The Movement Disorder Society Evidence-Based Medicine Review Update: Treatments for the Motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease
Identifieur interne : 000995 ( PascalFrancis/Curation ); précédent : 000994; suivant : 000996The Movement Disorder Society Evidence-Based Medicine Review Update: Treatments for the Motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease
Auteurs : Susan H. Fox [Canada] ; Regina Katzenschlager [Autriche] ; Shen-Yang Lim [Malaisie] ; Bernard Ravina [États-Unis] ; Klaus Seppi [Autriche] ; Miguel Coelho [Portugal] ; Werner Poewe [Autriche] ; Olivier Rascol [France] ; Christopher G. Goetz [États-Unis] ; Cristina Sampaio [Portugal]Source :
- Movement disorders [ 0885-3185 ] ; 2011.
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- Pascal (Inist)
English descriptors
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Abstract
The objective was to update previous evidence-based medicine reviews of treatments for motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease published between 2002 and 2005. Level I (randomized, controlled trial) reports of pharmacological, surgical, and nonpharmacological interventions for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease between January 2004 (2001 for nonpharmacological) and December 2010 were reviewed. Criteria for inclusion, clinical indications, ranking, efficacy conclusions, safety, and implications for clinical practice followed the original program outline and adhered to evidence-based medicine methodology. Sixty-eight new studies qualified for review. Piribedil, pramipexole, pramipexole extended release, ropinirole, rotigotine, cabergoline, and pergolide were all efficacious as symptomatic monotherapy; ropinirole prolonged release was likely efficacious. All were efficacious as a symptomatic adjunct except pramipexole extended release, for which there is insufficient evidence. For prevention/delay of motor fluctuations, pramipexole and cabergoline were efficacious, and for prevention/delay of dyskinesia, pramipexole, ropinirole, ropinirole prolonged release, and cabergoline were all efficacious, whereas pergolide was likely efficacious. Duodenal infusion of levodopa was likely efficacious in the treatment of motor complications, but the practice implication is investigational. Entacapone was nonefficacious as a symptomatic adjunct to levodopa in nonfluctuating patients and nonefficacious in the prevention/delay of motor complications. Rasagiline conclusions were revised to efficacious as a symptomatic adjunct, and as treatment for motor fluctuations. Clozapine was efficacious in dyskinesia, but because of safety issues, the practice implication is possibly useful. Bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation, bilateral globus pallidus stimulation, and unilateral pallidotomy were updated to efficacious for motor complications. Physical therapy was revised to likely efficacious as symptomatic adjunct therapy. This evidence-based medicine review updates the field and highlights gaps for research.
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en" level="a">The Movement Disorder Society Evidence-Based Medicine Review Update: Treatments for the Motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease</title><author><name sortKey="Fox, Susan H" sort="Fox, Susan H" uniqKey="Fox S" first="Susan H." last="Fox">Susan H. Fox</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Movement Disorder Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Katzenschlager, Regina" sort="Katzenschlager, Regina" uniqKey="Katzenschlager R" first="Regina" last="Katzenschlager">Regina Katzenschlager</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Neurology, Danube Hospital/SMZ-Ost</s1><s2>Vienna</s2><s3>AUT</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Autriche</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lim, Shen Yang" sort="Lim, Shen Yang" uniqKey="Lim S" first="Shen-Yang" last="Lim">Shen-Yang Lim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya</s1><s2>Kuala Lumpur</s2><s3>MYS</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Malaisie</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ravina, Bernard" sort="Ravina, Bernard" uniqKey="Ravina B" first="Bernard" last="Ravina">Bernard Ravina</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Department of Neurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine</s1><s2>Rochester, New York</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seppi, Klaus" sort="Seppi, Klaus" uniqKey="Seppi K" first="Klaus" last="Seppi">Klaus Seppi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Department of Neurology, University Hospital</s1><s2>Innsbruck</s2><s3>AUT</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Autriche</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coelho, Miguel" sort="Coelho, Miguel" uniqKey="Coelho M" first="Miguel" last="Coelho">Miguel Coelho</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Neurological Clinic Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Lisbon School of Medicine</s1><s2>Lisbon</s2><s3>PRT</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Portugal</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poewe, Werner" sort="Poewe, Werner" uniqKey="Poewe