An interlaboratory study of TEX86 and BIT analysis of sediments, extracts, and standard mixtures
Identifieur interne : 002288 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 002287; suivant : 002289An interlaboratory study of TEX86 and BIT analysis of sediments, extracts, and standard mixtures
Auteurs : Stefan Schouten ; Ellen C. Hopmans ; Antoni Rosell-Melé ; Ann Pearson ; Pierre Adam ; Thorsten Bauersachs ; Edouard Bard ; Stefano M. Bernasconi ; Thomas S. Bianchi ; Jochen J. Brocks ; Laura Truxal Carlson ; Isla S. Casta Eda ; Sylvie Derenne ; Ayça Do Rul Selver ; Koushik Dutta ; Timothy Eglinton ; Celine Fosse ; Valier Galy ; Kliti Grice ; Kai-Uwe Hinrichs ; Yongsong Huang ; Arnaud Huguet ; Carme Huguet ; Sarah Hurley ; Anitra Ingalls ; Guodong Jia ; Brendan Keely ; Chris Knappy ; Miyuki Kondo ; Srinath Krishnan ; Sara Lincoln ; Julius Lipp ; Kai Mangelsdorf ; Alfredo Martínez-García ; Guillemette Ménot ; Anchelique Mets ; Gesine Mollenhauer ; Naohiko Ohkouchi ; Jort Ossebaar ; Mark Pagani ; Richard D. Pancost ; Emma J. Pearson ; Francien Peterse ; Gert-Jan Reichart ; Philippe Schaeffer ; Gaby Schmitt ; Lorenz Schwark ; Sunita R. Shah ; Richard W. Smith ; Rienk H. Smittenberg ; Roger E. Summons ; Yoshinori Takano ; Helen M. Talbot ; Kyle W. R. Taylor ; Rafael Tarozo ; Masao Uchida ; Bart E. Van Dongen ; Benjamin A. S. Van Mooy ; Jinxiang Wang ; Courtney Warren ; Johan W. H. Weijers ; Josef P. Werne ; Martijn Woltering ; Shucheng Xie ; Masanobu Yamamoto ; Huan Yang ; Chuanlun L. Zhang ; Yige Zhang ; Meixun Zhao ; Jaap S. Sinninghe DamstéSource :
- Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems [ 1525-2027 ] ; 2013-12.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Acta, Agilent, Amber glass vials, Bacterial gdgts, Bitmol, Bitmol values, Bitms, Bitms values, Carolina margin, Column none, Correction factor, Crenarchaeol, Cyano, Damst, Earth sciences, Gdgt, Gdgt mixture, Gdgt mixtures, Gdgt standards, Gdgts, Geochem, Geochemistry, Geological sciences, Geophys, Geosciences, Glycerol, Harvard university, High performance, Hopmans, Huguet, Index round robin, Index round robin table, Index values, Individual laboratories, Interlaboratory, Interlaboratory comparison study, Interlaboratory study, Ion, Isoprenoid, Laboratory number, Lipid, Marine geology, Marine sciences, Marine sediments, Mass scanning, Mass spectrometry techniques, Median, Meoh, Molar ratios, Netherlands institute, Organic fraction, Organic fractions, Organic geochemistry, Outlier, Outlier removal, Planetary sciences, Previous study, Quad, Quadrupole, Repeatability, Reproducibility, Robin, Salt pond, Schouten, Sediment, Single quad, Sinninghe, Sinninghe damst, Sio2, Spectrometer, Spectrometry, Standard mixtures, Tetraether, Thermo, Tongji university, Vial, Water depth, Weijers, Western australia, Woods hole, Yale university.
- Teeft :
- Acta, Agilent, Amber glass vials, Bacterial gdgts, Bitmol, Bitmol values, Bitms, Bitms values, Carolina margin, Column none, Correction factor, Crenarchaeol, Cyano, Damst, Earth sciences, Gdgt, Gdgt mixture, Gdgt mixtures, Gdgt standards, Gdgts, Geochem, Geochemistry, Geological sciences, Geophys, Geosciences, Glycerol, Harvard university, High performance, Hopmans, Huguet, Index round robin, Index round robin table, Index values, Individual laboratories, Interlaboratory, Interlaboratory comparison study, Interlaboratory study, Ion, Isoprenoid, Laboratory number, Lipid, Marine geology, Marine sciences, Marine sediments, Mass scanning, Mass spectrometry techniques, Median, Meoh, Molar ratios, Netherlands institute, Organic fraction, Organic fractions, Organic geochemistry, Outlier, Outlier removal, Planetary sciences, Previous study, Quad, Quadrupole, Repeatability, Reproducibility, Robin, Salt pond, Schouten, Sediment, Single quad, Sinninghe, Sinninghe damst, Sio2, Spectrometer, Spectrometry, Standard mixtures, Tetraether, Thermo, Tongji university, Vial, Water depth, Weijers, Western australia, Woods hole, Yale university.
Abstract
Two commonly used proxies based on the distribution of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are the TEX86 (TetraEther indeX of 86 carbon atoms) paleothermometer for sea surface temperature reconstructions and the BIT (Branched Isoprenoid Tetraether) index for reconstructing soil organic matter input to the ocean. An initial round‐robin study of two sediment extracts, in which 15 laboratories participated, showed relatively consistent TEX86 values (reproducibility ±3–4°C when translated to temperature) but a large spread in BIT measurements (reproducibility ±0.41 on a scale of 0–1). Here we report results of a second round‐robin study with 35 laboratories in which three sediments, one sediment extract, and two mixtures of pure, isolated GDGTs were analyzed. The results for TEX86 and BIT index showed improvement compared to the previous round‐robin study. The reproducibility, indicating interlaboratory variation, of TEX86 values ranged from 1.3 to 3.0°C when translated to temperature. These results are similar to those of other temperature proxies used in paleoceanography. Comparison of the results obtained from one of the three sediments showed that TEX86 and BIT indices are not significantly affected by interlaboratory differences in sediment extraction techniques. BIT values of the sediments and extracts were at the extremes of the index with values close to 0 or 1, and showed good reproducibility (ranging from 0.013 to 0.042). However, the measured BIT values for the two GDGT mixtures, with known molar ratios of crenarchaeol and branched GDGTs, had intermediate BIT values and showed poor reproducibility and a large overestimation of the “true” (i.e., molar‐based) BIT index. The latter is likely due to, among other factors, the higher mass spectrometric response of branched GDGTs compared to crenarchaeol, which also varies among mass spectrometers. Correction for this different mass spectrometric response showed a considerable improvement in the reproducibility of BIT index measurements among laboratories, as well as a substantially improved estimation of molar‐based BIT values. This suggests that standard mixtures should be used in order to obtain consistent, and molar‐based, BIT values.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/2013GC004904
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Hopmans</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, NL‐1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rosell Ele, Antoni" sort="Rosell Ele, Antoni" uniqKey="Rosell Ele A" first="Antoni" last="Rosell-Melé">Antoni Rosell-Melé</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>ICREA, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>ICTA, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pearson, Ann" sort="Pearson, Ann" uniqKey="Pearson A" first="Ann" last="Pearson">Ann Pearson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adam, Pierre" sort="Adam, Pierre" uniqKey="Adam P" first="Pierre" last="Adam">Pierre Adam</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Moléculaire, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177, Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg‐CNRS, E.C.P.M., France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bauersachs, Thorsten" sort="Bauersachs, Thorsten" uniqKey="Bauersachs T" first="Thorsten" last="Bauersachs">Thorsten Bauersachs</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Organic Geochemistry, Institute of Geosciences, Christian‐Albrechts‐University, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bard, Edouard" sort="Bard, Edouard" uniqKey="Bard E" first="Edouard" last="Bard">Edouard Bard</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>CEREGE (UMR 6635), Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Aix‐en‐Provence, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bernasconi, Stefano M" sort="Bernasconi, Stefano M" uniqKey="Bernasconi S" first="Stefano M." last="Bernasconi">Stefano M. Bernasconi</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>ETH Zürich, Geologisches Institut, Zurich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bianchi, Thomas S" sort="Bianchi, Thomas S" uniqKey="Bianchi T" first="Thomas S." last="Bianchi">Thomas S. Bianchi</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Florida, Gainesville, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brocks, Jochen J" sort="Brocks, Jochen J" uniqKey="Brocks J" first="Jochen J." last="Brocks">Jochen J. Brocks</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carlson, Laura Truxal" sort="Carlson, Laura Truxal" uniqKey="Carlson L" first="Laura Truxal" last="Carlson">Laura Truxal Carlson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Casta Eda, Isla S" sort="Casta Eda, Isla S" uniqKey="Casta Eda I" first="Isla S." last="Casta Eda">Isla S. Casta Eda</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, Amherst, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Derenne, Sylvie" sort="Derenne, Sylvie" uniqKey="Derenne S" first="Sylvie" last="Derenne">Sylvie Derenne</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>BioEMCo, UMR 7618, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Selver, Ayca Do Rul" sort="Selver, Ayca Do Rul" uniqKey="Selver A" first="Ayça Do Rul" last="Selver">Ayça Do Rul Selver</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dutta, Koushik" sort="Dutta, Koushik" uniqKey="Dutta K" first="Koushik" last="Dutta">Koushik Dutta</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Large Lakes Observatory, University of Minnesota – Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Northwestern University, Illinois, Evanston, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eglinton, Timothy" sort="Eglinton, Timothy" uniqKey="Eglinton T" first="Timothy" last="Eglinton">Timothy Eglinton</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>ETH Zürich – Biogeosciences, Zurich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fosse, Celine" sort="Fosse, Celine" uniqKey="Fosse C" first="Celine" last="Fosse">Celine Fosse</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse, Chimie ParisTech (ENSCP), Paris, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galy, Valier" sort="Galy, Valier" uniqKey="Galy V" first="Valier" last="Galy">Valier Galy</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts, Woods Hole, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grice, Kliti" sort="Grice, Kliti" uniqKey="Grice K" first="Kliti" last="Grice">Kliti Grice</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Chemistry, WA‐OIGC, Curtin University, Western Australia, Perth, Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hinrichs, Kai We" sort="Hinrichs, Kai We" uniqKey="Hinrichs K" first="Kai-Uwe" last="Hinrichs">Kai-Uwe Hinrichs</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Department of Geoscience, University of Bremen, Bremen, Leobenerstrasse, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Yongsong" sort="Huang, Yongsong" uniqKey="Huang Y" first="Yongsong" last="Huang">Yongsong Huang</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Rhode Island, Providence, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huguet, Arnaud" sort="Huguet, Arnaud" uniqKey="Huguet A" first="Arnaud" last="Huguet">Arnaud Huguet</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>BioEMCo, UMR 7618, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huguet, Carme" sort="Huguet, Carme" uniqKey="Huguet C" first="Carme" last="Huguet">Carme Huguet</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hurley, Sarah" sort="Hurley, Sarah" uniqKey="Hurley S" first="Sarah" last="Hurley">Sarah Hurley</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ingalls, Anitra" sort="Ingalls, Anitra" uniqKey="Ingalls A" first="Anitra" last="Ingalls">Anitra Ingalls</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jia, Guodong" sort="Jia, Guodong" uniqKey="Jia G" first="Guodong" last="Jia">Guodong Jia</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Keely, Brendan" sort="Keely, Brendan" uniqKey="Keely B" first="Brendan" last="Keely">Brendan Keely</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Knappy, Chris" sort="Knappy, Chris" uniqKey="Knappy C" first="Chris" last="Knappy">Chris Knappy</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kondo, Miyuki" sort="Kondo, Miyuki" uniqKey="Kondo M" first="Miyuki" last="Kondo">Miyuki Kondo</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Krishnan, Srinath" sort="Krishnan, Srinath" uniqKey="Krishnan S" first="Srinath" last="Krishnan">Srinath Krishnan</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lincoln, Sara" sort="Lincoln, Sara" uniqKey="Lincoln S" first="Sara" last="Lincoln">Sara Lincoln</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lipp, Julius" sort="Lipp, Julius" uniqKey="Lipp J" first="Julius" last="Lipp">Julius Lipp</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Department of Geoscience, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mangelsdorf, Kai" sort="Mangelsdorf, Kai" uniqKey="Mangelsdorf K" first="Kai" last="Mangelsdorf">Kai Mangelsdorf</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez Arcia, Alfredo" sort="Martinez Arcia, Alfredo" uniqKey="Martinez Arcia A" first="Alfredo" last="Martínez-García">Alfredo Martínez-García</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Geologisches Institut, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Menot, Guillemette" sort="Menot, Guillemette" uniqKey="Menot G" first="Guillemette" last="Ménot">Guillemette Ménot</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>CEREGE (UMR 6635), Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Aix‐en‐Provence, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mets, Anchelique" sort="Mets, Anchelique" uniqKey="Mets A" first="Anchelique" last="Mets">Anchelique Mets</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, Den Burg, Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mollenhauer, Gesine" sort="Mollenhauer, Gesine" uniqKey="Mollenhauer G" first="Gesine" last="Mollenhauer">Gesine Mollenhauer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Alfred Wegener Institute, Bremerhaven, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ohkouchi, Naohiko" sort="Ohkouchi, Naohiko" uniqKey="Ohkouchi N" first="Naohiko" last="Ohkouchi">Naohiko Ohkouchi</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ossebaar, Jort" sort="Ossebaar, Jort" uniqKey="Ossebaar J" first="Jort" last="Ossebaar">Jort Ossebaar</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, Den Burg, Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pagani, Mark" sort="Pagani, Mark" uniqKey="Pagani M" first="Mark" last="Pagani">Mark Pagani</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pancost, Richard D" sort="Pancost, Richard D" uniqKey="Pancost R" first="Richard D." last="Pancost">Richard D. Pancost</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Organic Geochemistry Unit, Bristol Biogeochemistry Research Centre and The Cabot Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pearson, Emma J" sort="Pearson, Emma J" uniqKey="Pearson E" first="Emma J." last="Pearson">Emma J. Pearson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Geography, Politics & Sociology, Newcastle University, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peterse, Francien" sort="Peterse, Francien" uniqKey="Peterse F" first="Francien" last="Peterse">Francien Peterse</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>ETH Zürich – Biogeosciences, Zurich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reichart, Gert An" sort="Reichart, Gert An" uniqKey="Reichart G" first="Gert-Jan" last="Reichart">Gert-Jan Reichart</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schaeffer, Philippe" sort="Schaeffer, Philippe" uniqKey="Schaeffer