D3 dopamine receptor-preferring [11C]PHNO PET imaging in Parkinson patients with dyskinesia
Identifieur interne : 001E23 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 001E22; suivant : 001E24D3 dopamine receptor-preferring [11C]PHNO PET imaging in Parkinson patients with dyskinesia
Auteurs : Doris E. Payer ; Mark Guttman ; Stephen J. Kish ; Junchao Tong ; John R. Adams ; Pablo Rusjan ; Sylvain Houle ; Yoshiaki Furukawa ; Alan A. Wilson ; Isabelle BoileauSource :
- Neurology [ 0028-3878 ] ; 2016.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aged, Carbon Radioisotopes, Case-Control Studies, Dopamine Agents (adverse effects), Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced (diagnostic imaging), Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced (etiology), Female, Globus Pallidus (diagnostic imaging), Humans, Levodopa (adverse effects), Male, Middle Aged, Neostriatum (diagnostic imaging), Parkinson Disease (diagnostic imaging), Parkinson Disease (drug therapy), Positron-Emission Tomography (methods), Receptors, Dopamine D2 (agonists), Receptors, Dopamine D2 (metabolism), Receptors, Dopamine D3 (agonists), Receptors, Dopamine D3 (metabolism), Up-Regulation, Ventral Striatum (diagnostic imaging).
- MESH :
- chemical , adverse effects : Dopamine Agents, Levodopa.
- chemical , agonists : Receptors, Dopamine D2, Receptors, Dopamine D3.
- chemical , metabolism : Receptors, Dopamine D2, Receptors, Dopamine D3.
- chemical : Carbon Radioisotopes.
- diagnostic imaging : Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced, Globus Pallidus, Neostriatum, Parkinson Disease, Ventral Striatum.
- drug therapy : Parkinson Disease.
- etiology : Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced.
- methods : Positron-Emission Tomography.
- Aged, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Up-Regulation.
Abstract
To investigate whether levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID) are associated with D3 overexpression in levodopa-treated humans with Parkinson disease (PD).
In this case-control study, we used PET with the D3-preferring radioligand [11C]-(+)-PHNO to estimate D2/3 receptor binding in patients with levodopa-treated PD with LID (n = 12) and without LID (n = 12), and healthy control subjects matched for age, sex, education, and mental status (n = 18).
Compared to nondyskinetic patients, those with LID showed heightened [11C]-(+)-PHNO binding in the D3-rich globus pallidus. Both PD groups also showed higher binding than controls in the sensorimotor division of the striatum. In contrast, D2/3 binding in the ventral striatum was lower in patients with LID than without, possibly reflecting higher dopamine levels.
Dopaminergic abnormalities contributing to LID may include elevated D2/3 binding in globus pallidus, perhaps reflecting D3 receptor upregulation. The findings support therapeutic strategies that target and diminish activity at D3 to prevent LID.
Url:
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002285
PubMed: 26718579
PubMed Central: 4733157
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Payer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guttman, Mark" sort="Guttman, Mark" uniqKey="Guttman M" first="Mark" last="Guttman">Mark Guttman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kish, Stephen J" sort="Kish, Stephen J" uniqKey="Kish S" first="Stephen J." last="Kish">Stephen J. Kish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tong, Junchao" sort="Tong, Junchao" uniqKey="Tong J" first="Junchao" last="Tong">Junchao Tong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Adams, John R" sort="Adams, John R" uniqKey="Adams J" first="John R." last="Adams">John R. Adams</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rusjan, Pablo" sort="Rusjan, Pablo" uniqKey="Rusjan P" first="Pablo" last="Rusjan">Pablo Rusjan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Houle, Sylvain" sort="Houle, Sylvain" uniqKey="Houle S" first="Sylvain" last="Houle">Sylvain Houle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Furukawa, Yoshiaki" sort="Furukawa, Yoshiaki" uniqKey="Furukawa Y" first="Yoshiaki" last="Furukawa">Yoshiaki Furukawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wilson, Alan A" sort="Wilson, Alan A" uniqKey="Wilson A" first="Alan A." last="Wilson">Alan A. Wilson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boileau, Isabelle" sort="Boileau, Isabelle" uniqKey="Boileau I" first="Isabelle" last="Boileau">Isabelle Boileau</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Neurology</title><idno type="ISSN">0028-3878</idno><idno type="eISSN">1526-632X</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aged</term><term>Carbon Radioisotopes</term><term>Case-Control Studies</term><term>Dopamine Agents (adverse effects)</term><term>Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced (diagnostic imaging)</term><term>Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced (etiology)</term><term>Female</term><term>Globus Pallidus (diagnostic imaging)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Levodopa (adverse