Systematics of spiny‐backed treefrogs (Hylidae: Osteocephalus): an Amazonian puzzle
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Auteurs : Karl-Heinz Jungfer [Argentine] ; Julián Faivovich [Argentine] ; José M. Padial [États-Unis] ; Santiago Castroviejo-Fisher [États-Unis, Brésil] ; Mariana M. Lyra [Brésil] ; Bianca V. M. Berneck [Brésil] ; Patricia P. Iglesias [Argentine] ; Philippe J. R. Kok [Belgique] ; Ross D. Macculloch [Canada] ; Miguel T. Rodrigues [Brésil] ; Vanessa K. Verdade [Brésil] ; Claudia P. Torres Gastello [Pérou] ; Juan Carlos Chaparro [Pérou] ; Paula H. Valdujo [Brésil] ; Steffen Reichle [Niger] ; Ji Moravec [République tchèque] ; Václav Gvoždík [République tchèque] ; Giussepe Gagliardi-Urrutia [Pérou] ; Raffael Ernst [Allemagne] ; Ignacio De La Riva [Espagne] ; Donald Bruce Means [États-Unis] ; Albertina P. Lima [Brésil] ; J. Celsa Se Aris [Venezuela] ; Ward C. Wheeler [États-Unis] ; Célio F. B. Haddad [Brésil]Source :
- Zoologica Scripta [ 0300-3256 ] ; 2013-07.
Abstract
Spiny‐backed tree frogs of the genus Osteocephalus are conspicuous components of the tropical wet forests of the Amazon and the Guiana Shield. Here, we revise the phylogenetic relationships of Osteocephalus and its sister group Tepuihyla, using up to 6134 bp of DNA sequences of nine mitochondrial and one nuclear gene for 338 specimens from eight countries and 218 localities, representing 89% of the 28 currently recognized nominal species. Our phylogenetic analyses reveal (i) the paraphyly of Osteocephalus with respect to Tepuihyla, (ii) the placement of ‘Hyla’ warreni as sister to Tepuihyla, (iii) the non‐monophyly of several currently recognized species within Osteocephalus and (iv) the presence of low (<1%) and overlapping genetic distances among phenotypically well‐characterized nominal species (e.g. O. taurinus and O. oophagus) for the 16S gene fragment used in amphibian DNA barcoding. We propose a new taxonomy, securing the monophyly of Osteocephalus and Tepuihyla by rearranging and redefining the content of both genera and also erect a new genus for the sister group of Osteocephalus. The colouration of newly metamorphosed individuals is proposed as a morphological synapomorphy for Osteocephalus. We recognize and define five monophyletic species groups within Osteocephalus, synonymize three species of Osteocephalus (O. germani, O. phasmatus and O. vilmae) and three species of Tepuihyla (T. celsae, T. galani and T. talbergae) and reallocate three species (Hyla helenae to Osteocephalus, O. exophthalmus to Tepuihyla and O. pearsoni to Dryaderces gen. n.). Furthermore, we flag nine putative new species (an increase to 138% of the current diversity). We conclude that species numbers are largely underestimated, with most hidden diversity centred on widespread and polymorphic nominal species. The evolutionary origin of breeding strategies within Osteocephalus is discussed in the light of this new phylogenetic hypothesis, and a novel type of amplexus (gular amplexus) is described.
