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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Pharmacological and psychosocial interventions for <italic>cannabis</italic>
use disorders</title>
<author><name sortKey="Budney, Alan J" sort="Budney, Alan J" uniqKey="Budney A" first="Alan J." last="Budney">Alan J. Budney</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vandrey, Ryan G" sort="Vandrey, Ryan G" uniqKey="Vandrey R" first="Ryan G." last="Vandrey">Ryan G. Vandrey</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stanger, Catherine" sort="Stanger, Catherine" uniqKey="Stanger C" first="Catherine" last="Stanger">Catherine Stanger</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">20512270</idno>
<idno type="pmc">3690346</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3690346</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:3690346</idno>
<date when="2010">2010</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000271</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000271</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Pharmacological and psychosocial interventions for <italic>cannabis</italic>
use disorders</title>
<author><name sortKey="Budney, Alan J" sort="Budney, Alan J" uniqKey="Budney A" first="Alan J." last="Budney">Alan J. Budney</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Vandrey, Ryan G" sort="Vandrey, Ryan G" uniqKey="Vandrey R" first="Ryan G." last="Vandrey">Ryan G. Vandrey</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Stanger, Catherine" sort="Stanger, Catherine" uniqKey="Stanger C" first="Catherine" last="Stanger">Catherine Stanger</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1516-4446</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1809-452X</idno>
<imprint><date when="2010">2010</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Objective</title>
<p id="P1"><italic>Cannabis</italic>
remains the most widely used illicit substance in most developed countries. Its addictive potential has been established and the need for interventions for <italic>cannabis</italic>
-related problems has become apparent. This article provides a review of the research evaluating potential treatments for <italic>cannabis</italic>
use disorders.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S2"><title>Method</title>
<p id="P2">A search of publication databases identified research studies and reviews of the scientific literature on psychosocial and pharmacological interventions for <italic>cannabis</italic>
use disorders.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3"><title>Results</title>
<p id="P3">For adults, behaviorally-based interventions engender significant positive effects on abstinence and reductions in <italic>cannabis</italic>
use. With adolescents, similar treatments and family-based interventions have demonstrated efficacy. Across studies, response rates appear modest even with the most potent psychosocial treatments. Evaluations of pharmacological approaches to <italic>cannabis</italic>
use disorders have yet to provide clinical efficacy data for any specific medication. Agonist and antagonist approaches appear to offer the most promise. Advances in understanding of the neurobiology of the cannabinoid system provide optimism that the synthesis of compounds that alter CB<sub>1</sub>
receptor site functioning may produce promising medications.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S4"><title>Conclusion</title>
<p id="P4">Clinical research has identified effective psychosocial treatments, but has yet to yield effective pharmacotherapies. Much work remains to enhance the potency of and access to interventions for those seeking treatment for <italic>cannabis</italic>
use disorders.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">100895975</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">31672</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Rev Bras Psiquiatr</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Rev Bras Psiquiatr</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1516-4446</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1809-452X</issn>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">20512270</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3690346</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS471820</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Pharmacological and psychosocial interventions for <italic>cannabis</italic>
use disorders</article-title>
<subtitle>Intervenções farmacológica e psicossocial para os distúrbios de uso da cannabis</subtitle>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Budney</surname>
<given-names>Alan J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vandrey</surname>
<given-names>Ryan G.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Stanger</surname>
<given-names>Catherine</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A1"><label>1</label>
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA</aff>
<aff id="A2"><label>2</label>
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="FN1">Correspondence: Alan J. Budney, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 843, Little Rock, AR 72205, Phone: 501-526-8443, Fax: 501-526-7816, <email>ajbudney@uams.edu</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>13</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>5</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>24</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>32</volume>
<issue>0 1</issue>
<fpage>S46</fpage>
<lpage>S55</lpage>
<abstract><sec id="S1"><title>Objective</title>
<p id="P1"><italic>Cannabis</italic>
remains the most widely used illicit substance in most developed countries. Its addictive potential has been established and the need for interventions for <italic>cannabis</italic>
-related problems has become apparent. This article provides a review of the research evaluating potential treatments for <italic>cannabis</italic>
use disorders.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S2"><title>Method</title>
<p id="P2">A search of publication databases identified research studies and reviews of the scientific literature on psychosocial and pharmacological interventions for <italic>cannabis</italic>
use disorders.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3"><title>Results</title>
<p id="P3">For adults, behaviorally-based interventions engender significant positive effects on abstinence and reductions in <italic>cannabis</italic>
use. With adolescents, similar treatments and family-based interventions have demonstrated efficacy. Across studies, response rates appear modest even with the most potent psychosocial treatments. Evaluations of pharmacological approaches to <italic>cannabis</italic>
use disorders have yet to provide clinical efficacy data for any specific medication. Agonist and antagonist approaches appear to offer the most promise. Advances in understanding of the neurobiology of the cannabinoid system provide optimism that the synthesis of compounds that alter CB<sub>1</sub>
receptor site functioning may produce promising medications.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S4"><title>Conclusion</title>
<p id="P4">Clinical research has identified effective psychosocial treatments, but has yet to yield effective pharmacotherapies. Much work remains to enhance the potency of and access to interventions for those seeking treatment for <italic>cannabis</italic>
use disorders.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><title>Descriptors</title>
<kwd>Cannabis</kwd>
<kwd>Marijuana</kwd>
<kwd>Pharmacological process</kwd>
<kwd>Family relations</kwd>
<kwd>Treatment outcome</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<funding-group><award-group><funding-source country="United States">National Institute on Drug Abuse : NIDA</funding-source>
<award-id>R21 DA025794 || DA</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group><funding-source country="United States">National Institute on Drug Abuse : NIDA</funding-source>
<award-id>R01 DA025044 || DA</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group><funding-source country="United States">National Institute on Drug Abuse : NIDA</funding-source>
<award-id>R01 DA023526 || DA</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group><funding-source country="United States">National Institute on Drug Abuse : NIDA</funding-source>
<award-id>R01 DA015186 || DA</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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