Effects of earthworms on nutrient dynamics, carbon turnover and microorganisms in soils from cool temperate forests of the Canadian Rocky Mountains — laboratory studies
Identifieur interne : 000457 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000456; suivant : 000458Effects of earthworms on nutrient dynamics, carbon turnover and microorganisms in soils from cool temperate forests of the Canadian Rocky Mountains — laboratory studies
Auteurs : Stefan Scheu ; Dennis ParkinsonSource :
- Applied Soil Ecology [ 0929-1393 ] ; 1994.
Abstract
Two experiments were set up to study the effect of invasion of forest soils of the Canadian Rocky Mountains by earthworms on nutrient dynamics, carbon turnover and soil microorganisms. In the first experiment material from four soil layers of an aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) forest (L, F, H, Ah) and from F/H layers of a pine (Pinus contorta Loud.) forest was placed separately in laboratory systems. In this experiment the effect of Dendrobaena octaedra (Savigny) on nutrient leaching (N and P) and on carbon mineralization was monitored at regular intervals for 84 days. In addition, microbial biomass (substrate induced respiration (SIR) was determined at the end of the experiment. In the second experiment the effect of two earthworm species (D. octaedra and Octolasion lacteum (Oerley)) on nutrient leaching, carbon turnover, microbial biomass and bacterial/fungal ratio in reconstructed aspen forest floor was determined at destructive samplings after 28, 56 and 84 days of incubation. In addition, the effect of the earthworms on the composition of the fungal community in L/F layer was studied after 56 days of incubation.D. octaedra caused a strong increase in leaching of mineral N and P from organic soil materials but not from aspen Ah. The effect of the earthworms increased during the incubation in most of the layers. In aspen L, Ah and pine F/H D. octaedra caused a significant increase in NH4+/NO3− ratio in leachates; in aspen F and H leaching of mineral nitrogen occurred almost exclusively as NO3− irrespective of earthworms. D. octaedra generally caused a reduction in microbial biomass. In the second experiment the effect of D. octaedra on nutrient leaching was assumed to be masked by internal nutrient immobilization. Microbial biomass in L/F layer was reduced by both earthworm species but enhanced in H and Ah layer which was assumed to be caused by mixing of soil layer materials. Bacterial/fungal ratio was generally increased by both earthworm species in L/F and Ah material but no effect was found in H layer. The dominance structure of the fungal community was modified by the earthworms but the effect was small. Carbon turnover was generally not significantly affected by earthworms in both experiments.
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DOI: 10.1016/0929-1393(94)90031-0
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<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title>Effects of earthworms on nutrient dynamics, carbon turnover and microorganisms in soils from cool temperate forests of the Canadian Rocky Mountains — laboratory studies</title><author><name sortKey="Scheu, Stefan" sort="Scheu, Stefan" uniqKey="Scheu S" first="Stefan" last="Scheu">Stefan Scheu</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Zoologisches Institut, Abteilung Ökologie, Berliner Str. 28, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parkinson, Dennis" sort="Parkinson, Dennis" uniqKey="Parkinson D" first="Dennis" last="Parkinson">Dennis Parkinson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alta. T2N 1N4, Canada</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:A07383A8789C0C57BE7A6E3EBF84AF3CBC00E411</idno><date when="1994" year="1994">1994</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/0929-1393(94)90031-0</idno><idno type="url">https://api-v5.istex.fr/document/A07383A8789C0C57BE7A6E3EBF84AF3CBC00E411/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000457</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000457</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a">Effects of earthworms on nutrient dynamics, carbon turnover and microorganisms in soils from cool temperate forests of the Canadian Rocky Mountains — laboratory studies</title><author><name sortKey="Scheu, Stefan" sort="Scheu, Stefan" uniqKey="Scheu S" first="Stefan" last="Scheu">Stefan Scheu</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Zoologisches Institut, Abteilung Ökologie, Berliner Str. 28, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parkinson, Dennis" sort="Parkinson, Dennis" uniqKey="Parkinson D" first="Dennis" last="Parkinson">Dennis Parkinson</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alta. T2N 1N4, Canada</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Applied Soil Ecology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">APSOIL</title><idno type="ISSN">0929-1393</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1994">1994</date><biblScope unit="volume">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="113">113</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="125">125</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0929-1393</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0929-1393</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Two experiments were set up to study the effect of invasion of forest soils of the Canadian Rocky Mountains by earthworms