Avocado Seeds: Extraction Optimization and Possible Use as Antioxidant in Food
Identifieur interne : 000895 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000894; suivant : 000896Avocado Seeds: Extraction Optimization and Possible Use as Antioxidant in Food
Auteurs : Francisco Segovia G Mez [Venezuela] ; Sara Peir Sánchez ; Maria Gabriela Gallego Iradi ; Nurul Aini Mohd Azman ; María Pilar AlmajanoSource :
- Antioxidants [ 2076-3921 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Consumption of avocado (
Url:
DOI: 10.3390/antiox3020439
PubMed: 26784880
PubMed Central: 4665478
Affiliations:
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PMC:4665478Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Avocado Seeds: Extraction Optimization and Possible Use as Antioxidant in Food</title>
<author><name sortKey="G Mez, Francisco Segovia" sort="G Mez, Francisco Segovia" uniqKey="G Mez F" first="Francisco Segovia" last="G Mez">Francisco Segovia G Mez</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-antioxidants-03-00439">Chemical Engineering Department, Technical University of Catalonia, Avda. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails:<email>segoviafj@gmail.com</email>
(F.S.G.);<email>sapeisa@yahoo.es</email>
(S.P.S.);<email>maria.gabriela.gallego@upc.edu</email>
(M.G.G.I.);<email>aini.azman@gmail.com</email>
(N.A.M.A.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2-antioxidants-03-00439">Chemical Engineering Department, Antonio José de Sucre National Experimental Polytechnic University, Avenida Corpahuaico, 3001 Barquisimeto, Venezuela</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Venezuela</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Chemical Engineering Department, Antonio José de Sucre National Experimental Polytechnic University, Avenida Corpahuaico, 3001 Barquisimeto</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>3001 Barquisimeto</wicri:noRegion>
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</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sanchez, Sara Peir" sort="Sanchez, Sara Peir" uniqKey="Sanchez S" first="Sara Peir" last="Sánchez">Sara Peir Sánchez</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-antioxidants-03-00439">Chemical Engineering Department, Technical University of Catalonia, Avda. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails:<email>segoviafj@gmail.com</email>
(F.S.G.);<email>sapeisa@yahoo.es</email>
(S.P.S.);<email>maria.gabriela.gallego@upc.edu</email>
(M.G.G.I.);<email>aini.azman@gmail.com</email>
(N.A.M.A.)</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Gallego Iradi, Maria Gabriela" sort="Gallego Iradi, Maria Gabriela" uniqKey="Gallego Iradi M" first="Maria Gabriela" last="Gallego Iradi">Maria Gabriela Gallego Iradi</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-antioxidants-03-00439">Chemical Engineering Department, Technical University of Catalonia, Avda. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails:<email>segoviafj@gmail.com</email>
(F.S.G.);<email>sapeisa@yahoo.es</email>
(S.P.S.);<email>maria.gabriela.gallego@upc.edu</email>
(M.G.G.I.);<email>aini.azman@gmail.com</email>
(N.A.M.A.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mohd Azman, Nurul Aini" sort="Mohd Azman, Nurul Aini" uniqKey="Mohd Azman N" first="Nurul Aini" last="Mohd Azman">Nurul Aini Mohd Azman</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-antioxidants-03-00439">Chemical Engineering Department, Technical University of Catalonia, Avda. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails:<email>segoviafj@gmail.com</email>
(F.S.G.);<email>sapeisa@yahoo.es</email>
(S.P.S.);<email>maria.gabriela.gallego@upc.edu</email>
(M.G.G.I.);<email>aini.azman@gmail.com</email>
(N.A.M.A.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Almajano, Maria Pilar" sort="Almajano, Maria Pilar" uniqKey="Almajano M" first="María Pilar" last="Almajano">María Pilar Almajano</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-antioxidants-03-00439">Chemical Engineering Department, Technical University of Catalonia, Avda. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails:<email>segoviafj@gmail.com</email>
(F.S.G.);<email>sapeisa@yahoo.es</email>
(S.P.S.);<email>maria.gabriela.gallego@upc.edu</email>
(M.G.G.I.);<email>aini.azman@gmail.com</email>
(N.A.M.A.)</nlm:aff>
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<date when="2014">2014</date>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Avocado Seeds: Extraction Optimization and Possible Use as Antioxidant in Food</title>
<author><name sortKey="G Mez, Francisco Segovia" sort="G Mez, Francisco Segovia" uniqKey="G Mez F" first="Francisco Segovia" last="G Mez">Francisco Segovia G Mez</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-antioxidants-03-00439">Chemical Engineering Department, Technical University of Catalonia, Avda. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails:<email>segoviafj@gmail.com</email>
(F.S.G.);<email>sapeisa@yahoo.es</email>
(S.P.S.);<email>maria.gabriela.gallego@upc.edu</email>
(M.G.G.I.);<email>aini.azman@gmail.com</email>
