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<record>
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<title xml:lang="en">Sustainable utilization and conservation of plant biodiversity in montane ecosystems: the western Himalayas as a case study</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Khan, Shujaul Mulk" sort="Khan, Shujaul Mulk" uniqKey="Khan S" first="Shujaul Mulk" last="Khan">Shujaul Mulk Khan</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1">
<addr-line>Centre for Landscape and Climate Research</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>University of Leicester</addr-line>
,
<country>UK</country>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af5">
<addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>University of Leicester</addr-line>
,
<country>UK</country>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af2">
<addr-line>Department of Botany, Hazara University</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>Mansehra</addr-line>
,
<country>Pakistan</country>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Page, Sue E" sort="Page, Sue E" uniqKey="Page S" first="Sue E." last="Page">Sue E. Page</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af3">
<addr-line>Department of Geography</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>University of Leicester</addr-line>
,
<country>UK</country>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ahmad, Habib" sort="Ahmad, Habib" uniqKey="Ahmad H" first="Habib" last="Ahmad">Habib Ahmad</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af4">
<addr-line>Department of Genetics</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>Hazara University Mansehra</addr-line>
,
<country>Pakistan</country>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Harper, David M" sort="Harper, David M" uniqKey="Harper D" first="David M." last="Harper">David M. Harper</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af5">
<addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>University of Leicester</addr-line>
,
<country>UK</country>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1">
<addr-line>Centre for Landscape and Climate Research</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>University of Leicester</addr-line>
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<country>UK</country>
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<idno type="doi">10.1093/aob/mct125</idno>
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<title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Sustainable utilization and conservation of plant biodiversity in montane ecosystems: the western Himalayas as a case study</title>
<author>
<name sortKey="Khan, Shujaul Mulk" sort="Khan, Shujaul Mulk" uniqKey="Khan S" first="Shujaul Mulk" last="Khan">Shujaul Mulk Khan</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1">
<addr-line>Centre for Landscape and Climate Research</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>University of Leicester</addr-line>
,
<country>UK</country>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af5">
<addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>University of Leicester</addr-line>
,
<country>UK</country>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af2">
<addr-line>Department of Botany, Hazara University</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>Mansehra</addr-line>
,
<country>Pakistan</country>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Page, Sue E" sort="Page, Sue E" uniqKey="Page S" first="Sue E." last="Page">Sue E. Page</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af3">
<addr-line>Department of Geography</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>University of Leicester</addr-line>
,
<country>UK</country>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Ahmad, Habib" sort="Ahmad, Habib" uniqKey="Ahmad H" first="Habib" last="Ahmad">Habib Ahmad</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af4">
<addr-line>Department of Genetics</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>Hazara University Mansehra</addr-line>
,
<country>Pakistan</country>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author>
<name sortKey="Harper, David M" sort="Harper, David M" uniqKey="Harper D" first="David M." last="Harper">David M. Harper</name>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af5">
<addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>University of Leicester</addr-line>
,
<country>UK</country>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation>
<nlm:aff id="af1">
<addr-line>Centre for Landscape and Climate Research</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>University of Leicester</addr-line>
,
<country>UK</country>
</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
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<title level="j">Annals of Botany</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0305-7364</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1095-8290</idno>
<imprint>
<date when="2013">2013</date>
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<sec>
<title>Background</title>
<p>Conservation of the unique biodiversity of mountain ecosystems needs trans-disciplinary approaches to succeed in a crowded colloquial world. Geographers, conservationists, ecologists and social scientists have, in the past, had the same conservation goals but have tended to work independently. In this review, the need to integrate different conservation criteria and methodologies is discussed. New criteria are offered for prioritizing species and habitats for conservation in montane ecosystems that combine both ecological and social data.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Scope</title>
<p>Ecological attributes of plant species, analysed through robust community statistical packages, provide unbiased classifications of species assemblages and environmental biodiversity gradients and yield importance value indices (IVIs). Surveys of local communities’ utilization of the vegetation provides use values (UVs). This review suggests a new means of assessing anthropogenic pressure on plant biodiversity at both species and community levels by integrating IVI and UV data sets in a combined analysis.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusions</title>
