MPP+-induced cytotoxicity in neuroblastoma cells: Antagonism and reversal by guanosine
Identifieur interne : 000C07 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000C06; suivant : 000C08MPP+-induced cytotoxicity in neuroblastoma cells: Antagonism and reversal by guanosine
Auteurs : Kathleen M. Pettifer [Canada] ; Shucui Jiang [Canada] ; Christian Bau [Canada] ; Patrizia Ballerini [Italie] ; Iolanda D Limonte [Italie] ; Eva S. Werstiuk [Canada] ; Michel P. Rathbone [Canada]Source :
- Purinergic Signalling [ 1573-9538 ] ; 2007.
Abstract
Guanosine exerts neuroprotective effects in the central nervous system. Apoptosis, a morphological form of programmed cell death, is implicated in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD). MPP+, a dopaminergic neurotoxin, produces in vivo and in vitro cellular changes characteristic of PD, such as cytotoxicity, resulting in apoptosis. Undifferentiated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells had been used as an in vitro model of Parkinson’s disease. We investigated if extracellular guanosine affected MPP+-induced cytotoxicity and examined the molecular mechanisms mediating its effects. Exposure of neuroblastoma cells to MPP+ (10 μM–5 mM for 24–72 h) induced DNA fragmentation in a time-dependent manner (
Url:
DOI: 10.1007/s11302-007-9073-z
PubMed: 18404453
PubMed Central: 2072917
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Links to Exploration step
PMC:2072917Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">MPP<sup>+</sup>
-induced cytotoxicity in neuroblastoma cells: Antagonism and reversal by guanosine</title>
<author><name sortKey="Pettifer, Kathleen M" sort="Pettifer, Kathleen M" uniqKey="Pettifer K" first="Kathleen M." last="Pettifer">Kathleen M. Pettifer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Departments of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<country>Canada</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jiang, Shucui" sort="Jiang, Shucui" uniqKey="Jiang S" first="Shucui" last="Jiang">Shucui Jiang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Departments of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<country>Canada</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bau, Christian" sort="Bau, Christian" uniqKey="Bau C" first="Christian" last="Bau">Christian Bau</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Departments of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<country>Canada</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ballerini, Patrizia" sort="Ballerini, Patrizia" uniqKey="Ballerini P" first="Patrizia" last="Ballerini">Patrizia Ballerini</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3">Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Chieti, Chieti</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Chieti</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="D Limonte, Iolanda" sort="D Limonte, Iolanda" uniqKey="D Limonte I" first="Iolanda" last="D Limonte">Iolanda D Limonte</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3">Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Chieti, Chieti</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Chieti</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Werstiuk, Eva S" sort="Werstiuk, Eva S" uniqKey="Werstiuk E" first="Eva S." last="Werstiuk">Eva S. Werstiuk</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Departments of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<country>Canada</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rathbone, Michel P" sort="Rathbone, Michel P" uniqKey="Rathbone M" first="Michel P." last="Rathbone">Michel P. Rathbone</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Departments of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<country>Canada</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="Aff4">Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Health Sciences Center, 4N 71B, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5 Canada</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<country>Canada</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">18404453</idno>
<idno type="pmc">2072917</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2072917</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:2072917</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.1007/s11302-007-9073-z</idno>
<date when="2007">2007</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000343</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000343</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000343</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000343</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000C07</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000C07</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">MPP<sup>+</sup>
-induced cytotoxicity in neuroblastoma cells: Antagonism and reversal by guanosine</title>
<author><name sortKey="Pettifer, Kathleen M" sort="Pettifer, Kathleen M" uniqKey="Pettifer K" first="Kathleen M." last="Pettifer">Kathleen M. Pettifer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Departments of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<country>Canada</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Jiang, Shucui" sort="Jiang, Shucui" uniqKey="Jiang S" first="Shucui" last="Jiang">Shucui Jiang</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Departments of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<country>Canada</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bau, Christian" sort="Bau, Christian" uniqKey="Bau C" first="Christian" last="Bau">Christian Bau</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Departments of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<country>Canada</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ballerini, Patrizia" sort="Ballerini, Patrizia" uniqKey="Ballerini