W" first="Werner" last="Poewe">Werner Poewe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Department of Neurology, University Hospital</s1><s2>Innsbruck</s2><s3>AUT</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Autriche</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rascol, Olivier" sort="Rascol, Olivier" uniqKey="Rascol O" first="Olivier" last="Rascol">Olivier Rascol</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Toulouse University Hospital</s1><s2>Toulouse</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goetz, Christopher G" sort="Goetz, Christopher G" uniqKey="Goetz C" first="Christopher G." last="Goetz">Christopher G. Goetz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center</s1><s2>Chicago, Illinois</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sampaio, Cristina" sort="Sampaio, Cristina" uniqKey="Sampaio C" first="Cristina" last="Sampaio">Cristina Sampaio</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Neurological Clinic Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Lisbon School of Medicine</s1><s2>Lisbon</s2><s3>PRT</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Portugal</country></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">11-0496525</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 11-0496525 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Pascal:11-0496525</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">000268</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">000995</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">The Movement Disorder Society Evidence-Based Medicine Review Update: Treatments for the Motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease</title><author><name sortKey="Fox, Susan H" sort="Fox, Susan H" uniqKey="Fox S" first="Susan H." last="Fox">Susan H. Fox</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Movement Disorder Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Katzenschlager, Regina" sort="Katzenschlager, Regina" uniqKey="Katzenschlager R" first="Regina" last="Katzenschlager">Regina Katzenschlager</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Neurology, Danube Hospital/SMZ-Ost</s1><s2>Vienna</s2><s3>AUT</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Autriche</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lim, Shen Yang" sort="Lim, Shen Yang" uniqKey="Lim S" first="Shen-Yang" last="Lim">Shen-Yang Lim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya</s1><s2>Kuala Lumpur</s2><s3>MYS</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Malaisie</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ravina, Bernard" sort="Ravina, Bernard" uniqKey="Ravina B" first="Bernard" last="Ravina">Bernard Ravina</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Department of Neurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine</s1><s2>Rochester, New York</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Seppi, Klaus" sort="Seppi, Klaus" uniqKey="Seppi K" first="Klaus" last="Seppi">Klaus Seppi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Department of Neurology, University Hospital</s1><s2>Innsbruck</s2><s3>AUT</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Autriche</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coelho, Miguel" sort="Coelho, Miguel" uniqKey="Coelho M" first="Miguel" last="Coelho">Miguel Coelho</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Neurological Clinic Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Lisbon School of Medicine</s1><s2>Lisbon</s2><s3>PRT</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Portugal</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Poewe, Werner" sort="Poewe, Werner" uniqKey="Poewe W" first="Werner" last="Poewe">Werner Poewe</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Department of Neurology, University Hospital</s1><s2>Innsbruck</s2><s3>AUT</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Autriche</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rascol, Olivier" sort="Rascol, Olivier" uniqKey="Rascol O" first="Olivier" last="Rascol">Olivier Rascol</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Toulouse University Hospital</s1><s2>Toulouse</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goetz, Christopher G" sort="Goetz, Christopher G" uniqKey="Goetz C" first="Christopher G." last="Goetz">Christopher G. Goetz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center</s1><s2>Chicago, Illinois</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sampaio, Cristina" sort="Sampaio, Cristina" uniqKey="Sampaio C" first="Cristina" last="Sampaio">Cristina Sampaio</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Neurological Clinic Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Lisbon School of Medicine</s1><s2>Lisbon</s2><s3>PRT</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Portugal</country></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Movement disorders</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Mov. disord.</title><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Movement disorders</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Mov. disord.