on nutrient dynamics, carbon turnover and soil microorganisms. In the first experiment material from four soil layers of an aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) forest (L, F, H, Ah) and from F/H layers of a pine (Pinus contorta Loud.) forest was placed separately in laboratory systems. In this experiment the effect of Dendrobaena octaedra (Savigny) on nutrient leaching (N and P) and on carbon mineralization was monitored at regular intervals for 84 days. In addition, microbial biomass (substrate induced respiration (SIR) was determined at the end of the experiment. In the second experiment the effect of two earthworm species (D. octaedra and Octolasion lacteum (Oerley)) on nutrient leaching, carbon turnover, microbial biomass and bacterial/fungal ratio in reconstructed aspen forest floor was determined at destructive samplings after 28, 56 and 84 days of incubation. In addition, the effect of the earthworms on the composition of the fungal community in L/F layer was studied after 56 days of incubation.D. octaedra caused a strong increase in leaching of mineral N and P from organic soil materials but not from aspen Ah. The effect of the earthworms increased during the incubation in most of the layers. In aspen L, Ah and pine F/H D. octaedra caused a significant increase in NH4+/NO3− ratio in leachates; in aspen F and H leaching of mineral nitrogen occurred almost exclusively as NO3− irrespective of earthworms. D. octaedra generally caused a reduction in microbial biomass. In the second experiment the effect of D. octaedra on nutrient leaching was assumed to be masked by internal nutrient immobilization. Microbial biomass in L/F layer was reduced by both earthworm species but enhanced in H and Ah layer which was assumed to be caused by mixing of soil layer materials. Bacterial/fungal ratio was generally increased by both earthworm species in L/F and Ah material but no effect was found in H layer. The dominance structure of the fungal community was modified by the earthworms but the effect was small. Carbon turnover was generally not significantly affected by earthworms in both experiments.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Stefan Scheu</name><affiliations><json:string>Zoologisches Institut, Abteilung Ökologie, Berliner Str. 28, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Dennis Parkinson</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Biology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alta. T2N 1N4, Canada</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Aspen forest</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Bacterial/fungal ratio</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Carbon mineralization</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Dendrobaena octaedra</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Pine forest</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Microbial biomass</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Nutrient cycling</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Two experiments were set up to study the effect of invasion of forest soils of the Canadian Rocky Mountains by earthworms on nutrient dynamics, carbon turnover and soil microorganisms. In the first experiment material from four soil layers of an aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) forest (L, F, H, Ah) and from F/H layers of a pine (Pinus contorta Loud.) forest was placed separately in laboratory systems. In this experiment the effect of Dendrobaena octaedra (Savigny) on nutrient leaching (N and P) and on carbon mineralization was monitored at regular intervals for 84 days. In addition, microbial biomass (substrate induced respiration (SIR) was determined at the end of the experiment. In the second experiment the effect of two earthworm species (D. octaedra and Octolasion lacteum (Oerley)) on nutrient leaching, carbon turnover, microbial biomass and bacterial/fungal ratio in reconstructed aspen forest floor was determined at destructive samplings after 28, 56 and 84 days of incubation. In addition, the effect of the earthworms on the composition of the fungal community in L/F layer was studied after 56 days of incubation.D. octaedra caused a strong increase in leaching of mineral N and P from organic soil materials but not from aspen Ah. The effect of the earthworms increased during the incubation in most of the layers. In aspen L, Ah and pine F/H D. octaedra caused a significant increase in NH4+/NO3− ratio in leachates; in aspen F and H leaching of mineral nitrogen occurred almost exclusively as NO3− irrespective of earthworms. D. octaedra generally caused a reduction in microbial biomass. In the second experiment the effect of D. octaedra on nutrient leaching was assumed to be masked by internal nutrient immobilization. Microbial biomass in L/F layer was reduced by both earthworm species but enhanced in H and Ah layer which was assumed to be caused by mixing of soil layer materials. Bacterial/fungal ratio was generally increased by both earthworm species in L/F and Ah material but no effect was found in H layer. The dominance structure of the fungal community was modified by the earthworms but the effect was small. Carbon turnover was generally not significantly affected by earthworms in both experiments.