P" first="Philippe" last="Schaeffer">Philippe Schaeffer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Moléculaire, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177, Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg‐CNRS, E.C.P.M., France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmitt, Gaby" sort="Schmitt, Gaby" uniqKey="Schmitt G" first="Gaby" last="Schmitt">Gaby Schmitt</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Moléculaire, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177, Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg‐CNRS, E.C.P.M., France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schwark, Lorenz" sort="Schwark, Lorenz" uniqKey="Schwark L" first="Lorenz" last="Schwark">Lorenz Schwark</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Organic Geochemistry, Institute of Geosciences, Christian‐Albrechts‐University, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shah, Sunita R" sort="Shah, Sunita R" uniqKey="Shah S" first="Sunita R." last="Shah">Sunita R. Shah</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Geology and Geophysics Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts, Woods Hole, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Richard W" sort="Smith, Richard W" uniqKey="Smith R" first="Richard W." last="Smith">Richard W. Smith</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, Groton, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smittenberg, Rienk H" sort="Smittenberg, Rienk H" uniqKey="Smittenberg R" first="Rienk H." last="Smittenberg">Rienk H. Smittenberg</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Summons, Roger E" sort="Summons, Roger E" uniqKey="Summons R" first="Roger E." last="Summons">Roger E. Summons</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Takano, Yoshinori" sort="Takano, Yoshinori" uniqKey="Takano Y" first="Yoshinori" last="Takano">Yoshinori Takano</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Talbot, Helen M" sort="Talbot, Helen M" uniqKey="Talbot H" first="Helen M." last="Talbot">Helen M. Talbot</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Kyle W R" sort="Taylor, Kyle W R" uniqKey="Taylor K" first="Kyle W. R." last="Taylor">Kyle W. R. Taylor</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Organic Geochemistry Unit, Bristol Biogeochemistry Research Centre and The Cabot Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tarozo, Rafael" sort="Tarozo, Rafael" uniqKey="Tarozo R" first="Rafael" last="Tarozo">Rafael Tarozo</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Rhode Island, Providence, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uchida, Masao" sort="Uchida, Masao" uniqKey="Uchida M" first="Masao" last="Uchida">Masao Uchida</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Dongen, Bart E" sort="Van Dongen, Bart E" uniqKey="Van Dongen B" first="Bart E." last="Van Dongen">Bart E. Van Dongen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Mooy, Benjamin A S" sort="Van Mooy, Benjamin A S" uniqKey="Van Mooy B" first="Benjamin A. S." last="Van Mooy">Benjamin A. S. Van Mooy</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts, Woods Hole, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Jinxiang" sort="Wang, Jinxiang" uniqKey="Wang J" first="Jinxiang" last="Wang">Jinxiang Wang</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, The School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Tongji University, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Georgia, Athens, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Warren, Courtney" sort="Warren, Courtney" uniqKey="Warren C" first="Courtney" last="Warren">Courtney Warren</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weijers, Johan W H" sort="Weijers, Johan W H" uniqKey="Weijers J" first="Johan W. H." last="Weijers">Johan W. H. Weijers</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Werne, Josef P" sort="Werne, Josef P" uniqKey="Werne J" first="Josef P." last="Werne">Josef P. Werne</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Large Lakes Observatory, University of Minnesota – Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at Department of Geology & Planetary Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Woltering, Martijn" sort="Woltering, Martijn" uniqKey="Woltering M" first="Martijn" last="Woltering">Martijn Woltering</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Chemistry, WA‐OIGC, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at CSIRO Earth Science and Reservoir Engineering, Western Australia, Bentley, Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xie, Shucheng" sort="Xie, Shucheng" uniqKey="Xie S" first="Shucheng" last="Xie">Shucheng Xie</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>State Key Lab of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yamamoto, Masanobu" sort="Yamamoto, Masanobu" uniqKey="Yamamoto M" first="Masanobu" last="Yamamoto">Masanobu Yamamoto</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Kita‐ku, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Huan" sort="Yang, Huan" uniqKey="Yang H" first="Huan" last="Yang">Huan Yang</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Chuanlun L" sort="Zhang, Chuanlun L" uniqKey="Zhang C" first="Chuanlun L." last="Zhang">Chuanlun L. Zhang</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, The School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Tongji University, Shanghai, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Georgia, Athens, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Yige" sort="Zhang, Yige" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Yige" last="Zhang">Yige Zhang</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Meixun" sort="Zhao, Meixun" uniqKey="Zhao M" first="Meixun" last="Zhao">Meixun Zhao</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Damste, Jaap S Sinninghe" sort="Damste, Jaap S Sinninghe" uniqKey="Damste J" first="Jaap S. Sinninghe" last="Damsté">Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, Den Burg, Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:94D2B4124AFA103468886030E0CBDCE2311F8F5B</idno><date when="2013" year="2013">2013</date><idno type="doi">10.1002/2013GC004904</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/94D2B4124AFA103468886030E0CBDCE2311F8F5B/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">002288</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">002288</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main">An interlaboratory study of TEX<hi rend="subscript">86</hi> and BIT analysis of sediments, extracts, and standard mixtures</title><author><name sortKey="Schouten, Stefan" sort="Schouten, Stefan" uniqKey="Schouten S" first="Stefan" last="Schouten">Stefan Schouten</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, NL‐1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: stefan.schouten@nioz.nl</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hopmans, Ellen C" sort="Hopmans, Ellen C" uniqKey="Hopmans E" first="Ellen C." last="Hopmans">Ellen C. Hopmans</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, NL‐1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rosell Ele, Antoni" sort="Rosell Ele, Antoni" uniqKey="Rosell Ele A" first="Antoni" last="Rosell-Melé">Antoni Rosell-Melé</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>ICREA, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>ICTA, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pearson, Ann" sort="Pearson, Ann" uniqKey="Pearson A" first="Ann" last="Pearson">Ann Pearson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adam, Pierre" sort="Adam, Pierre" uniqKey="Adam P" first="Pierre" last="Adam">Pierre Adam</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Moléculaire, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177, Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg‐CNRS, E.C.P.M., France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bauersachs, Thorsten" sort="Bauersachs, Thorsten" uniqKey="Bauersachs T" first="Thorsten" last="Bauersachs">Thorsten Bauersachs</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Organic Geochemistry, Institute of Geosciences, Christian‐Albrechts‐University, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bard, Edouard" sort="Bard, Edouard" uniqKey="Bard E" first="Edouard" last="Bard">Edouard Bard</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>CEREGE (UMR 6635), Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Aix‐en‐Provence, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bernasconi, Stefano M" sort="Bernasconi, Stefano M" uniqKey="Bernasconi S" first="Stefano M." last="Bernasconi">Stefano M. Bernasconi</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>ETH Zürich, Geologisches Institut, Zurich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bianchi, Thomas S" sort="Bianchi, Thomas S" uniqKey="Bianchi T" first="Thomas S." last="Bianchi">Thomas S. Bianchi</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Florida, Gainesville, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brocks, Jochen J" sort="Brocks, Jochen J" uniqKey="Brocks J" first="Jochen J." last="Brocks">Jochen J. Brocks</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carlson, Laura Truxal" sort="Carlson, Laura Truxal" uniqKey="Carlson L" first="Laura Truxal" last="Carlson">Laura Truxal Carlson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Casta Eda, Isla S" sort="Casta Eda, Isla S" uniqKey="Casta Eda I" first="Isla S." last="Casta Eda">Isla S. Casta Eda</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, Amherst, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Derenne, Sylvie" sort="Derenne, Sylvie" uniqKey="Derenne S" first="Sylvie" last="Derenne">Sylvie Derenne</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>BioEMCo, UMR 7618, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Selver, Ayca Do Rul" sort="Selver, Ayca Do Rul" uniqKey="Selver A" first="Ayça Do Rul" last="Selver">Ayça Do Rul Selver</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dutta, Koushik" sort="Dutta, Koushik" uniqKey="Dutta K" first="Koushik" last="Dutta">Koushik Dutta</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Large Lakes Observatory, University of Minnesota – Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Northwestern University, Illinois, Evanston, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eglinton, Timothy" sort="Eglinton, Timothy" uniqKey="Eglinton T" first="Timothy" last="Eglinton">Timothy Eglinton</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>ETH Zürich – Biogeosciences, Zurich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fosse, Celine" sort="Fosse, Celine" uniqKey="Fosse C" first="Celine" last="Fosse">Celine Fosse</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse, Chimie ParisTech (ENSCP), Paris, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galy, Valier" sort="Galy, Valier" uniqKey="Galy V" first="Valier" last="Galy">Valier Galy</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts, Woods Hole, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Grice, Kliti" sort="Grice, Kliti" uniqKey="Grice K" first="Kliti" last="Grice">Kliti Grice</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Chemistry, WA‐OIGC, Curtin University, Western Australia, Perth, Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hinrichs, Kai We" sort="Hinrichs, Kai We" uniqKey="Hinrichs K" first="Kai-Uwe" last="Hinrichs">Kai-Uwe Hinrichs</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Department of Geoscience, University of Bremen, Bremen, Leobenerstrasse, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Yongsong" sort="Huang, Yongsong" uniqKey="Huang Y" first="Yongsong" last="Huang">Yongsong Huang</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Rhode Island, Providence, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huguet, Arnaud" sort="Huguet, Arnaud" uniqKey="Huguet A" first="Arnaud" last="Huguet">Arnaud Huguet</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>BioEMCo, UMR 7618, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huguet, Carme" sort="Huguet, Carme" uniqKey="Huguet C" first="Carme" last="Huguet">Carme Huguet</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hurley, Sarah" sort="Hurley, Sarah" uniqKey="Hurley S" first="Sarah" last="Hurley">Sarah Hurley</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ingalls, Anitra" sort="Ingalls, Anitra" uniqKey="Ingalls A" first="Anitra" last="Ingalls">Anitra Ingalls</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jia, Guodong" sort="Jia, Guodong" uniqKey="Jia G" first="Guodong" last="Jia">Guodong Jia</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Keely, Brendan" sort="Keely, Brendan" uniqKey="Keely B" first="Brendan" last="Keely">Brendan Keely</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Knappy, Chris" sort="Knappy, Chris" uniqKey="Knappy C" first="Chris" last="Knappy">Chris Knappy</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kondo, Miyuki" sort="Kondo, Miyuki" uniqKey="Kondo M" first="Miyuki" last="Kondo">Miyuki Kondo</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Krishnan, Srinath" sort="Krishnan, Srinath" uniqKey="Krishnan S" first="Srinath" last="Krishnan">Srinath Krishnan</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lincoln, Sara" sort="Lincoln, Sara" uniqKey="Lincoln S" first="Sara" last="Lincoln">Sara Lincoln</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lipp, Julius" sort="Lipp, Julius" uniqKey="Lipp J" first="Julius" last="Lipp">Julius Lipp</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Department of Geoscience, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mangelsdorf, Kai" sort="Mangelsdorf, Kai" uniqKey="Mangelsdorf K" first="Kai" last="Mangelsdorf">Kai Mangelsdorf</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martinez Arcia, Alfredo" sort="Martinez Arcia, Alfredo" uniqKey="Martinez Arcia A" first="Alfredo" last="Martínez-García">Alfredo Martínez-García</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Geologisches Institut, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Menot, Guillemette" sort="Menot, Guillemette" uniqKey="Menot G" first="Guillemette" last="Ménot">Guillemette Ménot</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>CEREGE (UMR 6635), Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Aix‐en‐Provence, France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mets, Anchelique" sort="Mets, Anchelique" uniqKey="Mets A" first="Anchelique" last="Mets">Anchelique Mets</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, Den Burg, Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mollenhauer, Gesine" sort="Mollenhauer, Gesine" uniqKey="Mollenhauer G" first="Gesine" last="Mollenhauer">Gesine Mollenhauer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Alfred Wegener Institute, Bremerhaven, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ohkouchi, Naohiko" sort="Ohkouchi, Naohiko" uniqKey="Ohkouchi N" first="Naohiko" last="Ohkouchi">Naohiko Ohkouchi</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ossebaar, Jort" sort="Ossebaar, Jort" uniqKey="Ossebaar J" first="Jort" last="Ossebaar">Jort Ossebaar</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, Den Burg, Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pagani, Mark" sort="Pagani, Mark" uniqKey="Pagani M" first="Mark" last="Pagani">Mark Pagani</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pancost, Richard D" sort="Pancost, Richard D" uniqKey="Pancost R" first="Richard D." last="Pancost">Richard D. Pancost</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Organic Geochemistry Unit, Bristol Biogeochemistry