</title><idno type="ISSN">0885-3185</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Acupuncture</term><term>Amantadine</term><term>Amine oxidase (flavin-containing)</term><term>Clozapine</term><term>Deep brain stimulation</term><term>Dopamine agonist</term><term>Evidence-based medicine</term><term>Levodopa</term><term>Motor system disorder</term><term>Nervous system diseases</term><term>Parkinson disease</term><term>Physical exercise</term><term>Speech</term><term>Transferases</term><term>Treatment</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Trouble moteur</term><term>Maladie de Parkinson</term><term>Pathologie du système nerveux</term><term>Médecine factuelle</term><term>Traitement</term><term>Lévodopa</term><term>Stimulant dopaminergique</term><term>Amine oxidase (flavin-containing)</term><term>Transferases</term><term>Amantadine</term><term>Clozapine</term><term>Exercice physique</term><term>Parole</term><term>Acupuncture</term><term>Stimulation cérébrale profonde</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The objective was to update previous evidence-based medicine reviews of treatments for motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease published between 2002 and 2005. Level I (randomized, controlled trial) reports of pharmacological, surgical, and nonpharmacological interventions for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease between January 2004 (2001 for nonpharmacological) and December 2010 were reviewed. Criteria for inclusion, clinical indications, ranking, efficacy conclusions, safety, and implications for clinical practice followed the original program outline and adhered to evidence-based medicine methodology. Sixty-eight new studies qualified for review. Piribedil, pramipexole, pramipexole extended release, ropinirole, rotigotine, cabergoline, and pergolide were all efficacious as symptomatic monotherapy; ropinirole prolonged release was likely efficacious. All were efficacious as a symptomatic adjunct except pramipexole extended release, for which there is insufficient evidence. For prevention/delay of motor fluctuations, pramipexole and cabergoline were efficacious, and for prevention/delay of dyskinesia, pramipexole, ropinirole, ropinirole prolonged release, and cabergoline were all efficacious, whereas pergolide was likely efficacious. Duodenal infusion of levodopa was likely efficacious in the treatment of motor complications, but the practice implication is investigational. Entacapone was nonefficacious as a symptomatic adjunct to levodopa in nonfluctuating patients and nonefficacious in the prevention/delay of motor complications. Rasagiline conclusions were revised to efficacious as a symptomatic adjunct, and as treatment for motor fluctuations. Clozapine was efficacious in dyskinesia, but because of safety issues, the practice implication is possibly useful. Bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation, bilateral globus pallidus stimulation, and unilateral pallidotomy were updated to efficacious for motor complications. Physical therapy was revised to likely efficacious as symptomatic adjunct therapy. This evidence-based medicine review updates the field and highlights gaps for research.</div></front></TEI><inist><standard h6="B"><pA><fA01 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>0885-3185</s0></fA01><fA03 i2="1"><s0>Mov. disord.</s0></fA03><fA05><s2>26</s2></fA05><fA06><s2>12</s2><s3>SUP</s3></fA06><fA08 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>The Movement Disorder Society Evidence-Based Medicine Review Update: Treatments for the Motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease</s1></fA08><fA09 i1="01" i2="1" l="ENG"><s1>Evidence Based Medicine</s1></fA09><fA11 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>FOX (Susan H.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>KATZENSCHLAGER (Regina)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>LIM (Shen-Yang)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="04" i2="1"><s1>RAVINA (Bernard)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="05" i2="1"><s1>SEPPI (Klaus)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="06" i2="1"><s1>COELHO (Miguel)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="07" i2="1"><s1>POEWE (Werner)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="08" i2="1"><s1>RASCOL (Olivier)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="09" i2="1"><s1>GOETZ (Christopher G.)</s1></fA11><fA11 i1="10" i2="1"><s1>SAMPAIO (Cristina)</s1></fA11><fA12 i1="01" i2="1"><s1>SAMPAIO (Cristina)</s1><s9>ed.</s9></fA12><fA12 i1="02" i2="1"><s1>SEPPI (Klaus)</s1><s9>ed.</s9></fA12><fA12 i1="03" i2="1"><s1>FOX (Susan H.)</s1><s9>ed.