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DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12015
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R." last="Kok">Philippe J. R. Kok</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Amphibian Evolution Lab, Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B‐1050, Brussels, Belgium</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Amphibian Evolution Lab, Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B‐1050, Brussels</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Vertebrates, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, rue Vautier 29, B‐1000, Brussels, Belgium</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Vertebrates, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, rue Vautier 29, B‐1000, Brussels</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: Philippe.Kok@naturalsciences.be</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Belgique</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Macculloch, Ross D" sort="Macculloch, Ross D" uniqKey="Macculloch R" first="Ross D." last="Macculloch">Ross D. Macculloch</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queens Park, ON, M5S 2C6, Toronto, Canada</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queens Park, ON, M5S 2C6, Toronto</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: rossm@rom.on.ca</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Canada</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rodrigues, Miguel T" sort="Rodrigues, Miguel T" uniqKey="Rodrigues M" first="Miguel T." last="Rodrigues">Miguel T. Rodrigues</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 11461, CEP 05508‐090, São Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 11461, CEP 05508‐090, São Paulo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: mturodri@usp.br</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Brésil</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Verdade, Vanessa K" sort="Verdade, Vanessa K" uniqKey="Verdade V" first="Vanessa K." last="Verdade">Vanessa K. Verdade</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Av. dos Estados, São Paulo, 5001CEP 09210‐971, Santo André, Brazil</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Av. dos Estados, São Paulo, 5001CEP 09210‐971, Santo André</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: vverdade@gmail.com</mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="no comma">E-mail: vverdade@gmail.com</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Torres Gastello, Claudia P" sort="Torres Gastello, Claudia P" uniqKey="Torres Gastello C" first="Claudia P." last="Torres Gastello">Claudia P. Torres Gastello</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Arenales 1256, Apto. 14‐0434, Lima 14, Peru</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pérou</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Arenales 1256, Apto. 14‐0434, Lima 14</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: claprist@yahoo.com</mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="no comma">E-mail: claprist@yahoo.com</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chaparro, Juan Carlos" sort="Chaparro, Juan Carlos" uniqKey="Chaparro J" first="Juan Carlos" last="Chaparro">Juan Carlos Chaparro</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pérou</country><wicri:regionArea>Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: jchaparroauza@yahoo.com</mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="no comma">E-mail: jchaparroauza@yahoo.com</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Valdujo, Paula H" sort="Valdujo, Paula H" uniqKey="Valdujo P" first="Paula H." last="Valdujo">Paula H. Valdujo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, travessa 14, SP, 05508‐900, São Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, travessa 14, SP, 05508‐900, São Paulo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: paula.valdujo@gmail.com</mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="no comma">E-mail: paula.valdujo@gmail.com</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reichle, Steffen" sort="Reichle, Steffen" uniqKey="Reichle S" first="Steffen" last="Reichle">Steffen Reichle</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Fundación para la Conservación del Bosque Chiquitano, Av. Ejército Nacional No 160, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia</mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="subField">Bolivia</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: sreichle@cotas.net</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Niger</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moravec, Ji" sort="Moravec, Ji" uniqKey="Moravec J" first="Ji" last="Moravec">Ji Moravec</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, National Museum, Prague 9, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Zoology, National Museum, Prague 9</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: jiri.moravec@nm.cz</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">République tchèque</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gvozdik, Vaclav" sort="Gvozdik, Vaclav" uniqKey="Gvozdik V" first="Václav" last="Gvoždík">Václav Gvoždík</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, National Museum, Prague 9, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Zoology, National Museum, Prague 9</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: vgvozdik@email.cz</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">République tchèque</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gagliardi Rrutia, Giussepe" sort="Gagliardi Rrutia, Giussepe" uniqKey="Gagliardi Rrutia G" first="Giussepe" last="Gagliardi-Urrutia">Giussepe Gagliardi-Urrutia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Programa de Investigación en Biodiversidad Amazónica del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana, Av. Quiñonez Km 2.5, Iquitos, Perú</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pérou</country><wicri:regionArea>Programa de Investigación en Biodiversidad Amazónica del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana, Av. Quiñonez Km 2.5, Iquitos</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: giussepegagliardi@yahoo.com</mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="no comma">E-mail: giussepegagliardi@yahoo.com</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ernst, Raffael" sort="Ernst, Raffael" uniqKey="Ernst R" first="Raffael" last="Ernst">Raffael Ernst</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Museum für Tierkunde, Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden, Königsbrücker Landstr. 159, D‐01109, Dresden, Germany</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Museum für Tierkunde, Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden, Königsbrücker Landstr. 