Phylogeography, risk factors and genetic history of hepatitis C virus in Gabon, central Africa.
Identifieur interne : 000460 ( Hal/Corpus ); précédent : 000459; suivant : 000461Phylogeography, risk factors and genetic history of hepatitis C virus in Gabon, central Africa.
Auteurs : Richard Njouom ; Mélanie Caron ; Guillaume Besson ; Guy-Roger Ndong-Atome ; Maria Makuwa ; Régis Pouillot ; Dieudonné Nkoghé ; Eric Leroy ; Mirdad KazanjiSource :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2012.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The epidemiological and molecular characteristics of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the general population have been poorly investigated in Africa. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, genotype distribution and epidemic history of HCV in the Gabonese general population. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A total of 4042 sera collected from adults in 220 villages in all nine administrative areas of the country were screened for antibodies to HCV. HCV NS5B region sequencing was performed for molecular characterization and population genetic analyses. Of 4042 tested sera, 455 (11.2%) were positive. The seroprevalence of HCV varied significantly by administrative area, with the highest rate in Ogooué-Lolo province (20.4%) and the lowest in Ogooué-Maritine province (3.7%). History of parenteral injections, past hospital admission and age over 55 years were independent risk factors for HCV infection (p<0.0001). Phylogenetic analyses showed that 91.9% of the strains were genotype 4 (HCV-4), 5.7% genotype 1 and 2.2% genotype 2. HCV-4 strains were highly heterogeneous, with more than eight subtypes; subtype 4e predominated (57.3%). Coalescence analyses indicated that subtype 4e was the oldest, with an estimated most recent common ancestor of 1702 [95% CI, 1418-1884]. The epidemic profile indicated that it spread exponentially during the first part of the 20th century, probably by iatrogenic transmission. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These results confirm the endemicity of HCV subtype 4e in Gabon and show that its spread is due to a cohort effect, with previous, possibly iatrogenic events. More extensive epidemiological studies are needed to better characterize the route of transmission and the dissemination of HCV in Gabon.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042002
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Hal:pasteur-00723648Le document en format XML
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Africa.</title><author><name sortKey="Njouom, Richard" sort="Njouom, Richard" uniqKey="Njouom R" first="Richard" last="Njouom">Richard Njouom</name><affiliation><hal:affiliation type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-51216" status="VALID"><orgName>Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville</orgName><orgName type="acronym">CIRMF</orgName><desc><address><addrLine>Franceville</addrLine><country key="GA"></country></address></desc><listRelation><relation active="#struct-301226" type="direct"></relation></listRelation><tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-301226" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-301226" status="VALID"><orgName>Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville</orgName><desc><address><country key="GA"></country></address></desc></org></tutelle></tutelles></hal:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Caron, Melanie" sort="Caron, Melanie" uniqKey="Caron M" first="Mélanie" last="Caron">Mélanie Caron</name><affiliation><hal:affiliation type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-51216" status="VALID"><orgName>Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville</orgName><orgName type="acronym">CIRMF</orgName><desc><address><addrLine>Franceville</addrLine><country key="GA"></country></address></desc><listRelation><relation active="#struct-301226" type="direct"></relation></listRelation><tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-301226" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-301226" status="VALID"><orgName>Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville</orgName><desc><address><country key="GA"></country></address></desc></org></tutelle></tutelles></hal:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Besson, Guillaume" sort="Besson, Guillaume" uniqKey="Besson G" first="Guillaume" last="Besson">Guillaume Besson</name><affiliation><hal:affiliation type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-51216" status="VALID"><orgName>Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville</orgName><orgName type="acronym">CIRMF</orgName><desc><address><addrLine>Franceville</addrLine><country key="GA"></country></address></desc><listRelation><relation active="#struct-301226" type="direct"></relation></listRelation><tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-301226" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-301226" status="VALID"><orgName>Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville</orgName><desc><address><country key="GA"></country></address></desc></org></tutelle></tutelles></hal:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ndong Atome, Guy Roger" sort="Ndong Atome, Guy Roger" uniqKey="Ndong Atome G" first="Guy-Roger" last="Ndong-Atome">Guy-Roger