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Reduction of Legionella spp. in Water and in Soil by a Citrus Plant Extract Vapor

Identifieur interne : 000C36 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 000C35; suivant : 000C37

Reduction of Legionella spp. in Water and in Soil by a Citrus Plant Extract Vapor

Auteurs : Katie Laird ; Elena Kurzbach ; Jodie Score ; Jyoti Tejpal ; George Chi Tangyie ; Carol Phillips

Source :

Applied and Environmental Microbiology [ 0099-2240 ] ; 2014.

RBID : PMC:4178682

Abstract

Legionnaires' disease is a severe form of pneumonia caused by Legionella spp., organisms often isolated from environmental sources, including soil and water. Legionella spp. are capable of replicating intracellularly within free-living protozoa, and once this has occurred, Legionella is particularly resistant to disinfectants. Citrus essential oil (EO) vapors are effective antimicrobials against a range of microorganisms, with reductions of 5 log cells ml⁻¹ on a variety of surfaces. The aim of this investigation was to assess the efficacy of a citrus EO vapor against Legionella spp. in water and in soil systems. Reductions of viable cells of Legionella pneumophila, Legionella longbeachae, Legionella bozemanii, and an intra-amoebal culture of Legionella pneumophila (water system only) were assessed in soil and in water after exposure to a citrus EO vapor at concentrations ranging from 3.75 mg/liter air to 15g/liter air. Antimicrobial efficacy via different delivery systems (passive and active sintering of the vapor) was determined in water, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the antimicrobial components (linalool, citral, and β-pinene) was conducted. There was up to a 5-log cells ml⁻¹ reduction in Legionella spp. in soil after exposure to the citrus EO vapors (15 mg/liter air). The most susceptible strain in water was L. pneumophila, with a 4-log cells ml⁻¹ reduction after 24 h via sintering (15 g/liter air). Sintering the vapor through water increased the presence of the antimicrobial components, with a 61% increase of linalool. Therefore, the appropriate method of delivery of an antimicrobial citrus EO vapor may go some way in controlling Legionella spp. from environmental sources.

Url:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4178682

DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01275-14
PubMed: 25063652
PubMed Central: 4178682