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfWordCount>5861</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>33885</pdfCharCount><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageCount>13</pdfPageCount><pdfPageSize>540 x 720 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><abstractWordCount>358</abstractWordCount><abstractCharCount>2244</abstractCharCount><keywordCount>7</keywordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Effects of earthworms on nutrient dynamics, carbon turnover and microorganisms in soils from cool temperate forests of the Canadian Rocky Mountains — laboratory studies</title><pii><json:string>0929-1393(94)90031-0</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><serie><title>Research Report 1</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language></serie><host><title>Applied Soil Ecology</title><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><publicationDate>1994</publicationDate><issn><json:string>0929-1393</json:string></issn><pii><json:string>S0929-1393(00)X0058-3</json:string></pii><volume>1</volume><issue>2</issue><pages><first>113</first><last>125</last></pages><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>soil science</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>applied sciences</json:string><json:string>agriculture, fisheries & forestry</json:string><json:string>agronomy & agriculture</json:string></scienceMetrix><inist><json:string>sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string><json:string>sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string><json:string>sciences biologiques fondamentales et appliquees. psychologie</json:string><json:string>agronomie. sciences du sol et productions vegetales</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>1994</publicationDate><copyrightDate>1994</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/0929-1393(94)90031-0</json:string></doi><id>A07383A8789C0C57BE7A6E3EBF84AF3CBC00E411</id><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api-v5.istex.fr/document/A07383A8789C0C57BE7A6E3EBF84AF3CBC00E411/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api-v5.istex.fr/document/A07383A8789C0C57BE7A6E3EBF84AF3CBC00E411/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api-v5.istex.fr/document/A07383A8789C0C57BE7A6E3EBF84AF3CBC00E411/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a">Effects of earthworms on nutrient dynamics, carbon turnover and microorganisms in soils from cool temperate forests of the Canadian Rocky Mountains — laboratory studies</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>ELSEVIER</p></availability><date>1994</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Section title: Viewpoint</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a">Effects of earthworms on nutrient dynamics, carbon turnover and microorganisms in soils from cool temperate forests of the Canadian Rocky Mountains — laboratory studies</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">Stefan</forename><surname>Scheu</surname></persName><note type="correspondence"><p>Corresponding author, Tel. (0049) 551 395550, Fax (0049) 551 395448</p></note><affiliation>Zoologisches Institut, Abteilung Ökologie, Berliner Str. 28, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Dennis</forename><surname>Parkinson</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alta. T2N 1N4, Canada</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">A07383A8789C0C57BE7A6E3EBF84AF3CBC00E411</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/0929-1393(94)90031-0</idno><idno type="PII">0929-1393(94)90031-0</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Applied Soil Ecology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">APSOIL</title><idno type="pISSN">0929-1393</idno><idno type="PII">S0929-1393(00)X0058-3</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1994"></date><biblScope unit="volume">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="113">113</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="125">125</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>1994</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Two experiments were set up to study the effect of invasion of forest soils of the Canadian Rocky Mountains by earthworms on nutrient dynamics, carbon turnover and soil microorganisms. In the first experiment material from four soil layers of an aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) forest (L, F, H, Ah) and from F/H layers of a pine (Pinus contorta Loud.) forest was placed separately in laboratory systems. In this experiment the effect of Dendrobaena octaedra (Savigny) on nutrient leaching (N and P) and on carbon mineralization was monitored at regular intervals for 84 days. In addition, microbial biomass (substrate induced respiration (SIR) was determined at the end of the experiment. In the second experiment the effect of two earthworm species (D. octaedra and Octolasion lacteum (Oerley)) on nutrient leaching, carbon turnover, microbial biomass and bacterial/fungal ratio in reconstructed aspen forest floor was determined at destructive samplings after 28, 56 and 84 days of incubation. In addition, the effect of the earthworms on the composition of the fungal community in L/F layer was studied after 56 days of incubation.D. octaedra caused a strong increase in leaching of mineral N and P from organic soil materials but not from aspen Ah. The effect of the earthworms increased during the incubation in most of the layers. In aspen L, Ah and pine F/H D. octaedra caused a significant increase in NH4+/NO3− ratio in leachates; in aspen F and H leaching of mineral nitrogen occurred almost exclusively as NO3− irrespective of earthworms. D. octaedra generally caused a reduction in microbial biomass. In the second experiment the effect of D. octaedra on nutrient leaching was assumed to be masked by internal nutrient immobilization. Microbial biomass in L/F layer was reduced by both earthworm species but enhanced in H and Ah layer which was assumed to be caused by mixing of soil layer materials. Bacterial/fungal ratio was generally increased by both earthworm species in L/F and Ah material but no effect was found in H layer. The dominance structure of the fungal community was modified by the earthworms but the effect was small. Carbon turnover was generally not significantly affected by earthworms in both experiments.