Nitrogen and Phosphorus Release from Decomposing Leaves under Sub‐Humid Tropical Conditions
Identifieur interne : 001256 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001255; suivant : 001257Nitrogen and Phosphorus Release from Decomposing Leaves under Sub‐Humid Tropical Conditions
Auteurs : A. B. Kwabiah ; N. C. Stoskopf ; R. P. Voroney ; C. A. PalmSource :
- Biotropica [ 0006-3606 ] ; 2001-06.
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Abstract
For many soils of the tropics, inputs of organic materials are essential to sustain soil fertility and crop production. Research in the quality of organic inputs, a key factor controlling rates of decomposition and nutrient release, continues to guide selection and use of organic materials as nutrient sources. The relationship between decomposition patterns and the quality parameters of the fresh leaves of six agroforestry species: Sesbania sesban, Croton megalocarpus, Calliandra calothyrsus, Tithonia diversifolia, Lantana camara, and Senna spectabilis, was investigated in a litterbag study over a period of 77 days in the highlands of western Kenya. The litterbags were buried 1 cm below the soil surface and covered with soil of ca 1 cm thickness. Percent leaf mass and total N and P that remained with time strongly correlated with total P and C/P ratio (R2= 0.60‐0.90) during the first 35 days of study; but afterwards, correlation was stronger with the initial soluble polyphenolics (Pp)/P ratio (R2= 0.69‐0.92) than with total P and C/P ratio. Loss of leaf mass and release of N and P followed the exponential function, yt= y0* e‐kt, from which the specific decay rate constants (k) were calculated for loss of leaf mass (kB) and release of N (kN) and P (Kp). Among the plant species, the k values were lowest in Calliandra with kB= 0.012/d, kN= 0.017/d and kp= 0.044/d. Lantana had the highest K values with kg= 0.067/d and kp= 0.119/d, but the highest kN value of 0.109/d occurred in Tithonia. The kB values for all organic materials were lower than their corresponding kN and kp values, suggesting that leaching of N and P from litters may have augmented the microbial mineralization of N and P. There was a strong correlation between the kB, kN, and kp values and total P (r = 0.82‐0.96; P 0.01), but not total N, lignin (LIG), or Pp. Rates of N and P release followed the general trend: Tithonia > Senna > Lantana > Sesbania > Croton > Calliandra. The results indicated that, among the quality parameters studied, total P is the most important factor controlling rate of decomposition and N and P release from organic inputs in the area of study.
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2001.tb00174.x
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Research in the quality of organic inputs, a key factor controlling rates of decomposition and nutrient release, continues to guide selection and use of organic materials as nutrient sources. The relationship between decomposition patterns and the quality parameters of the fresh leaves of six agroforestry species: Sesbania sesban, Croton megalocarpus, Calliandra calothyrsus, Tithonia diversifolia, Lantana camara, and Senna spectabilis, was investigated in a litterbag study over a period of 77 days in the highlands of western Kenya. The litterbags were buried 1 cm below the soil surface and covered with soil of ca 1 cm thickness. Percent leaf mass and total N and P that remained with time strongly correlated with total P and C/P ratio (R2= 0.60‐0.90) during the first 35 days of study; but afterwards, correlation was stronger with the initial soluble polyphenolics (Pp)/P ratio (R2= 0.69‐0.92) than with total P and C/P ratio. Loss of leaf mass and release of N and P followed the exponential function, yt= y0* e‐kt, from which the specific decay rate constants (k) were calculated for loss of leaf mass (kB) and release of N (kN) and P (Kp). Among the plant species, the k values were lowest in Calliandra with kB= 0.012/d, kN= 0.017/d and kp= 0.044/d. Lantana had the highest K values with kg= 0.067/d and kp= 0.119/d, but the highest kN value of 0.109/d occurred in Tithonia. The kB values for all organic materials were lower than their corresponding kN and kp values, suggesting that leaching of N and P from litters may have augmented the microbial mineralization of N and P. There was a strong correlation between the kB, kN, and kp values and total P (r = 0.82‐0.96; P 0.01), but not total N, lignin (LIG), or Pp. Rates of N and P release followed the general trend: Tithonia > Senna > Lantana > Sesbania > Croton > Calliandra. 