ParkinsonCanadaV1, PascalFrancis, Checkpoint, bibRecord, 000962

Density-dependent mortality is mediated by foraging activity for prey fish in whole-lake experiments

Identifieur interne : 000962 ( PascalFrancis/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000961; suivant : 000963

Density-dependent mortality is mediated by foraging activity for prey fish in whole-lake experiments

Auteurs : Peter A. Biro [Canada] ; John R. Post [Canada] ; Eric A. Parkinson [Canada]

Source :

Journal of animal ecology [ 0021-8790 ] ; 2003.

RBID : Pascal:03-0427771

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Densité dépendance, Mortalité, Comportement approvisionnement, Proie, Cannibalisme, Ressource alimentaire, Facteur milieu, Lac, Pisces, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Daphnia.
Wicri :
- topic : Mortalité, Ressource alimentaire, Lac.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Cannibalism, Daphnia, Density dependence, Environmental factor, Food supply, Foraging behavior, Lakes, Mortality, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Pisces, Prey.

Abstract

1. Whereas the effects of density-dependent growth and survival on population dynamics are well-known, mechanisms that give rise to density dependence in animal populations are not well understood. We tested the hypothesis that the trade-off between growth and mortality rates is mediated by foraging activity and habitat use. Thus, if depletion of food by prey is density-dependent, and leads to greater foraging activity and risky habitat use, then visibility and encounter rates with predators must also increase. 2. We tested this hypothesis by experimentally manipulating the density of young rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at risk of cannibalism, in a replicated single-factor experiment using eight small lakes, during an entire growing season. 3. We found no evidence for density-dependent depletion of daphnid food in the near, shore refuge where most age-0 trout resided. Nonetheless, the proportion of time spent moving by individual age-0 trout, the proportion of individuals continuously active, and use of deeper habitats was greater in high density populations than in low density populations. Differences in food abundance among lakes had no effect on measures of activity or habitat use. 4. Mortality of age-0 trout over the growing season was higher in high density populations, and in lakes with lower daphnid food abundance. Therefore, population-level mortality of age-0 trout is linked to greater activity and use of risky habitats by individuals at high densities. We suspect that food resources were depleted at small spatial and temporal scales no detected by our plankton sampling in the high density treatment, because food-dependent activity and habitat use by age-0 trout occurs in our lakes when food abundance is experimentally manipulated (Biro, Post & Parkinson, in press).

Affiliations:

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Pascal:03-0427771

Le document en format XML

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<term>Foraging behavior</term>
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<term>Mortality</term>
<term>Oncorhynchus mykiss</term>
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<term>Ressource alimentaire</term>
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<term>Oncorhynchus mykiss</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">1. Whereas the effects of density-dependent growth and survival on population dynamics are well-known, mechanisms that give rise to density dependence in animal populations are not well understood. We tested the hypothesis that the trade-off between growth and mortality rates is mediated by foraging activity and habitat use. Thus, if depletion of food by prey is density-dependent, and leads to greater foraging activity and risky habitat use, then visibility and encounter rates with predators must also increase. 2. We tested this hypothesis by experimentally manipulating the density of young rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at risk of cannibalism, in a replicated single-factor experiment using eight small lakes, during an entire growing season. 3. We found no evidence for density-dependent depletion of daphnid food in the near, shore refuge where most age-0 trout resided. Nonetheless, the proportion of time spent moving by individual age-0 trout, the proportion of individuals continuously active, and use of deeper habitats was greater in high density populations than in low density populations. Differences in food abundance among lakes had no effect on measures of activity or habitat use. 4. Mortality of age-0 trout over the growing season was higher in high density populations, and in lakes with lower daphnid food abundance. Therefore, population-level mortality of age-0 trout is linked to greater activity and use of risky habitats by individuals at high densities. We suspect that food resources were depleted at small spatial and temporal scales no detected by our plankton sampling in the high density treatment, because food-dependent activity and habitat use by age-0 trout occurs in our lakes when food abundance is experimentally manipulated (Biro, Post & Parkinson, in press).</div>
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<s5>03</s5>
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<fC03 i1="03" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Conducta abastecimiento</s0>
<s5>03</s5>
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<s5>04</s5>
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<s5>04</s5>
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<s5>04</s5>
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<s5>06</s5>
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<s5>06</s5>
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<s5>06</s5>
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<s5>07</s5>
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<s5>07</s5>
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<s5>07</s5>
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<s5>08</s5>
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<s5>08</s5>
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<s5>08</s5>
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<s5>55</s5>
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<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>55</s5>
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<fC03 i1="09" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Pisces</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>55</s5>
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<s5>56</s5>
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<fC03 i1="10" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Oncorhynchus mykiss</s0>
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<s5>56</s5>
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<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>57</s5>
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<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>57</s5>
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<fC03 i1="11" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Daphnia</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>57</s5>
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<s5>21</s5>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<s2>NS</s2>
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<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>61</s5>
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<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>61</s5>
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<fC07 i1="08" i2="X" l="SPA"><s0>Salmonidae</s0>
<s2>NS</s2>
<s5>61</s5>
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<fN21><s1>293</s1>
</fN21>
<fN82><s1>PSI</s1>
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<tree><country name="Canada"><region name="Alberta"><name sortKey="Biro, Peter A" sort="Biro, Peter A" uniqKey="Biro P" first="Peter A." last="Biro">Peter A. Biro</name>
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<name sortKey="Parkinson, Eric A" sort="Parkinson, Eric A" uniqKey="Parkinson E" first="Eric A." last="Parkinson">Eric A. Parkinson</name>
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   |texte=   Density-dependent mortality is mediated by foraging activity for prey fish in whole-lake experiments
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	La maladie de Parkinson au Canada (serveur d'exploration)
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La maladie de Parkinson au Canada (serveur d'exploration)

Density-dependent mortality is mediated by foraging activity for prey fish in whole-lake experiments

Density-dependent mortality is mediated by foraging activity for prey fish in whole-lake experiments

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