Acute CSF interleukin-6 trajectories after TBI: associations with neuroinflammation, polytrauma, and outcome.
Identifieur interne : 000644 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000643; suivant : 000645Acute CSF interleukin-6 trajectories after TBI: associations with neuroinflammation, polytrauma, and outcome.
Auteurs : R G Kumar [États-Unis] ; M L Diamond [États-Unis] ; J A Boles [États-Unis] ; R P Berger [États-Unis] ; S A Tisherman [États-Unis] ; P M Kochanek [États-Unis] ; A K Wagner [États-Unis]Source :
- Brain, behavior, and immunity [ 1090-2139 ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adulte, Cytokines (), Cytokines (immunologie), Femelle, Humains, Interleukine-1 bêta (immunologie), Interleukine-6 (), Interleukine-6 (immunologie), Lésions encéphaliques (), Lésions encéphaliques (immunologie), Lésions encéphaliques (rééducation et réadaptation), Modèles logistiques, Mâle, Polytraumatisme (), Polytraumatisme (immunologie), Pronostic, Score de gravité des lésions traumatiques, Échelle de suivi de Glasgow, Études de cohortes, Études prospectives, Évolution de la maladie.
- MESH :
- immunologie : Cytokines, Interleukine-1 bêta, Interleukine-6, Lésions encéphaliques, Polytraumatisme.
- rééducation et réadaptation : Lésions encéphaliques.
- Adulte, Cytokines, Femelle, Humains, Interleukine-6, Lésions encéphaliques, Modèles logistiques, Mâle, Polytraumatisme, Pronostic, Score de gravité des lésions traumatiques, Échelle de suivi de Glasgow, Études de cohortes, Études prospectives, Évolution de la maladie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult, Brain Injuries (cerebrospinal fluid), Brain Injuries (immunology), Brain Injuries (rehabilitation), Cohort Studies, Cytokines (cerebrospinal fluid), Cytokines (immunology), Disease Progression, Female, Glasgow Outcome Scale, Humans, Injury Severity Score, Interleukin-1beta (immunology), Interleukin-6 (cerebrospinal fluid), Interleukin-6 (immunology), Logistic Models, Male, Multiple Trauma (cerebrospinal fluid), Multiple Trauma (immunology), Prognosis, Prospective Studies.
- MESH :
- chemical , cerebrospinal fluid : Cytokines, Interleukin-6.
- cerebrospinal fluid : Brain Injuries, Multiple Trauma.
- immunology : Brain Injuries, Cytokines, Interleukin-1beta, Interleukin-6, Multiple Trauma.
- rehabilitation : Brain Injuries.
- Adult, Cohort Studies, Disease Progression, Female, Glasgow Outcome Scale, Humans, Injury Severity Score, Logistic Models, Male, Prognosis, Prospective Studies.
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in a significant inflammatory burden that perpetuates the production of inflammatory mediators and biomarkers. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine known to be elevated after trauma, and a major contributor to the inflammatory response following TBI. Previous studies have investigated associations between IL-6 and outcome following TBI, but to date, studies have been inconsistent in their conclusions. We hypothesized that cohort heterogeneity, temporal inflammatory profiles, and concurrent inflammatory marker associations are critical to characterize when targeting subpopulations for anti-inflammatory therapies. Toward this objective, we used serial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples to generate temporal acute IL-6 trajectory (TRAJ) profiles in a prospective cohort of adults with severe TBI (n=114). We examined the impact of injury type on IL-6 profiles, and how IL-6 profiles impact sub-acute (2weeks-3months) serum inflammatory marker load and long-term global outcome 6-12months post-injury. There were two distinct acute CSF IL-6 profiles, a high and low TRAJ group. Individuals in the high TRAJ had increased odds of unfavorable Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores at 6months (adjusted OR=3.436, 95% CI: 1.259, 9.380). Individuals in the high TRAJ also had higher mean acute CSF inflammatory load compared to individuals in the low TRAJ (p⩽0.05). The two groups did not differ with respect acute serum profiles; however, individuals in the high CSF IL-6 TRAJ also had higher mean sub-acute serum IL-1β and IL-6 levels compared with the low TRAJ group (p⩽0.05). Lastly, injury type (isolated TBI vs. TBI+polytrauma) was associated with IL-6 TRAJ group (χ(2)=5.31, p=0.02). Specifically, there was 70% concordance between those with TBI+polytrauma and the low TRAJ; in contrast, isolated TBI was similarly distributed between TRAJ groups. These data provide evidence that sustained, elevated levels of CSF IL-6 are associated with an increased inflammatory load, and these increases are associated with increased odds for unfavorable global outcomes in the first year following TBI. Future studies should explore additional factors contributing to IL-6 elevations, and therapies to mitigate its detrimental effects on outcome.