159, D‐01109, Dresden</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: raffael.ernst@senckenberg.de</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Allemagne</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De La Riva, Ignacio" sort="De La Riva, Ignacio" uniqKey="De La Riva I" first="Ignacio" last="De La Riva">Ignacio De La Riva</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales‐CSIC, C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales‐CSIC, C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: iriva@mncn.csic.es</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Espagne</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Means, Donald Bruce" sort="Means, Donald Bruce" uniqKey="Means D" first="Donald Bruce" last="Means">Donald Bruce Means</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Coastal Plains Institute and Land Conservancy, 1313 Milton Street, FL, 32303, Tallahassee, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Coastal Plains Institute and Land Conservancy, 1313 Milton Street, FL, 32303, Tallahassee</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: means@bio.fsu.edu</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lima, Albertina P" sort="Lima, Albertina P" uniqKey="Lima A" first="Albertina P." last="Lima">Albertina P. Lima</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Caixa Postal 478, CEP 69011‐970, ManausAmazonas, Brazil</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Caixa Postal 478, CEP 69011‐970, ManausAmazonas</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: lima@inpa.gov.br</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Brésil</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Se Aris, J Celsa" sort="Se Aris, J Celsa" uniqKey="Se Aris J" first="J. Celsa" last="Se Aris">J. Celsa Se Aris</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Ecología y Genética de Poblaciones, Centro de Ecología, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Apartado 21827, 1020‐A, Caracas, Venezuela</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Venezuela</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratorio de Ecología y Genética de Poblaciones, Centro de Ecología, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Apartado 21827, 1020‐A, Caracas</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: jsenaris@ivic.gob.ve</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Venezuela</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wheeler, Ward C" sort="Wheeler, Ward C" uniqKey="Wheeler W" first="Ward C." last="Wheeler">Ward C. Wheeler</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, NY, 10024‐5192, New York, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, NY, 10024‐5192, New York</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: wheeler@amnh.org</mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="no comma">E-mail: wheeler@amnh.org</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="F B Haddad, Celio" sort="F B Haddad, Celio" uniqKey="F B Haddad C" first="Célio" last="F. B. Haddad">Célio F. B. Haddad</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24A 1515, CEP 13506‐900, Rio ClaroSão Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24A 1515, CEP 13506‐900, Rio ClaroSão Paulo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: haddad1000@gmail.com</mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="no comma">E-mail: haddad1000@gmail.com</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:42A3A58C73D7DE6D2010C4203853FC531A5C3F8F</idno><date when="2013" year="2013">2013</date><idno type="doi">10.1111/zsc.12015</idno><idno type="url">https://api-v5.istex.fr/document/42A3A58C73D7DE6D2010C4203853FC531A5C3F8F/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">002B24</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">002B24</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Curation">002B24</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Systematics of spiny‐backed treefrogs (Hylidae: Osteocephalus): an Amazonian puzzle</title><author><name sortKey="Jungfer, Karl Einz" sort="Jungfer, Karl Einz" uniqKey="Jungfer K" first="Karl-Heinz" last="Jungfer">Karl-Heinz Jungfer</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>División Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’‐CONICET, Angel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Buenos Aires, Argentina</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Argentine</country><wicri:regionArea>División Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’‐CONICET, Angel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Buenos Aires</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: khjungfer@aol.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Faivovich, Julian" sort="Faivovich, Julian" uniqKey="Faivovich J" first="Julián" last="Faivovich">Julián Faivovich</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>División Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’‐CONICET, Angel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Buenos Aires, Argentina</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Argentine</country><wicri:regionArea>División Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’‐CONICET, Angel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Buenos Aires</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biologia Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Argentine</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biologia Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: julian@macn.gov.ar</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Argentine</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Padial, Jose M" sort="Padial, Jose M" uniqKey="Padial J" first="José M." last="Padial">José M. Padial</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Section of Amphibians and Reptiles, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 4400 Forbes Avenue, PA, 15213‐4080, Pittsburgh, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Section of Amphibians and Reptiles, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 4400 Forbes Avenue, PA, 15213‐4080, Pittsburgh</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: padialj@carnegiemnh.org</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Castroviejo Isher, Santiago" sort="Castroviejo Isher, Santiago" uniqKey="Castroviejo Isher S" first="Santiago" last="Castroviejo-Fisher">Santiago Castroviejo-Fisher</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Herpetology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, 10024‐5192, New York, NY, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Herpetology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, 10024‐5192, New York, NY</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Sistemática de Vertebrados, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Porto Alegre, Brazil</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratorio de Sistemática de Vertebrados, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Porto Alegre</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: castroviejo.fisher@gmail.