Availability of residual 15N in a coniferous forest soil: a greenhouse bioassay and comparison with chemical extractions
Identifieur interne : 001D49 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001D48; suivant : 001D50Availability of residual 15N in a coniferous forest soil: a greenhouse bioassay and comparison with chemical extractions
Auteurs : Scott X. Chang ; Caroline M. Preston ; Gordon F. WeetmanSource :
- Forest Ecology and Management [ 0378-1127 ] ; 1999.
Abstract
The assessment of soil N availability by chemical extraction methods often needs to be checked by methods which directly measure plant N uptake such as a greenhouse bioassay. In this paper, the recovery of residual 15N, from humus material samples with 15N labelled for 24-h, seven-month, and 31-month, in western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don) and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) seedlings was investigated in a 342-day greenhouse incubation study and was compared to chemical extraction studies on the same samples. Apparently higher N availability in the 24-h treatment resulted in greater shoot mass in that treatment than in the other two treatments. However, root and whole plant mass were not significantly different among treatments and there were no differences between the species in any of the above measurements. Plants in the 24-h treatment also proportionally took up more residual 15N from the humus material than those in the other two treatments and thus significantly greater availability ratios were obtained in the former than in the latter two treatments. At the end of the 342-day incubation, a significant amount of 15N had been immobilised by the soil in the 24-h treatment compared to net 15N mineralisation in the other two treatments. The high soil mineral N and 15N contents in the 24-h treatment at the end of the 342-day incubation compared to the low soil mineral N and 15N contents in the seven-month treatment at the beginning of greenhouse incubation means immobilisation of fertiliser N in the greenhouse incubation was dramatically reduced compared to field situations. Nitrification was negligible before day 182 but was detected at the end of the incubation. Correlation analysis showed that 15N released during a two-week anaerobic incubation or in a 42-day aerobic incubation, 15N extracted by 0.01M KMnO4 or 2M KCl, 15N released by autoclaving or fumigation (-extraction), and even 15N abundance in the fulvic acid fraction of the organic matter all seemed good indicators of soil residual N availability.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00464-2
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title>Availability of residual 15N in a coniferous forest soil: a greenhouse bioassay and comparison with chemical extractions</title><author><name sortKey="Chang, Scott X" sort="Chang, Scott X" uniqKey="Chang S" first="Scott X" last="Chang">Scott X. Chang</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Soil, Plant and Ecological Sciences Division, Field Service Centre, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Preston, Caroline M" sort="Preston, Caroline M" uniqKey="Preston C" first="Caroline M" last="Preston">Caroline M. Preston</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Pacific Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, B.C. V8Z 1M5, Canada</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weetman, Gordon F" sort="Weetman, Gordon F" uniqKey="Weetman G" first="Gordon F" last="Weetman">Gordon F. 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Chang</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Soil, Plant and Ecological Sciences Division, Field Service Centre, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Preston, Caroline M" sort="Preston, Caroline M" uniqKey="Preston C" first="Caroline M" last="Preston">Caroline M. Preston</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Pacific Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, B.C. V8Z 1M5, Canada</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weetman, Gordon F" sort="Weetman, Gordon F" uniqKey="Weetman G" first="Gordon F" last="Weetman">Gordon F. Weetman</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Forest Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. 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In this paper, the recovery of residual 15N, from humus material samples with 15N labelled for 24-h, seven-month, and 31-month, in western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don) and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) seedlings was investigated in a 342-day greenhouse incubation study and was compared to chemical extraction studies on the same samples. Apparently higher N availability in the 24-h treatment resulted in greater shoot mass in that treatment than in the other two treatments. However, root and whole plant mass were not significantly different among treatments and there were no differences between the species in any of the above measurements. Plants in the 24-h treatment also proportionally took up more residual 15N from the humus material than those in the other two treatments and thus significantly greater availability ratios were obtained in the former than in the latter two treatments. At the end of the 342-day incubation, a significant amount of 15N had been immobilised by the soil in the 24-h treatment compared to net 15N mineralisation in the other two treatments. The high soil mineral N and 15N contents in the 24-h treatment at the end of the 342-day incubation compared to the low soil mineral N and 15N contents in the seven-month treatment at the beginning of greenhouse incubation means immobilisation of fertiliser N in the greenhouse incubation was dramatically reduced compared to field situations. Nitrification was negligible before day 182 but was detected at the end of the incubation. Correlation analysis showed that 15N released during a two-week anaerobic incubation or in a 42-day aerobic incubation, 15N extracted by 0.01M KMnO4 or 2M KCl, 15N released by autoclaving or fumigation (-extraction), and even 15N abundance in the fulvic acid fraction of the organic matter all seemed good indicators of soil residual N availability.