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.12.021
PubMed: 25555531
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream PubMed, to step Corpus: 000498
- to stream PubMed, to step Curation: 000498
- to stream PubMed, to step Checkpoint: 000498
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 004659
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 004659
- to stream Ncbi, to step Checkpoint: 004659
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 000644
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 000644
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Acute CSF interleukin-6 trajectories after TBI: associations with neuroinflammation, polytrauma, and outcome.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Kumar, R G" sort="Kumar, R G" uniqKey="Kumar R" first="R G" last="Kumar">R G Kumar</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Diamond, M L" sort="Diamond, M L" uniqKey="Diamond M" first="M L" last="Diamond">M L Diamond</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boles, J A" sort="Boles, J A" uniqKey="Boles J" first="J A" last="Boles">J A Boles</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Berger, R P" sort="Berger, R P" uniqKey="Berger R" first="R P" last="Berger">R P Berger</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tisherman, S A" sort="Tisherman, S A" uniqKey="Tisherman S" first="S A" last="Tisherman">S A Tisherman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kochanek, P M" sort="Kochanek, P M" uniqKey="Kochanek P" first="P M" last="Kochanek">P M Kochanek</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wagner, A K" sort="Wagner, A K" uniqKey="Wagner A" first="A K" last="Wagner">A K Wagner</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. Electronic address: Wagnerak@upmc.edu.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno>
<date when="2015">2015</date>
<idno type="RBID">pubmed:25555531</idno>
<idno type="pmid">25555531</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1016/j.bbi.2014.12.021</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000498</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000498</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000498</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000498</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000498</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000498</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">004659</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">004659</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">004659</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000644</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000644</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000644</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Acute CSF interleukin-6 trajectories after TBI: associations with neuroinflammation, polytrauma, and outcome.</title>
<author><name sortKey="Kumar, R G" sort="Kumar, R G" uniqKey="Kumar R" first="R G" last="Kumar">R G Kumar</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Diamond, M L" sort="Diamond, M L" uniqKey="Diamond M" first="M L" last="Diamond">M L Diamond</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boles, J A" sort="Boles, J A" uniqKey="Boles J" first="J A" last="Boles">J A Boles</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Berger, R P" sort="Berger, R P" uniqKey="Berger R" first="R P" last="Berger">R P Berger</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Tisherman, S A" sort="Tisherman, S A" uniqKey="Tisherman S" first="S A" last="Tisherman">S A Tisherman</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Maryland</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kochanek, P M" sort="Kochanek, P M" uniqKey="Kochanek P" first="P M" last="Kochanek">P M Kochanek</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Wagner, A K" sort="Wagner, A K" uniqKey="Wagner A" first="A K" last="Wagner">A K Wagner</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. Electronic address: Wagnerak@upmc.edu.</nlm:affiliation>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA</wicri:regionArea>
<placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region>
<settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement>
</placeName>
<orgName type="university">Université de Pittsburgh</orgName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Brain, behavior, and immunity</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1090-2139</idno>
<imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term>
<term>Brain Injuries (cerebrospinal fluid)</term>
<term>Brain Injuries (immunology)</term>
<term>Brain Injuries (rehabilitation)</term>
<term>Cohort Studies</term>
<term>Cytokines (cerebrospinal fluid)</term>
<term>Cytokines (immunology)</term>
<term>Disease Progression</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Glasgow Outcome Scale</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Injury Severity Score</term>
<term>Interleukin-1beta (immunology)</term>
<term>Interleukin-6 (cerebrospinal fluid)</term>
<term>Interleukin-6 (immunology)</term>
<term>Logistic Models</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Multiple Trauma (cerebrospinal fluid)</term>
<term>Multiple Trauma (immunology)</term>
<term>Prognosis</term>
<term>Prospective Studies</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term>
<term>Cytokines ()</term>
<term>Cytokines (immunologie)</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Interleukine-1 bêta (immunologie)</term>
<term>Interleukine-6 ()</term>
<term>Interleukine-6 (immunologie)</term>
<term>Lésions encéphaliques ()</term>
<term>Lésions encéphaliques (immunologie)</term>
<term>Lésions encéphaliques (rééducation et réadaptation)</term>
<term>Modèles logistiques</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Polytraumatisme ()</term>
<term>Polytraumatisme (immunologie)</term>
<term>Pronostic</term>
<term>Score de gravité des lésions traumatiques</term>