(N.A.M.A.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="af2-antioxidants-03-00439">Chemical Engineering Department, Antonio José de Sucre National Experimental Polytechnic University, Avenida Corpahuaico, 3001 Barquisimeto, Venezuela</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Venezuela</country>
<wicri:regionArea>Chemical Engineering Department, Antonio José de Sucre National Experimental Polytechnic University, Avenida Corpahuaico, 3001 Barquisimeto</wicri:regionArea>
<wicri:noRegion>3001 Barquisimeto</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sanchez, Sara Peir" sort="Sanchez, Sara Peir" uniqKey="Sanchez S" first="Sara Peir" last="Sánchez">Sara Peir Sánchez</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-antioxidants-03-00439">Chemical Engineering Department, Technical University of Catalonia, Avda. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails:<email>segoviafj@gmail.com</email>
(F.S.G.);<email>sapeisa@yahoo.es</email>
(S.P.S.);<email>maria.gabriela.gallego@upc.edu</email>
(M.G.G.I.);<email>aini.azman@gmail.com</email>
(N.A.M.A.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gallego Iradi, Maria Gabriela" sort="Gallego Iradi, Maria Gabriela" uniqKey="Gallego Iradi M" first="Maria Gabriela" last="Gallego Iradi">Maria Gabriela Gallego Iradi</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-antioxidants-03-00439">Chemical Engineering Department, Technical University of Catalonia, Avda. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails:<email>segoviafj@gmail.com</email>
(F.S.G.);<email>sapeisa@yahoo.es</email>
(S.P.S.);<email>maria.gabriela.gallego@upc.edu</email>
(M.G.G.I.);<email>aini.azman@gmail.com</email>
(N.A.M.A.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mohd Azman, Nurul Aini" sort="Mohd Azman, Nurul Aini" uniqKey="Mohd Azman N" first="Nurul Aini" last="Mohd Azman">Nurul Aini Mohd Azman</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-antioxidants-03-00439">Chemical Engineering Department, Technical University of Catalonia, Avda. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails:<email>segoviafj@gmail.com</email>
(F.S.G.);<email>sapeisa@yahoo.es</email>
(S.P.S.);<email>maria.gabriela.gallego@upc.edu</email>
(M.G.G.I.);<email>aini.azman@gmail.com</email>
(N.A.M.A.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Almajano, Maria Pilar" sort="Almajano, Maria Pilar" uniqKey="Almajano M" first="María Pilar" last="Almajano">María Pilar Almajano</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-antioxidants-03-00439">Chemical Engineering Department, Technical University of Catalonia, Avda. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails:<email>segoviafj@gmail.com</email>
(F.S.G.);<email>sapeisa@yahoo.es</email>
(S.P.S.);<email>maria.gabriela.gallego@upc.edu</email>
(M.G.G.I.);<email>aini.azman@gmail.com</email>
(N.A.M.A.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Antioxidants</title>
<idno type="eISSN">2076-3921</idno>
<imprint><date when="2014">2014</date>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Consumption of avocado (<italic>Persea americana</italic>
Mill) has increased worldwide in recent years. Part of this food (skin and seed) is lost during processing. However, a high proportion of bioactive substances, such as polyphenols, remain in this residue. The primary objective of this study was to model the extraction of polyphenols from the avocado pits. In addition, a further objective was to use the extract obtained to evaluate the protective power against oxidation in food systems, as for instance oil in water emulsions and meat products. Moreover, the possible synergy between the extracts and egg albumin in the emulsions is discussed. In Response Surface Method (RSM), the variables used are: temperature, time and ethanol concentration. The results are the total polyphenols content (TPC) and the antiradical power measured by Oxygen Radical Antioxidant Capacity (ORAC). In emulsions, the primary oxidation, by Peroxide Value and in fat meat the secondary oxidation, by TBARS (Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), were analyzed. The RSM model has an <italic>R</italic>
<sup>2</sup>
of 94.69 for TPC and 96.7 for ORAC. In emulsions, the inhibition of the oxidation is about 30% for pure extracts and 60% for the combination of extracts with egg albumin. In the meat burger oxidation, the formation of TBARS is avoided by 90%.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Antioxidants (Basel)</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Antioxidants (Basel)</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antioxidants</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Antioxidants</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2076-3921</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>MDPI</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">26784880</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4665478</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.3390/antiox3020439</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">antioxidants-03-00439</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Avocado Seeds: Extraction Optimization and Possible Use as Antioxidant in Food</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gómez</surname>