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Research in the quality of organic inputs, a key factor controlling rates of decomposition and nutrient release, continues to guide selection and use of organic materials as nutrient sources. The relationship between decomposition patterns and the quality parameters of the fresh leaves of six agroforestry species: Sesbania sesban, Croton megalocarpus, Calliandra calothyrsus, Tithonia diversifolia, Lantana camara, and Senna spectabilis, was investigated in a litterbag study over a period of 77 days in the highlands of western Kenya. The litterbags were buried 1 cm below the soil surface and covered with soil of ca 1 cm thickness. Percent leaf mass and total N and P that remained with time strongly correlated with total P and C/P ratio (R2= 0.60‐0.90) during the first 35 days of study; but afterwards, correlation was stronger with the initial soluble polyphenolics (Pp)/P ratio (R2= 0.69‐0.92) than with total P and C/P ratio. Loss of leaf mass and release of N and P followed the exponential function, yt= y0* e‐kt, from which the specific decay rate constants (k) were calculated for loss of leaf mass (kB) and release of N (kN) and P (Kp). Among the plant species, the k values were lowest in Calliandra with kB= 0.012/d, kN= 0.017/d and kp= 0.044/d. Lantana had the highest K values with kg= 0.067/d and kp= 0.119/d, but the highest kN value of 0.109/d occurred in Tithonia. The kB values for all organic materials were lower than their corresponding kN and kp values, suggesting that leaching of N and P from litters may have augmented the microbial mineralization of N and P. There was a strong correlation between the kB, kN, and kp values and total P (r = 0.82‐0.96; P 0.01), but not total N, lignin (LIG), or Pp. Rates of N and P release followed the general trend: Tithonia > Senna > Lantana > Sesbania > Croton > Calliandra. 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B.</forename><surname>Kwabiah</surname></persName><affiliation>Crop Science Division, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-2"><persName><forename type="first">N. C.</forename><surname>Stoskopf</surname></persName><affiliation>Crop Science Division, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-3"><persName><forename type="first">R. P.</forename><surname>Voroney</surname></persName><affiliation>Land Resource Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G2W1</affiliation><affiliation>Corresponding author.</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-4"><persName><forename type="first">C. A.</forename><surname>Palm</surname></persName><affiliation>Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Program, P.O. 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Research in the quality of organic inputs, a key factor controlling rates of decomposition and nutrient release, continues to guide selection and use of organic materials as nutrient sources. The relationship between decomposition patterns and the quality parameters of the fresh leaves of six agroforestry species: Sesbania sesban, Croton megalocarpus, Calliandra calothyrsus, Tithonia diversifolia, Lantana camara, and Senna spectabilis, was investigated in a litterbag study over a period of 77 days in the highlands of western Kenya. The litterbags were buried 1 cm below the soil surface and covered with soil of ca 1 cm thickness. Percent leaf mass and total N and P that remained with time strongly correlated with total P and C/P ratio (R2= 0.60‐0.90) during the first 35 days of study; but afterwards, correlation was stronger with the initial soluble polyphenolics (Pp)/P ratio (R2= 0.69‐0.92) than with total P and C/P ratio. Loss of leaf mass and release of N and P followed the exponential function, yt= y0* e‐kt, from which the specific decay rate constants (k) were calculated for loss of leaf mass (kB) and release of N (kN) and P (Kp). Among the plant species, the k values were lowest in Calliandra with kB= 0.012/d, kN= 0.017/d and kp= 0.044/d. Lantana had the highest K values with kg= 0.067/d and kp= 0.119/d, but the highest kN value of 0.109/d occurred in Tithonia. The kB values for all organic materials were lower than their corresponding kN and kp values, suggesting that leaching of N and P from litters may have augmented the microbial mineralization of N and P. There was a strong correlation between the kB, kN, and kp values and total P (r = 0.82‐0.96; P 0.01), but not total N, lignin (LIG), or Pp. Rates of N and P release followed the general trend: Tithonia > Senna > Lantana > Sesbania > Croton > Calliandra. 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B.</givenNames><familyName>Kwabiah</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr2" affiliationRef="#a1"><personName><givenNames>N. C.