Research Centre and The Cabot Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pearson, Emma J" sort="Pearson, Emma J" uniqKey="Pearson E" first="Emma J." last="Pearson">Emma J. Pearson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Geography, Politics & Sociology, Newcastle University, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Peterse, Francien" sort="Peterse, Francien" uniqKey="Peterse F" first="Francien" last="Peterse">Francien Peterse</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>ETH Zürich – Biogeosciences, Zurich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reichart, Gert An" sort="Reichart, Gert An" uniqKey="Reichart G" first="Gert-Jan" last="Reichart">Gert-Jan Reichart</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schaeffer, Philippe" sort="Schaeffer, Philippe" uniqKey="Schaeffer P" first="Philippe" last="Schaeffer">Philippe Schaeffer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Moléculaire, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177, Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg‐CNRS, E.C.P.M., France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmitt, Gaby" sort="Schmitt, Gaby" uniqKey="Schmitt G" first="Gaby" last="Schmitt">Gaby Schmitt</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Moléculaire, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177, Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg‐CNRS, E.C.P.M., France</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schwark, Lorenz" sort="Schwark, Lorenz" uniqKey="Schwark L" first="Lorenz" last="Schwark">Lorenz Schwark</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Organic Geochemistry, Institute of Geosciences, Christian‐Albrechts‐University, Kiel, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shah, Sunita R" sort="Shah, Sunita R" uniqKey="Shah S" first="Sunita R." last="Shah">Sunita R. Shah</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Geology and Geophysics Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts, Woods Hole, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Richard W" sort="Smith, Richard W" uniqKey="Smith R" first="Richard W." last="Smith">Richard W. Smith</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, Groton, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smittenberg, Rienk H" sort="Smittenberg, Rienk H" uniqKey="Smittenberg R" first="Rienk H." last="Smittenberg">Rienk H. Smittenberg</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Summons, Roger E" sort="Summons, Roger E" uniqKey="Summons R" first="Roger E." last="Summons">Roger E. Summons</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Takano, Yoshinori" sort="Takano, Yoshinori" uniqKey="Takano Y" first="Yoshinori" last="Takano">Yoshinori Takano</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Talbot, Helen M" sort="Talbot, Helen M" uniqKey="Talbot H" first="Helen M." last="Talbot">Helen M. Talbot</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Taylor, Kyle W R" sort="Taylor, Kyle W R" uniqKey="Taylor K" first="Kyle W. R." last="Taylor">Kyle W. R. Taylor</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Organic Geochemistry Unit, Bristol Biogeochemistry Research Centre and The Cabot Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tarozo, Rafael" sort="Tarozo, Rafael" uniqKey="Tarozo R" first="Rafael" last="Tarozo">Rafael Tarozo</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Rhode Island, Providence, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Uchida, Masao" sort="Uchida, Masao" uniqKey="Uchida M" first="Masao" last="Uchida">Masao Uchida</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Dongen, Bart E" sort="Van Dongen, Bart E" uniqKey="Van Dongen B" first="Bart E." last="Van Dongen">Bart E. Van Dongen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Mooy, Benjamin A S" sort="Van Mooy, Benjamin A S" uniqKey="Van Mooy B" first="Benjamin A. S." last="Van Mooy">Benjamin A. S. Van Mooy</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts, Woods Hole, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Jinxiang" sort="Wang, Jinxiang" uniqKey="Wang J" first="Jinxiang" last="Wang">Jinxiang Wang</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, The School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Tongji University, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Georgia, Athens, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Warren, Courtney" sort="Warren, Courtney" uniqKey="Warren C" first="Courtney" last="Warren">Courtney Warren</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weijers, Johan W H" sort="Weijers, Johan W H" uniqKey="Weijers J" first="Johan W. H." last="Weijers">Johan W. H. Weijers</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Werne, Josef P" sort="Werne, Josef P" uniqKey="Werne J" first="Josef P." last="Werne">Josef P. Werne</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Large Lakes Observatory, University of Minnesota – Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at Department of Geology & Planetary Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Woltering, Martijn" sort="Woltering, Martijn" uniqKey="Woltering M" first="Martijn" last="Woltering">Martijn Woltering</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Chemistry, WA‐OIGC, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Now at CSIRO Earth Science and Reservoir Engineering, Western Australia, Bentley, Australia</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xie, Shucheng" sort="Xie, Shucheng" uniqKey="Xie S" first="Shucheng" last="Xie">Shucheng Xie</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>State Key Lab of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yamamoto, Masanobu" sort="Yamamoto, Masanobu" uniqKey="Yamamoto M" first="Masanobu" last="Yamamoto">Masanobu Yamamoto</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Kita‐ku, Japan</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Huan" sort="Yang, Huan" uniqKey="Yang H" first="Huan" last="Yang">Huan Yang</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Chuanlun L" sort="Zhang, Chuanlun L" uniqKey="Zhang C" first="Chuanlun L." last="Zhang">Chuanlun L. Zhang</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, The School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Tongji University, Shanghai, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Georgia, Athens, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Yige" sort="Zhang, Yige" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Yige" last="Zhang">Yige Zhang</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Meixun" sort="Zhao, Meixun" uniqKey="Zhao M" first="Meixun" last="Zhao">Meixun Zhao</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Damste, Jaap S Sinninghe" sort="Damste, Jaap S Sinninghe" uniqKey="Damste J" first="Jaap S. Sinninghe" last="Damsté">Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, Den Burg, Netherlands</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems</title><title level="j" type="alt">GEOCHEMISTRY, GEOPHYSICS, GEOSYSTEMS</title><idno type="ISSN">1525-2027</idno><idno type="eISSN">1525-2027</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">14</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">12</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="5263">5263</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="5285">5285</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">23</biblScope><date type="published" when="2013-12">2013-12</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1525-2027</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1525-2027</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Acta</term><term>Agilent</term><term>Amber glass vials</term><term>Bacterial gdgts</term><term>Bitmol</term><term>Bitmol values</term><term>Bitms</term><term>Bitms values</term><term>Carolina margin</term><term>Column none</term><term>Correction factor</term><term>Crenarchaeol</term><term>Cyano</term><term>Damst</term><term>Earth sciences</term><term>Gdgt</term><term>Gdgt mixture</term><term>Gdgt mixtures</term><term>Gdgt standards</term><term>Gdgts</term><term>Geochem</term><term>Geochemistry</term><term>Geological sciences</term><term>Geophys</term><term>Geosciences</term><term>Glycerol</term><term>Harvard university</term><term>High performance</term><term>Hopmans</term><term>Huguet</term><term>Index round robin</term><term>Index round robin table</term><term>Index values</term><term>Individual laboratories</term><term>Interlaboratory</term><term>Interlaboratory comparison study</term><term>Interlaboratory study</term><term>Ion</term><term>Isoprenoid</term><term>Laboratory number</term><term>Lipid</term><term>Marine geology</term><term>Marine sciences</term><term>Marine sediments</term><term>Mass scanning</term><term>Mass spectrometry techniques</term><term>Median</term><term>Meoh</term><term>Molar ratios</term><term>Netherlands institute</term><term>Organic fraction</term><term>Organic fractions</term><term>Organic geochemistry</term><term>Outlier</term><term>Outlier removal</term><term>Planetary sciences</term><term>Previous study</term><term>Quad</term><term>Quadrupole</term><term>Repeatability</term><term>Reproducibility</term><term>Robin</term><term>Salt pond</term><term>Schouten</term><term>Sediment</term><term>Single quad</term><term>Sinninghe</term><term>Sinninghe damst</term><term>Sio2</term><term>Spectrometer</term><term>Spectrometry</term><term>Standard mixtures</term><term>Tetraether</term><term>Thermo</term><term>Tongji university</term><term>Vial</term><term>Water depth</term><term>Weijers</term><term>Western australia</term><term>Woods hole</term><term>Yale university</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Acta</term><term>Agilent</term><term>Amber glass vials</term><term>Bacterial gdgts</term><term>Bitmol</term><term>Bitmol values</term><term>Bitms</term><term>Bitms values</term><term>Carolina margin</term><term>Column none</term><term>Correction factor</term><term>Crenarchaeol</term><term>Cyano</term><term>Damst</term><term>Earth sciences</term><term>Gdgt</term><term>Gdgt mixture</term><term>Gdgt mixtures</term><term>Gdgt standards</term><term>Gdgts</term><term>Geochem</term><term>Geochemistry</term><term>Geological sciences</term><term>Geophys</term><term>Geosciences</term><term>Glycerol</term><term>Harvard university</term><term>High performance</term><term>Hopmans</term><term>Huguet</term><term>Index round robin</term><term>Index round robin table</term><term>Index values</term><term>Individual laboratories</term><term>Interlaboratory</term><term>Interlaboratory comparison study</term><term>Interlaboratory study</term><term>Ion</term><term>Isoprenoid</term><term>Laboratory number</term><term>Lipid</term><term>Marine geology</term><term>Marine sciences</term><term>Marine sediments</term><term>Mass scanning</term><term>Mass spectrometry techniques</term><term>Median</term><term>Meoh</term><term>Molar ratios</term><term>Netherlands institute</term><term>Organic fraction</term><term>Organic fractions</term><term>Organic geochemistry</term><term>Outlier</term><term>Outlier removal</term><term>Planetary sciences</term><term>Previous study</term><term>Quad</term><term>Quadrupole</term><term>Repeatability</term><term>Reproducibility</term><term>Robin</term><term>Salt pond</term><term>Schouten</term><term>Sediment</term><term>Single quad</term><term>Sinninghe</term><term>Sinninghe damst</term><term>Sio2</term><term>Spectrometer</term><term>Spectrometry</term><term>Standard mixtures</term><term>Tetraether</term><term>Thermo</term><term>Tongji university</term><term>Vial</term><term>Water depth</term><term>Weijers</term><term>Western australia</term><term>Woods hole</term><term>Yale university</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Two commonly used proxies based on the distribution of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are the TEX86 (TetraEther indeX of 86 carbon atoms) paleothermometer for sea surface temperature reconstructions and the BIT (Branched Isoprenoid Tetraether) index for reconstructing soil organic matter input to the ocean. An initial round‐robin study of two sediment extracts, in which 15 laboratories participated, showed relatively consistent TEX86 values (reproducibility ±3–4°C when translated to temperature) but a large spread in BIT measurements (reproducibility ±0.41 on a scale of 0–1). Here we report results of a second round‐robin study with 35 laboratories in which three sediments, one sediment extract, and two mixtures of pure, isolated GDGTs were analyzed. The results for TEX86 and BIT index showed improvement compared to the previous round‐robin study. The reproducibility, indicating interlaboratory variation, of TEX86 values ranged from 1.3 to 3.0°C when translated to temperature. These results are similar to those of other temperature proxies used in paleoceanography. Comparison of the results obtained from one of the three sediments showed that TEX86 and BIT indices are not significantly affected by interlaboratory differences in sediment extraction techniques. BIT values of the sediments and extracts were at the extremes of the index with values close to 0 or 1, and showed good reproducibility (ranging from 0.013 to 0.042). However, the measured BIT values for the two GDGT mixtures, with known molar ratios of crenarchaeol and branched GDGTs, had intermediate BIT values and showed poor reproducibility and a large overestimation of the “true” (i.e., molar‐based) BIT index. The latter is likely due to, among other factors, the higher mass spectrometric response of branched GDGTs compared to crenarchaeol, which also varies among mass spectrometers. Correction for this different mass spectrometric response showed a considerable improvement in the reproducibility of BIT index measurements among laboratories, as well as a substantially improved estimation of molar‐based BIT values. This suggests that standard mixtures should be used in order to obtain consistent, and molar‐based, BIT values.