The effects of nitrogen and potassium nutrition on the growth of nonembryogenic and embryogenic tissue of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck)
Identifieur interne : 002055 ( Main/Merge ); précédent : 002054; suivant : 002056The effects of nitrogen and potassium nutrition on the growth of nonembryogenic and embryogenic tissue of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck)
Auteurs : Randall P. Niedz [États-Unis] ; Terence J. Evens [États-Unis]Source :
- BMC Plant Biology [ 1471-2229 ] ; 2008.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Nitrogen Compounds, Potassium.
- chemical : Culture Media.
- embryology : Citrus sinensis.
- growth & development : Citrus sinensis.
- metabolism : Citrus sinensis.
- Cells, Cultured.
Abstract
Mineral nutrients are one of the most basic components of plant tissue culture media. Nitrogen in the form of NH4+ and NO3- is the dominant mineral nutrient in most plant tissue culture formulations, with effects dependent on both the proportion and the amount of NH4+ and NO3-. The effects of nitrogen nutrition on the growth of nonembryogenic and embryogenic cell lines of sweet orange (
First, the linear mixture component, though only a comparison of the design space vertices, was highly significant for both tissue types and showed that NH4+ was required by both tissues. Second, the NH4+ * K+ mixture term was highly significant for both tissue types, revealing that NH4+ and K+ exhibit strong synergistic blending and showed that growth was substantially greater at certain blends of these two ions. Third, though the interaction between the NH4+:K+ mixture and NO3- amount on fresh weight accumulation for both tissue types was significant, it was substantially less than the main effect of the NH4+:K+ mixture. Fourth, a region of the design space was identified where fresh weight growth was increased 198% and 67% over the MS medium controls for nonembryogenic and embryogenic tissues.
By designing a mineral nutrient experiment free of ion confounding, a direct estimation of ion-specific proportional and amount effects on plant tissue growth is possible. When the ions themselves are the independent factors and/or mixture components, the resulting design space can be systematically explored to identify regions where the response(s) is substantially improved over current media formulations. In addition, because the response is over a defined experimental region, a specific medium formulation is more accurately interpreted as a coordinate in the specified design geometry.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-8-126
PubMed: 19087252
PubMed Central: 2639385
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PMC:2639385Le document en format XML
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(L.) Osbeck)</title>
<author><name sortKey="Niedz, Randall P" sort="Niedz, Randall P" uniqKey="Niedz R" first="Randall P" last="Niedz">Randall P. Niedz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, US Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, FL 34945-3030, USA</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country>
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<author><name sortKey="Evens, Terence J" sort="Evens, Terence J" uniqKey="Evens T" first="Terence J" last="Evens">Terence J. Evens</name>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The effects of nitrogen and potassium nutrition on the growth of nonembryogenic and embryogenic tissue of sweet orange (<italic>Citrus sinensis </italic>
(L.) Osbeck)</title>
<author><name sortKey="Niedz, Randall P" sort="Niedz, Randall P" uniqKey="Niedz R" first="Randall P" last="Niedz">Randall P. Niedz</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, US Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, FL 34945-3030, USA</nlm:aff>
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</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Evens, Terence J" sort="Evens, Terence J" uniqKey="Evens T" first="Terence J" last="Evens">Terence J. Evens</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, US Horticultural Research Laboratory, Ft. Pierce, FL 34945-3030, USA</nlm:aff>
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<series><title level="j">BMC Plant Biology</title>
<idno type="eISSN">1471-2229</idno>
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<term>Citrus sinensis (embryology)</term>
<term>Citrus sinensis (growth & development)</term>
<term>Citrus sinensis (metabolism)</term>
<term>Culture Media</term>
<term>Nitrogen Compounds (metabolism)</term>
<term>Potassium (metabolism)</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Nitrogen Compounds</term>
<term>Potassium</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" xml:lang="en"><term>Culture Media</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="embryology" xml:lang="en"><term>Citrus sinensis</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="growth & development" xml:lang="en"><term>Citrus sinensis</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Citrus sinensis</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title>
<p>Mineral nutrients are one of the most basic components of plant tissue culture media. Nitrogen in the form of NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+ </sup>
and NO<sub>3</sub>
<sup>- </sup>
is the dominant mineral nutrient in most plant tissue culture formulations, with effects dependent on both the proportion and the amount of NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+ </sup>
and NO<sub>3</sub>
<sup>-</sup>
. The effects of nitrogen nutrition on the growth of nonembryogenic and embryogenic cell lines of sweet orange (<italic>C. sinensis </italic>
(L.) Osbeck cv. 'Valencia'), tissues routinely used in citrus horticultural and plant improvement research, was explored using an experimental approach free of ion confounding that included a 2-component mixture (NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
:K<sup>+</sup>
) and a quantitative factor [NO<sub>3</sub>
<sup>-</sup>
] crossed by the mixture, thereby providing ion-specific estimates of proportional and amount effects.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Results</title>
<p>First, the linear mixture component, though only a comparison of the design space vertices, was highly significant for both tissue types and showed that NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+ </sup>
was required by both tissues. Second, the NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+ </sup>
* K<sup>+ </sup>
mixture term was highly significant for both tissue types, revealing that NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+ </sup>
and K<sup>+ </sup>
exhibit strong synergistic blending and showed that growth was substantially greater at certain blends of these two ions. Third, though the interaction between the NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
:K<sup>+ </sup>
mixture and NO<sub>3</sub>
<sup>- </sup>
amount on fresh weight accumulation for both tissue types was significant, it was substantially less than the main effect of the NH<sub>4</sub>
<sup>+</sup>
:K<sup>+ </sup>
mixture. Fourth, a region of the design space was identified where fresh weight growth was increased 198% and 67% over the MS medium controls for nonembryogenic and embryogenic tissues.</p>
</sec>
<sec><title>Conclusion</title>
<p>By designing a mineral nutrient experiment free of ion confounding, a direct estimation of ion-specific proportional and amount effects on plant tissue growth is possible. When the ions themselves are the independent factors and/or mixture components, the resulting design space can be systematically explored to identify regions where the response(s) is substantially improved over current media formulations. In addition, because the response is over a defined experimental region, a specific medium formulation is more accurately interpreted as a coordinate in the specified design geometry.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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