High incidence of preharvest colonization of huanglongbing-symptomatic citrus sinensis fruit by Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Diplodia natalensis) and exacerbation of postharvest fruit decay by that fungus.
Identifieur interne : 000237 ( PubMed/Corpus ); précédent : 000236; suivant : 000238High incidence of preharvest colonization of huanglongbing-symptomatic citrus sinensis fruit by Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Diplodia natalensis) and exacerbation of postharvest fruit decay by that fungus.
Auteurs : Wei Zhao ; Jinhe Bai ; Greg Mccollum ; Elizabeth BaldwinSource :
- Applied and environmental microbiology [ 1098-5336 ] ; 2015.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- isolation & purification : Ascomycota.
- microbiology : Citrus sinensis, Fruit, Plant Diseases.
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction.
Abstract
Huanglongbing (HLB), presumably caused by the bacterium "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus," is a devastating citrus disease associated with excessive preharvest fruit drop. Lasiodiplodia theobromae (diplodia) is the causal organism of citrus stem end rot (SER). The pathogen infects citrus fruit under the calyx abscission zone (AZ-C) and is associated with cell wall hydrolytic enzymes similar to plant enzymes involved in abscission. By means of DNA sequencing, diplodia was found in "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus"-positive juice from HLB-symptomatic fruit (S) but not in "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus"-negative juice. Therefore, the incidence of diplodia in fruit tissues, the impact on HLB-related postharvest decay, and the implications for HLB-related preharvest fruit drop were investigated in Hamlin and Valencia oranges. Quantitative PCR results (qPCR) revealed a significantly (P < 0.001) greater incidence of diplodia in the AZ-C of HLB-symptomatic (S; "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus" threshold cycle [CT] of <30) than in the AZ-C of in asymptomatic (AS; "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus" CT of ≥30) fruit. In agreement with the qPCR results, 2 weeks after exposure to ethylene, the incidences of SER in S fruit were 66.7% (Hamlin) and 58.7% (Valencia), whereas for AS fruit the decay rates were 6.7% (Hamlin) and 5.3% (Valencia). Diplodia colonization of S fruit AZ-C was observed by scanning electron microscopy and confirmed by PCR test and morphology of conidia in isolates from the AZ-C after surface sterilization. Diplodia CT values were negatively correlated with ethylene production (R = -0.838 for Hamlin; R = -0.858 for Valencia) in S fruit, and positively correlated with fruit detachment force (R = 0.855 for Hamlin; R = 0.850 for Valencia), suggesting that diplodia colonization in AZ-C may exacerbate HLB-associated preharvest fruit drop.
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.02972-14
PubMed: 25344245
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">High incidence of preharvest colonization of huanglongbing-symptomatic citrus sinensis fruit by Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Diplodia natalensis) and exacerbation of postharvest fruit decay by that fungus.</title><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Wei" sort="Zhao, Wei" uniqKey="Zhao W" first="Wei" last="Zhao">Wei Zhao</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>USDA, ARS Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, Florida, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bai, Jinhe" sort="Bai, Jinhe" uniqKey="Bai J" first="Jinhe" last="Bai">Jinhe Bai</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>USDA, ARS Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, Florida, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccollum, Greg" sort="Mccollum, Greg" uniqKey="Mccollum G" first="Greg" last="Mccollum">Greg Mccollum</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>USDA, ARS Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, Florida, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baldwin, Elizabeth" sort="Baldwin, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Baldwin E" first="Elizabeth" last="Baldwin">Elizabeth Baldwin</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>USDA, ARS Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, Florida, USA liz.baldwin@ars.usda.gov.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:25344245</idno><idno type="pmid">25344245</idno><idno type="doi">10.1128/AEM.02972-14</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000237</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">High incidence of preharvest colonization of huanglongbing-symptomatic citrus sinensis fruit by Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Diplodia natalensis) and exacerbation of postharvest fruit decay by that fungus.</title><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Wei" sort="Zhao, Wei" uniqKey="Zhao W" first="Wei" last="Zhao">Wei Zhao</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>USDA, ARS Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, Florida, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bai, Jinhe" sort="Bai, Jinhe" uniqKey="Bai J" first="Jinhe" last="Bai">Jinhe Bai</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>USDA, ARS Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, Florida, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mccollum, Greg" sort="Mccollum, Greg" uniqKey="Mccollum G" first="Greg" last="Mccollum">Greg Mccollum</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>USDA, ARS Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, Florida, USA.