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>schouten</json:string><json:string>gdgts</json:string><json:string>cyano</json:string><json:string>repeatability</json:string><json:string>quad</json:string><json:string>gdgt</json:string><json:string>crenarchaeol</json:string><json:string>agilent</json:string><json:string>damst</json:string><json:string>sinninghe</json:string><json:string>sinninghe damst</json:string><json:string>sediment</json:string><json:string>reproducibility</json:string><json:string>hopmans</json:string><json:string>bitmol</json:string><json:string>bitms</json:string><json:string>lipid</json:string><json:string>geochem</json:string><json:string>outlier</json:string><json:string>interlaboratory</json:string><json:string>tetraether</json:string><json:string>gdgt mixtures</json:string><json:string>meoh</json:string><json:string>sio2</json:string><json:string>vial</json:string><json:string>weijers</json:string><json:string>geosciences</json:string><json:string>spectrometry</json:string><json:string>bitms values</json:string><json:string>gdgt mixture</json:string><json:string>huguet</json:string><json:string>index round robin</json:string><json:string>quadrupole</json:string><json:string>thermo</json:string><json:string>index round robin table</json:string><json:string>isoprenoid</json:string><json:string>acta</json:string><json:string>geophys</json:string><json:string>bitmol values</json:string><json:string>woods hole</json:string><json:string>robin</json:string><json:string>standard mixtures</json:string><json:string>previous study</json:string><json:string>earth sciences</json:string><json:string>index values</json:string><json:string>marine sediments</json:string><json:string>netherlands institute</json:string><json:string>gdgt standards</json:string><json:string>water depth</json:string><json:string>geological sciences</json:string><json:string>outlier removal</json:string><json:string>yale university</json:string><json:string>median</json:string><json:string>marine sciences</json:string><json:string>marine geology</json:string><json:string>column none</json:string><json:string>tongji university</json:string><json:string>interlaboratory study</json:string><json:string>harvard university</json:string><json:string>interlaboratory comparison study</json:string><json:string>organic geochemistry</json:string><json:string>single quad</json:string><json:string>correction factor</json:string><json:string>mass scanning</json:string><json:string>molar ratios</json:string><json:string>western australia</json:string><json:string>laboratory number</json:string><json:string>organic fractions</json:string><json:string>mass spectrometry techniques</json:string><json:string>salt pond</json:string><json:string>individual laboratories</json:string><json:string>high performance</json:string><json:string>amber glass vials</json:string><json:string>carolina margin</json:string><json:string>organic fraction</json:string><json:string>planetary sciences</json:string><json:string>bacterial gdgts</json:string><json:string>ion</json:string><json:string>glycerol</json:string><json:string>geochemistry</json:string><json:string>spectrometer</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>Stefan Schouten</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, NL‐1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands</json:string><json:string>E-mail: stefan.schouten@nioz.nl</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ellen C. Hopmans</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, NL‐1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Antoni Rosell‐Melé</name><affiliations><json:string>ICREA, Barcelona, Spain</json:string><json:string>ICTA, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ann Pearson</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Pierre Adam</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Moléculaire, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177, Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg‐CNRS, E.C.P.M., France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Thorsten Bauersachs</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Organic Geochemistry, Institute of Geosciences, Christian‐Albrechts‐University, Kiel, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Edouard Bard</name><affiliations><json:string>CEREGE (UMR 6635), Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Aix‐en‐Provence, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Stefano M. Bernasconi</name><affiliations><json:string>ETH Zürich, Geologisches Institut, Zurich, Switzerland</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Thomas S. Bianchi</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA</json:string><json:string>Now at Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Florida, Gainesville, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jochen J. Brocks</name><affiliations><json:string>Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, Australia</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Laura Truxal Carlson</name><affiliations><json:string>School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Isla S. Castañeda</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, Amherst, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Sylvie Derenne</name><affiliations><json:string>BioEMCo, UMR 7618, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ayça Doğrul Selver</name><affiliations><json:string>School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Koushik Dutta</name><affiliations><json:string>Large Lakes Observatory, University of Minnesota – Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA</json:string><json:string>Now at Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Northwestern University, Illinois, Evanston, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Timothy Eglinton</name><affiliations><json:string>ETH Zürich – Biogeosciences, Zurich, Switzerland</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Celine Fosse</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse, Chimie ParisTech (ENSCP), Paris, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Valier Galy</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts, Woods Hole, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Kliti Grice</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Chemistry, WA‐OIGC, Curtin University, Western Australia, Perth, Australia</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Kai‐Uwe Hinrichs</name><affiliations><json:string>MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Department of Geoscience, University of Bremen, Bremen, Leobenerstrasse, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Yongsong Huang</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Rhode Island, Providence, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Arnaud Huguet</name><affiliations><json:string>BioEMCo, UMR 7618, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Carme Huguet</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Sarah Hurley</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Anitra Ingalls</name><affiliations><json:string>School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Guodong Jia</name><affiliations><json:string>Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Brendan Keely</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Chris Knappy</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Miyuki Kondo</name><affiliations><json:string>Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Srinath Krishnan</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Sara Lincoln</name><affiliations><json:string>Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Julius Lipp</name><affiliations><json:string>MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Department of Geoscience, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Kai Mangelsdorf</name><affiliations><json:string>Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Alfredo Martínez‐García</name><affiliations><json:string>Geologisches Institut, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Guillemette Ménot</name><affiliations><json:string>CEREGE (UMR 6635), Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Aix‐en‐Provence, France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Anchelique Mets</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, Den Burg, Netherlands</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Gesine Mollenhauer</name><affiliations><json:string>Alfred Wegener Institute, Bremerhaven, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Naohiko Ohkouchi</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jort Ossebaar</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, Den Burg, Netherlands</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Mark Pagani</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Richard D. Pancost</name><affiliations><json:string>Organic Geochemistry Unit, Bristol Biogeochemistry Research Centre and The Cabot Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Emma J. Pearson</name><affiliations><json:string>School of Geography, Politics & Sociology, Newcastle University, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Francien Peterse</name><affiliations><json:string>ETH Zürich – Biogeosciences, Zurich, Switzerland</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Gert‐Jan Reichart</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Philippe Schaeffer</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Moléculaire, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177, Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg‐CNRS, E.C.P.M., France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Gaby Schmitt</name><affiliations><json:string>Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Moléculaire, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177, Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg‐CNRS, E.C.P.M., France</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Lorenz Schwark</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Organic Geochemistry, Institute of Geosciences, Christian‐Albrechts‐University, Kiel, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Sunita R. Shah</name><affiliations><json:string>Geology and Geophysics Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts, Woods Hole, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Richard W. Smith</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA</json:string><json:string>Now at Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, Groton, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Rienk H. Smittenberg</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Roger E. Summons</name><affiliations><json:string>Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Yoshinori Takano</name><affiliations><json:string>Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Helen M. Talbot</name><affiliations><json:string>School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Kyle W. R. Taylor</name><affiliations><json:string>Organic Geochemistry Unit, Bristol Biogeochemistry Research Centre and The Cabot Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Rafael Tarozo</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Rhode Island, Providence, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Masao Uchida</name><affiliations><json:string>Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Bart E. van Dongen</name><affiliations><json:string>School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Benjamin A. S. Van Mooy</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts, Woods Hole, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jinxiang Wang</name><affiliations><json:string>State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, The School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Tongji University, China</json:string><json:string>Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Georgia, Athens, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Courtney Warren</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Johan W. H. Weijers</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Josef P. Werne</name><affiliations><json:string>Large Lakes Observatory, University of Minnesota – Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA</json:string><json:string>Now at Department of Geology & Planetary Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Martijn Woltering</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Chemistry, WA‐OIGC, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia</json:string><json:string>Now at CSIRO Earth Science and Reservoir Engineering, Western Australia, Bentley, Australia</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Shucheng Xie</name><affiliations><json:string>State Key Lab of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Masanobu Yamamoto</name><affiliations><json:string>Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Kita‐ku, Japan</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Huan Yang</name><affiliations><json:string>State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Chuanlun L. Zhang</name><affiliations><json:string>State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, The School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Tongji University, Shanghai, China</json:string><json:string>Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Georgia, Athens, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Yige Zhang</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Meixun Zhao</name><affiliations><json:string>Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, Den Burg, Netherlands</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>TEX86</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>BIT</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>GDGT</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>round robin</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>GGGE20331</json:string></articleId><arkIstex>ark:/67375/WNG-KD3MK0XN-C</arkIstex><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Two commonly used proxies based on the distribution of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are the TEX86 (TetraEther indeX of 86 carbon atoms) paleothermometer for sea surface temperature reconstructions and the BIT (Branched Isoprenoid Tetraether) index for reconstructing soil organic matter input to the ocean. An initial round‐robin study of two sediment extracts, in which 15 laboratories participated, showed relatively consistent TEX86 values (reproducibility ±3–4°C when translated to temperature) but a large spread in BIT measurements (reproducibility ±0.41 on a scale of 0–1). Here we report results of a second round‐robin study with 35 laboratories in which three sediments, one sediment extract, and two mixtures of pure, isolated GDGTs were analyzed. The results for TEX86 and BIT index showed improvement compared to the previous round‐robin study. The reproducibility, indicating interlaboratory variation, of TEX86 values ranged from 1.3 to 3.0°C when translated to temperature. These results are similar to those of other temperature proxies used in paleoceanography. Comparison of the results obtained from one of the three sediments showed that TEX86 and BIT indices are not significantly affected by interlaboratory differences in sediment extraction techniques. BIT values of the sediments and extracts were at the extremes of the index with values close to 0 or 1, and showed good reproducibility (ranging from 0.013 to 0.042). However, the measured BIT values for the two GDGT mixtures, with known molar ratios of crenarchaeol and branched GDGTs, had intermediate BIT values and showed poor reproducibility and a large overestimation of the “true” (i.e., molar‐based) BIT index. The latter is likely due to, among other factors, the higher mass spectrometric response of branched GDGTs compared to crenarchaeol, which also varies among mass spectrometers. Correction for this different mass spectrometric response showed a considerable improvement in the reproducibility of BIT index measurements among laboratories, as well as a substantially improved estimation of molar‐based BIT values. This suggests that standard mixtures should be used in order to obtain consistent, and molar‐based, BIT values.