</s9></fA12><fA14 i1="01"><s1>Movement Disorder Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="02"><s1>Department of Neurology, Danube Hospital/SMZ-Ost</s1><s2>Vienna</s2><s3>AUT</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="03"><s1>Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya</s1><s2>Kuala Lumpur</s2><s3>MYS</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="04"><s1>Department of Neurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine</s1><s2>Rochester, New York</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="05"><s1>Department of Neurology, University Hospital</s1><s2>Innsbruck</s2><s3>AUT</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="06"><s1>Neurological Clinic Research Unit, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Lisbon School of Medicine</s1><s2>Lisbon</s2><s3>PRT</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="07"><s1>Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Toulouse University Hospital</s1><s2>Toulouse</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA14 i1="08"><s1>Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center</s1><s2>Chicago, Illinois</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></fA14><fA15 i1="01"><s1>Movement Disorder Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital</s1><s2>Toronto, Ontario</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></fA15><fA15 i1="02"><s1>Department of Neurology, University Hospital</s1><s2>Innsbruck</s2><s3>AUT</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></fA15><fA15 i1="03"><s1>Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center</s1><s2>Chicago, Illinois</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></fA15><fA20><s2>S2-S41</s2></fA20><fA21><s1>2011</s1></fA21><fA23 i1="01"><s0>ENG</s0></fA23><fA43 i1="01"><s1>INIST</s1><s2>20953</s2><s5>354000505556490010</s5></fA43><fA44><s0>0000</s0><s1>© 2011 INIST-CNRS. All rights reserved.</s1></fA44><fA45><s0>120 ref.</s0></fA45><fA47 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>11-0496525</s0></fA47><fA60><s1>P</s1></fA60><fA61><s0>A</s0></fA61><fA64 i1="01" i2="1"><s0>Movement disorders</s0></fA64><fA66 i1="01"><s0>USA</s0></fA66><fC01 i1="01" l="ENG"><s0>The objective was to update previous evidence-based medicine reviews of treatments for motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease published between 2002 and 2005. Level I (randomized, controlled trial) reports of pharmacological, surgical, and nonpharmacological interventions for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease between January 2004 (2001 for nonpharmacological) and December 2010 were reviewed. Criteria for inclusion, clinical indications, ranking, efficacy conclusions, safety, and implications for clinical practice followed the original program outline and adhered to evidence-based medicine methodology. Sixty-eight new studies qualified for review. Piribedil, pramipexole, pramipexole extended release, ropinirole, rotigotine, cabergoline, and pergolide were all efficacious as symptomatic monotherapy; ropinirole prolonged release was likely efficacious. All were efficacious as a symptomatic adjunct except pramipexole extended release, for which there is insufficient evidence. For prevention/delay of motor fluctuations, pramipexole and cabergoline were efficacious, and for prevention/delay of dyskinesia, pramipexole, ropinirole, ropinirole prolonged release, and cabergoline were all efficacious, whereas pergolide was likely efficacious. Duodenal infusion of levodopa was likely efficacious in the treatment of motor complications, but the practice implication is investigational. Entacapone was nonefficacious as a symptomatic adjunct to levodopa in nonfluctuating patients and nonefficacious in the prevention/delay of motor complications. Rasagiline conclusions were revised to efficacious as a symptomatic adjunct, and as treatment for motor fluctuations. Clozapine was efficacious in dyskinesia, but because of safety issues, the practice implication is possibly useful. Bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation, bilateral globus pallidus stimulation, and unilateral pallidotomy were updated to efficacious for motor complications. Physical therapy was revised to likely efficacious as symptomatic adjunct therapy. This evidence-based medicine review updates the field and highlights gaps for research.</s0></fC01><fC02 i1="01" i2="X"><s0>002B17</s0></fC02><fC02 i1="02" i2="X"><s0>002B17G</s0></fC02><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Trouble moteur</s0><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Motor system disorder</s0><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Trastorno motor</s0><s5>01</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Maladie de Parkinson</s0><s2>NM</s2><s5>02</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Parkinson disease</s0><s2>NM</s2><s5>02</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Parkinson enfermedad</s0><s2>NM</s2><s5>02</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Pathologie du système nerveux</s0><s5>03</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Nervous system diseases</s0><s5>03</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Sistema nervioso patología</s0><s5>03</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Médecine factuelle</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Evidence-based medicine</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Medicina basada en pruebas</s0><s5>09</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Traitement</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Treatment</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Tratamiento</s0><s5>10</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Lévodopa</s0><s2>NK</s2><s2>FR</s2><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Levodopa</s0><s2>NK</s2><s2>FR</s2><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Levodopa</s0><s2>NK</s2><s2>FR</s2><s5>11</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Stimulant