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Scott X Chang</name><affiliations><json:string>Soil, Plant and Ecological Sciences Division, Field Service Centre, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Caroline M Preston</name><affiliations><json:string>Pacific Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, B.C. V8Z 1M5, Canada</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Gordon F Weetman</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Forest Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4, Canada</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>The assessment of soil N availability by chemical extraction methods often needs to be checked by methods which directly measure plant N uptake such as a greenhouse bioassay. In this paper, the recovery of residual 15N, from humus material samples with 15N labelled for 24-h, seven-month, and 31-month, in western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don) and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) seedlings was investigated in a 342-day greenhouse incubation study and was compared to chemical extraction studies on the same samples. Apparently higher N availability in the 24-h treatment resulted in greater shoot mass in that treatment than in the other two treatments. However, root and whole plant mass were not significantly different among treatments and there were no differences between the species in any of the above measurements. Plants in the 24-h treatment also proportionally took up more residual 15N from the humus material than those in the other two treatments and thus significantly greater availability ratios were obtained in the former than in the latter two treatments. At the end of the 342-day incubation, a significant amount of 15N had been immobilised by the soil in the 24-h treatment compared to net 15N mineralisation in the other two treatments. The high soil mineral N and 15N contents in the 24-h treatment at the end of the 342-day incubation compared to the low soil mineral N and 15N contents in the seven-month treatment at the beginning of greenhouse incubation means immobilisation of fertiliser N in the greenhouse incubation was dramatically reduced compared to field situations. Nitrification was negligible before day 182 but was detected at the end of the incubation. Correlation analysis showed that 15N released during a two-week anaerobic incubation or in a 42-day aerobic incubation, 15N extracted by 0.01M KMnO4 or 2M KCl, 15N released by autoclaving or fumigation (-extraction), and even 15N abundance in the fulvic acid fraction of the organic matter all seemed good indicators of soil residual N availability.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfWordCount>5100</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>30125</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>11</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>522 x 745 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>328</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>2073</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>0</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Availability of residual 15N in a coniferous forest soil: a greenhouse bioassay and comparison with chemical extractions</title><pii><json:string>S0378-1127(98)00464-2</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><title>Forest Ecology and Management</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><publicationDate>1999</publicationDate><issn><json:string>0378-1127</json:string></issn><pii><json:string>S0378-1127(00)X0072-2</json:string></pii><volume>117</volume><issue>1–3</issue><pages><first>199</first><last>209</last></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>forestry</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>applied sciences</json:string><json:string>agriculture, fisheries & forestry</json:string><json:string>forestry</json:string></scienceMetrix><inist><json:string>sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string><json:string>sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string><json:string>sciences biologiques fondamentales et appliquees. psychologie</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>1999</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1999</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00464-2</json:string></doi><id>4D88AB89A9B18971E68BC4B0F2CF037AD80B1AB6</id><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api-v5.istex.fr/document/4D88AB89A9B18971E68BC4B0F2CF037AD80B1AB6/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api-v5.istex.fr/document/4D88AB89A9B18971E68BC4B0F2CF037AD80B1AB6/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api-v5.istex.fr/document/4D88AB89A9B18971E68BC4B0F2CF037AD80B1AB6/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a">Availability of residual 15N in a coniferous forest soil: a greenhouse bioassay and comparison with chemical extractions</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©1999 Elsevier Science B.V.</p></availability><date>1999</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Fig. 1: Changes of NH+4–N (μg/g) and 15N abundance (%) in the NH+4–N pool in the no-plant pots during the greenhouse incubation. *: The same lowercase letters across the treatments on each sampling date means that there was no treatment effect. The lowercase letters were used here to indicate significant treatment by sampling date interaction for the variable concerned.