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>10</score><pdfWordCount>8425</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>60979</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.3</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>23</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>609.789 x 807.137 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>326</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>2237</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>4</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>An interlaboratory study of TEX86 and BIT analysis of sediments, extracts, and standard mixtures</title><genre><json:string>article</json:string></genre><host><title>Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><doi><json:string>10.1002/(ISSN)1525-2027</json:string></doi><issn><json:string>1525-2027</json:string></issn><eissn><json:string>1525-2027</json:string></eissn><publisherId><json:string>GGGE</json:string></publisherId><volume>14</volume><issue>12</issue><pages><first>5263</first><last>5285</last><total>23</total></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><subject><json:item><value>Paleoceanography</value></json:item><json:item><value>Instruments and techniques</value></json:item><json:item><value>Geochemistry</value></json:item><json:item><value>Organic and biogenic geochemistry</value></json:item><json:item><value>Regular Article</value></json:item></subject></host><namedEntities><unitex><date><json:string>2011</json:string><json:string>2008</json:string><json:string>1996</json:string><json:string>2013-11-22</json:string></date><geogName></geogName><orgName><json:string>United Kingdom Miyuki Kondo Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis</json:string><json:string>University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</json:string><json:string>National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Bart E</json:string><json:string>F Laboratory Number</json:string><json:string>Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, Connecticut, USA Rienk H</json:string><json:string>Northwestern University</json:string><json:string>Agilent Technologies</json:string><json:string>National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Srinath Krishnan Department of Geology and Geophysics</json:string><json:string>Geochem</json:string><json:string>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences</json:string><json:string>Western Australia, Australia Now</json:string><json:string>University of York</json:string><json:string>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands</json:string><json:string>Valier Galy Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry</json:string><json:string>Weijers Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands Josef P</json:string><json:string>Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research</json:string><json:string>Brocks Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia Laura Truxal Carlson School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA Isla S</json:string><json:string>Sedimentsa Laboratory Number</json:string><json:string>Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA Jochen J</json:string><json:string>International Organization for Standardization</json:string><json:string>Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA Sylvie Derenne</json:string><json:string>Japan Jort Ossebaar Department of Marine Organic 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American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</licence></availability><date type="published" when="2013-12"></date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content-type" subtype="article" source="article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</note><note type="publication-type" subtype="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="article"><analytic><title level="a" type="main">An interlaboratory study of TEX<hi rend="subscript">86</hi> and BIT analysis of sediments, extracts, and standard mixtures</title><title level="a" type="short">TEX86 and BIT Index Round Robin</title><author xml:id="author-0000" role="corresp"><persName><forename type="first">Stefan</forename><surname>Schouten</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry</orgName><orgName>NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research</orgName><address><street>PO Box 59, NL‐1790 AB Den Burg</street><settlement type="city">Texel</settlement><country key="NL">Netherlands </country></address></affiliation><affiliation>(stefan.schouten@nioz.nl)</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Ellen C.</forename><surname>Hopmans</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry</orgName><orgName>NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research</orgName><address><street>PO Box 59, NL‐1790 AB Den Burg</street><settlement type="city">Texel</settlement><country key="NL">Netherlands </country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">Antoni</forename><surname>Rosell‐Melé</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>ICREA</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Barcelona</settlement><country key="ES">Spain</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>ICTA</orgName><orgName>Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Barcelona</settlement><country key="ES">Spain</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">Ann</forename><surname>Pearson</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences</orgName><orgName>Harvard University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement><region>Massachusetts</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">Pierre</forename><surname>Adam</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Moléculaire</orgName><orgName>Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Université de Strasbourg‐CNRS, E.C.P.M.</settlement><region>Strasbourg</region><country key="FR">France</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005"><persName><forename type="first">Thorsten</forename><surname>Bauersachs</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Organic Geochemistry</orgName><orgName>Institute of Geosciences</orgName><orgName>Christian‐Albrechts‐University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Kiel</settlement><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0006"><persName><forename type="first">Edouard</forename><surname>Bard</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>CEREGE (UMR 6635)</orgName><orgName>Aix‐Marseille Université</orgName><address><street>CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Aix‐en‐Provence</street><country key="FR">France</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0007"><persName><forename type="first">Stefano M.</forename><surname>Bernasconi</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>ETH Zürich</orgName><orgName>Geologisches Institut</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Zurich</settlement><country key="CH">Switzerland</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0008"><persName><forename type="first">Thomas S.</forename><surname>Bianchi</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Oceanography</orgName><orgName>Texas A&M University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">College Station</settlement><region>Texas</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>Now at Department of Geological Sciences</orgName><orgName>University of Florida</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Gainesville</settlement><region>Florida</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0009"><persName><forename type="first">Jochen J.</forename><surname>Brocks</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Research School of Earth Sciences</orgName><orgName>The Australian National University</orgName><address><street>ACT</street><settlement type="city">Canberra</settlement><country key="AU">Australia</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0010"><persName><forename type="first">Laura Truxal</forename><surname>Carlson</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>School of Oceanography</orgName><orgName>University of Washington</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement><region>Washington</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0011"><persName><forename type="first">Isla S.</forename><surname>Castañeda</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Geosciences</orgName><orgName>University of Massachusetts Amherst</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Amherst</settlement><region>Massachusetts</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0012"><persName><forename type="first">Sylvie</forename><surname>Derenne</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>BioEMCo, UMR 7618, CNRS</orgName><orgName>Université Pierre et Marie Curie</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><country key="FR">France</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0013"><persName><forename type="first">Ayça Doğrul</forename><surname>Selver</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science</orgName><orgName>University of Manchester</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Manchester</settlement><country key="GB">UK</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0014"><persName><forename type="first">Koushik</forename><surname>Dutta</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Large Lakes Observatory</orgName><orgName>University of Minnesota – Duluth</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Duluth</settlement><region>Minnesota</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>Now at Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences</orgName><orgName>Northwestern University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Evanston</settlement><region>Illinois</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0015"><persName><forename type="first">Timothy</forename><surname>Eglinton</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>ETH Zürich – Biogeosciences</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Zurich</settlement><country key="CH">Switzerland</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0016"><persName><forename type="first">Celine</forename><surname>Fosse</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse</orgName><orgName>Chimie ParisTech (ENSCP)</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><country key="FR">France</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0017"><persName><forename type="first">Valier</forename><surname>Galy</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry</orgName><orgName>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Woods Hole</settlement><region>Massachusetts</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0018"><persName><forename type="first">Kliti</forename><surname>Grice</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Chemistry, WA‐OIGC</orgName><orgName>Curtin University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Perth</settlement><region>Western Australia</region><country key="AU">Australia</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0019"><persName><forename type="first">Kai‐Uwe</forename><surname>Hinrichs</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Department of Geoscience</orgName><orgName>University of Bremen</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Leobenerstrasse</settlement><region>Bremen</region><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0020"><persName><forename type="first">Yongsong</forename><surname>Huang</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Geological Sciences</orgName><orgName>Brown University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Providence</settlement><region>Rhode Island</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0021"><persName><forename type="first">Arnaud</forename><surname>Huguet</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>BioEMCo, UMR 7618, CNRS</orgName><orgName>Université Pierre et Marie Curie</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement><country key="FR">France</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0022"><persName><forename type="first">Carme</forename><surname>Huguet</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Barcelona</settlement><region>Catalonia</region><country key="ES">Spain</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0023"><persName><forename type="first">Sarah</forename><surname>Hurley</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences</orgName><orgName>Harvard University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement><region>Massachusetts</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0024"><persName><forename type="first">Anitra</forename><surname>Ingalls</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>School of Oceanography</orgName><orgName>University of Washington</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Seattle</settlement><region>Washington</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0025"><persName><forename type="first">Guodong</forename><surname>Jia</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry</orgName><address><street>Chinese Academy of Sciences</street><settlement type="city">Guangzhou</settlement><country key="CN">China</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0026"><persName><forename type="first">Brendan</forename><surname>Keely</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Chemistry</orgName><orgName>University of York</orgName><address><settlement type="city">York</settlement><country key="GB">United Kingdom</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0027"><persName><forename type="first">Chris</forename><surname>Knappy</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Chemistry</orgName><orgName>University of York</orgName><address><settlement type="city">York</settlement><country key="GB">United Kingdom</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0028"><persName><forename type="first">Miyuki</forename><surname>Kondo</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis</orgName><orgName>National Institute for Environmental Studies</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Tsukuba</settlement><region>Ibaraki</region><country key="JP">Japan</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0029"><persName><forename type="first">Srinath</forename><surname>Krishnan</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Geology and Geophysics</orgName><orgName>Yale University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">New Haven</settlement><region>Connecticut</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0030"><persName><forename type="first">Sara</forename><surname>Lincoln</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences</orgName><orgName>Massachusetts Institute of Technology</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement><region>Massachusetts</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0031"><persName><forename type="first">Julius</forename><surname>Lipp</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Department of Geoscience</orgName><orgName>University of Bremen</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Bremen</settlement><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0032"><persName><forename type="first">Kai</forename><surname>Mangelsdorf</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Helmholtz Centre Potsdam</orgName><orgName>GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences</orgName><address><street>Potsdam</street><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0033"><persName><forename type="first">Alfredo</forename><surname>Martínez‐García</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Geologisches Institut</orgName><address><street>ETH Zürich</street><settlement type="city">Zurich</settlement><country key="CH">Switzerland</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0034"><persName><forename type="first">Guillemette</forename><surname>Ménot</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>CEREGE (UMR 6635)</orgName><orgName>Aix‐Marseille Université</orgName><address><street>CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Aix‐en‐Provence</street><country key="FR">France</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0035"><persName><forename type="first">Anchelique</forename><surname>Mets</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry</orgName><orgName>NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Den Burg</settlement><region>Texel</region><country key="NL">Netherlands</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0036"><persName><forename type="first">Gesine</forename><surname>Mollenhauer</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Alfred Wegener Institute</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Bremerhaven</settlement><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0037"><persName><forename type="first">Naohiko</forename><surname>Ohkouchi</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Institute of Biogeosciences</orgName><address><street>Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)</street><settlement type="city">Yokosuka</settlement><country key="JP">Japan</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0038"><persName><forename type="first">Jort</forename><surname>Ossebaar</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry</orgName><orgName>NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Den Burg</settlement><region>Texel</region><country key="NL">Netherlands</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0039"><persName><forename type="first">Mark</forename><surname>Pagani</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Geology and Geophysics</orgName><orgName>Yale University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">New Haven</settlement><region>Connecticut</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0040"><persName><forename type="first">Richard D.