CIBMAN: Database exploring Citrus biodiversity of Manipur
Identifieur interne : 000E39 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000E38; suivant : 000E40CIBMAN: Database exploring Citrus biodiversity of Manipur
Auteurs : Rakesh Sanabam ; Bharat Gopalrao Somkuwar ; Gourshyam Thingnam ; Sila Moirangthem ; Pratap Jyoti Handique ; Sunitibala HuidromSource :
- Bioinformation [ 0973-8894 ] ; 2012.
Abstract
The rich wealth of
Url:
DOI: 10.6026/97320630008838
PubMed: 23139595
PubMed Central: 3488848
Links to Exploration step
PMC:3488848Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">CIBMAN: Database exploring <italic>Citrus</italic> biodiversity of Manipur</title><author><name sortKey="Sanabam, Rakesh" sort="Sanabam, Rakesh" uniqKey="Sanabam R" first="Rakesh" last="Sanabam">Rakesh Sanabam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Medicinal Plants and Horticultural Resources Division</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Somkuwar, Bharat Gopalrao" sort="Somkuwar, Bharat Gopalrao" uniqKey="Somkuwar B" first="Bharat Gopalrao" last="Somkuwar">Bharat Gopalrao Somkuwar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Bioresources Database & Bioinformatics Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795001, Manipur, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thingnam, Gourshyam" sort="Thingnam, Gourshyam" uniqKey="Thingnam G" first="Gourshyam" last="Thingnam">Gourshyam Thingnam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Bioresources Database & Bioinformatics Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795001, Manipur, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moirangthem, Sila" sort="Moirangthem, Sila" uniqKey="Moirangthem S" first="Sila" last="Moirangthem">Sila Moirangthem</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Medicinal Plants and Horticultural Resources Division</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Handique, Pratap Jyoti" sort="Handique, Pratap Jyoti" uniqKey="Handique P" first="Pratap Jyoti" last="Handique">Pratap Jyoti Handique</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati-781014, Assam, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huidrom, Sunitibala" sort="Huidrom, Sunitibala" uniqKey="Huidrom S" first="Sunitibala" last="Huidrom">Sunitibala Huidrom</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Medicinal Plants and Horticultural Resources Division</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">23139595</idno><idno type="pmc">3488848</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3488848</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3488848</idno><idno type="doi">10.6026/97320630008838</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000E39</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">CIBMAN: Database exploring <italic>Citrus</italic> biodiversity of Manipur</title><author><name sortKey="Sanabam, Rakesh" sort="Sanabam, Rakesh" uniqKey="Sanabam R" first="Rakesh" last="Sanabam">Rakesh Sanabam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Medicinal Plants and Horticultural Resources Division</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Somkuwar, Bharat Gopalrao" sort="Somkuwar, Bharat Gopalrao" uniqKey="Somkuwar B" first="Bharat Gopalrao" last="Somkuwar">Bharat Gopalrao Somkuwar</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Bioresources Database & Bioinformatics Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795001, Manipur, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thingnam, Gourshyam" sort="Thingnam, Gourshyam" uniqKey="Thingnam G" first="Gourshyam" last="Thingnam">Gourshyam Thingnam</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Bioresources Database & Bioinformatics Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795001, Manipur, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moirangthem, Sila" sort="Moirangthem, Sila" uniqKey="Moirangthem S" first="Sila" last="Moirangthem">Sila Moirangthem</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Medicinal Plants and Horticultural Resources Division</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Handique, Pratap Jyoti" sort="Handique, Pratap Jyoti" uniqKey="Handique P" first="Pratap Jyoti" last="Handique">Pratap Jyoti Handique</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati-781014, Assam, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Huidrom, Sunitibala" sort="Huidrom, Sunitibala" uniqKey="Huidrom S" first="Sunitibala" last="Huidrom">Sunitibala Huidrom</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Medicinal Plants and Horticultural Resources Division</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Bioinformation</title><idno type="ISSN">0973-8894</idno><idno type="eISSN">0973-2063</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The rich wealth of <italic>Citrus</italic> genetic resources makes India to enjoy a remarkable position in the “<italic>Citrus</italic> belt of the world”. We have
developed CIBMAN, a unique database on <italic>Citrus</italic> biodiversity of Manipur which comprises 33 accessions collected through
extensive survey for more than three years. CIBMAN provides integrated access to <italic>Citrus</italic> species through sophisticated web interface
which has following capabilities a) morphological details, b) socio-economic details, c) taxonomic details and d) geographical
distribution. Morphological variability among <italic>Citrus</italic> accessions is due to variance in their genome which contributes to diverse
agronomical traits and diverse bioactive compounds of high value. This diverse gene pool can be potential source for genetic