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Aspen forest</term></item><item><term>Bacterial/fungal ratio</term></item><item><term>Carbon mineralization</term></item><item><term>Dendrobaena octaedra</term></item><item><term>Pine forest</term></item><item><term>Microbial biomass</term></item><item><term>Nutrient cycling</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1994">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api-v5.istex.fr/document/A07383A8789C0C57BE7A6E3EBF84AF3CBC00E411/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>APSOIL</jid><aid>94900310</aid><ce:pii>0929-1393(94)90031-0</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/0929-1393(94)90031-0</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="unknown" year="1994"></ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:dochead><ce:textfn>Viewpoint</ce:textfn></ce:dochead><ce:title>Effects of earthworms on nutrient dynamics, carbon turnover and microorganisms in soils from cool temperate forests of the Canadian Rocky Mountains — laboratory studies</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>Stefan</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Scheu</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="COR1"><ce:sup>∗</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF1"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Dennis</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Parkinson</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="AFF2"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="AFF1"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Zoologisches Institut, Abteilung Ökologie, Berliner Str. 28, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="AFF2"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Biology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alta. T2N 1N4, Canada</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="COR1"><ce:label>∗</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author, Tel. (0049) 551 395550, Fax (0049) 551 395448</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-accepted day="26" month="2" year="1994"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>Two experiments were set up to study the effect of invasion of forest soils of the Canadian Rocky Mountains by earthworms on nutrient dynamics, carbon turnover and soil microorganisms. In the first experiment material from four soil layers of an aspen (<ce:italic>Populus tremuloides</ce:italic> Michx.) forest (L, F, H, A<ce:inf>h</ce:inf>) and from F/H layers of a pine (<ce:italic>Pinus contorta</ce:italic> Loud.) forest was placed separately in laboratory systems. In this experiment the effect of <ce:italic>Dendrobaena octaedra</ce:italic> (Savigny) on nutrient leaching (N and P) and on carbon mineralization was monitored at regular intervals for 84 days. In addition, microbial biomass (substrate induced respiration (SIR) was determined at the end of the experiment. In the second experiment the effect of two earthworm species (<ce:italic>D. octaedra</ce:italic> and <ce:italic>Octolasion lacteum</ce:italic> (Oerley)) on nutrient leaching, carbon turnover, microbial biomass and bacterial/fungal ratio in reconstructed aspen forest floor was determined at destructive samplings after 28, 56 and 84 days of incubation. In addition, the effect of the earthworms on the composition of the fungal community in L/F layer was studied after 56 days of incubation.</ce:simple-para><ce:simple-para><ce:italic>D. octaedra</ce:italic> caused a strong increase in leaching of mineral N and P from organic soil materials but not from aspen A<ce:inf>h</ce:inf>. The effect of the earthworms increased during the incubation in most of the layers. In aspen L, A<ce:inf>h</ce:inf> and pine F/H <ce:italic>D. octaedra</ce:italic> caused a significant increase in NH<ce:inf>4</ce:inf><ce:sup>+</ce:sup>/NO<ce:inf>3</ce:inf><ce:sup>−</ce:sup> ratio in leachates; in aspen F and H leaching of mineral nitrogen occurred almost exclusively as NO<ce:inf>3</ce:inf><ce:sup>−</ce:sup> irrespective of earthworms. <ce:italic>D. octaedra</ce:italic> generally caused a reduction in microbial biomass. In the second experiment the effect of <ce:italic>D. octaedra</ce:italic> on nutrient leaching was assumed to be masked by internal nutrient immobilization. Microbial biomass in L/F layer was reduced by both earthworm species but enhanced in H and A<ce:inf>h</ce:inf> layer which was assumed to be caused by mixing of soil layer materials. Bacterial/fungal ratio was generally increased by both earthworm species in L/F and A<ce:inf>h</ce:inf> material but no effect was found in H layer. The dominance structure of the fungal community was modified by the earthworms but the effect was small. Carbon turnover was generally not significantly affected by earthworms in both experiments.