</forename><surname>Pancost</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Organic Geochemistry Unit, Bristol Biogeochemistry Research Centre and The Cabot Institute, School of Chemistry</orgName><orgName>University of Bristol</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Bristol</settlement><country>UK</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0041"><persName><forename type="first">Emma J.</forename><surname>Pearson</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>School of Geography, Politics & Sociology</orgName><orgName>Newcastle University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne</settlement><country key="GB">UK</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0042"><persName><forename type="first">Francien</forename><surname>Peterse</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>ETH Zürich – Biogeosciences</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Zurich</settlement><country key="CH">Switzerland</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0043"><persName><forename type="first">Gert‐Jan</forename><surname>Reichart</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences</orgName><orgName>Utrecht University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><country key="NL">Netherlands</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0044"><persName><forename type="first">Philippe</forename><surname>Schaeffer</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Moléculaire</orgName><orgName>Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Université de Strasbourg‐CNRS, E.C.P.M.</settlement><region>Strasbourg</region><country key="FR">France</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0045"><persName><forename type="first">Gaby</forename><surname>Schmitt</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Moléculaire</orgName><orgName>Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Université de Strasbourg‐CNRS, E.C.P.M.</settlement><region>Strasbourg</region><country key="FR">France</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0046"><persName><forename type="first">Lorenz</forename><surname>Schwark</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Organic Geochemistry</orgName><orgName>Institute of Geosciences</orgName><orgName>Christian‐Albrechts‐University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Kiel</settlement><country key="DE">Germany</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0047"><persName><forename type="first">Sunita R.</forename><surname>Shah</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Geology and Geophysics Department</orgName><orgName>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Woods Hole</settlement><region>Massachusetts</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0048"><persName><forename type="first">Richard W.</forename><surname>Smith</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Oceanography</orgName><orgName>Texas A&M University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">College Station</settlement><region>Texas</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>Now at Department of Marine Sciences</orgName><orgName>University of Connecticut</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Groton</settlement><region>Connecticut</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0049"><persName><forename type="first">Rienk H.</forename><surname>Smittenberg</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Geological Sciences</orgName><orgName>Stockholm University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement><country key="US">Sweden</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0050"><persName><forename type="first">Roger E.</forename><surname>Summons</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences</orgName><orgName>Massachusetts Institute of Technology</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement><region>Massachusetts</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0051"><persName><forename type="first">Yoshinori</forename><surname>Takano</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Institute of Biogeosciences</orgName><address><street>Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)</street><settlement type="city">Yokosuka</settlement><country key="JP">Japan</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0052"><persName><forename type="first">Helen M.</forename><surname>Talbot</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences</orgName><orgName>Newcastle University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Newcastle upon Tyne</settlement><country key="GB">UK</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0053"><persName><forename type="first">Kyle W. R.</forename><surname>Taylor</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Organic Geochemistry Unit, Bristol Biogeochemistry Research Centre and The Cabot Institute, School of Chemistry</orgName><orgName>University of Bristol</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Bristol</settlement><country>UK</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0054"><persName><forename type="first">Rafael</forename><surname>Tarozo</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Geological Sciences</orgName><orgName>Brown University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Providence</settlement><region>Rhode Island</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0055"><persName><forename type="first">Masao</forename><surname>Uchida</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis</orgName><orgName>National Institute for Environmental Studies</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Tsukuba</settlement><region>Ibaraki</region><country key="JP">Japan</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0056"><persName><forename type="first">Bart E.</forename><surname>Dongen</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science</orgName><orgName>University of Manchester</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Manchester</settlement><country key="GB">UK</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0057"><persName><forename type="first">Benjamin A. S.</forename><surname>Mooy</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry</orgName><orgName>Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Woods Hole</settlement><region>Massachusetts</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0058"><persName><forename type="first">Jinxiang</forename><surname>Wang</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, The School of Ocean and Earth Sciences</orgName><orgName>Tongji University</orgName><address><country key="CN">China</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>Department of Marine Sciences</orgName><orgName>University of Georgia</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Athens</settlement><region>Georgia</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0059"><persName><forename type="first">Courtney</forename><surname>Warren</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Geology and Geophysics</orgName><orgName>Yale University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">New Haven</settlement><region>Connecticut</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0060"><persName><forename type="first">Johan W. H.</forename><surname>Weijers</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences</orgName><orgName>Utrecht University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Utrecht</settlement><country key="NL">Netherlands</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0061"><persName><forename type="first">Josef P.</forename><surname>Werne</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Large Lakes Observatory</orgName><orgName>University of Minnesota – Duluth</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Duluth</settlement><region>Minnesota</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>Now at Department of Geology & Planetary Science</orgName><orgName>University of Pittsburgh</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Pittsburgh</settlement><country key="US">Pennsylvania, USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0062"><persName><forename type="first">Martijn</forename><surname>Woltering</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Chemistry, WA‐OIGC</orgName><orgName>Curtin University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Perth</settlement><region>Western Australia</region><country key="AU">Australia</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>Now at CSIRO Earth Science and Reservoir Engineering</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Bentley</settlement><region>Western Australia</region><country key="AU">Australia</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0063"><persName><forename type="first">Shucheng</forename><surname>Xie</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>State Key Lab of Biogeology and Environmental Geology</orgName><orgName>China University of Geosciences</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Wuhan</settlement><country key="CN">China</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0064"><persName><forename type="first">Masanobu</forename><surname>Yamamoto</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Faculty of Environmental Earth Science</orgName><orgName>Hokkaido University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Kita‐ku</settlement><region>Sapporo</region><country key="JP">Japan</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0065"><persName><forename type="first">Huan</forename><surname>Yang</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology</orgName><orgName>China University of Geosciences</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Wuhan</settlement><country key="CN">China</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0066"><persName><forename type="first">Chuanlun L.</forename><surname>Zhang</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology</orgName><orgName>The School of Ocean and Earth Sciences</orgName><orgName>Tongji University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Shanghai</settlement><country key="CN">China</country></address></affiliation><affiliation><orgName>Department of Marine Sciences</orgName><orgName>University of Georgia</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Athens</settlement><region>Georgia</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0067"><persName><forename type="first">Yige</forename><surname>Zhang</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Geology and Geophysics</orgName><orgName>Yale University</orgName><address><settlement type="city">New Haven</settlement><region>Connecticut</region><country key="US">USA</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0068"><persName><forename type="first">Meixun</forename><surname>Zhao</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education</orgName><orgName>Ocean University of China</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Qingdao</settlement><country key="CN">China</country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0069"><persName><forename type="first">Jaap S. Sinninghe</forename><surname>Damsté</surname></persName><affiliation><orgName>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry</orgName><orgName>NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research</orgName><address><settlement type="city">Den Burg</settlement><region>Texel</region><country key="NL">Netherlands</country></address></affiliation></author><idno type="istex">94D2B4124AFA103468886030E0CBDCE2311F8F5B</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-KD3MK0XN-C</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/2013GC004904</idno><idno type="unit">GGGE20331</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:GGGE.GGGE20331.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems</title><title level="j" type="alt">GEOCHEMISTRY, GEOPHYSICS, GEOSYSTEMS</title><idno type="pISSN">1525-2027</idno><idno type="eISSN">1525-2027</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1525-2027</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1002/ggge.v14.12</idno><idno type="product">GGGE</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">14</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">12</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="5263">5263</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="5285">5285</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">23</biblScope><date type="published" when="2013-12"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><abstract style="main"><p>Two commonly used proxies based on the distribution of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are the TEX<hi rend="subscript">86</hi> (TetraEther indeX of 86 carbon atoms) paleothermometer for sea surface temperature reconstructions and the BIT (Branched Isoprenoid Tetraether) index for reconstructing soil organic matter input to the ocean. An initial round‐robin study of two sediment extracts, in which 15 laboratories participated, showed relatively consistent TEX<hi rend="subscript">86</hi> values (reproducibility ±3–4°C when translated to temperature) but a large spread in BIT measurements (reproducibility ±0.41 on a scale of 0–1). Here we report results of a second round‐robin study with 35 laboratories in which three sediments, one sediment extract, and two mixtures of pure, isolated GDGTs were analyzed. The results for TEX<hi rend="subscript">86</hi> and BIT index showed improvement compared to the previous round‐robin study. The reproducibility, indicating interlaboratory variation, of TEX<hi rend="subscript">86</hi> values ranged from 1.3 to 3.0°C when translated to temperature. These results are similar to those of other temperature proxies used in paleoceanography. Comparison of the results obtained from one of the three sediments showed that TEX<hi rend="subscript">86</hi> and BIT indices are not significantly affected by interlaboratory differences in sediment extraction techniques. BIT values of the sediments and extracts were at the extremes of the index with values close to 0 or 1, and showed good reproducibility (ranging from 0.013 to 0.042). However, the measured BIT values for the two GDGT mixtures, with known molar ratios of crenarchaeol and branched GDGTs, had intermediate BIT values and showed poor reproducibility and a large overestimation of the “true” (i.e., molar‐based) BIT index. The latter is likely due to, among other factors, the higher mass spectrometric response of branched GDGTs compared to crenarchaeol, which also varies among mass spectrometers. Correction for this different mass spectrometric response showed a considerable improvement in the reproducibility of BIT index measurements among laboratories, as well as a substantially improved estimation of molar‐based BIT values. This suggests that standard mixtures should be used in order to obtain consistent, and molar‐based, BIT values.