<given-names>Francisco Segovia</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-antioxidants-03-00439">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2-antioxidants-03-00439">2</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sánchez</surname>
<given-names>Sara Peiró</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-antioxidants-03-00439">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Gallego Iradi</surname>
<given-names>Maria Gabriela</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-antioxidants-03-00439">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mohd Azman</surname>
<given-names>Nurul Aini</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-antioxidants-03-00439">1</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Almajano</surname>
<given-names>María Pilar</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1-antioxidants-03-00439">1</xref>
<xref rid="c1-antioxidants-03-00439" ref-type="corresp">*</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="af1-antioxidants-03-00439"><label>1</label>
Chemical Engineering Department, Technical University of Catalonia, Avda. Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; E-Mails:<email>segoviafj@gmail.com</email>
(F.S.G.);<email>sapeisa@yahoo.es</email>
(S.P.S.);<email>maria.gabriela.gallego@upc.edu</email>
(M.G.G.I.);<email>aini.azman@gmail.com</email>
(N.A.M.A.)</aff>
<aff id="af2-antioxidants-03-00439"><label>2</label>
Chemical Engineering Department, Antonio José de Sucre National Experimental Polytechnic University, Avenida Corpahuaico, 3001 Barquisimeto, Venezuela</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="c1-antioxidants-03-00439"><label>*</label>
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: <email>m.pilar.almajano@upc.edu</email>
; Tel.: +34-934-016-686; Fax: +34-934-017-150.</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day>
<month>6</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="collection"><month>6</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>3</volume>
<issue>2</issue>
<fpage>439</fpage>
<lpage>454</lpage>
<history><date date-type="received"><day>25</day>
<month>2</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
<date date-type="rev-recd"><day>18</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>13</day>
<month>5</month>
<year>2014</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2014</copyright-year>
<license><license-p><pmc-comment>CREATIVE COMMONS</pmc-comment>
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</ext-link>
).</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract><p>Consumption of avocado (<italic>Persea americana</italic>
Mill) has increased worldwide in recent years. Part of this food (skin and seed) is lost during processing. However, a high proportion of bioactive substances, such as polyphenols, remain in this residue. The primary objective of this study was to model the extraction of polyphenols from the avocado pits. In addition, a further objective was to use the extract obtained to evaluate the protective power against oxidation in food systems, as for instance oil in water emulsions and meat products. Moreover, the possible synergy between the extracts and egg albumin in the emulsions is discussed. In Response Surface Method (RSM), the variables used are: temperature, time and ethanol concentration. The results are the total polyphenols content (TPC) and the antiradical power measured by Oxygen Radical Antioxidant Capacity (ORAC). In emulsions, the primary oxidation, by Peroxide Value and in fat meat the secondary oxidation, by TBARS (Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), were analyzed. The RSM model has an <italic>R</italic>
<sup>2</sup>
of 94.69 for TPC and 96.7 for ORAC. In emulsions, the inhibition of the oxidation is about 30% for pure extracts and 60% for the combination of extracts with egg albumin. In the meat burger oxidation, the formation of TBARS is avoided by 90%.</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group><kwd>RSM</kwd>
<kwd>avocado pit</kwd>
<kwd>ORAC</kwd>
<kwd>extraction</kwd>
<kwd>emulsion</kwd>
<kwd>oxidation</kwd>
<kwd>meat</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Venezuela</li>
</country>
</list>
<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Almajano, Maria Pilar" sort="Almajano, Maria Pilar" uniqKey="Almajano M" first="María Pilar" last="Almajano">María Pilar Almajano</name>
<name sortKey="Gallego Iradi, Maria Gabriela" sort="Gallego Iradi, Maria Gabriela" uniqKey="Gallego Iradi M" first="Maria Gabriela" last="Gallego Iradi">Maria Gabriela Gallego Iradi</name>
<name sortKey="Mohd Azman, Nurul Aini" sort="Mohd Azman, Nurul Aini" uniqKey="Mohd Azman N" first="Nurul Aini" last="Mohd Azman">Nurul Aini Mohd Azman</name>
<name sortKey="Sanchez, Sara Peir" sort="Sanchez, Sara Peir" uniqKey="Sanchez S" first="Sara Peir" last="Sánchez">Sara Peir Sánchez</name>
</noCountry>
<country name="Venezuela"><noRegion><name sortKey="G Mez, Francisco Segovia" sort="G Mez, Francisco Segovia" uniqKey="G Mez F" first="Francisco Segovia" last="G Mez">Francisco Segovia G Mez</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>
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