P" first="Patrizia" last="Ballerini">Patrizia Ballerini</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3">Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Chieti, Chieti</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Chieti</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="D Limonte, Iolanda" sort="D Limonte, Iolanda" uniqKey="D Limonte I" first="Iolanda" last="D Limonte">Iolanda D Limonte</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3">Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Chieti, Chieti</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>Chieti</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Werstiuk, Eva S" sort="Werstiuk, Eva S" uniqKey="Werstiuk E" first="Eva S." last="Werstiuk">Eva S. Werstiuk</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Departments of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<country>Canada</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rathbone, Michel P" sort="Rathbone, Michel P" uniqKey="Rathbone M" first="Michel P." last="Rathbone">Michel P. Rathbone</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Departments of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<country>Canada</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="Aff4">Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Health Sciences Center, 4N 71B, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5 Canada</nlm:aff>
<orgName type="university">Université McMaster</orgName>
<country>Canada</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Hamilton (Ontario)</settlement>
<region type="state">Ontario</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Purinergic Signalling</title>
<idno type="ISSN">1573-9538</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1573-9546</idno>
<imprint><date when="2007">2007</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Guanosine exerts neuroprotective effects in the central nervous system. Apoptosis, a morphological form of programmed cell death, is implicated in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD). MPP<sup>+</sup>
, a dopaminergic neurotoxin, produces in vivo and in vitro cellular changes characteristic of PD, such as cytotoxicity, resulting in apoptosis. Undifferentiated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells had been used as an in vitro model of Parkinson’s disease. We investigated if extracellular guanosine affected MPP<sup>+</sup>
-induced cytotoxicity and examined the molecular mechanisms mediating its effects. Exposure of neuroblastoma cells to MPP<sup>+</sup>
(10 μM–5 mM for 24–72 h) induced DNA fragmentation in a time-dependent manner (<italic>p</italic>
< 0.05). Administration of guanosine (100 μM) <italic>before, concomitantly with</italic>
or, importantly, <italic>after</italic>
the addition of MPP<sup>+</sup>
abolished MPP<sup>+</sup>
-induced DNA fragmentation. Addition of MPP<sup>+</sup>
(500 μM) to cells increased caspase-3 activity over 72 h (<italic>p</italic>
< 0.05), and this was abolished by pre- or co-treatment with guanosine. Exposure of cells to pertussis toxin prior to MPP<sup>+</sup>
eliminated the anti-apoptotic effect of guanosine, indicating that this effect is dependent on a Gi protein-coupled receptor, most likely the putative guanosine receptor. The protection by guanosine was also abolished by the selective inhibitor of the enzyme PI-3-K/Akt/PKB (LY294002), confirming that this pathway plays a decisive role in this effect of guanosine. Neither MPP<sup>+</sup>
nor guanosine had any significant effect on α-synuclein expression. Thus, guanosine antagonizes and reverses MPP<sup>+</sup>
-induced cytotoxicity of neuroblastoma cells via activation of the cell survival pathway, PI-3-K/Akt/PKB. Our results suggest that guanosine may be an effective pharmacological intervention in PD.</p>
</div>
</front>
<back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
<biblStruct></biblStruct>
</listBibl>
</div1>
</back>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Purinergic Signal</journal-id>
<journal-title>Purinergic Signalling</journal-title>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1573-9538</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1573-9546</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Springer Netherlands</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Dordrecht</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">18404453</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">2072917</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">9073</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/s11302-007-9073-z</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Original Paper</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>MPP<sup>+</sup>
-induced cytotoxicity in neuroblastoma cells: Antagonism and reversal by guanosine</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Pettifer</surname>
<given-names>Kathleen M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Jiang</surname>
<given-names>Shucui</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff2">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bau</surname>
<given-names>Christian</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ballerini</surname>
<given-names>Patrizia</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff3">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>D’Alimonte</surname>
<given-names>Iolanda</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff3">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Werstiuk</surname>
<given-names>Eva S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name name-style="western"><surname>Rathbone</surname>
<given-names>Michel P.</given-names>
</name>
<address><phone>+1-905-5748630</phone>
<fax>+1-905-38833958</fax>
<email>mrathbon@mcmaster.ca</email>
</address>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff4">4</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="Aff1"><label>1</label>