<p>Mountain ecosystems are hot spots for plant conservation efforts because they hold a high overall plant diversity as communities replace each other along altitudinal and climatic gradients, including a high proportion of endemic species. This review contributes an enhanced understanding of (1) plant diversity in mountain ecosystems with special reference to the western Himalayas; (2) ethnobotanical and ecosystem service values of mountain vegetation within the context of anthropogenic impacts; and (3) local and regional plant conservation strategies and priorities.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
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<pmc article-type="research-article">
<pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Ann Bot</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Ann. Bot</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">annbot</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">annbot</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Annals of Botany</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0305-7364</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1095-8290</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Oxford University Press</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmid">23825353</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3718215</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/aob/mct125</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">mct125</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Invited Review</subject>
</subj-group>
<subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll">
<subject>1002</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Sustainable utilization and conservation of plant biodiversity in montane ecosystems: the western Himalayas as a case study</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Khan</surname>
<given-names>Shujaul Mulk</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af5">5</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af2">2</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Page</surname>
<given-names>Sue E.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af3">3</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Ahmad</surname>
<given-names>Habib</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af4">4</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Harper</surname>
<given-names>David M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af5">5</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="af1">1</xref>
<xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="af1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Centre for Landscape and Climate Research</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>University of Leicester</addr-line>
,
<country>UK</country>
</aff>
<aff id="af2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Department of Botany, Hazara University</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>Mansehra</addr-line>
,
<country>Pakistan</country>
</aff>
<aff id="af3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Department of Geography</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>University of Leicester</addr-line>
,
<country>UK</country>
</aff>
<aff id="af4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Department of Genetics</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>Hazara University Mansehra</addr-line>
,
<country>Pakistan</country>
</aff>
<aff id="af5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Department of Biology</addr-line>
,
<addr-line>University of Leicester</addr-line>
,
<country>UK</country>
</aff>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="cor1">
<label>*</label>
For correspondence. E-mail
<email>shuja60@gmail.com</email>
or
<email>dmh@le.ac.uk</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<month>8</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>3</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>112</volume>
<issue>3</issue>
<fpage>479</fpage>
<lpage>501</lpage>
<history>
<date date-type="received">
<day>28</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2013</year>
</date>
<date date-type="rev-request">
<day>6</day>
<month>3</month>
<year>2013</year>
</date>
<date date-type="accepted">
<day>17</day>
<month>4</month>
<year>2013</year>
</date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>© The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
</permissions>
<self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="mct125.pdf"></self-uri>
<abstract>
<sec>
<title>Background</title>
<p>Conservation of the unique biodiversity of mountain ecosystems needs trans-disciplinary approaches to succeed in a crowded colloquial world. Geographers, conservationists, ecologists and social scientists have, in the past, had the same conservation goals but have tended to work independently. In this review, the need to integrate different conservation criteria and methodologies is discussed. New criteria are offered for prioritizing species and habitats for conservation in montane ecosystems that combine both ecological and social data.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Scope</title>
<p>Ecological attributes of plant species, analysed through robust community statistical packages, provide unbiased classifications of species assemblages and environmental biodiversity gradients and yield importance value indices (IVIs). Surveys of local communities’ utilization of the vegetation provides use values (UVs). This review suggests a new means of assessing anthropogenic pressure on plant biodiversity at both species and community levels by integrating IVI and UV data sets in a combined analysis.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusions</title>
<p>Mountain ecosystems are hot spots for plant conservation efforts because they hold a high overall plant diversity as communities replace each other along altitudinal and climatic gradients, including a high proportion of endemic species. This review contributes an enhanced understanding of (1) plant diversity in mountain ecosystems with special reference to the western Himalayas; (2) ethnobotanical and ecosystem service values of mountain vegetation within the context of anthropogenic impacts; and (3) local and regional plant conservation strategies and priorities.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>Anthropogenic impacts</kwd>
<kwd>conservation</kwd>
<kwd>ecosystem services</kwd>
<kwd>montane ecosystems</kwd>
<kwd>plant biodiversity</kwd>
<kwd>sustainable utilisation</kwd>
<kwd>western Himalayas</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>

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