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lyra, Mariana M" sort="Lyra, Mariana M" uniqKey="Lyra M" first="Mariana M." last="Lyra">Mariana M. Lyra</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24A 1515, CEP 13506‐900, Rio ClaroSão Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24A 1515, CEP 13506‐900, Rio ClaroSão Paulo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: marillyra@gmail.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="V M Berneck, Bianca" sort="V M Berneck, Bianca" uniqKey="V M Berneck B" first="Bianca" last="V. M. Berneck">Bianca V. M. Berneck</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24A 1515, CEP 13506‐900, Rio ClaroSão Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24A 1515, CEP 13506‐900, Rio ClaroSão Paulo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: bvmberneck@gmail.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Iglesias, Patricia P" sort="Iglesias, Patricia P" uniqKey="Iglesias P" first="Patricia P." last="Iglesias">Patricia P. Iglesias</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires, IEGEBA‐CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria Pab. II, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Argentine</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires, IEGEBA‐CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria Pab. II, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: patricia.p.iglesias@gmail.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kok, Philippe J R" sort="Kok, Philippe J R" uniqKey="Kok P" first="Philippe J. R." last="Kok">Philippe J. R. Kok</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Amphibian Evolution Lab, Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B‐1050, Brussels, Belgium</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Amphibian Evolution Lab, Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B‐1050, Brussels</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Vertebrates, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, rue Vautier 29, B‐1000, Brussels, Belgium</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Vertebrates, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, rue Vautier 29, B‐1000, Brussels</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: Philippe.Kok@naturalsciences.be</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Belgique</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Macculloch, Ross D" sort="Macculloch, Ross D" uniqKey="Macculloch R" first="Ross D." last="Macculloch">Ross D. Macculloch</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queens Park, ON, M5S 2C6, Toronto, Canada</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queens Park, ON, M5S 2C6, Toronto</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: rossm@rom.on.ca</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Canada</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rodrigues, Miguel T" sort="Rodrigues, Miguel T" uniqKey="Rodrigues M" first="Miguel T." last="Rodrigues">Miguel T. Rodrigues</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 11461, CEP 05508‐090, São Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 11461, CEP 05508‐090, São Paulo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: mturodri@usp.br</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Brésil</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Verdade, Vanessa K" sort="Verdade, Vanessa K" uniqKey="Verdade V" first="Vanessa K." last="Verdade">Vanessa K. Verdade</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Av. dos Estados, São Paulo, 5001CEP 09210‐971, Santo André, Brazil</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Av. dos Estados, São Paulo, 5001CEP 09210‐971, Santo André</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: vverdade@gmail.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Torres Gastello, Claudia P" sort="Torres Gastello, Claudia P" uniqKey="Torres Gastello C" first="Claudia P." last="Torres Gastello">Claudia P. Torres Gastello</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Arenales 1256, Apto. 14‐0434, Lima 14, Peru</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pérou</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Av. Arenales 1256, Apto. 14‐0434, Lima 14</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: claprist@yahoo.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chaparro, Juan Carlos" sort="Chaparro, Juan Carlos" uniqKey="Chaparro J" first="Juan Carlos" last="Chaparro">Juan Carlos Chaparro</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco, Peru</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pérou</country><wicri:regionArea>Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Cusco</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: jchaparroauza@yahoo.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Valdujo, Paula H" sort="Valdujo, Paula H" uniqKey="Valdujo P" first="Paula H." last="Valdujo">Paula H. Valdujo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, travessa 14, SP, 05508‐900, São Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, travessa 14, SP, 05508‐900, São Paulo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: paula.valdujo@gmail.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Reichle, Steffen" sort="Reichle, Steffen" uniqKey="Reichle S" first="Steffen" last="Reichle">Steffen Reichle</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Fundación para la Conservación del Bosque Chiquitano, Av. Ejército Nacional No 160, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: sreichle@cotas.net</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Niger</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moravec, Ji" sort="Moravec, Ji" uniqKey="Moravec J" first="Ji" last="Moravec">Ji Moravec</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, National Museum, Prague 9, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Zoology, National Museum, Prague 9</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: jiri.moravec@nm.cz</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">République tchèque</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gvozdik, Vaclav" sort="Gvozdik, Vaclav" uniqKey="Gvozdik V" first="Václav" last="Gvoždík">Václav Gvoždík</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology, National Museum, Prague 9, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République tchèque</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Zoology, National Museum, Prague 9</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: vgvozdik@email.cz</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">République tchèque</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gagliardi Rrutia, Giussepe" sort="Gagliardi Rrutia, Giussepe" uniqKey="Gagliardi Rrutia G" first="Giussepe" last="Gagliardi-Urrutia">Giussepe Gagliardi-Urrutia</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Programa de Investigación en Biodiversidad Amazónica del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana, Av. Quiñonez Km 2.5, Iquitos, Perú</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Pérou</country><wicri:regionArea>Programa de Investigación en Biodiversidad Amazónica del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana, Av. Quiñonez Km 2.5, Iquitos</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: giussepegagliardi@yahoo.