improvement of existing cultivars and rootstocks. Systematic collection, characterization and conservation of the underutilized or
lesser exploited varieties is required for incorporating in breeding program and conserve the germplasm from ever going on
genetic erosion. This database will be useful for scientific validations and updating of traditional wisdom in bioprospecting aspects
especially industrialization of <italic>Citrus</italic> found in the state. Further, the features will be suited for detailed investigation on potential
medicinal and edible <italic>Citrus</italic> that make CIBMAN a powerful tool for sustainable management.</p><sec id="sb1e"><title>Availability</title><p><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://ibsd.gov.in/cibman">http://ibsd.gov.in/cibman</ext-link></p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="E, Gonzalez Molina" uniqKey="E G">Gonzalez-Molina E</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="F, Menichini" uniqKey="F M">Menichini F</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rj, Nijveldt" uniqKey="Rj N">Nijveldt RJ</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="O, Benavente Garcia" uniqKey="O B">Benavente-Garcia O</name></author><author><name sortKey="J, Castillo" uniqKey="J C">Castillo J</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sl, Hwang" uniqKey="Sl H">Hwang SL</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="M, Chutia" uniqKey="M C">Chutia M</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sp, Ghosh" uniqKey="Sp G">Ghosh SP</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bd, Sharma" uniqKey="Bd S">Sharma BD</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ip, Singh" uniqKey="Ip S">Singh IP</name></author><author><name sortKey="S, Singh" uniqKey="S S">Singh S</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dn, Borthakur" uniqKey="Dn B">Borthakur DN</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="S, Govind" uniqKey="S G">Govind S</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ip, Singh" uniqKey="Ip S">Singh IP</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tk, Hazarika" uniqKey="Tk H">Hazarika TK</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dk, Hore" uniqKey="Dk H">Hore DK</name></author><author><name sortKey="U, Barua" uniqKey="U B">Barua U</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ip, Singh" uniqKey="Ip S">Singh IP</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ip, Singh" uniqKey="Ip S">Singh IP</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sk, Malik" uniqKey="Sk M">Malik SK</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="J, Liu" uniqKey="J L">Liu J</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Bioinformation</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Bioinformation</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Bioinformation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Bioinformation</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0973-8894</issn><issn pub-type="epub">0973-2063</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Biomedical Informatics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23139595</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3488848</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">97320630008838</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.6026/97320630008838</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Database</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>CIBMAN: Database exploring <italic>Citrus</italic> biodiversity of Manipur</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sanabam</surname><given-names>Rakesh</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Somkuwar</surname><given-names>Bharat Gopalrao</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Thingnam</surname><given-names>Gourshyam</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Moirangthem</surname><given-names>Sila</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Handique</surname><given-names>Pratap Jyoti</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Huidrom</surname><given-names>Sunitibala</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="COR1">*</xref></contrib><aff id="A1"><label>1</label>Medicinal Plants and Horticultural Resources Division</aff><aff id="A2"><label>2</label>Bioresources Database & Bioinformatics Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India, Takyelpat, Imphal 795001, Manipur, India</aff><aff id="A3"><label>3</label>Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati-781014, Assam, India</aff></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp id="COR1"><label>*</label>Sunitibala Huidrom: <email>huidrom_sunitibala@rediffmail.com</email>Fax: +91 0385 2446120</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>9</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>17</issue><fpage>838</fpage><lpage>840</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>17</day><month>8</month><year>2012</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>20</day><month>8</month><year>2012</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2012 Biomedical Informatics</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access"><license-p>This is an open-access article, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,
for non-commercial purposes, provided the original author and source are credited.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract><p>The rich wealth of <italic>Citrus</italic> genetic resources makes India to enjoy a remarkable position in the “<italic>Citrus</italic> belt of the world”. We have