</givenNames><familyName>Stoskopf</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr3" affiliationRef="#a2" corresponding="yes"><personName><givenNames>R. P.</givenNames><familyName>Voroney</familyName></personName></creator><creator creatorRole="author" xml:id="cr4" affiliationRef="#a3"><personName><givenNames>C. A.</givenNames><familyName>Palm</familyName></personName></creator></creators><affiliationGroup><affiliation xml:id="a1" countryCode="CA"><unparsedAffiliation>Crop Science Division, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a2" countryCode="CA"><unparsedAffiliation>Land Resource Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G2W1</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation><affiliation xml:id="a3" countryCode="KE"><unparsedAffiliation>Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Program, P.O. Box 30592, Nairobi, Kenya</unparsedAffiliation></affiliation></affiliationGroup><keywordGroup xml:lang="en"><keyword xml:id="k1">Key words: Calliandra calothyrsus</keyword><keyword xml:id="k2">Croton megalocarpus</keyword><keyword xml:id="k3">decomposition rate</keyword><keyword xml:id="k4">Kenya</keyword><keyword xml:id="k5">Lantana camara</keyword><keyword xml:id="k6">nutrient release</keyword><keyword xml:id="k7">residue quality</keyword><keyword xml:id="k8">Senna spectabilis</keyword><keyword xml:id="k9">Sesbania sesban</keyword><keyword xml:id="k10">subhumid tropics</keyword><keyword xml:id="k11">Tithonia diversifolia.</keyword></keywordGroup><abstractGroup><abstract type="main" xml:lang="en"><title type="main">ABSTRACT</title><p>For many soils of the tropics, inputs of organic materials are essential to sustain soil fertility and crop production. Research in the quality of organic inputs, a key factor controlling rates of decomposition and nutrient release, continues to guide selection and use of organic materials as nutrient sources. The relationship between decomposition patterns and the quality parameters of the fresh leaves of six agroforestry species: <i>Sesbania sesban, Croton megalocarpus, Calliandra calothyrsus, Tithonia diversifolia, Lantana camara</i>, and <i>Senna spectabilis</i>, was investigated in a litterbag study over a period of 77 days in the highlands of western Kenya. The litterbags were buried 1 cm below the soil surface and covered with soil of <i>ca</i> 1 cm thickness. Percent leaf mass and total N and P that remained with time strongly correlated with total P and C/P ratio (R<sup>2</sup>= 0.60‐0.90) during the first 35 days of study; but afterwards, correlation was stronger with the initial soluble polyphenolics (Pp)/P ratio (<i>R<sup>2</sup>=</i> 0.69‐0.92) than with total P and C/P ratio. Loss of leaf mass and release of N and P followed the exponential function, y<sub>t</sub>= y<sub>0</sub>* e‐<sup>kt</sup>, from which the specific decay rate constants (<i>k</i>) were calculated for loss of leaf mass (<i>k<sub>B</sub></i>) and release of N (<i>k<sub>N</sub></i>) and P (K<sub>p</sub>). Among the plant species, the <i>k</i> values were lowest in <i>Calliandra</i> with <i>k<sub>B</sub>=</i> 0.012/d, <i>k<sub>N</sub>=</i> 0.017/d and <i>k<sub>p</sub></i>= 0.044/d. <i>Lantana</i> had the highest K values with <i>k<sub>g</sub>=</i> 0.067/d and <i>k<sub>p</sub>=</i> 0.119/d, but the highest <i>k<sub>N</sub></i> value of 0.109/d occurred in <i>Tithonia.</i> The <i>k<sub>B</sub></i> values for all organic materials were lower than their corresponding <i>k<sub>N</sub></i> and <i>k<sub>p</sub></i> values, suggesting that leaching of N and P from litters may have augmented the microbial mineralization of N and P. There was a strong correlation between the <i>k<sub>B</sub>, k<sub>N</sub></i>, and <i>k<sub>p</sub></i> values and total P (r = 0.82‐0.96; <i>P</i> 0.01), but not total N, lignin (LIG), or Pp. Rates of N and P release followed the general trend: <i>Tithonia > Senna > Lantana > Sesbania > Croton > Calliandra.</i> The results indicated that, among the quality parameters studied, total P is the most important factor controlling rate of decomposition and N and P release from organic inputs in the area of study.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note xml:id="fn1"><label>1</label><p>Received 14 July 1998; revision accepted 24 July 2000.</p></note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Nitrogen and Phosphorus Release from Decomposing Leaves under Sub‐Humid Tropical Conditions</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Nitrogen and Phosphorus Release from Decomposing Leaves under Sub‐Humid Tropical Conditions1</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A. B.