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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">A comparison of HIV/AIDS-related stigma in four countries: Negative attitudes and perceived acts of discrimination towards people living with HIV/AIDS<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">☆</xref></title><author><name sortKey="Genberg, Becky L" sort="Genberg, Becky L" uniqKey="Genberg B" first="Becky L." last="Genberg">Becky L. Genberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1"> Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hlavka, Zdenek" sort="Hlavka, Zdenek" uniqKey="Hlavka Z" first="Zdenek" last="Hlavka">Zdenek Hlavka</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2"> Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Konda, Kelika A" sort="Konda, Kelika A" uniqKey="Konda K" first="Kelika A." last="Konda">Kelika A. Konda</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1"> Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maman, Suzanne" sort="Maman, Suzanne" uniqKey="Maman S" first="Suzanne" last="Maman">Suzanne Maman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3"> The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chariyalertsak, Suwat" sort="Chariyalertsak, Suwat" uniqKey="Chariyalertsak S" first="Suwat" last="Chariyalertsak">Suwat Chariyalertsak</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4"> Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chingono, Alfred" sort="Chingono, Alfred" uniqKey="Chingono A" first="Alfred" last="Chingono">Alfred Chingono</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5"> University of Zimbabwe School of Medicine, Harare, Zimbabwe</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mbwambo, Jessie" sort="Mbwambo, Jessie" uniqKey="Mbwambo J" first="Jessie" last="Mbwambo">Jessie Mbwambo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6"> Muhimbili University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Modiba, Precious" sort="Modiba, Precious" uniqKey="Modiba P" first="Precious" last="Modiba">Precious Modiba</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7"> University of the Witwatersrand/Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Soweto, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Rooyen, Heidi" sort="Van Rooyen, Heidi" uniqKey="Van Rooyen H" first="Heidi" last="Van Rooyen">Heidi Van Rooyen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8"> Human Sciences Research Council, Durban, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Celentano, David D" sort="Celentano, David D" uniqKey="Celentano D" first="David D." last="Celentano">David D. Celentano</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9"> Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Rm. E6547, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">19427086</idno><idno type="pmc">4029331</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4029331</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4029331</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.04.005</idno><date when="2009">2009</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001C50</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001C50</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">A comparison of HIV/AIDS-related stigma in four countries: Negative attitudes and perceived acts of discrimination towards people living with HIV/AIDS<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">☆</xref></title><author><name sortKey="Genberg, Becky L" sort="Genberg, Becky L" uniqKey="Genberg B" first="Becky L." last="Genberg">Becky L. Genberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1"> Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hlavka, Zdenek" sort="Hlavka, Zdenek" uniqKey="Hlavka Z" first="Zdenek" last="Hlavka">Zdenek Hlavka</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2"> Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Konda, Kelika A" sort="Konda, Kelika A" uniqKey="Konda K" first="Kelika A." last="Konda">Kelika A. Konda</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1"> Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Maman, Suzanne" sort="Maman, Suzanne" uniqKey="Maman S" first="Suzanne" last="Maman">Suzanne Maman</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3"> The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chariyalertsak, Suwat" sort="Chariyalertsak, Suwat" uniqKey="Chariyalertsak S" first="Suwat" last="Chariyalertsak">Suwat Chariyalertsak</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4"> Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chingono, Alfred" sort="Chingono, Alfred" uniqKey="Chingono A" first="Alfred" last="Chingono">Alfred Chingono</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5"> University of Zimbabwe School of Medicine, Harare, Zimbabwe</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mbwambo, Jessie" sort="Mbwambo, Jessie" uniqKey="Mbwambo J" first="Jessie" last="Mbwambo">Jessie Mbwambo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6"> Muhimbili University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Modiba, Precious" sort="Modiba, Precious" uniqKey="Modiba P" first="Precious" last="Modiba">Precious Modiba</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7"> University of the Witwatersrand/Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Soweto, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Rooyen, Heidi" sort="Van Rooyen, Heidi" uniqKey="Van Rooyen H" first="Heidi" last="Van Rooyen">Heidi Van Rooyen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8"> Human Sciences Research Council, Durban, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Celentano, David D" sort="Celentano, David D" uniqKey="Celentano D" first="David D." last="Celentano">David D. Celentano</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9"> Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Rm. E6547, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Social science & medicine (1982)</title><idno type="ISSN">0277-9536</idno><idno type="eISSN">1873-5347</idno><imprint><date when="2009">2009</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination have a substantial impact on people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA). The objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the associations of two constructs of HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination (negative attitudes towards PLHA and perceived acts of discrimination towards PLHA) with previous history of HIV testing, knowledge of antiretroviral therapies (ARVs) and communication regarding HIV/AIDS and (2) to compare these two constructs across the five research sites with respect to differing levels of HIV prevalence and ARV coverage, using data presented from the baseline survey of U.S. National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Project Accept, a four-country HIV prevention trial in Sub-Saharan Africa (Tanzania, Zimbabwe and South Africa) and northern Thailand. A household probability sample of 14,203 participants completed a survey including a scale measuring HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination. Logistic regression models determined the associations between