developed CIBMAN, a unique database on <italic>Citrus</italic> biodiversity of Manipur which comprises 33 accessions collected through
extensive survey for more than three years. CIBMAN provides integrated access to <italic>Citrus</italic> species through sophisticated web interface
which has following capabilities a) morphological details, b) socio-economic details, c) taxonomic details and d) geographical
distribution. Morphological variability among <italic>Citrus</italic> accessions is due to variance in their genome which contributes to diverse
agronomical traits and diverse bioactive compounds of high value. This diverse gene pool can be potential source for genetic
improvement of existing cultivars and rootstocks. Systematic collection, characterization and conservation of the underutilized or
lesser exploited varieties is required for incorporating in breeding program and conserve the germplasm from ever going on
genetic erosion. This database will be useful for scientific validations and updating of traditional wisdom in bioprospecting aspects
especially industrialization of <italic>Citrus</italic> found in the state. Further, the features will be suited for detailed investigation on potential
medicinal and edible <italic>Citrus</italic> that make CIBMAN a powerful tool for sustainable management.</p><sec id="sb1e"><title>Availability</title><p><ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://ibsd.gov.in/cibman">http://ibsd.gov.in/cibman</ext-link></p></sec></abstract></article-meta></front><body><sec id="s1"><title>Background</title><p><italic>Citrus</italic> a delicious tropical fruit crop widely grows in the state of
Manipur of North-East (NE) Region of India. The aromatic,
nutritive and medicinal value of <italic>Citrus</italic> is integrally
associated with day to day lifestyle of peoples of Manipur
through ages. <italic>Citrus</italic> thrives in Manipur as cultivated, semiwild
and wild forms, with maximum diversity being maintained
in home gardens. The commonly available <italic>Citrus</italic> fruits in the
state are sweet oranges, pumelos, rough lemon, mandarins,
wild orange, citron and other <italic>Citrus</italic> species. Various <italic>Citrus</italic>forms having acid taste is also widely available with ambiguities
in their names. Frequently, people use to call the acid ones as
champra or solom, if it is larger one. The rich germplasm of acidic
<italic>Citrus</italic> group is under threat of loss as it is frequently removed
from farmer's field or home gardens in exchange for crops of
higher economic value. <italic>Citrus</italic> is valued for the fruit, which is
either eaten alone as fresh fruit, processed into juice, pickles or
added to dishes and beverages. The rich polyphenolic
compounds of <italic>Citrus</italic> such as flavanoids can act as “functional
ingredients” in promotion of health and prevention of
degenerative diseases [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R01">1</xref>–<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R05">5</xref>]. <italic>Citrus</italic> is also potential source for
compounds having high value in perfumery, cosmetic and
chemotherapeutic purpose of controlling phytopathogens [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R06">6</xref>]. The
NE Region of India of which Manipur is a part is considered as
“natural home for <italic>Citrus</italic>” [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R07">7</xref>]. Out of the 27 species reported in
India, 23 are confined to North-East Region of India [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R08">8</xref>]. Easy
hybridization amongst different <italic>Citrus</italic> species and genera and
unique favourable agro-climatic and soil-physiographic setup of
the region paves the way for origin of numerous forms growing
in wild and semi-wild forms [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R09">9</xref>]. <italic>Citrus</italic> plants in the NE region are
still growing in deep forests undisturbed by biotic factors
[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R10">10</xref>,
<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R11">11</xref>]. An important crop, <italic>Citrus macroptera</italic> or wild orange due to
its habitat preference for wet and shady areas is growing
inside deep forest of Chandel District of Manipur. Despite rich
diversity in this biodiversity hotspot of the world, erosion of
genetic resources of <italic>Citrus</italic> in the natural habitat is taking
place due to various biotic and abiotic factors has resulted in
loss of gene pool from nature and as well as from different centre
of collections [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R12">12</xref>]. Even though there is availability of large <italic>Citrus</italic>germplasm and suitable conditions that favours the growth,
<italic>Citrus</italic> industry of the state is in poor shape as its productivity is
extremely low. Region specific topographical problem,
traditional way of cultivation, lack of scientific way of nutrients,
diseases and insect-pest management and unavailability of
quality planting material contributes to low productivity of <italic>Citrus</italic>in the state [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R13">13</xref>].</p><p>Database to retrieve the comprehensive information on <italic>Citrus</italic> will
be extremely useful to modern research, and could enable new
insights and discoveries concerning evolutionary relationship
of gene and gene products anticipated in ethno-pharmacology.