effects)</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Neostriatum (diagnostic imaging)</term><term>Parkinson Disease (diagnostic imaging)</term><term>Parkinson Disease (drug therapy)</term><term>Positron-Emission Tomography (methods)</term><term>Receptors, Dopamine D2 (agonists)</term><term>Receptors, Dopamine D2 (metabolism)</term><term>Receptors, Dopamine D3 (agonists)</term><term>Receptors, Dopamine D3 (metabolism)</term><term>Up-Regulation</term><term>Ventral Striatum (diagnostic imaging)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="adverse effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Dopamine Agents</term><term>Levodopa</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="agonists" xml:lang="en"><term>Receptors, Dopamine D2</term><term>Receptors, Dopamine D3</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Receptors, Dopamine D2</term><term>Receptors, Dopamine D3</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" xml:lang="en"><term>Carbon Radioisotopes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnostic imaging" xml:lang="en"><term>Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced</term><term>Globus Pallidus</term><term>Neostriatum</term><term>Parkinson Disease</term><term>Ventral Striatum</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Parkinson Disease</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Positron-Emission Tomography</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Aged</term><term>Case-Control Studies</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Up-Regulation</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective:</title><p>To investigate whether levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID) are associated with D<sub>3</sub> overexpression in levodopa-treated humans with Parkinson disease (PD).</p></sec><sec><title>Methods:</title><p>In this case-control study, we used PET with the D<sub>3</sub>-preferring radioligand [<sup>11</sup>C]-(+)-PHNO to estimate D<sub>2/3</sub> receptor binding in patients with levodopa-treated PD with LID (n = 12) and without LID (n = 12), and healthy control subjects matched for age, sex, education, and mental status (n = 18).</p></sec><sec><title>Results:</title><p>Compared to nondyskinetic patients, those with LID showed heightened [<sup>11</sup>C]-(+)-PHNO binding in the D<sub>3</sub>-rich globus pallidus. Both PD groups also showed higher binding than controls in the sensorimotor division of the striatum. In contrast, D<sub>2/3</sub> binding in the ventral striatum was lower in patients with LID than without, possibly reflecting higher dopamine levels.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions:</title><p>Dopaminergic abnormalities contributing to LID may include elevated D<sub>2/3</sub> binding in globus pallidus, perhaps reflecting D<sub>3</sub> receptor upregulation. The findings support therapeutic strategies that target and diminish activity at D<sub>3</sub> to prevent LID.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><double pmid="26718579"><pmc><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">D<sub>3</sub> dopamine receptor-preferring [<sup>11</sup>C]PHNO PET imaging in Parkinson patients with dyskinesia</title><author><name sortKey="Payer, Doris E" sort="Payer, Doris E" uniqKey="Payer D" first="Doris E." last="Payer">Doris E. Payer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guttman, Mark" sort="Guttman, Mark" uniqKey="Guttman M" first="Mark" last="Guttman">Mark Guttman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kish, Stephen J" sort="Kish, Stephen J" uniqKey="Kish S" first="Stephen J." last="Kish">Stephen J. Kish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tong, Junchao" sort="Tong, Junchao" uniqKey="Tong J" first="Junchao" last="Tong">Junchao Tong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Adams, John R" sort="Adams, John R" uniqKey="Adams J" first="John R." last="Adams">John R. Adams</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rusjan, Pablo" sort="Rusjan, Pablo" uniqKey="Rusjan P" first="Pablo" last="Rusjan">Pablo Rusjan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Houle, Sylvain" sort="Houle, Sylvain" uniqKey="Houle S" first="Sylvain" last="Houle">Sylvain Houle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Furukawa, Yoshiaki" sort="Furukawa, Yoshiaki" uniqKey="Furukawa Y" first="Yoshiaki" last="Furukawa">Yoshiaki Furukawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wilson, Alan A" sort="Wilson, Alan A" uniqKey="Wilson A" first="Alan A." last="Wilson">Alan A. Wilson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boileau, Isabelle" sort="Boileau, Isabelle" uniqKey="Boileau I" first="Isabelle" last="Boileau">Isabelle Boileau</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26718579</idno><idno type="pmc">4733157</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4733157</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4733157</idno><idno