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: NH+4–N and NO−3–N pool sizes (μg/g) and their 15N abundance (%) in the planted and control (no-plant) pots at the end of the greenhouse incubation. *: The same uppercase letters indicate that there was no overall treatment effect. The uppercase letters were used here to indicate that there was no significant treatment by species interaction. The same upper case letters in parenthesis indicate that there was no significant difference among the species (and the control) studied.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Shoot, root and total plant mass (g/plant) and root/shoot ratios for western redcedar and western hemlock. *: See notes for Fig. 2.</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Nitrogen content in shoot, root and whole plant (mg/plant) in western redcedar and western hemlock. *: See notes for Fig. 2.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: Nitrogen-15 abundance (%) in shoot, root and whole plant in western redcedar and western hemlock. *: See notes for Fig. 2.</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: Availability ratio of residual 15N in the two species studied. *: See notes for Fig. 2.</note><note type="content">Fig. 7: Total N and 15N in excess of natural abundance (15Nex) mineralised during the pot experiment. *: See notes for Fig. 2.</note><note type="content">Fig. 8: Residual 15N recovery rate (%). *: See notes for Fig. 2.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Simple correlations between N availability indices and plant N uptake. Pearson correlation coefficient (r) with significance levels</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a">Availability of residual 15N in a coniferous forest soil: a greenhouse bioassay and comparison with chemical extractions</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">Scott X</forename><surname>Chang</surname></persName><note type="correspondence"><p>Corresponding author. Current Address: North Carolina State University, Hardwood Research Cooperative, Box 8008, 3118 Jordan Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695-8008. Tel.: (919) 515-3674; fax: (919) 515-6193; e-mail: changs@cfr.cfr.ncsu.edu</p></note><affiliation>Soil, Plant and Ecological Sciences Division, Field Service Centre, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Caroline M</forename><surname>Preston</surname></persName><affiliation>Pacific Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, B.C. V8Z 1M5, Canada</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">Gordon F</forename><surname>Weetman</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Forest Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4, Canada</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">4D88AB89A9B18971E68BC4B0F2CF037AD80B1AB6</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00464-2</idno><idno type="PII">S0378-1127(98)00464-2</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Forest Ecology and Management</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">FORECO</title><idno type="pISSN">0378-1127</idno><idno type="PII">S0378-1127(00)X0072-2</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1999"></date><biblScope unit="volume">117</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1–3</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="199">199</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="209">209</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1999</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The assessment of soil N availability by chemical extraction methods often needs to be checked by methods which directly measure plant N uptake such as a greenhouse bioassay. In this paper, the recovery of residual 15N, from humus material samples with 15N labelled for 24-h, seven-month, and 31-month, in western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don) and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) seedlings was investigated in a 342-day greenhouse incubation study and was compared to chemical extraction studies on the same samples. Apparently higher N availability in the 24-h treatment resulted in greater shoot mass in that treatment than in the other two treatments. However, root and whole plant mass were not significantly different among treatments and there were no differences between the species in any of the above measurements. Plants in the 24-h treatment also proportionally took up more residual 15N from the humus material than those in the other two treatments and thus significantly greater availability ratios were obtained in the former than in the latter two treatments. At the end of the 342-day incubation, a significant amount of 15N had been immobilised by the soil in the 24-h treatment compared to net 15N mineralisation in the other two treatments. The high soil mineral N and 15N contents in the 24-h treatment at the end of the 342-day incubation compared to the low soil mineral N and 15N contents in the seven-month treatment at the beginning of greenhouse incubation means immobilisation of fertiliser N in the greenhouse incubation was dramatically reduced compared to field situations. Nitrification was negligible before day 182 but was detected at the end of the incubation. Correlation analysis showed that 15N released during a two-week anaerobic incubation or in a 42-day aerobic incubation, 15N extracted by 0.01M KMnO4 or 2M KCl, 15N released by autoclaving or fumigation (-extraction), and even 15N abundance in the fulvic acid fraction of the organic matter all seemed good indicators of soil residual N availability.