Some attempt has been made by Hazarika [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R12">12</xref>] for systematic
documentation of the <italic>Citrus</italic> found in North-East India, but
online interface will be certainly useful for the users to interpret
more effectively and retrieve the desired information. Thus we
have designed a sophisticated web based database to provide
comprehensive information on <italic>Citrus</italic> found in Manipur.</p><p>CIBMAN is first resource that provides comprehensive retrieval of
information related to <italic>Citrus</italic> bioresources found in Manipur
and is a unique publically available web-interface that
elaborates <italic>Citrus</italic> Biodiversity of MANipur
(<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://ibsd.gov.in/cibman">http://ibsd.gov.in/cibman</ext-link>) which provides access to the
taxonomy, morphology (leaves, fruit and seed), geographical
distribution, economic status, uses, references and links.
CIBMANs' sophisticated web based graphical user interface
allows efficient retrieval of data. The reliable data content and
links add an advantage in exploring data and that will make
CIBMAN a comprehensive and sophisticated tool.</p></sec><sec sec-type="methods" id="s2"><title>Methodology</title><p>Surveys for availability of <italic>Citrus</italic> in nine districts of Manipur
were conducted during 2008 to 2012. Data were obtained by
performing personal visit to the market place, homeyards and
forest. During the course of study, <italic>Citrus</italic> species were also
collected from different habitats and preserved following the
standard methods and identified up to genus level by following
the standard taxonomic keys. The genetic resources were
maintained at IBSD. The identification and authentication of the
<italic>Citrus</italic> species were done at Botanical Survey of India (Shillong,
Meghalaya); National Research Centre for <italic>Citrus</italic> (Nagpur,
Maharashtra) and National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources
(Barapani, Meghalaya). <italic>Citrus</italic> crops are associated with sociocultural
activities of people of Manipur. Important <italic>Citrus</italic> species
present in Manipur are <italic>Citrus grandis, Citrus jambhiri, Citrus
medica, Citrus macroptera, Citrus pseudolimon, Citrus reticulata,
Citrus sinensis</italic> and other <italic>Citrus</italic> species which are not properly
known [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R12">12</xref>,
<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R14">14</xref>].
There is high possibility of finding diverse form
of <italic>Citrus</italic> since Manipur is located bordering to Myanmar, a
region having high <italic>Citrus</italic> diversity. Proper exploitation of
pumelos and acid group of <italic>Citrus</italic> for economic returns is
required since farmers might opt for other crops thereby
reducing the <italic>Citrus</italic> diversity. Kachai lemon a high yielding
land race, cultivated in all the household of Kachai village of
Ukhrul District, Manipur as community garden is a unique
way for conserving the crop [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R15">15</xref>]. Conservation by community
gardening should be extended to <italic>Citrus</italic> species of lesser
economic value and rarely available or endangered ones [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R16">16</xref>].</p><p>In this study, the morphological characters like shape, size can
give information about the diverse gene pool of <italic>Citrus</italic> available
in the state (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="F1">Figure 1 (a, b & c)</xref>. The information provided also
helps in differentiation between various <italic>Citrus</italic> accessions based
on the phenotypes which are highly heritable and equally
expressed in all environments. So far, there is limited
information available on diverse germplasm of <italic>Citrus</italic> reported
from the state.</p><sec id="s2a"><title><italic>Database Content</italic>:</title><p>CIBMAN database contains an extensive compilation on <italic>Citrus</italic>biodiversity, which can be visualized and analyzed by
graphical web-interface. The database comprises of 33 <italic>Citrus</italic>accessions of which most of them are used for edible and
medicinal purposes. Extensive study on evolutionary
relationship is under progress to understand the taxonomic
conundrum retain since long. Further, biochemical and
molecular data on gene and gene products will be updated after
experimental validation of the data.</p></sec></sec><sec id="s3"><title>Design and Implementation</title><p>The CIBMAN database was developed by extracting seamlessly
integrating data from extensive questionnaire compiled in MS
Excel. This data compiled in MySQL 5.1.41 (www.mysql.com)
relational database along with cross references to taxonomy,
morphology, gallery, references and links. <xref ref-type="fig" rid="F2">Figure 2</xref> elaborates
the architecture and outline of CIBMAN database. The MySQL
database was normalized and indexed to ensure efficient and
accurate data retrieval through the query option available in
CIBMAN web interface. At present search by common name,
scientific name and advance options are available to the users.