<term>Échelle de suivi de Glasgow</term>
<term>Études de cohortes</term>
<term>Études prospectives</term>
<term>Évolution de la maladie</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="cerebrospinal fluid" xml:lang="en"><term>Cytokines</term>
<term>Interleukin-6</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="cerebrospinal fluid" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain Injuries</term>
<term>Multiple Trauma</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Cytokines</term>
<term>Interleukine-1 bêta</term>
<term>Interleukine-6</term>
<term>Lésions encéphaliques</term>
<term>Polytraumatisme</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain Injuries</term>
<term>Cytokines</term>
<term>Interleukin-1beta</term>
<term>Interleukin-6</term>
<term>Multiple Trauma</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="rehabilitation" xml:lang="en"><term>Brain Injuries</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="rééducation et réadaptation" xml:lang="fr"><term>Lésions encéphaliques</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term>
<term>Cohort Studies</term>
<term>Disease Progression</term>
<term>Female</term>
<term>Glasgow Outcome Scale</term>
<term>Humans</term>
<term>Injury Severity Score</term>
<term>Logistic Models</term>
<term>Male</term>
<term>Prognosis</term>
<term>Prospective Studies</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term>
<term>Cytokines</term>
<term>Femelle</term>
<term>Humains</term>
<term>Interleukine-6</term>
<term>Lésions encéphaliques</term>
<term>Modèles logistiques</term>
<term>Mâle</term>
<term>Polytraumatisme</term>
<term>Pronostic</term>
<term>Score de gravité des lésions traumatiques</term>
<term>Échelle de suivi de Glasgow</term>
<term>Études de cohortes</term>
<term>Études prospectives</term>
<term>Évolution de la maladie</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in a significant inflammatory burden that perpetuates the production of inflammatory mediators and biomarkers. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine known to be elevated after trauma, and a major contributor to the inflammatory response following TBI. Previous studies have investigated associations between IL-6 and outcome following TBI, but to date, studies have been inconsistent in their conclusions. We hypothesized that cohort heterogeneity, temporal inflammatory profiles, and concurrent inflammatory marker associations are critical to characterize when targeting subpopulations for anti-inflammatory therapies. Toward this objective, we used serial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples to generate temporal acute IL-6 trajectory (TRAJ) profiles in a prospective cohort of adults with severe TBI (n=114). We examined the impact of injury type on IL-6 profiles, and how IL-6 profiles impact sub-acute (2weeks-3months) serum inflammatory marker load and long-term global outcome 6-12months post-injury. There were two distinct acute CSF IL-6 profiles, a high and low TRAJ group. Individuals in the high TRAJ had increased odds of unfavorable Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores at 6months (adjusted OR=3.436, 95% CI: 1.259, 9.380). Individuals in the high TRAJ also had higher mean acute CSF inflammatory load compared to individuals in the low TRAJ (p⩽0.05). The two groups did not differ with respect acute serum profiles; however, individuals in the high CSF IL-6 TRAJ also had higher mean sub-acute serum IL-1β and IL-6 levels compared with the low TRAJ group (p⩽0.05). Lastly, injury type (isolated TBI vs. TBI+polytrauma) was associated with IL-6 TRAJ group (χ(2)=5.31, p=0.02). Specifically, there was 70% concordance between those with TBI+polytrauma and the low TRAJ; in contrast, isolated TBI was similarly distributed between TRAJ groups. These data provide evidence that sustained, elevated levels of CSF IL-6 are associated with an increased inflammatory load, and these increases are associated with increased odds for unfavorable global outcomes in the first year following TBI. Future studies should explore additional factors contributing to IL-6 elevations, and therapies to mitigate its detrimental effects on outcome.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Maryland</li>
<li>Pennsylvanie</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Pittsburgh</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Université de Pittsburgh</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Pennsylvanie"><name sortKey="Kumar, R G" sort="Kumar, R G" uniqKey="Kumar R" first="R G" last="Kumar">R G Kumar</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Berger, R P" sort="Berger, R P" uniqKey="Berger R" first="R P" last="Berger">R P Berger</name>
<name sortKey="Boles, J A" sort="Boles, J A" uniqKey="Boles J" first="J A" last="Boles">J A Boles</name>
<name sortKey="Diamond, M L" sort="Diamond, M L" uniqKey="Diamond M" first="M L" last="Diamond">M L Diamond</name>
<name sortKey="Kochanek, P M" sort="Kochanek, P M" uniqKey="Kochanek P" first="P M" last="Kochanek">P M Kochanek</name>
<name sortKey="Tisherman, S A" sort="Tisherman, S A" uniqKey="Tisherman S" first="S A" last="Tisherman">S A Tisherman</name>
<name sortKey="Wagner, A K" sort="Wagner, A K" uniqKey="Wagner A" first="A K" last="Wagner">A K Wagner</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Amérique/explor/PittsburghV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000644 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 000644 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Wicri/Amérique |area= PittsburghV1 |flux= Main |étape= Exploration |type= RBID |clé= pubmed:25555531 |texte= Acute CSF interleukin-6 trajectories after TBI: associations with neuroinflammation, polytrauma, and outcome. }}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:25555531" \ | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \ | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a PittsburghV1
This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.38. |