dopaminergique</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Dopamine agonist</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Estimulante dopaminérgico</s0><s5>12</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Amine oxidase (flavin-containing)</s0><s2>FE</s2><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Amine oxidase (flavin-containing)</s0><s2>FE</s2><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Amine oxidase (flavin-containing)</s0><s2>FE</s2><s5>13</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Transferases</s0><s2>FE</s2><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Transferases</s0><s2>FE</s2><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Transferases</s0><s2>FE</s2><s5>14</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Amantadine</s0><s2>NK</s2><s2>FR</s2><s5>15</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Amantadine</s0><s2>NK</s2><s2>FR</s2><s5>15</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Amantadina</s0><s2>NK</s2><s2>FR</s2><s5>15</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Clozapine</s0><s2>NK</s2><s2>FR</s2><s5>16</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Clozapine</s0><s2>NK</s2><s2>FR</s2><s5>16</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Clozapina</s0><s2>NK</s2><s2>FR</s2><s5>16</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Exercice physique</s0><s5>17</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Physical exercise</s0><s5>17</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="12" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Ejercicio físico</s0><s5>17</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Parole</s0><s5>18</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Speech</s0><s5>18</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="13" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Habla</s0><s5>18</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Acupuncture</s0><s5>19</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Acupuncture</s0><s5>19</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="14" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Acupuntura</s0><s5>19</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Stimulation cérébrale profonde</s0><s4>CD</s4><s5>96</s5></fC03><fC03 i1="15" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Deep brain stimulation</s0><s4>CD</s4><s5>96</s5></fC03><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Pratique basée sur des preuves</s0></fC07><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Evidence-based practice</s0></fC07><fC07 i1="01" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Práctica basada en la evidencia</s0></fC07><fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Oxidoreductases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Oxidoreductases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="02" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Oxidoreductases</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Enzyme</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Enzyme</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Enzima</s0><s2>FE</s2></fC07><fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Trouble neurologique</s0><s5>38</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Neurological disorder</s0><s5>38</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="04" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Trastorno neurológico</s0><s5>38</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Pathologie de l'encéphale</s0><s5>39</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Cerebral disorder</s0><s5>39</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="05" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Encéfalo patología</s0><s5>39</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Syndrome extrapyramidal</s0><s5>40</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Extrapyramidal syndrome</s0><s5>40</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="06" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Extrapiramidal síndrome</s0><s5>40</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Maladie dégénérative</s0><s5>41</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Degenerative disease</s0><s5>41</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="07" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Enfermedad degenerativa</s0><s5>41</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="FRE"><s0>Pathologie du système nerveux central</s0><s5>42</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="ENG"><s0>Central nervous system disease</s0><s5>42</s5></fC07><fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Sistema nervosio central patología</s0><s5>42</s5></fC07><fN21><s1>346</s1></fN21><fN44 i1="01"><s1>OTO</s1></fN44><fN82><s1>OTO</s1></fN82></pA></standard></inist></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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|texte= The Movement Disorder Society Evidence-Based Medicine Review Update: Treatments for the Motor Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease
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