The regular updates to the CIBMAN database to ensure that its'
contents are up to date with periodic update in experimental and
biochemical study.</p><p>The CIBMAN web interface developed in Apache 2.0 Handler
CGI 1.1 (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="www.apache.org">www.apache.org</ext-link>) runs on the Windows 2003 web
server and utilizes the MySQL (XAMPP-win32-1.7.7) module
to query and retrieve data from back end MySQL database
(<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="www.mysql.com">www.mysql.com</ext-link>). The graphical display of snaps was
implemented with JAVA Script 1.6 programming
(<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.javascriptsource.com">http://www.javascriptsource.com</ext-link>). The Google map API
developer implemented for graphical representation of the
distribution with respect to the GPS coordinates highlighting the
specific site of sample collection.</p></sec><sec id="s4"><title>Future Development</title><p>The gene pool of <italic>Citrus</italic> requires systematic approach for its
collection, conservation and characterization and its availability
in the future. Large gene pool of wild relatives of cultivated
<italic>Citrus</italic> crops is also potential source of important traits to face the
unforeseen changes in climate and any further soil degradation,
the sudden appearance of insect and virulent forms of
pathogens. There is necessity of screening for any <italic>Citrus</italic> species
having tolerance to pathogens, higher content of economically
useful compounds and valuable horticultural traits. By
incorporating such cultivars having valuable traits in somatic
hybridization programs, crop genetic improvement of existing
<italic>Citrus</italic> rootstocks and cultivars of higher bioactive compound
with desired quality could be achieved [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R17">17</xref>]. The rich <italic>Citrus</italic>germplasm can also be exploited for finding new antibiotic
compounds that might be useful as drug for treatment of
multi drug resistant pathogens that become resistant to
existing antibiotic compounds. Diverse forms of <italic>Citrus</italic>available but most of them underutilized can give us some
insight on potential <italic>Citrus</italic> based industry in the state of
Manipur. It is the high time to establish field gene bank at
different sites as revival policy and thereafter proper care
needs to be taken for maintenance and better conservation of
the <italic>Citrus</italic> diversity. To reduce the risk of germplasm loss, in
addition to field gene banks, <italic>in vitro</italic> gene banks and
cryopreservation techniques have to be developed [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R12">12</xref>,
<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R16">16</xref>].</p></sec></body><back><ack><p>Authors are thankful to Department of Biotechnology (DBT),
Govt. of India, New Delhi for providing financial support and
working facilities in the Medicinal Plants and Horticultural
Resources Division and Bioresources Database and
Bioinformatics Division, Institute of Bioresources and
Sustainable Development, Imphal.</p></ack><fn-group><fn id="FN1" fn-type="other"><p><bold>Citation:</bold>Sanabam <italic>et al</italic>, Bioinformation 8(17): 838-840 (2012)</p></fn></fn-group><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="R01"><label>1</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>E</surname><given-names>Gonzalez-Molina</given-names></name><etal></etal></person-group><source>J Pharm Biomed Anal</source><year>2010</year><volume>51</volume><fpage>327</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">19748198</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref id="R02"><label>2</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>F</surname><given-names>Menichini</given-names></name><etal></etal></person-group><source>Food Chem Toxicol</source><year>2011</year><volume>49</volume><fpage>1549</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">21457747</pub-id></element-citation></ref><ref 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Crop Evolution</source><year>2006</year><volume>53</volume><fpage>1485</fpage></element-citation></ref><ref id="R17"><label>17</label><element-citation publication-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name><surname>J</surname><given-names>Liu</given-names></name><etal></etal></person-group><source>Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture</source><year>2005</year><volume>82</volume><fpage>19</fpage></element-citation></ref></ref-list></back><floats-group><fig id="F1" position="float"><label>Figure 1</label><caption><p>(A) Fruit weight variation among <italic>Citrus</italic> accessions;
(B) Segment variability among <italic>Citrus</italic> accessions; (C) Variation
in leaf lamina length.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="97320630008838F1"></graphic></fig><fig id="F2" position="float"><label>Figure 2</label><caption><p>Architecture and outline of CIBMAN database</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="97320630008838F2"></graphic></fig></floats-group></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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