</p></abstract><abstract style="short"><head>Key Points</head><p><list style="bulleted"><item>Round robin study of TEX86 and BIT</item><item>Interlaboratory consistency of TEX86 substantially improved</item><item>BIT analysis requires standard mixtures</item></list></p></abstract><textClass><keywords><term xml:id="ggge20331-kwd-0001">TEX<hi rend="subscript">86</hi></term><term xml:id="ggge20331-kwd-0002">BIT</term><term xml:id="ggge20331-kwd-0003">GDGT</term><term xml:id="ggge20331-kwd-0004">round robin</term></keywords><classCode scheme="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4900">Paleoceanography</classCode><classCode scheme="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1000">Geochemistry</classCode><keywords rend="articleCategory"><term>Regular Article</term></keywords><keywords rend="tocHeading1"><term>Regular Articles</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/94D2B4124AFA103468886030E0CBDCE2311F8F5B/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en" xml:id="ggge20331"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><doi origin="wiley" registered="yes">10.1002/(ISSN)1525-2027</doi><issn type="print">1525-2027</issn><issn type="electronic">1525-2027</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="GGGE"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" sort="GEOCHEMISTRY, GEOPHYSICS, GEOSYSTEMS">Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems</title><title type="short">Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.</title></titleGroup></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="part" position="120"><doi>10.1002/ggge.v14.12</doi><copyright ownership="thirdParty">©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</copyright><numberingGroup><numbering type="journalVolume" number="14">14</numbering><numbering type="journalIssue">12</numbering></numberingGroup><coverDate startDate="2013-12">December 2013</coverDate></publicationMeta><publicationMeta level="unit" position="170" type="article" status="forIssue"><doi>10.1002/2013GC004904</doi><idGroup><id type="unit" value="GGGE20331"></id></idGroup><countGroup><count type="pageTotal" number="23"></count></countGroup><titleGroup><title type="articleCategory">Regular Article</title><title type="tocHeading1">Regular Articles</title></titleGroup><copyright ownership="thirdParty">©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</copyright><eventGroup><event type="manuscriptReceived" date="2013-06-17"></event><event type="manuscriptRevised" date="2013-11-06"></event><event type="manuscriptAccepted" date="2013-11-06"></event><event type="xmlCreated" agent="Cenveo Publisher Services" date="2013-11-22"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WILEY_ML3G_TO_WILEY_ML3GV2 version:3.2.9 mode:FullText" date="2014-01-27"></event><event type="publishedOnlineAccepted" date="2013-11-12"></event><event type="publishedOnlineEarlyUnpaginated" date="2013-12-20"></event><event type="firstOnline" date="2013-12-20"></event><event type="publishedOnlineFinalForm" date="2014-01-27"></event><event type="xmlConverted" agent="Converter:WML3G_To_WML3G version:4.6.4 mode:FullText" date="2015-10-02"></event></eventGroup><numberingGroup><numbering type="pageFirst">5263</numbering><numbering type="pageLast">5285</numbering></numberingGroup><correspondenceTo>(<email>stefan.schouten@nioz.nl</email>)</correspondenceTo><subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4900">Paleoceanography</subject><subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4994">Instruments and techniques</subject></subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1000">Geochemistry</subject><subjectInfo><subject href="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1055">Organic and biogenic geochemistry</subject></subjectInfo></subjectInfo><selfCitationGroup><citation xml:id="ggge20331-cit-0039" type="self"><author><familyName>Schouten</familyName>, <givenNames>S.</givenNames></author>, et al. (<pubYear year="2013">2013</pubYear>), <articleTitle>An interlaboratory study of TEX<sub>86</sub> and BIT analysis of sediments, extracts, and standard mixtures</articleTitle>, <journalTitle>Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.</journalTitle>, <vol>14</vol>, <pageFirst>5263</pageFirst>–<pageLast>5285</pageLast>, doi:<accessionId ref="info:doi/10.1002/2013GC004904">10.1002/2013GC004904</accessionId>.
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Biogeosciences</orgName><address><street>Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC)</street><city>Yokosuka</city><country>Japan</country></address></affiliation><affiliation type="organization" xml:id="ggge20331-aff-0037"><orgDiv>Organic Geochemistry Unit, Bristol Biogeochemistry Research Centre and The Cabot Institute, School of Chemistry</orgDiv><orgName>University of Bristol</orgName><address><city>Bristol</city><country>UK</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="GB" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20331-aff-0038"><orgDiv>School of Geography, Politics & Sociology</orgDiv><orgName>Newcastle University</orgName><address><city>Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne</city><country>UK</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="NL" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20331-aff-0039"><orgDiv>Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences</orgDiv><orgName>Utrecht 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xml:id="ggge20331-aff-0043"><orgDiv>Organic Geochemistry Unit</orgDiv><orgName>Bristol Biogeochemistry Research Centre and The Cabot Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol</orgName><address><city>Bristol</city><country>UK</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="CN" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20331-aff-0044"><orgDiv>State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, The School of Ocean and Earth Sciences</orgDiv><orgName>Tongji University</orgName><address><country>China</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20331-aff-0045"><orgDiv>Department of Marine Sciences</orgDiv><orgName>University of Georgia</orgName><address><city>Athens</city><countryPart>Georgia</countryPart><country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="CN" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20331-aff-0046"><orgDiv>State Key Lab of Biogeology and Environmental Geology</orgDiv><orgName>China University of Geosciences</orgName><address><city>Wuhan</city><country>China</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="JP" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20331-aff-0047"><orgDiv>Faculty of Environmental Earth Science</orgDiv><orgName>Hokkaido University</orgName><address><city>Kita‐ku</city><countryPart>Sapporo</countryPart><country>Japan</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="CN" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20331-aff-0048"><orgDiv>State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology</orgDiv><orgName>China University of Geosciences</orgName><address><city>Wuhan</city><country>China</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="CN" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20331-aff-0049"><orgDiv>State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology</orgDiv><orgName>The School of Ocean and Earth Sciences</orgName><orgName>Tongji University</orgName><address><city>Shanghai</city><country>China</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="CN" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20331-aff-0050"><orgDiv>Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education</orgDiv><orgName>Ocean University of China</orgName><address><city>Qingdao</city><country>China</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20331-aff-0051"><orgDiv>Now at Department of Marine Sciences</orgDiv><orgName>University of Connecticut</orgName><address><city>Groton</city><countryPart>Connecticut</countryPart><country>USA</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20331-aff-0052"><orgDiv>Department of Geological Sciences</orgDiv><orgName>Stockholm University</orgName><address><city>Stockholm</city><country>Sweden</country></address></affiliation><affiliation countryCode="US" type="organization" xml:id="ggge20331-aff-0053"><orgDiv>Now at Department of Geology & Planetary Science</orgDiv><orgName>University of Pittsburgh</orgName><address><city>Pittsburgh</city><country>Pennsylvania, USA</country></address></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup type="author"><keyword xml:id="ggge20331-kwd-0001">TEX<sub>86</sub></keyword><keyword xml:id="ggge20331-kwd-0002">BIT</keyword><keyword xml:id="ggge20331-kwd-0003">GDGT</keyword><keyword xml:id="ggge20331-kwd-0004">round robin</keyword></keywordGroup><supportingInformation><p>Additional supporting information may be found in the online version of this article.</p><supportingInfoItem><mediaResource alt="application" href="urn-x:wiley:15252027:media:ggge20331:ggge20331-sup-0001-suppinfo01"></mediaResource><caption>Supporting information</caption></supportingInfoItem><supportingInfoItem><mediaResource alt="application" href="urn-x:wiley:15252027:media:ggge20331:ggge20331-sup-0002-suppinfotab01"></mediaResource><caption>Supporting information</caption></supportingInfoItem><supportingInfoItem><mediaResource alt="application" href="urn-x:wiley:15252027:media:ggge20331:ggge20331-sup-0003-suppinfotab02"></mediaResource><caption>Supporting information</caption></supportingInfoItem></supportingInformation><abstractGroup><abstract type="main"><p label="2">Two commonly used proxies based on the distribution of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are the TEX<sub>86</sub> (TetraEther indeX of 86 carbon atoms) paleothermometer for sea surface temperature reconstructions and the BIT (Branched Isoprenoid Tetraether) index for reconstructing soil organic matter input to the ocean. An initial round‐robin study of two sediment extracts, in which 15 laboratories participated, showed relatively consistent TEX<sub>86</sub> values (reproducibility ±3–4°C when translated to temperature) but a large spread in BIT measurements (reproducibility ±0.41 on a scale of 0–1). Here we report results of a second round‐robin study with 35 laboratories in which three sediments, one sediment extract, and two mixtures of pure, isolated GDGTs were analyzed. The results for TEX<sub>86</sub> and BIT index showed improvement compared to the previous round‐robin study. The reproducibility, indicating interlaboratory variation, of TEX<sub>86</sub> values ranged from 1.3 to 3.0°C when translated to temperature. These results are similar to those of other temperature proxies used in paleoceanography. Comparison of the results obtained from one of the three sediments showed that TEX<sub>86</sub> and BIT indices are not significantly affected by interlaboratory differences in sediment extraction techniques. BIT values of the sediments and extracts were at the extremes of the index with values close to 0 or 1, and showed good reproducibility (ranging from 0.013 to 0.042). However, the measured BIT values for the two GDGT mixtures, with known molar ratios of crenarchaeol and branched GDGTs, had intermediate BIT values and showed poor reproducibility and a large overestimation of the “true” (i.e., molar‐based) BIT index. The latter is likely due to, among other factors, the higher mass spectrometric response of branched GDGTs compared to crenarchaeol, which also varies among mass spectrometers. Correction for this different mass spectrometric response showed a considerable improvement in the reproducibility of BIT index measurements among laboratories, as well as a substantially improved estimation of molar‐based BIT values. This suggests that standard mixtures should be used in order to obtain consistent, and molar‐based, BIT values.</p></abstract><abstract type="short"><title type="main">Key Points</title><p><list style="bulleted"><listItem>Round robin study of TEX86 and BIT</listItem><listItem>Interlaboratory consistency of TEX86 substantially improved</listItem><listItem>BIT analysis requires standard mixtures</listItem></list></p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>An interlaboratory study of TEX86 and BIT analysis of sediments, extracts, and standard mixtures</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>TEX86 and BIT Index Round Robin</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>An interlaboratory study of TEX86 and BIT analysis of sediments, extracts, and standard mixtures</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Stefan</namePart><namePart type="family">Schouten</namePart><affiliation>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, NL‐1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: stefan.schouten@nioz.nl</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ellen C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Hopmans</namePart><affiliation>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, NL‐1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Antoni</namePart><namePart type="family">Rosell‐Melé</namePart><affiliation>ICREA, Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><affiliation>ICTA, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ann</namePart><namePart type="family">Pearson</namePart><affiliation>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Pierre</namePart><namePart type="family">Adam</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Moléculaire, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177, Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg‐CNRS, E.C.P.M., France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Thorsten</namePart><namePart type="family">Bauersachs</namePart><affiliation>Department of Organic Geochemistry, Institute of Geosciences, Christian‐Albrechts‐University, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Edouard</namePart><namePart type="family">Bard</namePart><affiliation>CEREGE (UMR 6635), Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Aix‐en‐Provence, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Stefano M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Bernasconi</namePart><affiliation>ETH Zürich, Geologisches Institut, Zurich, Switzerland</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Thomas S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Bianchi</namePart><affiliation>Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Now at Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Florida, Gainesville, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jochen J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Brocks</namePart><affiliation>Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, ACT, Canberra, Australia</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Laura Truxal</namePart><namePart type="family">Carlson</namePart><affiliation>School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Isla