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PMC:4178682

Le document en format XML

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 spp. in Water and in Soil by a Citrus Plant Extract Vapor</title>
<author><name sortKey="Laird, Katie" sort="Laird, Katie" uniqKey="Laird K" first="Katie" last="Laird">Katie Laird</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kurzbach, Elena" sort="Kurzbach, Elena" uniqKey="Kurzbach E" first="Elena" last="Kurzbach">Elena Kurzbach</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Score, Jodie" sort="Score, Jodie" uniqKey="Score J" first="Jodie" last="Score">Jodie Score</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Tejpal, Jyoti" sort="Tejpal, Jyoti" uniqKey="Tejpal J" first="Jyoti" last="Tejpal">Jyoti Tejpal</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff1">School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Chi Tangyie, George" sort="Chi Tangyie, George" uniqKey="Chi Tangyie G" first="George" last="Chi Tangyie">George Chi Tangyie</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Phillips, Carol" sort="Phillips, Carol" uniqKey="Phillips C" first="Carol" last="Phillips">Carol Phillips</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Tejpal, Jyoti" sort="Tejpal, Jyoti" uniqKey="Tejpal J" first="Jyoti" last="Tejpal">Jyoti Tejpal</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Chi Tangyie, George" sort="Chi Tangyie, George" uniqKey="Chi Tangyie G" first="George" last="Chi Tangyie">George Chi Tangyie</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Phillips, Carol" sort="Phillips, Carol" uniqKey="Phillips C" first="Carol" last="Phillips">Carol Phillips</name>
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<series><title level="j">Applied and Environmental Microbiology</title>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Legionnaires' disease is a severe form of pneumonia caused by <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella</named-content>
 spp., organisms often isolated from environmental sources, including soil and water. <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella</named-content>
 spp. are capable of replicating intracellularly within free-living protozoa, and once this has occurred, <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella</named-content>
 is particularly resistant to disinfectants. Citrus essential oil (EO) vapors are effective antimicrobials against a range of microorganisms, with reductions of 5 log cells ml<sup>−1</sup>
 on a variety of surfaces. The aim of this investigation was to assess the efficacy of a citrus EO vapor against <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella</named-content>
 spp. in water and in soil systems. Reductions of viable cells of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella pneumophila</named-content>
, <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella longbeachae</named-content>
, <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella bozemanii</named-content>
, and an intra-amoebal culture of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella pneumophila</named-content>
 (water system only) were assessed in soil and in water after exposure to a citrus EO vapor at concentrations ranging from 3.75 mg/liter air to 15g/liter air. Antimicrobial efficacy via different delivery systems (passive and active sintering of the vapor) was determined in water, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the antimicrobial components (linalool, citral, and β-pinene) was conducted. There was up to a 5-log cells ml<sup>−1</sup>
 reduction in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella</named-content>
 spp. in soil after exposure to the citrus EO vapors (15 mg/liter air). The most susceptible strain in water was <named-content content-type="genus-species">L. pneumophila</named-content>
, with a 4-log cells ml<sup>−1</sup>
 reduction after 24 h via sintering (15 g/liter air). Sintering the vapor through water increased the presence of the antimicrobial components, with a 61% increase of linalool. Therefore, the appropriate method of delivery of an antimicrobial citrus EO vapor may go some way in controlling <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella</named-content>
 spp. from environmental sources.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
  <front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Appl Environ Microbiol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Appl. Environ. Microbiol</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">aem</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">aem</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">AEM</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Applied and Environmental Microbiology</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0099-2240</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1098-5336</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>American Society for Microbiology</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25063652</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4178682</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">01275-14</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1128/AEM.01275-14</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Environmental Microbiology</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Reduction of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella</named-content>
 spp. in Water and in Soil by a Citrus Plant Extract Vapor</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Laird</surname>
<given-names>Katie</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kurzbach</surname>
<given-names>Elena</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Score</surname>
<given-names>Jodie</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tejpal</surname>
<given-names>Jyoti</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chi Tangyie</surname>
<given-names>George</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>a</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Phillips</surname>
<given-names>Carol</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>b</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<aff id="aff1"><label>a</label>
School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester, United Kingdom</aff>
<aff id="aff2"><label>b</label>
The School of Health, The University of Northampton, Northampton, United Kingdom</aff>
</contrib-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Yates</surname>
<given-names>M. V.</given-names>
</name>
<role>Editor</role>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes><corresp id="cor1">Address correspondence to Katie Laird, <email>klaird@dmu.ac.uk</email>
.</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>10</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>80</volume>
<issue>19</issue>
<fpage>6031</fpage>
<lpage>6036</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>18</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>17</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2014, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2014</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>American Society for Microbiology</copyright-holder>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:title="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="zam01914006031.pdf"></self-uri>
<abstract><p>Legionnaires' disease is a severe form of pneumonia caused by <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella</named-content>
 spp., organisms often isolated from environmental sources, including soil and water. <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella</named-content>
 spp. are capable of replicating intracellularly within free-living protozoa, and once this has occurred, <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella</named-content>
 is particularly resistant to disinfectants. Citrus essential oil (EO) vapors are effective antimicrobials against a range of microorganisms, with reductions of 5 log cells ml<sup>−1</sup>
 on a variety of surfaces. The aim of this investigation was to assess the efficacy of a citrus EO vapor against <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella</named-content>
 spp. in water and in soil systems. Reductions of viable cells of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella pneumophila</named-content>
, <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella longbeachae</named-content>
, <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella bozemanii</named-content>
, and an intra-amoebal culture of <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella pneumophila</named-content>
 (water system only) were assessed in soil and in water after exposure to a citrus EO vapor at concentrations ranging from 3.75 mg/liter air to 15g/liter air. Antimicrobial efficacy via different delivery systems (passive and active sintering of the vapor) was determined in water, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the antimicrobial components (linalool, citral, and β-pinene) was conducted. There was up to a 5-log cells ml<sup>−1</sup>
 reduction in <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella</named-content>
 spp. in soil after exposure to the citrus EO vapors (15 mg/liter air). The most susceptible strain in water was <named-content content-type="genus-species">L. pneumophila</named-content>
, with a 4-log cells ml<sup>−1</sup>
 reduction after 24 h via sintering (15 g/liter air). Sintering the vapor through water increased the presence of the antimicrobial components, with a 61% increase of linalool. Therefore, the appropriate method of delivery of an antimicrobial citrus EO vapor may go some way in controlling <named-content content-type="genus-species">Legionella</named-content>
 spp. from environmental sources.</p>
</abstract>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>

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Reduction of Legionella spp. in Water and in Soil by a Citrus Plant Extract Vapor

Reduction of Legionella spp. in Water and in Soil by a Citrus Plant Extract Vapor

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