Departments of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada</aff>
<aff id="Aff2"><label>2</label>
Departments of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada</aff>
<aff id="Aff3"><label>3</label>
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy</aff>
<aff id="Aff4"><label>4</label>
Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Health Sciences Center, 4N 71B, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5 Canada</aff>
</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>3</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>9</month>
<year>2007</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>3</volume>
<issue>4</issue>
<fpage>399</fpage>
<lpage>409</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>22</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2007</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>9</day>
<month>8</month>
<year>2007</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2007</copyright-statement>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>Guanosine exerts neuroprotective effects in the central nervous system. Apoptosis, a morphological form of programmed cell death, is implicated in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD). MPP<sup>+</sup>
, a dopaminergic neurotoxin, produces in vivo and in vitro cellular changes characteristic of PD, such as cytotoxicity, resulting in apoptosis. Undifferentiated human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells had been used as an in vitro model of Parkinson’s disease. We investigated if extracellular guanosine affected MPP<sup>+</sup>
-induced cytotoxicity and examined the molecular mechanisms mediating its effects. Exposure of neuroblastoma cells to MPP<sup>+</sup>
(10 μM–5 mM for 24–72 h) induced DNA fragmentation in a time-dependent manner (<italic>p</italic>
< 0.05). Administration of guanosine (100 μM) <italic>before, concomitantly with</italic>
or, importantly, <italic>after</italic>
the addition of MPP<sup>+</sup>
abolished MPP<sup>+</sup>
-induced DNA fragmentation. Addition of MPP<sup>+</sup>
(500 μM) to cells increased caspase-3 activity over 72 h (<italic>p</italic>
< 0.05), and this was abolished by pre- or co-treatment with guanosine. Exposure of cells to pertussis toxin prior to MPP<sup>+</sup>
eliminated the anti-apoptotic effect of guanosine, indicating that this effect is dependent on a Gi protein-coupled receptor, most likely the putative guanosine receptor. The protection by guanosine was also abolished by the selective inhibitor of the enzyme PI-3-K/Akt/PKB (LY294002), confirming that this pathway plays a decisive role in this effect of guanosine. Neither MPP<sup>+</sup>
nor guanosine had any significant effect on α-synuclein expression. Thus, guanosine antagonizes and reverses MPP<sup>+</sup>
-induced cytotoxicity of neuroblastoma cells via activation of the cell survival pathway, PI-3-K/Akt/PKB. Our results suggest that guanosine may be an effective pharmacological intervention in PD.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>Apoptosis</kwd>
<kwd>Caspase-3</kwd>
<kwd>Cell survival</kwd>
<kwd>Cytotoxicity</kwd>
<kwd>DNA fragmentation</kwd>
<kwd>Guanosine</kwd>
<kwd>1-methyl–4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP<sup>+</sup>
)</kwd>
<kwd>Parkinson’s disease</kwd>
<kwd>SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells</kwd>
</kwd-group>
<custom-meta-wrap><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name>
<meta-value>© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007</meta-value>
</custom-meta>
</custom-meta-wrap>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Canada</li>
<li>Italie</li>
</country>
<region><li>Ontario</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Hamilton (Ontario)</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Université McMaster</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><country name="Canada"><region name="Ontario"><name sortKey="Pettifer, Kathleen M" sort="Pettifer, Kathleen M" uniqKey="Pettifer K" first="Kathleen M." last="Pettifer">Kathleen M. Pettifer</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Bau, Christian" sort="Bau, Christian" uniqKey="Bau C" first="Christian" last="Bau">Christian Bau</name>
<name sortKey="Jiang, Shucui" sort="Jiang, Shucui" uniqKey="Jiang S" first="Shucui" last="Jiang">Shucui Jiang</name>
<name sortKey="Rathbone, Michel P" sort="Rathbone, Michel P" uniqKey="Rathbone M" first="Michel P." last="Rathbone">Michel P. Rathbone</name>
<name sortKey="Rathbone, Michel P" sort="Rathbone, Michel P" uniqKey="Rathbone M" first="Michel P." last="Rathbone">Michel P. Rathbone</name>
<name sortKey="Werstiuk, Eva S" sort="Werstiuk, Eva S" uniqKey="Werstiuk E" first="Eva S." last="Werstiuk">Eva S. Werstiuk</name>
</country>
<country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ballerini, Patrizia" sort="Ballerini, Patrizia" uniqKey="Ballerini P" first="Patrizia" last="Ballerini">Patrizia Ballerini</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="D Limonte, Iolanda" sort="D Limonte, Iolanda" uniqKey="D Limonte I" first="Iolanda" last="D Limonte">Iolanda D Limonte</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Canada/explor/ParkinsonCanadaV1/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000C07 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd -nk 000C07 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien |wiki= Wicri/Canada |area= ParkinsonCanadaV1 |flux= Pmc |étape= Checkpoint |type= RBID |clé= PMC:2072917 |texte= MPP+-induced cytotoxicity in neuroblastoma cells: Antagonism and reversal by guanosine }}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:18404453" \ | HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Pmc/Checkpoint/biblio.hfd \ | NlmPubMed2Wicri -a ParkinsonCanadaV1
![]() | This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.29. | ![]() |