type="doi">10.1212/WNL.0000000000002285</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000127</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000127</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000127</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000127</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000145</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000145</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">D<sub>3</sub> dopamine receptor-preferring [<sup>11</sup>C]PHNO PET imaging in Parkinson patients with dyskinesia</title><author><name sortKey="Payer, Doris E" sort="Payer, Doris E" uniqKey="Payer D" first="Doris E." last="Payer">Doris E. Payer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guttman, Mark" sort="Guttman, Mark" uniqKey="Guttman M" first="Mark" last="Guttman">Mark Guttman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kish, Stephen J" sort="Kish, Stephen J" uniqKey="Kish S" first="Stephen J." last="Kish">Stephen J. Kish</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tong, Junchao" sort="Tong, Junchao" uniqKey="Tong J" first="Junchao" last="Tong">Junchao Tong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Adams, John R" sort="Adams, John R" uniqKey="Adams J" first="John R." last="Adams">John R. Adams</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rusjan, Pablo" sort="Rusjan, Pablo" uniqKey="Rusjan P" first="Pablo" last="Rusjan">Pablo Rusjan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Houle, Sylvain" sort="Houle, Sylvain" uniqKey="Houle S" first="Sylvain" last="Houle">Sylvain Houle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Furukawa, Yoshiaki" sort="Furukawa, Yoshiaki" uniqKey="Furukawa Y" first="Yoshiaki" last="Furukawa">Yoshiaki Furukawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wilson, Alan A" sort="Wilson, Alan A" uniqKey="Wilson A" first="Alan A." last="Wilson">Alan A. Wilson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boileau, Isabelle" sort="Boileau, Isabelle" uniqKey="Boileau I" first="Isabelle" last="Boileau">Isabelle Boileau</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Neurology</title><idno type="ISSN">0028-3878</idno><idno type="eISSN">1526-632X</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective:</title><p>To investigate whether levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID) are associated with D<sub>3</sub> overexpression in levodopa-treated humans with Parkinson disease (PD).</p></sec><sec><title>Methods:</title><p>In this case-control study, we used PET with the D<sub>3</sub>-preferring radioligand [<sup>11</sup>C]-(+)-PHNO to estimate D<sub>2/3</sub> receptor binding in patients with levodopa-treated PD with LID (n = 12) and without LID (n = 12), and healthy control subjects matched for age, sex, education, and mental status (n = 18).</p></sec><sec><title>Results:</title><p>Compared to nondyskinetic patients, those with LID showed heightened [<sup>11</sup>C]-(+)-PHNO binding in the D<sub>3</sub>-rich globus pallidus. Both PD groups also showed higher binding than controls in the sensorimotor division of the striatum. In contrast, D<sub>2/3</sub> binding in the ventral striatum was lower in patients with LID than without, possibly reflecting higher dopamine levels.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions:</title><p>Dopaminergic abnormalities contributing to LID may include elevated D<sub>2/3</sub> binding in globus pallidus, perhaps reflecting D<sub>3</sub> receptor upregulation. The findings support therapeutic strategies that target and diminish activity at D<sub>3</sub> to prevent LID.</p></sec></div></front></TEI></pmc><pubmed><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">D3 dopamine receptor-preferring [11C]PHNO PET imaging in Parkinson patients with dyskinesia.</title><author><name sortKey="Payer, Doris E" sort="Payer, Doris E" uniqKey="Payer D" first="Doris E" last="Payer">Doris E. Payer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guttman, Mark" sort="Guttman, Mark" uniqKey="Guttman M" first="Mark" last="Guttman">Mark Guttman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kish, Stephen J" sort="Kish, Stephen J" uniqKey="Kish S" first="Stephen J" last="Kish">Stephen J. Kish</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tong, Junchao" sort="Tong, Junchao" uniqKey="Tong J" first="Junchao" last="Tong">Junchao Tong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adams, John R" sort="Adams, John R" uniqKey="Adams J" first="John R" last="Adams">John R. Adams</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rusjan, Pablo" sort="Rusjan, Pablo" uniqKey="Rusjan P" first="Pablo" last="Rusjan">Pablo Rusjan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Houle, Sylvain" sort="Houle, Sylvain" uniqKey="Houle S" first="Sylvain" last="Houle">Sylvain Houle</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Furukawa, Yoshiaki" sort="Furukawa, Yoshiaki" uniqKey="Furukawa Y" first="Yoshiaki" last="Furukawa">Yoshiaki Furukawa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilson, Alan A" sort="Wilson, Alan A" uniqKey="Wilson A" first="Alan A" last="Wilson">Alan A. Wilson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boileau, Isabelle" sort="Boileau, Isabelle" uniqKey="Boileau I" first="Isabelle" last="Boileau">Isabelle Boileau</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada. isabelle.boileau@camh.ca.