</namePart><namePart type="family">Kwabiah</namePart><affiliation>Crop Science Division, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">N. C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Stoskopf</namePart><affiliation>Crop Science Division, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">R. P.</namePart><namePart type="family">Voroney</namePart><affiliation>Land Resource Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G2W1</affiliation><affiliation>Corresponding author.</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C. A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Palm</namePart><affiliation>Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Program, P.O. Box 30592, Nairobi, Kenya</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="article" displayLabel="article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><place><placeTerm type="text">Oxford, UK</placeTerm></place><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2001-06</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2001</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType><extent unit="references">69</extent></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">For many soils of the tropics, inputs of organic materials are essential to sustain soil fertility and crop production. Research in the quality of organic inputs, a key factor controlling rates of decomposition and nutrient release, continues to guide selection and use of organic materials as nutrient sources. The relationship between decomposition patterns and the quality parameters of the fresh leaves of six agroforestry species: Sesbania sesban, Croton megalocarpus, Calliandra calothyrsus, Tithonia diversifolia, Lantana camara, and Senna spectabilis, was investigated in a litterbag study over a period of 77 days in the highlands of western Kenya. The litterbags were buried 1 cm below the soil surface and covered with soil of ca 1 cm thickness. Percent leaf mass and total N and P that remained with time strongly correlated with total P and C/P ratio (R2= 0.60‐0.90) during the first 35 days of study; but afterwards, correlation was stronger with the initial soluble polyphenolics (Pp)/P ratio (R2= 0.69‐0.92) than with total P and C/P ratio. Loss of leaf mass and release of N and P followed the exponential function, yt= y0* e‐kt, from which the specific decay rate constants (k) were calculated for loss of leaf mass (kB) and release of N (kN) and P (Kp). Among the plant species, the k values were lowest in Calliandra with kB= 0.012/d, kN= 0.017/d and kp= 0.044/d. Lantana had the highest K values with kg= 0.067/d and kp= 0.119/d, but the highest kN value of 0.109/d occurred in Tithonia. The kB values for all organic materials were lower than their corresponding kN and kp values, suggesting that leaching of N and P from litters may have augmented the microbial mineralization of N and P. There was a strong correlation between the kB, kN, and kp values and total P (r = 0.82‐0.96; P 0.01), but not total N, lignin (LIG), or Pp. Rates of N and P release followed the general trend: Tithonia > Senna > Lantana > Sesbania > Croton > Calliandra. The results indicated that, among the quality parameters studied, total P is the most important factor controlling rate of decomposition and N and P release from organic inputs in the area of study.</abstract><note type="content">*Received 14 July 1998; revision accepted 24 July 2000.</note><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>Key words: Calliandra calothyrsus</topic><topic>Croton megalocarpus</topic><topic>decomposition rate</topic><topic>Kenya</topic><topic>Lantana camara</topic><topic>nutrient release</topic><topic>residue quality</topic><topic>Senna spectabilis</topic><topic>Sesbania sesban</topic><topic>subhumid tropics</topic><topic>Tithonia diversifolia.</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Biotropica</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">0006-3606</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1744-7429</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/(ISSN)1744-7429</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">BTP</identifier><part><date>2001</date><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>33</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>2</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>229</start><end>240</end><total>12</total></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">055A7317C81807F12BC0EEDB6C648228B2C01BEE</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1111/j.1744-7429.2001.tb00174.x</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">BTP229</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>WILEY</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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