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Aspen forest</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Bacterial/fungal ratio</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Carbon mineralization</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text><ce:italic>Dendrobaena octaedra</ce:italic></ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Pine forest</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Microbial biomass</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Nutrient cycling</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>Effects of earthworms on nutrient dynamics, carbon turnover and microorganisms in soils from cool temperate forests of the Canadian Rocky Mountains — laboratory studies</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Effects of earthworms on nutrient dynamics, carbon turnover and microorganisms in soils from cool temperate forests of the Canadian Rocky Mountains — laboratory studies</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Stefan</namePart><namePart type="family">Scheu</namePart><affiliation>Zoologisches Institut, Abteilung Ökologie, Berliner Str. 28, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany</affiliation><description>Corresponding author, Tel. (0049) 551 395550, Fax (0049) 551 395448</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Dennis</namePart><namePart type="family">Parkinson</namePart><affiliation>Department of Biology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alta. T2N 1N4, Canada</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1994</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1994</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Two experiments were set up to study the effect of invasion of forest soils of the Canadian Rocky Mountains by earthworms on nutrient dynamics, carbon turnover and soil microorganisms. In the first experiment material from four soil layers of an aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) forest (L, F, H, Ah) and from F/H layers of a pine (Pinus contorta Loud.) forest was placed separately in laboratory systems. In this experiment the effect of Dendrobaena octaedra (Savigny) on nutrient leaching (N and P) and on carbon mineralization was monitored at regular intervals for 84 days. In addition, microbial biomass (substrate induced respiration (SIR) was determined at the end of the experiment. In the second experiment the effect of two earthworm species (D. octaedra and Octolasion lacteum (Oerley)) on nutrient leaching, carbon turnover, microbial biomass and bacterial/fungal ratio in reconstructed aspen forest floor was determined at destructive samplings after 28, 56 and 84 days of incubation. In addition, the effect of the earthworms on the composition of the fungal community in L/F layer was studied after 56 days of incubation.D. octaedra caused a strong increase in leaching of mineral N and P from organic soil materials but not from aspen Ah. The effect of the earthworms increased during the incubation in most of the layers. In aspen L, Ah and pine F/H D. octaedra caused a significant increase in NH4+/NO3− ratio in leachates; in aspen F and H leaching of mineral nitrogen occurred almost exclusively as NO3− irrespective of earthworms. D. octaedra generally caused a reduction in microbial biomass. In the second experiment the effect of D. octaedra on nutrient leaching was assumed to be masked by internal nutrient immobilization. Microbial biomass in L/F layer was reduced by both earthworm species but enhanced in H and Ah layer which was assumed to be caused by mixing of soil layer materials. Bacterial/fungal ratio was generally increased by both earthworm species in L/F and Ah material but no effect was found in H layer. The dominance structure of the fungal community was modified by the earthworms but the effect was small. Carbon turnover was generally not significantly affected by earthworms in both experiments.</abstract><note type="content">Section title: Viewpoint</note><subject><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Aspen forest</topic><topic>Bacterial/fungal ratio</topic><topic>Carbon mineralization</topic><topic>Dendrobaena octaedra</topic><topic>Pine forest</topic><topic>Microbial biomass</topic><topic>Nutrient cycling</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Applied Soil Ecology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>APSOIL</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">199406</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0929-1393</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0929-1393(00)X0058-3</identifier><part><date>199406</date><detail type="volume"><number>1</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>2</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>91</start><end>191</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>113</start><end>125</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">A07383A8789C0C57BE7A6E3EBF84AF3CBC00E411</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/0929-1393(94)90031-0</identifier><identifier type="PII">0929-1393(94)90031-0</identifier><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource></recordInfo></mods></metadata></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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