names>Thomas</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tindle</surname><given-names>Hilary</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Scholl</surname><given-names>Sarah</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>1</label>Smoking Research Group, Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 130 N. Bellefield Avenue, Suite 510, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA</aff><aff id="A2"><label>2</label>Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies, 1724 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036, USA</aff><aff id="A3"><label>3</label>Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 230 McKee Place, Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA</aff><author-notes><corresp id="FN1">Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to: Michael Dunbar, Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 130 N. Bellefield Avenue, Suite 510, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Phone: 412-383-1222; Fax: 412-383-2041; <email>msd13@pitt.edu</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>17</day><month>7</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>6</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>1</day><month>9</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>01</day><month>9</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>142</volume><fpage>197</fpage><lpage>203</lpage><pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.06.018</pmc-comment>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year></permissions><abstract><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title><p id="P1">Nicotine dependence has been associated with higher “background” craving and smoking, independent of situational cues. Due in part to conceptual and methodological differences across past studies, the relationship between dependence and cue-reactivity (CR; e.g., cue-induced craving and smoking) remains unclear.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title><p id="P2">207 daily smokers completed six pictorial CR sessions (smoking, negative affect, positive affect, alcohol, smoking prohibitions, and neutral). Individuals rated craving before (background craving) and after cues, and could smoke following cue exposure. Session videos were coded to assess smoking. Participants completed four nicotine dependence measures. Regression models assessed the relationship of dependence to cue-independent (i.e., pre-cue) and cue-specific (i.e., pre-post cue change for each cue, relative to neutral) craving and smoking (likelihood of smoking, latency to smoke, puff count).</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Results</title><p id="P3">Dependence was associated with background craving and smoking, but did not predict change in craving across the entire sample for any cue. Among alcohol drinkers, dependence was associated with greater increases in craving following the alcohol cue. Only one dependence measure (Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives) was consistently associated with smoking reactivity (higher likelihood of smoking, shorter latency to smoke, greater puff count) in response to cues.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Conclusion</title><p id="P4">While related to cue-independent background craving and smoking, dependence is not strongly associated with laboratory cue-induced craving under conditions of minimal deprivation. Dependence measures that incorporate situational influences on smoking correlate with greater cue-provoked smoking. This may suggest independent roles for CR and traditional dependence as determinants of smoking, and highlights the importance of assessing behavioral CR outcomes.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Dependence</kwd><kwd>Cue-reactivity</kwd><kwd>Craving</kwd><kwd>Smoking</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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