ParkinsonCanadaV1, PubMed, Corpus, bibRecord, 000702

HDL and cholesterol handling in the brain.

Identifieur interne : 000702 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000701; suivant : 000703

HDL and cholesterol handling in the brain.

Auteurs : Cecilia Vitali ; Cheryl L. Wellington ; Laura Calabresi

Source :

Cardiovascular research [ 1755-3245 ] ; 2014.

RBID : pubmed:24907980

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Animals, Apolipoproteins (metabolism), Brain (metabolism), Brain (pathology), Cholesterol, HDL (blood), Cholesterol, HDL (genetics), Cholesterol, HDL (metabolism), Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Neurodegenerative Diseases (genetics), Neurodegenerative Diseases (metabolism), Neurodegenerative Diseases (pathology), Neurodegenerative Diseases (psychology), Phenotype, Risk Factors.
MESH :
- chemical , blood : Cholesterol, HDL.
- chemical , genetics : Cholesterol, HDL.
- chemical , metabolism : Apolipoproteins, Cholesterol, HDL.
- genetics : Neurodegenerative Diseases.
- metabolism : Brain, Neurodegenerative Diseases.
- pathology : Brain, Neurodegenerative Diseases.
- psychology : Neurodegenerative Diseases.
- Animals, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Phenotype, Risk Factors.

Abstract

Cholesterol is an essential component of both the peripheral nervous system and central nervous system (CNS) of mammals. Brain cholesterol is synthesized in situ by astrocytes and oligodendrocytes and is almost completely isolated from other pools of cholesterol in the body, but a small fraction can be taken up from the circulation as 27-hydroxycholesterol, or via the scavenger receptor class B type I. Glial cells synthesize native high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-like particles, which are remodelled by enzymes and lipid transfer proteins, presumably as it occurs in plasma. The major apolipoprotein constituent of HDL in the CNS is apolipoprotein E, which is produced by astrocytes and microglia. Apolipoprotein A-I, the major protein component of plasma HDL, is not synthesized in the CNS, but can enter and become a component of CNS lipoproteins. Low HDL-C levels have been shown to be associated with cognitive impairment and various neurodegenerative diseases. On the contrary, no clear association with brain disorders has been shown in genetic HDL defects, with the exception of Tangier disease. Mutations in a wide variety of lipid handling genes can result in human diseases, often with a neuronal phenotype caused by dysfunctional intracellular lipid trafficking.

DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu148
PubMed: 24907980

Links to Exploration step

pubmed:24907980

Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Vitali, Cecilia" sort="Vitali, Cecilia" uniqKey="Vitali C" first="Cecilia" last="Vitali">Cecilia Vitali</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy.</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Wellington, Cheryl L" sort="Wellington, Cheryl L" uniqKey="Wellington C" first="Cheryl L" last="Wellington">Cheryl L. Wellington</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.</nlm:affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Calabresi, Laura" sort="Calabresi, Laura" uniqKey="Calabresi L" first="Laura" last="Calabresi">Laura Calabresi</name>
<affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Centro E. Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy laura.calabresi@unimi.it.</nlm:affiliation>
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term>
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<term>Cholesterol, HDL (blood)</term>
<term>Cholesterol, HDL (genetics)</term>
<term>Cholesterol, HDL (metabolism)</term>
<term>Genetic Predisposition to Disease</term>
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<term>Neurodegenerative Diseases</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Cholesterol is an essential component of both the peripheral nervous system and central nervous system (CNS) of mammals. Brain cholesterol is synthesized in situ by astrocytes and oligodendrocytes and is almost completely isolated from other pools of cholesterol in the body, but a small fraction can be taken up from the circulation as 27-hydroxycholesterol, or via the scavenger receptor class B type I. Glial cells synthesize native high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-like particles, which are remodelled by enzymes and lipid transfer proteins, presumably as it occurs in plasma. The major apolipoprotein constituent of HDL in the CNS is apolipoprotein E, which is produced by astrocytes and microglia. Apolipoprotein A-I, the major protein component of plasma HDL, is not synthesized in the CNS, but can enter and become a component of CNS lipoproteins. Low HDL-C levels have been shown to be associated with cognitive impairment and various neurodegenerative diseases. On the contrary, no clear association with brain disorders has been shown in genetic HDL defects, with the exception of Tangier disease. Mutations in a wide variety of lipid handling genes can result in human diseases, often with a neuronal phenotype caused by dysfunctional intracellular lipid trafficking.</div>
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<Abstract><AbstractText>Cholesterol is an essential component of both the peripheral nervous system and central nervous system (CNS) of mammals. Brain cholesterol is synthesized in situ by astrocytes and oligodendrocytes and is almost completely isolated from other pools of cholesterol in the body, but a small fraction can be taken up from the circulation as 27-hydroxycholesterol, or via the scavenger receptor class B type I. Glial cells synthesize native high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-like particles, which are remodelled by enzymes and lipid transfer proteins, presumably as it occurs in plasma. The major apolipoprotein constituent of HDL in the CNS is apolipoprotein E, which is produced by astrocytes and microglia. Apolipoprotein A-I, the major protein component of plasma HDL, is not synthesized in the CNS, but can enter and become a component of CNS lipoproteins. Low HDL-C levels have been shown to be associated with cognitive impairment and various neurodegenerative diseases. On the contrary, no clear association with brain disorders has been shown in genetic HDL defects, with the exception of Tangier disease. Mutations in a wide variety of lipid handling genes can result in human diseases, often with a neuronal phenotype caused by dysfunctional intracellular lipid trafficking.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2014. For permissions please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.</CopyrightInformation>
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HDL and cholesterol handling in the brain.

HDL and cholesterol handling in the brain.

Source :

English descriptors

Abstract

Links to Exploration step

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