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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Childhood Head Injury and Expression of Schizophrenia in Multiply Affected Families</title><author><name sortKey="Abdelmalik, Philip" sort="Abdelmalik, Philip" uniqKey="Abdelmalik P" first="Philip" last="Abdelmalik">Philip Abdelmalik</name></author><author><name sortKey="Husted, Janice" sort="Husted, Janice" uniqKey="Husted J" first="Janice" last="Husted">Janice Husted</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chow, Eva W C" sort="Chow, Eva W C" uniqKey="Chow E" first="Eva W. C." last="Chow">Eva W. C. Chow</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bassett, Anne S" sort="Bassett, Anne S" uniqKey="Bassett A" first="Anne S." last="Bassett">Anne S. Bassett</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">12622655</idno><idno type="pmc">3774653</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3774653</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3774653</idno><date when="2003">2003</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000710</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000710</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Childhood Head Injury and Expression of Schizophrenia in Multiply Affected Families</title><author><name sortKey="Abdelmalik, Philip" sort="Abdelmalik, Philip" uniqKey="Abdelmalik P" first="Philip" last="Abdelmalik">Philip Abdelmalik</name></author><author><name sortKey="Husted, Janice" sort="Husted, Janice" uniqKey="Husted J" first="Janice" last="Husted">Janice Husted</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chow, Eva W C" sort="Chow, Eva W C" uniqKey="Chow E" first="Eva W. C." last="Chow">Eva W. C. Chow</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bassett, Anne S" sort="Bassett, Anne S" uniqKey="Bassett A" first="Anne S." last="Bassett">Anne S. Bassett</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Archives of general psychiatry</title><idno type="ISSN">0003-990X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1538-3636</idno><imprint><date when="2003">2003</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title><p id="P1">The etiology of schizophrenia is believed to include genetic and nongenetic factors, with the pathogenesis involving abnormal neurodevelopment. We investigated whether mild head injury during brain maturation plays a role in the expression of schizophrenia in multiply affected families.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title><p id="P2">We compared the history and severity of head injuries in childhood (age, ≤10 years) and through adolescence (age, ≤17 years) in 67 subjects with narrowly defined schizophrenia and 102 of their unaffected siblings from 23 multiply affected families. In subjects with schizophrenia, only head injuries preceding the onset of psychosis were considered.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Results</title><p id="P3">Subjects in the schizophrenia group (n=16 [23.9%]) were more likely than the unaffected siblings group (n=12 [11.8%]) to have a history of childhood head injury (<italic>P</italic> = .04; odds ratio, 2.35 [95% confidence interval, 1.03–5.36]). Subjects in the schizophrenia group with a history of childhood head injury had a significantly younger median age at onset of psychosis (20 years) compared with those with no such history (25 years; <italic>z</italic> = −2.98; <italic>P</italic> = .003). The severity of head injury ranged from minimal to mild, including concussions, but within this narrow range, severity was correlated with younger age at onset (<italic>r</italic><sub>s</sub>=−0.66; <italic>P</italic> = .005). Head injury occurred a median of 12 years before the onset of psychosis. Results were similar if head injuries during adolescence were included, but did not achieve statistical significance.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Conclusions</title><p id="P4">Mild childhood head injury may play a role in the expression of schizophrenia in families with a strong genetic predisposition. Prospective studies of mild head injury should consider genetic predisposition for possible long-term neurobehavioral sequelae.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">0372435</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">744</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arch Gen Psychiatry</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Arch. Gen. Psychiatry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Archives of general psychiatry</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0003-990X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1538-3636</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">12622655</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3774653</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">CAMS3326</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Childhood Head Injury and Expression of Schizophrenia in Multiply Affected Families</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>AbdelMalik</surname><given-names>Philip</given-names><prefix>Mr.</prefix></name><degrees>BSc</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Husted</surname><given-names>Janice</given-names><prefix>Dr.</prefix></name><degrees>PhD</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chow</surname><given-names>Eva W. C.</given-names><prefix>Dr.</prefix></name><degrees>MD, JD, FRCPC</degrees></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bassett</surname><given-names>Anne S.</given-names><prefix>Dr.</prefix></name><degrees>MD, FRCPC</degrees></contrib><aff id="A1">Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (Mr AbdelMalik and Drs Chow and Bassett) and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto (Drs Chow and Bassett), Toronto, Ontario, and the Department of Health Studies and Gerontology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario (Dr Husted)</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="FN1">Corresponding author and reprints: Anne S. Bassett, MD, FRCPC, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 1001 Queen St W, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M6J 1H4, <email>anne.bassett@utoronto.ca</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>20</day><month>8</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>3</month><year>2003</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>16</day><month>9</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>60</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>231</fpage><lpage>236</lpage><abstract><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title><p id="P1">The etiology of schizophrenia is believed to include genetic and nongenetic factors, with the pathogenesis involving abnormal neurodevelopment. We investigated whether mild head injury during brain maturation plays a role in the expression of schizophrenia in multiply affected families.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title><p id="P2">We compared the history and severity of head injuries in childhood (age, ≤10 years) and through adolescence (age, ≤17 years) in 67 subjects with narrowly defined schizophrenia and 102 of their unaffected siblings from 23 multiply affected families. In subjects with schizophrenia, only head injuries preceding the onset of psychosis were considered.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Results</title><p id="P3">Subjects in the schizophrenia group (n=16 [23.9%]) were more likely than the unaffected siblings group (n=12 [11.8%]) to have a history of childhood head injury (<italic>P</italic> = .04; odds ratio, 2.35 [95% confidence interval, 1.03–5.36]). Subjects in the schizophrenia group with a history of childhood head injury had a significantly younger median age at onset of psychosis (20 years) compared with those with no such history (25 years; <italic>z</italic> = −2.98; <italic>P</italic> = .003). The severity of head injury ranged from minimal to mild, including concussions, but within this narrow range, severity was correlated with younger age at onset (<italic>r</italic><sub>s</sub>=−0.66; <italic>P</italic> = .005). Head injury occurred a median of 12 years before the onset of psychosis. Results were similar if head injuries during adolescence were included, but did not achieve statistical significance.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Conclusions</title><p id="P4">Mild childhood head injury may play a role in the expression of schizophrenia in families with a strong genetic predisposition. Prospective studies of mild head injury should consider genetic predisposition for possible long-term neurobehavioral sequelae.</p></sec></abstract></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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