Ndong-Atome</name><affiliation><hal:affiliation type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-51216" status="VALID"><orgName>Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville</orgName><orgName type="acronym">CIRMF</orgName><desc><address><addrLine>Franceville</addrLine><country 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key="CM"></country></address></desc></org></tutelle><tutelle active="#struct-301247" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-301247" status="VALID"> <orgName>Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur</orgName> <orgName type="acronym">RIIP</orgName> <desc> <address> <addrLine>25, rue du Dr Roux 75724 Paris Cedex 15</addrLine> <country key="FR"></country> </address> <ref type="url">http://www.pasteur-international.org</ref> </desc> </org></tutelle></tutelles></hal:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nkoghe, Dieudonne" sort="Nkoghe, Dieudonne" uniqKey="Nkoghe D" first="Dieudonné" last="Nkoghé">Dieudonné Nkoghé</name><affiliation><hal:affiliation type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-51216" status="VALID"><orgName>Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville</orgName><orgName type="acronym">CIRMF</orgName><desc><address><addrLine>Franceville</addrLine><country key="GA"></country></address></desc><listRelation><relation active="#struct-301226" type="direct"></relation></listRelation><tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-301226" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-301226" status="VALID"><orgName>Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville</orgName><desc><address><country key="GA"></country></address></desc></org></tutelle></tutelles></hal:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Leroy, Eric" sort="Leroy, Eric" uniqKey="Leroy E" first="Eric" last="Leroy">Eric Leroy</name><affiliation><hal:affiliation type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-51216" status="VALID"><orgName>Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville</orgName><orgName type="acronym">CIRMF</orgName><desc><address><addrLine>Franceville</addrLine><country key="GA"></country></address></desc><listRelation><relation active="#struct-301226" type="direct"></relation></listRelation><tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-301226" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-301226" status="VALID"><orgName>Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville</orgName><desc><address><country key="GA"></country></address></desc></org></tutelle></tutelles></hal:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kazanji, Mirdad" sort="Kazanji, Mirdad" uniqKey="Kazanji M" first="Mirdad" last="Kazanji">Mirdad Kazanji</name><affiliation><hal:affiliation type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-51216" status="VALID"><orgName>Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville</orgName><orgName type="acronym">CIRMF</orgName><desc><address><addrLine>Franceville</addrLine><country key="GA"></country></address></desc><listRelation><relation active="#struct-301226" type="direct"></relation></listRelation><tutelles><tutelle active="#struct-301226" type="direct"><org type="institution" xml:id="struct-301226" status="VALID"><orgName>Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville</orgName><desc><address><country key="GA"></country></address></desc></org></tutelle></tutelles></hal:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><idno type="DOI">10.1371/journal.pone.0042002</idno><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="ISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date type="datePub">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">BACKGROUND: The epidemiological and molecular characteristics of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the general population have been poorly investigated in Africa. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, genotype distribution and epidemic history of HCV in the Gabonese general population. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A total of 4042 sera collected from adults in 220 villages in all nine administrative areas of the country were screened for antibodies to HCV. HCV NS5B region sequencing was performed for molecular characterization and population genetic analyses. Of 4042 tested sera, 455 (11.2%) were positive. The seroprevalence of HCV varied significantly by administrative area, with the highest rate in Ogooué-Lolo province (20.4%) and the lowest in Ogooué-Maritine province (3.7%). History of parenteral injections, past hospital admission and age over 55 years were independent risk factors for HCV infection (p<0.0001). Phylogenetic analyses showed that 91.9% of the strains were genotype 4 (HCV-4), 5.7% genotype 1 and 2.2% genotype 2. HCV-4 strains were highly heterogeneous, with more than eight subtypes; subtype 4e predominated (57.3%). Coalescence analyses indicated that subtype 4e was the oldest, with an estimated most recent common ancestor of 1702 [95% CI, 1418-1884]. The epidemic profile indicated that it spread exponentially during the first part of the 20th century, probably by iatrogenic transmission. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These results confirm the endemicity of HCV subtype 4e in Gabon and show that its spread is due to a cohort effect, with previous, possibly iatrogenic events. More extensive epidemiological studies are needed to better characterize the route of transmission and the dissemination of HCV in Gabon.</div></front></TEI><hal api="V3"><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Phylogeography, risk factors and genetic history of hepatitis C virus in Gabon, central Africa.</title><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Richard</forename><surname>Njouom</surname></persName><idno type="halauthorid">305648</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-51216"></affiliation><affiliation ref="#struct-55917"></affiliation></author><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Mélanie</forename><surname>Caron</surname></persName><idno type="halauthorid">388211</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-51216"></affiliation></author><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Guillaume</forename><surname>Besson</surname></persName><idno type="halauthorid">179740</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-51216"></affiliation><affiliation ref="#struct-200684"></affiliation></author><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Guy-Roger</forename><surname>Ndong-Atome</surname></persName><idno type="halauthorid">553391</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-51216"></affiliation></author><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Maria</forename><surname>Makuwa</surname></persName><idno type="halauthorid">388212</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-51216"></affiliation></author><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Régis</forename><surname>Pouillot</surname></persName><idno type="halauthorid">311345</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-55917"></affiliation></author><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Dieudonné</forename><surname>Nkoghé</surname></persName><idno type="halauthorid">731657</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-51216"></affiliation><affiliation ref="#struct-200685"></affiliation></author><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Eric</forename><surname>Leroy</surname></persName><idno type="idhal" notation="string">eric-leroy</idno><idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">3695</idno><idno type="halauthorid">731653</idno><idno type="ResearcherId">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/A-5116-2009</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-51216"></affiliation></author><author role="crp"><persName><forename type="first">Mirdad</forename><surname>Kazanji</surname></persName><email type="md5">64e6d26af9ef892dbd23b24ceeeeba9d</email><email type="domain">pasteur.fr</email><idno type="halauthorid">551710</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-51216"></affiliation><affiliation ref="#struct-55916"></affiliation></author><editor role="depositor"><persName><forename>Mirdad</forename><surname>Kazanji</surname></persName><email type="md5">612631a4522b429352327174acb89ce3</email><email type="domain">yahoo.fr</email></editor><funder>The Centre International de Recherches Me'dicales de Franceville in Franceville, Gabon, is funded by the Gabonese Government, Total Gabon and the French Foreign Ministry.</funder></titleStmt><editionStmt><edition n="v1" type="current"><date type="whenSubmitted">2012-08-12 10:24:27</date><date type="whenModified">2016-02-10 16:04:27</date><date type="whenReleased">2012-08-13 10:05:16</date><date type="whenProduced">2012</date><date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2012-08-12</date><ref type="file" target="https://hal-riip.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-00723648/document"><date notBefore="2012-08-12"></date></ref><ref type="file" subtype="greenPublisher" n="1" target="https://hal-riip.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-00723648/file/Njouom_et_al_2012.pdf"><date notBefore="2012-08-12"></date></ref></edition><respStmt><resp>contributor</resp><name key="142970"><persName><forename>Mirdad</forename><surname>Kazanji</surname></persName><email type="md5">612631a4522b429352327174acb89ce3</email><email type="domain">yahoo.fr</email></name></respStmt></editionStmt><publicationStmt><distributor>CCSD</distributor><idno type="halId">pasteur-00723648</idno><idno type="halUri">https://hal-riip.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-00723648</idno><idno type="halBibtex">njouom:pasteur-00723648</idno><idno type="halRefHtml">PLoS ONE, Public Library of Science, 2012, 7 (8), pp.e42002. 〈10.1371/journal.pone.0042002〉</idno><idno type="halRef">PLoS ONE, Public Library of Science, 2012, 7 (8), pp.e42002. 〈10.1371/journal.pone.0042002〉</idno></publicationStmt><seriesStmt><idno type="stamp" n="SANTE_PUB_INSERM" p="INSERM">Santé Publique à l'Inserm</idno><idno type="stamp" n="RIIP_BANGUI" p="RIIP">Institut Pasteur de Bangui</idno><idno type="stamp" n="RIIP">Institut Pasteur RIIP (Réseau International)</idno><idno type="stamp" n="RIIP_CAMEROUN" p="RIIP">Centre Pasteur du Cameroun</idno></seriesStmt><notesStmt><note type="audience" n="2">International</note><note type="popular" n="0">No</note><note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Phylogeography, risk factors and genetic history of hepatitis C virus in Gabon, central Africa.