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Baldwin, Elizabeth" sort="Baldwin, Elizabeth" uniqKey="Baldwin E" first="Elizabeth" last="Baldwin">Elizabeth Baldwin</name><affiliation><nlm:affiliation>USDA, ARS Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, Florida, USA liz.baldwin@ars.usda.gov.</nlm:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Applied and environmental microbiology</title><idno type="eISSN">1098-5336</idno><imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Ascomycota (isolation & purification)</term><term>Citrus sinensis (microbiology)</term><term>Fruit (microbiology)</term><term>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</term><term>Plant Diseases (microbiology)</term><term>Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>Ascomycota</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Citrus sinensis</term><term>Fruit</term><term>Plant Diseases</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</term><term>Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Huanglongbing (HLB), presumably caused by the bacterium "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus," is a devastating citrus disease associated with excessive preharvest fruit drop. Lasiodiplodia theobromae (diplodia) is the causal organism of citrus stem end rot (SER). The pathogen infects citrus fruit under the calyx abscission zone (AZ-C) and is associated with cell wall hydrolytic enzymes similar to plant enzymes involved in abscission. By means of DNA sequencing, diplodia was found in "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus"-positive juice from HLB-symptomatic fruit (S) but not in "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus"-negative juice. Therefore, the incidence of diplodia in fruit tissues, the impact on HLB-related postharvest decay, and the implications for HLB-related preharvest fruit drop were investigated in Hamlin and Valencia oranges. Quantitative PCR results (qPCR) revealed a significantly (P < 0.001) greater incidence of diplodia in the AZ-C of HLB-symptomatic (S; "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus" threshold cycle [CT] of <30) than in the AZ-C of in asymptomatic (AS; "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus" CT of ≥30) fruit. In agreement with the qPCR results, 2 weeks after exposure to ethylene, the incidences of SER in S fruit were 66.7% (Hamlin) and 58.7% (Valencia), whereas for AS fruit the decay rates were 6.7% (Hamlin) and 5.3% (Valencia). Diplodia colonization of S fruit AZ-C was observed by scanning electron microscopy and confirmed by PCR test and morphology of conidia in isolates from the AZ-C after surface sterilization. Diplodia CT values were negatively correlated with ethylene production (R = -0.838 for Hamlin; R = -0.858 for Valencia) in S fruit, and positively correlated with fruit detachment force (R = 0.855 for Hamlin; R = 0.850 for Valencia), suggesting that diplodia colonization in AZ-C may exacerbate HLB-associated preharvest fruit drop.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">25344245</PMID><DateCreated><Year>2014</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>16</Day></DateCreated><DateCompleted><Year>2015</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>04</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2015</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>29</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1098-5336</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>81</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2015</Year><Month>Jan</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Applied and environmental microbiology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Appl. Environ. Microbiol.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>High incidence of preharvest colonization of huanglongbing-symptomatic citrus sinensis fruit by Lasiodiplodia theobromae (Diplodia natalensis) and exacerbation of postharvest fruit decay by that fungus.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>364-72</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1128/AEM.02972-14</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Huanglongbing (HLB), presumably caused by the bacterium "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus," is a devastating citrus disease associated with excessive preharvest fruit drop. Lasiodiplodia theobromae (diplodia) is the causal organism of citrus stem end rot (SER). The pathogen infects citrus fruit under the calyx abscission zone (AZ-C) and is associated with cell wall hydrolytic enzymes similar to plant enzymes involved in abscission. By means of DNA sequencing, diplodia was found in "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus"-positive juice from HLB-symptomatic fruit (S) but not in "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus"-negative juice. Therefore, the incidence of diplodia in fruit tissues, the impact on HLB-related postharvest decay, and the implications for HLB-related preharvest fruit drop were investigated in Hamlin and Valencia oranges. Quantitative PCR results (qPCR) revealed a