</p></abstract></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1999">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api-v5.istex.fr/document/4D88AB89A9B18971E68BC4B0F2CF037AD80B1AB6/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr2"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr3" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr3"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr4" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr4"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr5" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr5"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr6" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr6"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr7" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr7"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr8" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr8"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>FORECO</jid><aid>4591</aid><ce:pii>S0378-1127(98)00464-2</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00464-2</ce:doi><ce:copyright year="1999" type="full-transfer">Elsevier Science B.V.</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Availability of residual <ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N in a coniferous forest soil: a greenhouse bioassay and comparison with chemical extractions</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>Scott X</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Chang</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1">a</ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="CORR1">*</ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Caroline M</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Preston</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2">b</ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Gordon F</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Weetman</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF3">c</ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn><ce:hsp sp="0.25"></ce:hsp>Soil, Plant and Ecological Sciences Division, Field Service Centre, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn><ce:hsp sp="0.25"></ce:hsp>Pacific Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, B.C. V8Z 1M5, Canada</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF3"><ce:label>c</ce:label><ce:textfn><ce:hsp sp="0.25"></ce:hsp>Department of Forest Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4, Canada</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="CORR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author. Current Address: North Carolina State University, Hardwood Research Cooperative, Box 8008, 3118 Jordan Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695-8008. Tel.: (919) 515-3674; fax: (919) 515-6193; e-mail: changs@cfr.cfr.ncsu.edu</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="11" month="5" year="1998"></ce:date-received><ce:date-accepted day="24" month="8" year="1998"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>The assessment of soil N availability by chemical extraction methods often needs to be checked by methods which directly measure plant N uptake such as a greenhouse bioassay. In this paper, the recovery of residual <ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N, from humus material samples with <ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N labelled for 24-h, seven-month, and 31-month, in western redcedar (<ce:italic>Thuja plicata</ce:italic> Donn ex D. Don) and western hemlock (<ce:italic>Tsuga heterophylla</ce:italic> (Raf.) Sarg.) seedlings was investigated in a 342-day greenhouse incubation study and was compared to chemical extraction studies on the same samples. Apparently higher N availability in the 24-h treatment resulted in greater shoot mass in that treatment than in the other two treatments. However, root and whole plant mass were not significantly different among treatments and there were no differences between the species in any of the above measurements. Plants in the 24-h treatment also proportionally took up more residual <ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N from the humus material than those in the other two treatments and thus significantly greater availability ratios were obtained in the former than in the latter two treatments. At the end of the 342-day incubation, a significant amount of <ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N had been immobilised by the soil in the 24-h treatment compared to net <ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N mineralisation in the other two treatments. The high soil mineral N and <ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N contents in the 24-h treatment at the end of the 342-day incubation compared to the low soil mineral N and <ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N contents in the seven-month treatment at the beginning of greenhouse incubation means immobilisation of fertiliser N in the greenhouse incubation was dramatically reduced compared to field situations. Nitrification was negligible before day 182 but was detected at the end of the incubation. Correlation analysis showed that <ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N released during a two-week anaerobic incubation or in a 42-day aerobic incubation, <ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N extracted by 0.01<ce:hsp sp="0.25"></ce:hsp>M KMnO<ce:inf>4</ce:inf> or 2<ce:hsp sp="0.25"></ce:hsp>M KCl, <ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N released by autoclaving or fumigation (-extraction), and even <ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N abundance in the fulvic acid fraction of the organic matter all seemed good indicators of soil residual N availability.