</title><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Richard</forename><surname>Njouom</surname></persName><idno type="halauthorid">305648</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-51216"></affiliation><affiliation ref="#struct-55917"></affiliation></author><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Mélanie</forename><surname>Caron</surname></persName><idno type="halauthorid">388211</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-51216"></affiliation></author><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Guillaume</forename><surname>Besson</surname></persName><idno type="halauthorid">179740</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-51216"></affiliation><affiliation ref="#struct-200684"></affiliation></author><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Guy-Roger</forename><surname>Ndong-Atome</surname></persName><idno type="halauthorid">553391</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-51216"></affiliation></author><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Maria</forename><surname>Makuwa</surname></persName><idno type="halauthorid">388212</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-51216"></affiliation></author><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Régis</forename><surname>Pouillot</surname></persName><idno type="halauthorid">311345</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-55917"></affiliation></author><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Dieudonné</forename><surname>Nkoghé</surname></persName><idno type="halauthorid">731657</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-51216"></affiliation><affiliation ref="#struct-200685"></affiliation></author><author role="aut"><persName><forename type="first">Eric</forename><surname>Leroy</surname></persName><idno type="idhal" notation="string">eric-leroy</idno><idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">3695</idno><idno type="halauthorid">731653</idno><idno type="ResearcherId">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/A-5116-2009</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-51216"></affiliation></author><author role="crp"><persName><forename type="first">Mirdad</forename><surname>Kazanji</surname></persName><email type="md5">64e6d26af9ef892dbd23b24ceeeeba9d</email><email type="domain">pasteur.fr</email><idno type="halauthorid">551710</idno><affiliation ref="#struct-51216"></affiliation><affiliation ref="#struct-55916"></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr><idno type="halJournalId" status="VALID">28700</idno><idno type="issn">1932-6203</idno><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><imprint><publisher>Public Library of Science</publisher><biblScope unit="volume">7</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">8</biblScope><biblScope unit="pp">e42002</biblScope><date type="datePub">2012</date><date type="dateEpub">2012-08-01</date></imprint></monogr><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0042002</idno><idno type="pubmed">22870274</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><profileDesc><langUsage><language ident="en">English</language></langUsage><textClass><classCode scheme="halDomain" n="sdv.spee">Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie</classCode><classCode scheme="halTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode></textClass><abstract xml:lang="en">BACKGROUND: The epidemiological and molecular characteristics of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the general population have been poorly investigated in Africa. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, genotype distribution and epidemic history of HCV in the Gabonese general population. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A total of 4042 sera collected from adults in 220 villages in all nine administrative areas of the country were screened for antibodies to HCV. HCV NS5B region sequencing was performed for molecular characterization and population genetic analyses. Of 4042 tested sera, 455 (11.2%) were positive. The seroprevalence of HCV varied significantly by administrative area, with the highest rate in Ogooué-Lolo province (20.4%) and the lowest in Ogooué-Maritine province (3.7%). History of parenteral injections, past hospital admission and age over 55 years were independent risk factors for HCV infection (p<0.0001). Phylogenetic analyses showed that 91.9% of the strains were genotype 4 (HCV-4), 5.7% genotype 1 and 2.2% genotype 2. HCV-4 strains were highly heterogeneous, with more than eight subtypes; subtype 4e predominated (57.3%). Coalescence analyses indicated that subtype 4e was the oldest, with an estimated most recent common ancestor of 1702 [95% CI, 1418-1884]. The epidemic profile indicated that it spread exponentially during the first part of the 20th century, probably by iatrogenic transmission. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These results confirm the endemicity of HCV subtype 4e in Gabon and show that its spread is due to a cohort effect, with previous, possibly iatrogenic events. More extensive epidemiological studies are needed to better characterize the route of transmission and the dissemination of HCV in Gabon.</abstract></profileDesc></hal></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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