Cortical Plasticity Induction by Pairing Subthalamic Nucleus Deep-Brain Stimulation and Primary Motor Cortical Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease.
Identifieur interne : 000308 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000307; suivant : 000309Cortical Plasticity Induction by Pairing Subthalamic Nucleus Deep-Brain Stimulation and Primary Motor Cortical Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease.
Auteurs : Kaviraja Udupa ; Nina Bahl ; Zhen Ni ; Carolyn Gunraj ; Filomena Mazzella ; Elena Moro ; Mojgan Hodaie ; Andres M. Lozano ; Anthony E. Lang ; Robert ChenSource :
- The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience [ 1529-2401 ] ; 2016.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aged, Analysis of Variance, Deep Brain Stimulation (methods), Electromyography, Evoked Potentials, Motor (physiology), Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Cortex (physiology), Neuronal Plasticity (physiology), Parkinson Disease (therapy), Subthalamic Nucleus (physiology), Time Factors, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.
- MESH :
- methods : Deep Brain Stimulation.
- physiology : Evoked Potentials, Motor, Motor Cortex, Neuronal Plasticity, Subthalamic Nucleus.
- therapy : Parkinson Disease.
- Aged, Analysis of Variance, Electromyography, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Time Factors, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation.
Abstract
Noninvasive brain stimulation studies have shown abnormal motor cortical plasticity in Parkinson's disease (PD). These studies used peripheral nerve stimulation paired with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to primary motor cortex (M1) at specific intervals to induce plasticity. Induction of cortical plasticity through stimulation of the basal ganglia (BG)-M1 connections has not been studied. In the present study, we used a novel technique of plasticity induction by repeated pairing of deep-brain stimulation (DBS) of the BG with M1 stimulation using TMS. We hypothesize that repeated pairing of subthalamic nucleus (STN)-DBS and M1-TMS at specific time intervals will lead to plasticity in the M1. Ten PD human patients with STN-DBS were studied in the on-medication state with DBS set to 3 Hz. The interstimulus intervals (ISIs) between STN-DBS and TMS that produced cortical facilitation were determined individually for each patient. Three plasticity induction conditions with repeated pairings (180 times) at specific ISIs (∼ 3 and ∼ 23 ms) that produced cortical facilitation and a control ISI of 167 ms were tested in random order. Repeated pairing of STN-DBS and M1-TMS at short (∼ 3 ms) and medium (∼ 23 ms) latencies increased M1 excitability that lasted for at least 45 min, whereas the control condition (fixed ISI of 167 ms) had no effect. There were no specific changes in motor thresholds, intracortical circuits, or recruitment curves. Our results indicate that paired-associative cortical plasticity can be induced by repeated STN and M1 stimulation at specific intervals. These results show that STN-DBS can modulate cortical plasticity.
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2499-15.2016
PubMed: 26758832
Links to Exploration step
pubmed:26758832Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Cortical Plasticity Induction by Pairing Subthalamic Nucleus Deep-Brain Stimulation and Primary Motor Cortical Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease.</title><author><name sortKey="Udupa, Kaviraja" sort="Udupa, Kaviraja" uniqKey="Udupa K" first="Kaviraja" last="Udupa">Kaviraja Udupa</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bahl, Nina" sort="Bahl, Nina" uniqKey="Bahl N" first="Nina" last="Bahl">Nina Bahl</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ni, Zhen" sort="Ni, Zhen" uniqKey="Ni Z" first="Zhen" last="Ni">Zhen Ni</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gunraj, Carolyn" sort="Gunraj, Carolyn" uniqKey="Gunraj C" first="Carolyn" last="Gunraj">Carolyn Gunraj</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mazzella, Filomena" sort="Mazzella, Filomena" uniqKey="Mazzella F" first="Filomena" last="Mazzella">Filomena Mazzella</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and Brain and Spinal Cord Rehabilitation Program, Toronto Rehabilitation, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M4G 3V9, Canada, and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moro, Elena" sort="Moro, Elena" uniqKey="Moro E" first="Elena" last="Moro">Elena Moro</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and Service de Neurologie, CHU Grenoble, Joseph Fourier University, Grenoble 38041, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hodaie, Mojgan" sort="Hodaie, Mojgan" uniqKey="Hodaie M" first="Mojgan" last="Hodaie">Mojgan Hodaie</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, Toronto Western Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lozano, Andres M" sort="Lozano, Andres M" uniqKey="Lozano A" first="Andres M" last="Lozano">Andres M. Lozano</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, Toronto Western Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lang, Anthony E" sort="Lang, Anthony E" uniqKey="Lang A" first="Anthony E" last="Lang">Anthony E. Lang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Robert" sort="Chen, Robert" uniqKey="Chen R" first="Robert" last="Chen">Robert Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and Robert.Chen@uhn.ca.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:26758832</idno><idno type="pmid">26758832</idno><idno type="doi">10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2499-15.2016</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000308</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000308</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Cortical Plasticity Induction by Pairing Subthalamic Nucleus Deep-Brain Stimulation and Primary Motor Cortical Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease.</title><author><name sortKey="Udupa, Kaviraja" sort="Udupa, Kaviraja" uniqKey="Udupa K" first="Kaviraja" last="Udupa">Kaviraja Udupa</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bahl, Nina" sort="Bahl, Nina" uniqKey="Bahl N" first="Nina" last="Bahl">Nina Bahl</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ni, Zhen" sort="Ni, Zhen" uniqKey="Ni Z" first="Zhen" last="Ni">Zhen Ni</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gunraj, Carolyn" sort="Gunraj, Carolyn" uniqKey="Gunraj C" first="Carolyn" last="Gunraj">Carolyn Gunraj</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mazzella, Filomena" sort="Mazzella, Filomena" uniqKey="Mazzella F" first="Filomena" last="Mazzella">Filomena Mazzella</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and Brain and Spinal Cord Rehabilitation Program, Toronto Rehabilitation, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M4G 3V9, Canada, and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moro, Elena" sort="Moro, Elena" uniqKey="Moro E" first="Elena" last="Moro">Elena Moro</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and Service de Neurologie, CHU Grenoble, Joseph Fourier University, Grenoble 38041, France.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hodaie, Mojgan" sort="Hodaie, Mojgan" uniqKey="Hodaie M" first="Mojgan" last="Hodaie">Mojgan Hodaie</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, Toronto Western Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lozano, Andres M" sort="Lozano, Andres M" uniqKey="Lozano A" first="Andres M" last="Lozano">Andres M. Lozano</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, Toronto Western Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lang, Anthony E" sort="Lang, Anthony E" uniqKey="Lang A" first="Anthony E" last="Lang">Anthony E. Lang</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chen, Robert" sort="Chen, Robert" uniqKey="Chen R" first="Robert" last="Chen">Robert Chen</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and Robert.Chen@uhn.ca.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience</title><idno type="eISSN">1529-2401</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aged</term><term>Analysis of Variance</term><term>Deep Brain Stimulation (methods)</term><term>Electromyography</term><term>Evoked Potentials, Motor (physiology)</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Motor Cortex (physiology)</term><term>Neuronal Plasticity (physiology)</term><term>Parkinson Disease (therapy)</term><term>Subthalamic Nucleus (physiology)</term><term>Time Factors</term><term>Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Deep Brain Stimulation</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Evoked Potentials, Motor</term><term>Motor Cortex</term><term>Neuronal Plasticity</term><term>Subthalamic Nucleus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Parkinson Disease</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Aged</term><term>Analysis of Variance</term><term>Electromyography</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Time Factors</term><term>Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Noninvasive brain stimulation studies have shown abnormal motor cortical plasticity in Parkinson's disease (PD). These studies used peripheral nerve stimulation paired with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to primary motor cortex (M1) at specific intervals to induce plasticity. Induction of cortical plasticity through stimulation of the basal ganglia (BG)-M1 connections has not been studied. In the present study, we used a novel technique of plasticity induction by repeated pairing of deep-brain stimulation (DBS) of the BG with M1 stimulation using TMS. We hypothesize that repeated pairing of subthalamic nucleus (STN)-DBS and M1-TMS at specific time intervals will lead to plasticity in the M1. Ten PD human patients with STN-DBS were studied in the on-medication state with DBS set to 3 Hz. The interstimulus intervals (ISIs) between STN-DBS and TMS that produced cortical facilitation were determined individually for each patient. Three plasticity induction conditions with repeated pairings (180 times) at specific ISIs (∼ 3 and ∼ 23 ms) that produced cortical facilitation and a control ISI of 167 ms were tested in random order. Repeated pairing of STN-DBS and M1-TMS at short (∼ 3 ms) and medium (∼ 23 ms) latencies increased M1 excitability that lasted for at least 45 min, whereas the control condition (fixed ISI of 167 ms) had no effect. There were no specific changes in motor thresholds, intracortical circuits, or recruitment curves. Our results indicate that paired-associative cortical plasticity can be induced by repeated STN and M1 stimulation at specific intervals. These results show that STN-DBS can modulate cortical plasticity.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">26758832</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2016</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>13</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2016</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>17</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2016</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1529-2401</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>36</Volume><Issue>2</Issue><PubDate><Year>2016</Year><Month>Jan</Month><Day>13</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J. Neurosci.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Cortical Plasticity Induction by Pairing Subthalamic Nucleus Deep-Brain Stimulation and Primary Motor Cortical Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>396-404</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2499-15.2016</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="UNLABELLED">Noninvasive brain stimulation studies have shown abnormal motor cortical plasticity in Parkinson's disease (PD). These studies used peripheral nerve stimulation paired with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to primary motor cortex (M1) at specific intervals to induce plasticity. Induction of cortical plasticity through stimulation of the basal ganglia (BG)-M1 connections has not been studied. In the present study, we used a novel technique of plasticity induction by repeated pairing of deep-brain stimulation (DBS) of the BG with M1 stimulation using TMS. We hypothesize that repeated pairing of subthalamic nucleus (STN)-DBS and M1-TMS at specific time intervals will lead to plasticity in the M1. Ten PD human patients with STN-DBS were studied in the on-medication state with DBS set to 3 Hz. The interstimulus intervals (ISIs) between STN-DBS and TMS that produced cortical facilitation were determined individually for each patient. Three plasticity induction conditions with repeated pairings (180 times) at specific ISIs (∼ 3 and ∼ 23 ms) that produced cortical facilitation and a control ISI of 167 ms were tested in random order. Repeated pairing of STN-DBS and M1-TMS at short (∼ 3 ms) and medium (∼ 23 ms) latencies increased M1 excitability that lasted for at least 45 min, whereas the control condition (fixed ISI of 167 ms) had no effect. There were no specific changes in motor thresholds, intracortical circuits, or recruitment curves. Our results indicate that paired-associative cortical plasticity can be induced by repeated STN and M1 stimulation at specific intervals. These results show that STN-DBS can modulate cortical plasticity.