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ernst, Raffael" sort="Ernst, Raffael" uniqKey="Ernst R" first="Raffael" last="Ernst">Raffael Ernst</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Museum für Tierkunde, Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden, Königsbrücker Landstr. 159, D‐01109, Dresden, Germany</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Museum für Tierkunde, Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden, Königsbrücker Landstr. 159, D‐01109, Dresden</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: raffael.ernst@senckenberg.de</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Allemagne</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De La Riva, Ignacio" sort="De La Riva, Ignacio" uniqKey="De La Riva I" first="Ignacio" last="De La Riva">Ignacio De La Riva</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales‐CSIC, C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales‐CSIC, C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: iriva@mncn.csic.es</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Espagne</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Means, Donald Bruce" sort="Means, Donald Bruce" uniqKey="Means D" first="Donald Bruce" last="Means">Donald Bruce Means</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Coastal Plains Institute and Land Conservancy, 1313 Milton Street, FL, 32303, Tallahassee, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Coastal Plains Institute and Land Conservancy, 1313 Milton Street, FL, 32303, Tallahassee</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: means@bio.fsu.edu</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">États-Unis</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lima, Albertina P" sort="Lima, Albertina P" uniqKey="Lima A" first="Albertina P." last="Lima">Albertina P. Lima</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Caixa Postal 478, CEP 69011‐970, ManausAmazonas, Brazil</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Caixa Postal 478, CEP 69011‐970, ManausAmazonas</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: lima@inpa.gov.br</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Brésil</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Se Aris, J Celsa" sort="Se Aris, J Celsa" uniqKey="Se Aris J" first="J. Celsa" last="Se Aris">J. Celsa Se Aris</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Ecología y Genética de Poblaciones, Centro de Ecología, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Apartado 21827, 1020‐A, Caracas, Venezuela</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Venezuela</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratorio de Ecología y Genética de Poblaciones, Centro de Ecología, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Apartado 21827, 1020‐A, Caracas</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>E-mail: jsenaris@ivic.gob.ve</mods:affiliation><country wicri:rule="url">Venezuela</country></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wheeler, Ward C" sort="Wheeler, Ward C" uniqKey="Wheeler W" first="Ward C." last="Wheeler">Ward C. Wheeler</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, NY, 10024‐5192, New York, USA</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, NY, 10024‐5192, New York</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: wheeler@amnh.org</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="F B Haddad, Celio" sort="F B Haddad, Celio" uniqKey="F B Haddad C" first="Célio" last="F. B. Haddad">Célio F. B. Haddad</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24A 1515, CEP 13506‐900, Rio ClaroSão Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Brésil</country><wicri:regionArea>Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Av. 24A 1515, CEP 13506‐900, Rio ClaroSão Paulo</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: haddad1000@gmail.com</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Zoologica Scripta</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Zool Scr</title><idno type="ISSN">0300-3256</idno><idno type="eISSN">1463-6409</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2013-07">2013-07</date><biblScope unit="volume">42</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="351">351</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="380">380</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0300-3256</idno></series><idno type="istex">42A3A58C73D7DE6D2010C4203853FC531A5C3F8F</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1111/zsc.12015</idno><idno type="ArticleID">ZSC12015</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0300-3256</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Spiny‐backed tree frogs of the genus Osteocephalus are conspicuous components of the tropical wet forests of the Amazon and the Guiana Shield. Here, we revise the phylogenetic relationships of Osteocephalus and its sister group Tepuihyla, using up to 6134 bp of DNA sequences of nine mitochondrial and one nuclear gene for 338 specimens from eight countries and 218 localities, representing 89% of the 28 currently recognized nominal species. Our phylogenetic analyses reveal (i) the paraphyly of Osteocephalus with respect to Tepuihyla, (ii) the placement of ‘Hyla’ warreni as sister to Tepuihyla, (iii) the non‐monophyly of several currently recognized species within Osteocephalus and (iv) the presence of low (<1%) and overlapping genetic distances among phenotypically well‐characterized nominal species (e.g. O. taurinus and O. oophagus) for the 16S gene fragment used in amphibian DNA barcoding. We propose a new taxonomy, securing the monophyly of Osteocephalus and Tepuihyla by rearranging and redefining the content of both genera and also erect a new genus for the sister group of Osteocephalus. The colouration of newly metamorphosed individuals is proposed as a morphological synapomorphy for Osteocephalus. We recognize and define five monophyletic species groups within Osteocephalus, synonymize three species of Osteocephalus (O. germani, O. phasmatus and O. vilmae) and three species of Tepuihyla (T. celsae, T. galani and T. talbergae) and reallocate three species (Hyla helenae to Osteocephalus, O. exophthalmus to Tepuihyla and O. pearsoni to Dryaderces gen. n.). Furthermore, we flag nine putative new species (an increase to 138% of the current diversity). We conclude that species numbers are largely underestimated, with most hidden diversity centred on widespread and polymorphic nominal species. The evolutionary origin of breeding strategies within Osteocephalus is discussed in the light of this new phylogenetic hypothesis, and a novel type of amplexus (gular amplexus) is described.</div></front></TEI></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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