significantly (P < 0.001) greater incidence of diplodia in the AZ-C of HLB-symptomatic (S; "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus" threshold cycle [CT] of <30) than in the AZ-C of in asymptomatic (AS; "Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus" CT of ≥30) fruit. In agreement with the qPCR results, 2 weeks after exposure to ethylene, the incidences of SER in S fruit were 66.7% (Hamlin) and 58.7% (Valencia), whereas for AS fruit the decay rates were 6.7% (Hamlin) and 5.3% (Valencia). Diplodia colonization of S fruit AZ-C was observed by scanning electron microscopy and confirmed by PCR test and morphology of conidia in isolates from the AZ-C after surface sterilization. Diplodia CT values were negatively correlated with ethylene production (R = -0.838 for Hamlin; R = -0.858 for Valencia) in S fruit, and positively correlated with fruit detachment force (R = 0.855 for Hamlin; R = 0.850 for Valencia), suggesting that diplodia colonization in AZ-C may exacerbate HLB-associated preharvest fruit drop.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2015, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhao</LastName><ForeName>Wei</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>USDA, ARS Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, Florida, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bai</LastName><ForeName>Jinhe</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>USDA, ARS Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, Florida, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>McCollum</LastName><ForeName>Greg</ForeName><Initials>G</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>USDA, ARS Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, Florida, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Baldwin</LastName><ForeName>Elizabeth</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>USDA, ARS Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, Florida, USA liz.baldwin@ars.usda.gov.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>ENG</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2014</Year><Month>Oct</Month><Day>24</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Appl Environ Microbiol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>7605801</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0099-2240</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><CommentsCorrectionsList><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2005 Sep;55(Pt 5):1857-62</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16166678</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Agric Food Chem. 2013 Oct 2;61(39):9339-46</RefSource><PMID Version="1">24047134</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Microbiol Methods. 2006 Jul;66(1):104-15</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16414133</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Phytopathology. 2009 Jan;99(1):50-7</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19055434</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Mar;75(6):1566-74</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19151177</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2009 Aug;22(8):1011-20</RefSource><PMID Version="1">19589076</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Jan 27;58(2):1247-62</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20030384</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Appl Environ Microbiol. 2010 Jun;76(11):3427-36</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20382817</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>J Exp Bot. 2004 Jul;55(402):1483-90</RefSource><PMID Version="1">15208347</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Biochem J. 1979 Jan 1;177(1):9-19</RefSource><PMID Version="1">106849</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Z Allg Mikrobiol. 1983;23(5):283-8</RefSource><PMID Version="1">6624142</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2010;48:119-39</RefSource><PMID Version="1">20415578</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>ISME J. 2012 Feb;6(2):363-83</RefSource><PMID Version="1">21796220</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e38039</RefSource><PMID Version="1">22675433</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>PLoS One. 2013;8(6):e67442</RefSource><PMID Version="1">23922636</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>PLoS One. 2013;8(9):e73742</RefSource><PMID Version="1">24058486</PMID></CommentsCorrections><CommentsCorrections RefType="Cites"><RefSource>Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Nov;71(11):6473-8</RefSource><PMID Version="1">16269671</PMID></CommentsCorrections></CommentsCorrectionsList><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001203" MajorTopicYN="N">Ascomycota</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000302" MajorTopicYN="Y">isolation & purification</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D032084" MajorTopicYN="N">Citrus sinensis</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="Y">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005638" MajorTopicYN="N">Fruit</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="Y">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D008855" MajorTopicYN="N">Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010935" 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