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>Availability of residual 15N in a coniferous forest soil: a greenhouse bioassay and comparison with chemical extractions</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Availability of residual</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Scott X</namePart><namePart type="family">Chang</namePart><affiliation>Soil, Plant and Ecological Sciences Division, Field Service Centre, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand</affiliation><description>Corresponding author. Current Address: North Carolina State University, Hardwood Research Cooperative, Box 8008, 3118 Jordan Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695-8008. Tel.: (919) 515-3674; fax: (919) 515-6193; e-mail: changs@cfr.cfr.ncsu.edu</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Caroline M</namePart><namePart type="family">Preston</namePart><affiliation>Pacific Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, 506 West Burnside Road, Victoria, B.C. V8Z 1M5, Canada</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Gordon F</namePart><namePart type="family">Weetman</namePart><affiliation>Department of Forest Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1Z4, Canada</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1999</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1999</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">The assessment of soil N availability by chemical extraction methods often needs to be checked by methods which directly measure plant N uptake such as a greenhouse bioassay. In this paper, the recovery of residual 15N, from humus material samples with 15N labelled for 24-h, seven-month, and 31-month, in western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don) and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) seedlings was investigated in a 342-day greenhouse incubation study and was compared to chemical extraction studies on the same samples. Apparently higher N availability in the 24-h treatment resulted in greater shoot mass in that treatment than in the other two treatments. However, root and whole plant mass were not significantly different among treatments and there were no differences between the species in any of the above measurements. Plants in the 24-h treatment also proportionally took up more residual 15N from the humus material than those in the other two treatments and thus significantly greater availability ratios were obtained in the former than in the latter two treatments. At the end of the 342-day incubation, a significant amount of 15N had been immobilised by the soil in the 24-h treatment compared to net 15N mineralisation in the other two treatments. The high soil mineral N and 15N contents in the 24-h treatment at the end of the 342-day incubation compared to the low soil mineral N and 15N contents in the seven-month treatment at the beginning of greenhouse incubation means immobilisation of fertiliser N in the greenhouse incubation was dramatically reduced compared to field situations. Nitrification was negligible before day 182 but was detected at the end of the incubation. Correlation analysis showed that 15N released during a two-week anaerobic incubation or in a 42-day aerobic incubation, 15N extracted by 0.01M KMnO4 or 2M KCl, 15N released by autoclaving or fumigation (-extraction), and even 15N abundance in the fulvic acid fraction of the organic matter all seemed good indicators of soil residual N availability.</abstract><note type="content">Fig. 1: Changes of NH+4–N (μg/g) and 15N abundance (%) in the NH+4–N pool in the no-plant pots during the greenhouse incubation. *: The same lowercase letters across the treatments on each sampling date means that there was no treatment effect. The lowercase letters were used here to indicate significant treatment by sampling date interaction for the variable concerned.</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: NH+4–N and NO−3–N pool sizes (μg/g) and their 15N abundance (%) in the planted and control (no-plant) pots at the end of the greenhouse incubation. *: The same uppercase letters indicate that there was no overall treatment effect. The uppercase letters were used here to indicate that there was no significant treatment by species interaction. The same upper case letters in parenthesis indicate that there was no significant difference among the species (and the control) studied.</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Shoot, root and total plant mass (g/plant) and root/shoot ratios for western redcedar and western hemlock. *: See notes for Fig. 2.</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: Nitrogen content in shoot, root and whole plant (mg/plant) in western redcedar and western hemlock. *: See notes for Fig. 2.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: Nitrogen-15 abundance (%) in shoot, root and whole plant in western redcedar and western hemlock. *: See notes for Fig. 2.</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: Availability ratio of residual 15N in the two species studied. *: See notes for Fig. 2.</note><note type="content">Fig. 7: Total N and 15N in excess of natural abundance (15Nex) mineralised during the pot experiment. *: See notes for Fig. 2.</note><note type="content">Fig. 8: Residual 15N recovery rate (%). *: See notes for Fig. 2.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Simple correlations between N availability indices and plant N uptake. Pearson correlation coefficient (r) with significance levels</note><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Forest Ecology and Management</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>FORECO</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">19990517</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0378-1127</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0378-1127(00)X0072-2</identifier><part><date>19990517</date><detail type="volume"><number>117</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>1–3</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>1</start><end>258</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>199</start><end>209</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">4D88AB89A9B18971E68BC4B0F2CF037AD80B1AB6</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00464-2</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0378-1127(98)00464-2</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©1999 Elsevier Science B.V.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Elsevier Science B.V., ©1999</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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