negative attitudes and perceived discrimination with individual history of HIV testing, knowledge of ARVs and communication regarding HIV/AIDS. Spearman's correlation coefficients determined the relationships between negative attitudes and perceived discrimination and HIV prevalence and ARV coverage at the site-level. Negative attitudes were related to never having tested for HIV, lacking knowledge of ARVs, and never having discussed HIV/AIDS. More negative attitudes were found in sites with the lowest HIV prevalence (i.e., Tanzania and Thailand) and more perceived discrimination against PLHA was found in sites with the lowest ARV coverage (i.e., Tanzania and Zimbabwe). Programs that promote widespread HIV testing and discussion of HIV/AIDS, as well as education regarding and universal access to ARVs, may reduce HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">8303205</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">7517</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Soc Sci Med</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Soc Sci Med</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Social science & medicine (1982)</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0277-9536</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1873-5347</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">19427086</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4029331</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.04.005</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS212454</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>A comparison of HIV/AIDS-related stigma in four countries: Negative attitudes and perceived acts of discrimination towards people living with HIV/AIDS<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">☆</xref></article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Genberg</surname><given-names>Becky L.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hlavka</surname><given-names>Zdenek</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">b</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Konda</surname><given-names>Kelika A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">a</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Maman</surname><given-names>Suzanne</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">c</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chariyalertsak</surname><given-names>Suwat</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">d</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Chingono</surname><given-names>Alfred</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">e</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mbwambo</surname><given-names>Jessie</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6">f</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Modiba</surname><given-names>Precious</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7">g</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Van Rooyen</surname><given-names>Heidi</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A8">h</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Celentano</surname><given-names>David D.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A9">i</xref><xref rid="FN1" ref-type="author-notes">*</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>a</label> Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD USA</aff><aff id="A2"><label>b</label> Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic</aff><aff id="A3"><label>c</label> The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA</aff><aff id="A4"><label>d</label> Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand</aff><aff id="A5"><label>e</label> University of Zimbabwe School of Medicine, Harare, Zimbabwe</aff><aff id="A6"><label>f</label> Muhimbili University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania</aff><aff id="A7"><label>g</label> University of the Witwatersrand/Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Soweto, South Africa</aff><aff id="A8"><label>h</label> Human Sciences Research Council, Durban, South Africa</aff><aff id="A9"><label>i</label> Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Rm. E6547, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA</aff><author-notes><corresp id="FN1"><label>*</label> Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 410 955 1356; fax: +1 410 955 1383. <email>dcelenta@jhsph.edu</email> (D.D. Celentano)</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>22</day><month>6</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>5</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>6</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>21</day><month>5</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>68</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>2279</fpage><lpage>2287</lpage><pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.04.005</pmc-comment>
<abstract><p id="P1">HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination have a substantial impact on people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA). The objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the associations of two constructs of HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination (negative attitudes towards PLHA and perceived acts of discrimination towards PLHA) with previous history of HIV testing, knowledge of antiretroviral therapies (ARVs) and communication regarding HIV/AIDS and (2) to compare these two constructs across the five research sites with respect to differing levels of HIV prevalence and ARV coverage, using data presented from the baseline survey of U.S. National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Project Accept, a four-country HIV prevention trial in Sub-Saharan Africa (Tanzania, Zimbabwe and South Africa) and northern Thailand. A household probability sample of 14,203 participants completed a survey including a scale measuring HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination. Logistic regression models determined the associations between negative attitudes and perceived discrimination with individual history of HIV testing, knowledge of ARVs and communication regarding HIV/AIDS. Spearman's correlation coefficients determined the relationships between negative attitudes and perceived discrimination and HIV prevalence and ARV coverage at the site-level. Negative attitudes were related to never having tested for HIV, lacking knowledge of ARVs, and never having discussed HIV/AIDS. More negative attitudes were found in sites with the lowest HIV prevalence (i.e., Tanzania and Thailand) and more perceived discrimination against PLHA was found in sites with the lowest ARV coverage (i.e., Tanzania and Zimbabwe). Programs that promote widespread HIV testing and discussion of HIV/AIDS, as well as education regarding and universal access to ARVs, may reduce HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Sub-Saharan Africa</kwd><kwd>Thailand</kwd><kwd>HIV/AIDS</kwd><kwd>Stigma</kwd><kwd>Discrimination</kwd><kwd>Tanzania</kwd><kwd>Zimbabwe</kwd><kwd>South Africa</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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