S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Castañeda</namePart><affiliation>Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, Amherst, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Sylvie</namePart><namePart type="family">Derenne</namePart><affiliation>BioEMCo, UMR 7618, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Ayça Doğrul</namePart><namePart type="family">Selver</namePart><affiliation>School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Koushik</namePart><namePart type="family">Dutta</namePart><affiliation>Large Lakes Observatory, University of Minnesota – Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Now at Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Northwestern University, Illinois, Evanston, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Timothy</namePart><namePart type="family">Eglinton</namePart><affiliation>ETH Zürich – Biogeosciences, Zurich, Switzerland</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Celine</namePart><namePart type="family">Fosse</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse, Chimie ParisTech (ENSCP), Paris, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Valier</namePart><namePart type="family">Galy</namePart><affiliation>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts, Woods Hole, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Kliti</namePart><namePart type="family">Grice</namePart><affiliation>Department of Chemistry, WA‐OIGC, Curtin University, Western Australia, Perth, Australia</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Kai‐Uwe</namePart><namePart type="family">Hinrichs</namePart><affiliation>MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Department of Geoscience, University of Bremen, Bremen, Leobenerstrasse, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Yongsong</namePart><namePart type="family">Huang</namePart><affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Rhode Island, Providence, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Arnaud</namePart><namePart type="family">Huguet</namePart><affiliation>BioEMCo, UMR 7618, CNRS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Carme</namePart><namePart type="family">Huguet</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Sarah</namePart><namePart type="family">Hurley</namePart><affiliation>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Anitra</namePart><namePart type="family">Ingalls</namePart><affiliation>School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Guodong</namePart><namePart type="family">Jia</namePart><affiliation>Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Brendan</namePart><namePart type="family">Keely</namePart><affiliation>Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Chris</namePart><namePart type="family">Knappy</namePart><affiliation>Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, United Kingdom</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Miyuki</namePart><namePart type="family">Kondo</namePart><affiliation>Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Srinath</namePart><namePart type="family">Krishnan</namePart><affiliation>Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Sara</namePart><namePart type="family">Lincoln</namePart><affiliation>Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Julius</namePart><namePart type="family">Lipp</namePart><affiliation>MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Department of Geoscience, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Kai</namePart><namePart type="family">Mangelsdorf</namePart><affiliation>Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Alfredo</namePart><namePart type="family">Martínez‐García</namePart><affiliation>Geologisches Institut, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Guillemette</namePart><namePart type="family">Ménot</namePart><affiliation>CEREGE (UMR 6635), Aix‐Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, Aix‐en‐Provence, France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Anchelique</namePart><namePart type="family">Mets</namePart><affiliation>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, Den Burg, Netherlands</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Gesine</namePart><namePart type="family">Mollenhauer</namePart><affiliation>Alfred Wegener Institute, Bremerhaven, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Naohiko</namePart><namePart type="family">Ohkouchi</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jort</namePart><namePart type="family">Ossebaar</namePart><affiliation>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, Den Burg, Netherlands</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Mark</namePart><namePart type="family">Pagani</namePart><affiliation>Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Richard D.</namePart><namePart type="family">Pancost</namePart><affiliation>Organic Geochemistry Unit, Bristol Biogeochemistry Research Centre and The Cabot Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Emma J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Pearson</namePart><affiliation>School of Geography, Politics & Sociology, Newcastle University, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Francien</namePart><namePart type="family">Peterse</namePart><affiliation>ETH Zürich – Biogeosciences, Zurich, Switzerland</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Gert‐Jan</namePart><namePart type="family">Reichart</namePart><affiliation>Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Philippe</namePart><namePart type="family">Schaeffer</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Moléculaire, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177, Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg‐CNRS, E.C.P.M., France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Gaby</namePart><namePart type="family">Schmitt</namePart><affiliation>Laboratoire de Biogéochimie Moléculaire, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177, Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg‐CNRS, E.C.P.M., France</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Lorenz</namePart><namePart type="family">Schwark</namePart><affiliation>Department of Organic Geochemistry, Institute of Geosciences, Christian‐Albrechts‐University, Kiel, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Sunita R.</namePart><namePart type="family">Shah</namePart><affiliation>Geology and Geophysics Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts, Woods Hole, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Richard W.</namePart><namePart type="family">Smith</namePart><affiliation>Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Now at Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, Groton, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Rienk H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Smittenberg</namePart><affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Roger E.</namePart><namePart type="family">Summons</namePart><affiliation>Earth, Atmospheric & Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, Cambridge, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Yoshinori</namePart><namePart type="family">Takano</namePart><affiliation>Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Helen M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Talbot</namePart><affiliation>School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Kyle W. R.</namePart><namePart type="family">Taylor</namePart><affiliation>Organic Geochemistry Unit, Bristol Biogeochemistry Research Centre and The Cabot Institute, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Rafael</namePart><namePart type="family">Tarozo</namePart><affiliation>Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Rhode Island, Providence, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Masao</namePart><namePart type="family">Uchida</namePart><affiliation>Center for Environmental Measurement and Analysis, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Bart E.</namePart><namePart type="family">van Dongen</namePart><affiliation>School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Benjamin A. S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Van Mooy</namePart><affiliation>Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Massachusetts, Woods Hole, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jinxiang</namePart><namePart type="family">Wang</namePart><affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, The School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Tongji University, China</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Georgia, Athens, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Courtney</namePart><namePart type="family">Warren</namePart><affiliation>Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Johan W. H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Weijers</namePart><affiliation>Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Josef P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Werne</namePart><affiliation>Large Lakes Observatory, University of Minnesota – Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA</affiliation><affiliation>Now at Department of Geology & Planetary Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Martijn</namePart><namePart type="family">Woltering</namePart><affiliation>Department of Chemistry, WA‐OIGC, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia</affiliation><affiliation>Now at CSIRO Earth Science and Reservoir Engineering, Western Australia, Bentley, Australia</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Shucheng</namePart><namePart type="family">Xie</namePart><affiliation>State Key Lab of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Masanobu</namePart><namePart type="family">Yamamoto</namePart><affiliation>Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Kita‐ku, Japan</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Huan</namePart><namePart type="family">Yang</namePart><affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Chuanlun L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Zhang</namePart><affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, The School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Tongji University, Shanghai, China</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Georgia, Athens, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Yige</namePart><namePart type="family">Zhang</namePart><affiliation>Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, Connecticut, New Haven, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Meixun</namePart><namePart type="family">Zhao</namePart><affiliation>Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Jaap S. Sinninghe</namePart><namePart type="family">Damsté</namePart><affiliation>Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, Den Burg, Netherlands</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-6N5SZHKN-D">article</genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2013-12</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2013-11-22</dateCreated><dateCaptured encoding="w3cdtf">2013-06-17</dateCaptured><dateValid encoding="w3cdtf">2013-11-06</dateValid><edition>Schouten, S., et al. (2013), An interlaboratory study of TEX86 and BIT analysis of sediments, extracts, and standard mixtures, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 14, 5263–5285, doi:10.1002/2013GC004904.</edition><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2013</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><extent unit="figures">8</extent><extent unit="tables">7</extent><extent unit="words">12958</extent></physicalDescription><abstract>Two commonly used proxies based on the distribution of glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) are the TEX86 (TetraEther indeX of 86 carbon atoms) paleothermometer for sea surface temperature reconstructions and the BIT (Branched Isoprenoid Tetraether) index for reconstructing soil organic matter input to the ocean. An initial round‐robin study of two sediment extracts, in which 15 laboratories participated, showed relatively consistent TEX86 values (reproducibility ±3–4°C when translated to temperature) but a large spread in BIT measurements (reproducibility ±0.41 on a scale of 0–1). Here we report results of a second round‐robin study with 35 laboratories in which three sediments, one sediment extract, and two mixtures of pure, isolated GDGTs were analyzed. The results for TEX86 and BIT index showed improvement compared to the previous round‐robin study. The reproducibility, indicating interlaboratory variation, of TEX86 values ranged from 1.3 to 3.0°C when translated to temperature. These results are similar to those of other temperature proxies used in paleoceanography. Comparison of the results obtained from one of the three sediments showed that TEX86 and BIT indices are not significantly affected by interlaboratory differences in sediment extraction techniques. BIT values of the sediments and extracts were at the extremes of the index with values close to 0 or 1, and showed good reproducibility (ranging from 0.013 to 0.042). However, the measured BIT values for the two GDGT mixtures, with known molar ratios of crenarchaeol and branched GDGTs, had intermediate BIT values and showed poor reproducibility and a large overestimation of the “true” (i.e., molar‐based) BIT index. The latter is likely due to, among other factors, the higher mass spectrometric response of branched GDGTs compared to crenarchaeol, which also varies among mass spectrometers. Correction for this different mass spectrometric response showed a considerable improvement in the reproducibility of BIT index measurements among laboratories, as well as a substantially improved estimation of molar‐based BIT values. This suggests that standard mixtures should be used in order to obtain consistent, and molar‐based, BIT values.</abstract><abstract type="short">Round robin study of TEX86 and BIT Interlaboratory consistency of TEX86 substantially improved BIT analysis requires standard mixtures</abstract><subject><genre>keywords</genre><topic>TEX86</topic><topic>BIT</topic><topic>GDGT</topic><topic>round robin</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><note type="content"> Additional supporting information may be found in the online version of this article.Supporting Info Item: Supporting information - Supporting information - Supporting information - </note><subject><genre>index-terms</genre><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4900">Paleoceanography</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/4994">Instruments and techniques</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1000">Geochemistry</topic><topic authorityURI="http://psi.agu.org/taxonomy5/1055">Organic and biogenic geochemistry</topic></subject><subject><genre>article-category</genre><topic>Regular Article</topic></subject><identifier type="ISSN">1525-2027</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1525-2027</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1525-2027</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">GGGE</identifier><part><date>2013</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>14</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>12</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>5263</start><end>5285</end><total>23</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">94D2B4124AFA103468886030E0CBDCE2311F8F5B</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-KD3MK0XN-C</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1002/2013GC004904</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">GGGE20331</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©2013. 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