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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Guanosine and its role in neuropathologies</title>
<author><name sortKey="Bettio, Luis E B" sort="Bettio, Luis E B" uniqKey="Bettio L" first="Luis E. B." last="Bettio">Luis E. B. Bettio</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC Brazil</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Division of Medical Sciences and UBC Island Medical Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2 Canada</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gil Mohapel, Joana" sort="Gil Mohapel, Joana" uniqKey="Gil Mohapel J" first="Joana" last="Gil-Mohapel">Joana Gil-Mohapel</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Division of Medical Sciences and UBC Island Medical Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2 Canada</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rodrigues, Ana Lucia S" sort="Rodrigues, Ana Lucia S" uniqKey="Rodrigues A" first="Ana Lúcia S." last="Rodrigues">Ana Lúcia S. Rodrigues</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC Brazil</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">27002712</idno>
<idno type="pmc">5023624</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5023624</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:5023624</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1007/s11302-016-9509-4</idno>
<date when="2016">2016</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000221</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000221</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Guanosine and its role in neuropathologies</title>
<author><name sortKey="Bettio, Luis E B" sort="Bettio, Luis E B" uniqKey="Bettio L" first="Luis E. B." last="Bettio">Luis E. B. Bettio</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC Brazil</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Division of Medical Sciences and UBC Island Medical Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2 Canada</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gil Mohapel, Joana" sort="Gil Mohapel, Joana" uniqKey="Gil Mohapel J" first="Joana" last="Gil-Mohapel">Joana Gil-Mohapel</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Division of Medical Sciences and UBC Island Medical Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2 Canada</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rodrigues, Ana Lucia S" sort="Rodrigues, Ana Lucia S" uniqKey="Rodrigues A" first="Ana Lúcia S." last="Rodrigues">Ana Lúcia S. Rodrigues</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC Brazil</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Purinergic Signalling</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1573-9538</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1573-9546</idno>
<imprint><date when="2016">2016</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Guanosine is a purine nucleoside thought to have neuroprotective properties. It is released in the brain under physiological conditions and even more during pathological events, reducing neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and excitotoxicity, as well as exerting trophic effects in neuronal and glial cells. In agreement, guanosine was shown to be protective in several in vitro and/or in vivo experimental models of central nervous system (CNS) diseases including ischemic stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, spinal cord injury, nociception, and depression. The mechanisms underlying the neurobiological properties of guanosine seem to involve the activation of several intracellular signaling pathways and a close interaction with the adenosinergic system, with a consequent stimulation of neuroprotective and regenerative processes in the CNS. Within this context, the present review will provide an overview of the current literature on the effects of guanosine in the CNS. The elucidation of the complex signaling events underlying the biochemical and cellular effects of this nucleoside may further establish guanosine as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of several neuropathologies.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Purinergic Signal</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Purinergic Signal</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Purinergic Signalling</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1573-9538</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1573-9546</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Springer Netherlands</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Dordrecht</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">27002712</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">5023624</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">9509</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/s11302-016-9509-4</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Review Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Guanosine and its role in neuropathologies</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bettio</surname>
<given-names>Luis E. B.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gil-Mohapel</surname>
<given-names>Joana</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Rodrigues</surname>
<given-names>Ana Lúcia S.</given-names>
</name>
<address><phone>+55 (48) 3721-5043</phone>
<email>alsrodri@gmail.com</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="Aff1"><label>1</label>
Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC Brazil</aff>
<aff id="Aff2"><label>2</label>
Division of Medical Sciences and UBC Island Medical Program, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2 Canada</aff>
</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>9</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>12</volume>
<pmc-comment>[[SPORTSMEDO NO ISSUE!]]</pmc-comment>
<issue>3</issue>
<fpage>411</fpage>
<lpage>426</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>26</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2015</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>8</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2016</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2016</copyright-statement>
</permissions>
<abstract id="Abs1"><p>Guanosine is a purine nucleoside thought to have neuroprotective properties. It is released in the brain under physiological conditions and even more during pathological events, reducing neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and excitotoxicity, as well as exerting trophic effects in neuronal and glial cells. In agreement, guanosine was shown to be protective in several in vitro and/or in vivo experimental models of central nervous system (CNS) diseases including ischemic stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, spinal cord injury, nociception, and depression. The mechanisms underlying the neurobiological properties of guanosine seem to involve the activation of several intracellular signaling pathways and a close interaction with the adenosinergic system, with a consequent stimulation of neuroprotective and regenerative processes in the CNS. Within this context, the present review will provide an overview of the current literature on the effects of guanosine in the CNS. The elucidation of the complex signaling events underlying the biochemical and cellular effects of this nucleoside may further establish guanosine as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of several neuropathologies.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>Guanine-based purines</kwd>
<kwd>Guanosine</kwd>
<kwd>Neuroprotection</kwd>
<kwd>Neurotrophic</kwd>
<kwd>Purinergic system</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="FundRef">http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003593</institution-id>
<institution>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico</institution>
</institution-wrap>
</funding-source>
<award-id>403120/2012-8</award-id>
<principal-award-recipient><name><surname>Rodrigues</surname>
<given-names>Ana Lúcia S.</given-names>
</name>
</principal-award-recipient>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
<custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name>
<meta-value>© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2016</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
</custom-meta-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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