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:26718579</idno><idno type="pmid">26718579</idno><idno type="doi">10.1212/WNL.0000000000002285</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000305</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000305</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000305</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000305</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000305</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000305</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">D3 dopamine receptor-preferring [11C]PHNO PET imaging in Parkinson patients with dyskinesia.</title><author><name sortKey="Payer, Doris E" sort="Payer, Doris E" uniqKey="Payer D" first="Doris E" last="Payer">Doris E. Payer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guttman, Mark" sort="Guttman, Mark" uniqKey="Guttman M" first="Mark" last="Guttman">Mark Guttman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kish, Stephen J" sort="Kish, Stephen J" uniqKey="Kish S" first="Stephen J" last="Kish">Stephen J. Kish</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tong, Junchao" sort="Tong, Junchao" uniqKey="Tong J" first="Junchao" last="Tong">Junchao Tong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Adams, John R" sort="Adams, John R" uniqKey="Adams J" first="John R" last="Adams">John R. Adams</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rusjan, Pablo" sort="Rusjan, Pablo" uniqKey="Rusjan P" first="Pablo" last="Rusjan">Pablo Rusjan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Houle, Sylvain" sort="Houle, Sylvain" uniqKey="Houle S" first="Sylvain" last="Houle">Sylvain Houle</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Furukawa, Yoshiaki" sort="Furukawa, Yoshiaki" uniqKey="Furukawa Y" first="Yoshiaki" last="Furukawa">Yoshiaki Furukawa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wilson, Alan A" sort="Wilson, Alan A" uniqKey="Wilson A" first="Alan A" last="Wilson">Alan A. Wilson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boileau, Isabelle" sort="Boileau, Isabelle" uniqKey="Boileau I" first="Isabelle" last="Boileau">Isabelle Boileau</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada. isabelle.boileau@camh.ca.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Markham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Neurology</title><idno type="eISSN">1526-632X</idno><imprint><date when="2016" type="published">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aged</term><term>Carbon Radioisotopes</term><term>Case-Control Studies</term><term>Dopamine Agents (adverse effects)</term><term>Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced (diagnostic imaging)</term><term>Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced (etiology)</term><term>Female</term><term>Globus Pallidus (diagnostic imaging)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Levodopa (adverse effects)</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Neostriatum (diagnostic imaging)</term><term>Parkinson Disease (diagnostic imaging)</term><term>Parkinson Disease (drug therapy)</term><term>Positron-Emission Tomography (methods)</term><term>Receptors, Dopamine D2 (agonists)</term><term>Receptors, Dopamine D2 (metabolism)</term><term>Receptors, Dopamine D3 (agonists)</term><term>Receptors, Dopamine D3 (metabolism)</term><term>Up-Regulation</term><term>Ventral Striatum (diagnostic imaging)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="adverse effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Dopamine Agents</term><term>Levodopa</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="agonists" xml:lang="en"><term>Receptors, Dopamine D2</term><term>Receptors, Dopamine D3</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Receptors, Dopamine D2</term><term>Receptors, Dopamine D3</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" xml:lang="en"><term>Carbon Radioisotopes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="diagnostic imaging" xml:lang="en"><term>Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced</term><term>Globus Pallidus</term><term>Neostriatum</term><term>Parkinson Disease</term><term>Ventral Striatum</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Parkinson Disease</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="etiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Positron-Emission Tomography</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Aged</term><term>Case-Control Studies</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Up-Regulation</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">To investigate whether levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID) are associated with D3 overexpression in levodopa-treated humans with Parkinson disease (PD).</div></front></TEI></pubmed></double></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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