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT" NlmCategory="UNASSIGNED">We introduced a new experimental paradigm to test the hypothesis that pairing subthalamic nucleus deep-brain stimulation (STN-DBS) with motor cortical transcranial magnetic stimulation (M1-TMS) at specific times can induce cortical plasticity in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). We found that repeated pairing of STN-DBS with TMS at short (∼ 3 ms) and medium (∼ 23 ms) intervals increased cortical excitability that lasted for up to 45 min, whereas the control condition (fixed latency of 167 ms) had no effects on cortical excitability. This is the first demonstration of associative plasticity in the STN-M1 circuits in PD patients using this novel technique. The potential therapeutic effects of combining DBS and noninvasive cortical stimulation should be investigated further.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2016 the authors 0270-6474/16/360397-09$15.00/0.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Udupa</LastName><ForeName>Kaviraja</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bahl</LastName><ForeName>Nina</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Ni</LastName><ForeName>Zhen</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gunraj</LastName><ForeName>Carolyn</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mazzella</LastName><ForeName>Filomena</ForeName><Initials>F</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0655-7040</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and Brain and Spinal Cord Rehabilitation Program, Toronto Rehabilitation, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M4G 3V9, Canada, and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Moro</LastName><ForeName>Elena</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and Service de Neurologie, CHU Grenoble, Joseph Fourier University, Grenoble 38041, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hodaie</LastName><ForeName>Mojgan</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, Toronto Western Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lozano</LastName><ForeName>Andres M</ForeName><Initials>AM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Division of Neurosurgery, Krembil Neuroscience Centre, Toronto Western Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lang</LastName><ForeName>Anthony E</ForeName><Initials>AE</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1229-3667</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Robert</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><Identifier Source="ORCID">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8371-8629</Identifier><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Division of Neurology and Robert.Chen@uhn.ca.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><GrantList CompleteYN="Y"><Grant><Agency>Canadian Institutes of Health Research</Agency><Country>Canada</Country></Grant></GrantList><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>J Neurosci</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>8102140</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0270-6474</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000704" MajorTopicYN="N">Analysis of Variance</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D046690" MajorTopicYN="N">Deep Brain Stimulation</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000379" MajorTopicYN="Y">methods</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004576" MajorTopicYN="N">Electromyography</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019054" MajorTopicYN="N">Evoked Potentials, Motor</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005260" MajorTopicYN="N">Female</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008297" MajorTopicYN="N">Male</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009044" MajorTopicYN="N">Motor Cortex</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009473" MajorTopicYN="N">Neuronal Plasticity</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010300" MajorTopicYN="N">Parkinson Disease</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000628" MajorTopicYN="Y">therapy</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020531" MajorTopicYN="N">Subthalamic Nucleus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013997" MajorTopicYN="N">Time Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D050781" MajorTopicYN="Y">Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">deep-brain stimulation</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">hyperdirect pathway</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">intracortical circuits</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">motor cortical plasticity</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">subthalamic nucleus</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">transcranial magnetic stimulation</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2016</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2016</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2016</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">26758832</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">36/2/396</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2499-15.2016</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Canada/explor/ParkinsonCanadaV1/Data/PubMed/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000308 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 000308 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Canada
|area= ParkinsonCanadaV1
|flux= PubMed
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé= pubmed:26758832
|texte= Cortical Plasticity Induction by Pairing Subthalamic Nucleus Deep-Brain Stimulation and Primary Motor Cortical Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease.
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Corpus/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:26758832" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/PubMed/Corpus/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a ParkinsonCanadaV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.29. |  |