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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The future role of rectal and vaginal microbicides to prevent HIV infection in heterosexual populations: implications for product development and prevention</title><author><name sortKey="Boily, Marie Claude" sort="Boily, Marie Claude" uniqKey="Boily M" first="Marie-Claude" last="Boily">Marie-Claude Boily</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dimitrov, Dobromir" sort="Dimitrov, Dobromir" uniqKey="Dimitrov D" first="Dobromir" last="Dimitrov">Dobromir Dimitrov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Vaccine & Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, U.S.A</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karim, Salim S Abdool" sort="Karim, Salim S Abdool" uniqKey="Karim S" first="Salim S Abdool" last="Karim">Salim S Abdool Karim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">CAPRISA: Centre for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Masse, Benoit" sort="Masse, Benoit" uniqKey="Masse B" first="Benoît" last="Mâsse">Benoît Mâsse</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Vaccine & Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, U.S.A</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">22110117</idno><idno type="pmc">3332062</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3332062</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3332062</idno><idno type="doi">10.1136/sextrans-2011-050184</idno><date when="2011">2011</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002036</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002036</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The future role of rectal and vaginal microbicides to prevent HIV infection in heterosexual populations: implications for product development and prevention</title><author><name sortKey="Boily, Marie Claude" sort="Boily, Marie Claude" uniqKey="Boily M" first="Marie-Claude" last="Boily">Marie-Claude Boily</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dimitrov, Dobromir" sort="Dimitrov, Dobromir" uniqKey="Dimitrov D" first="Dobromir" last="Dimitrov">Dobromir Dimitrov</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Vaccine & Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, U.S.A</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karim, Salim S Abdool" sort="Karim, Salim S Abdool" uniqKey="Karim S" first="Salim S Abdool" last="Karim">Salim S Abdool Karim</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">CAPRISA: Centre for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Masse, Benoit" sort="Masse, Benoit" uniqKey="Masse B" first="Benoît" last="Mâsse">Benoît Mâsse</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Vaccine & Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, U.S.A</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Sexually Transmitted Infections</title><idno type="ISSN">1368-4973</idno><idno type="eISSN">1472-3263</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Objectives</title><p id="P1">To compare the potential impact of rectal(RMB), vaginal(VMB) and bi-compartment(RVMB) (applied vaginally and protective during vaginal and anal intercourse) microbicides to prevent HIV in various heterosexual populations. To understand when a RMB is as useful than a VMB for females practicing anal intercourse(AI).</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title><p id="P2">Mathematical model was used to assess the population-level impact (cumulative fraction of new HIV infections prevented(CFP)) of the 3 different microbicides in various intervention scenarios and prevalence settings. We derived the break-even RMB efficacy required to reduce a female’s cumulative risk of HIV infection by the same amount than a VMB.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Results</title><p id="P3">Under optimistic coverage (fast roll-out, 100% uptake), a 50% efficacious VMB used in 75% of sex acts in population without AI may prevent ~33%[27,42%] new total (males and females combined) HIV infections over 25 years. The 25-year CFP reduces to ~25%[20,32%] and 17% [13,23%] if uptake decreases to 75% and 50%, respectively. Similar loss of impact (by 25–50%) is observed if the same VMB is introduced in populations with 5–10% AI and for RR<sub>RAI</sub>=4–20. A RMB is as useful as a VMB (i.e. break-even) in populations with 5% AI if RR<sub>RAI</sub>=20, and in populations with 15–20% AI if RR<sub>RAI</sub>=4, independently of adherence as long as it is the same with both products. The 10-year CFP with a RVMB is 2-fold larger than for a VMB or RMB when AI=10% and RR<sub>RAI</sub>=10.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Conclusion</title><p id="P4">Even low AI frequency can compromise the impact of VMB interventions. RMB and RVMB will be important prevention tools for heterosexual populations.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">9805554</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">21009</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Sex Transm Infect</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Sex Transm Infect</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Sexually Transmitted Infections</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1368-4973</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1472-3263</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">22110117</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3332062</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1136/sextrans-2011-050184</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS362815</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The future role of rectal and vaginal microbicides to prevent HIV infection in heterosexual populations: implications for product development and prevention</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Boily</surname><given-names>Marie-Claude</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Dimitrov</surname><given-names>Dobromir</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">b</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Karim</surname><given-names>Salim S Abdool</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">c</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mâsse</surname><given-names>Benoît</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">b</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">d</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>a</label>Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK</aff><aff id="A2"><label>b</label>Vaccine & Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, U.S.A</aff><aff id="A3"><label>c</label>CAPRISA: Centre for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa</aff><aff id="A4"><label>d</label>CHU Sainte-Justine Research Centre, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada</aff><author-notes><corresp id="FN1">Corresponding author: Marie-Claude Boily, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, St Mary’s Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London W2 1PG, Tel: 0207 594 3263, <email>mc.boily@imperial.ac.uk</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>20</day><month>3</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>12</month><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>22</day><month>4</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>87</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>646</fpage><lpage>653</lpage><abstract><sec id="S1"><title>Objectives</title><p id="P1">To compare the potential impact of rectal(RMB), vaginal(VMB) and bi-compartment(RVMB) (applied vaginally and protective during vaginal and anal intercourse) microbicides to prevent HIV in various heterosexual populations. To understand when a RMB is as useful than a VMB for females practicing anal intercourse(AI).</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Methods</title><p id="P2">Mathematical model was used to assess the population-level impact (cumulative fraction of new HIV infections prevented(CFP)) of the 3 different microbicides in various intervention scenarios and prevalence settings. We derived the break-even RMB efficacy required to reduce a female’s cumulative risk of HIV infection by the same amount than a VMB.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Results</title><p id="P3">Under optimistic coverage (fast roll-out, 100% uptake), a 50% efficacious VMB used in 75% of sex acts in population without AI may prevent ~33%[27,42%] new total (males and females combined) HIV infections over 25 years. The 25-year CFP reduces to ~25%[20,32%] and 17% [13,23%] if uptake decreases to 75% and 50%, respectively. Similar loss of impact (by 25–50%) is observed if the same VMB is introduced in populations with 5–10% AI and for RR<sub>RAI</sub>=4–20. A RMB is as useful as a VMB (i.e. break-even) in populations with 5% AI if RR<sub>RAI</sub>=20, and in populations with 15–20% AI if RR<sub>RAI</sub>=4, independently of adherence as long as it is the same with both products. The 10-year CFP with a RVMB is 2-fold larger than for a VMB or RMB when AI=10% and RR<sub>RAI</sub>=10.</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Conclusion</title><p id="P4">Even low AI frequency can compromise the impact of VMB interventions. RMB and RVMB will be important prevention tools for heterosexual populations.</p></sec></abstract></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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