Management of Noncommunicable Disease in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Identifieur interne : 001A94 ( Pmc/Corpus ); précédent : 001A93; suivant : 001A95Management of Noncommunicable Disease in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Auteurs : William Checkley ; Hassen Ghannem ; Vilma Irazola ; Sylvester Kimaiyo ; Naomi S. Levitt ; J. Jaime Miranda ; Louis Niessen ; Dorairaj Prabhakaran ; Cristina Rabadán-Diehl ; Manuel Ramirez-Zea ; Adolfo Rubinstein ; Alben Sigamani ; Richard Smith ; Nikhil Tandon ; Yangfeng Wu ; Denis Xavier ; Lijing L. YanSource :
- Global heart [ 2211-8160 ] ; 2014.
Abstract
Noncommunicable disease (NCD), comprising cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, are increasing in incidence rapidly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Some patients have access to the same treatments available in high-income countries, but most do not, and different strategies are needed. Most research on noncommunicable diseases has been conducted in high-income countries, but the need for research in LMICs has been recognized. LMICs can learn from high-income countries, but they need to devise their own systems that emphasize primary care, the use of community health workers, and sometimes the use of mobile technology. The World Health Organization has identified “best buys” it advocates as interventions in LMICs. Non-laboratory-based risk scores can be used to identify those at high risk. Targeting interventions to those at high risk for developing diabetes has been shown to work in LMICs. Indoor cooking with biomass fuels is an important cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in LMICs, and improved cookstoves with chimneys may be effective in the prevention of chronic diseases.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2014.11.003
PubMed: 25592798
PubMed Central: 4299752
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PMC:4299752Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Management of Noncommunicable Disease in Low- and Middle-Income Countries</title><author><name sortKey="Checkley, William" sort="Checkley, William" uniqKey="Checkley W" first="William" last="Checkley">William Checkley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Program in Global Disease Epidemiology and Control, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">CRONICAS Center of Excellence for Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ghannem, Hassen" sort="Ghannem, Hassen" uniqKey="Ghannem H" first="Hassen" last="Ghannem">Hassen Ghannem</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Epidemiology, Chronic Disease Prevention Research Centre, University Hospital Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Irazola, Vilma" sort="Irazola, Vilma" uniqKey="Irazola V" first="Vilma" last="Irazola">Vilma Irazola</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Centro de Excelencia en Salud Cardiovascular para el Cono Sur (CESCAS), Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kimaiyo, Sylvester" sort="Kimaiyo, Sylvester" uniqKey="Kimaiyo S" first="Sylvester" last="Kimaiyo">Sylvester Kimaiyo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">AMPATH, Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levitt, Naomi S" sort="Levitt, Naomi S" uniqKey="Levitt N" first="Naomi S." last="Levitt">Naomi S. Levitt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Chronic Disease Initiative for Africa (CDIA), Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Division of Diabetic Medicine and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miranda, J Jaime" sort="Miranda, J Jaime" uniqKey="Miranda J" first="J. Jaime" last="Miranda">J. Jaime Miranda</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">CRONICAS Center of Excellence for Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Niessen, Louis" sort="Niessen, Louis" uniqKey="Niessen L" first="Louis" last="Niessen">Louis Niessen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Centre for Control of Chronic Diseases (CCCD), International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Centre for Applied Health Research and Delivery, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prabhakaran, Dorairaj" sort="Prabhakaran, Dorairaj" uniqKey="Prabhakaran D" first="Dorairaj" last="Prabhakaran">Dorairaj Prabhakaran</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Centre of Excellence in Cardio-Metabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rabadan Diehl, Cristina" sort="Rabadan Diehl, Cristina" uniqKey="Rabadan Diehl C" first="Cristina" last="Rabadán-Diehl">Cristina Rabadán-Diehl</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Office of Global Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Office of Global Affairs, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramirez Zea, Manuel" sort="Ramirez Zea, Manuel" uniqKey="Ramirez Zea M" first="Manuel" last="Ramirez-Zea">Manuel Ramirez-Zea</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases (CIIPEC), Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP), Guatemala City, Guatemala</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rubinstein, Adolfo" sort="Rubinstein, Adolfo" uniqKey="Rubinstein A" first="Adolfo" last="Rubinstein">Adolfo Rubinstein</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Centro de Excelencia en Salud Cardiovascular para el Cono Sur (CESCAS), Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sigamani, Alben" sort="Sigamani, Alben" uniqKey="Sigamani A" first="Alben" last="Sigamani">Alben Sigamani</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">St. John's Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Richard" sort="Smith, Richard" uniqKey="Smith R" first="Richard" last="Smith">Richard Smith</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Chronic Disease Initiative, UnitedHealth Group, London, United Kingdom</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tandon, Nikhil" sort="Tandon, Nikhil" uniqKey="Tandon N" first="Nikhil" last="Tandon">Nikhil Tandon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Department of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Yangfeng" sort="Wu, Yangfeng" uniqKey="Wu Y" first="Yangfeng" last="Wu">Yangfeng Wu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Peking University School of Public Health and Clinical Research Institute, Beijing, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xavier, Denis" sort="Xavier, Denis" uniqKey="Xavier D" first="Denis" last="Xavier">Denis Xavier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">St. John's Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yan, Lijing L" sort="Yan, Lijing L" uniqKey="Yan L" first="Lijing L." last="Yan">Lijing L. Yan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Duke Global Health Institute and Global Heath Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25592798</idno><idno type="pmc">4299752</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4299752</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4299752</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.gheart.2014.11.003</idno><date when="2014">2014</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001A94</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001A94</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Management of Noncommunicable Disease in Low- and Middle-Income Countries</title><author><name sortKey="Checkley, William" sort="Checkley, William" uniqKey="Checkley W" first="William" last="Checkley">William Checkley</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Program in Global Disease Epidemiology and Control, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">CRONICAS Center of Excellence for Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ghannem, Hassen" sort="Ghannem, Hassen" uniqKey="Ghannem H" first="Hassen" last="Ghannem">Hassen Ghannem</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Epidemiology, Chronic Disease Prevention Research Centre, University Hospital Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Irazola, Vilma" sort="Irazola, Vilma" uniqKey="Irazola V" first="Vilma" last="Irazola">Vilma Irazola</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Centro de Excelencia en Salud Cardiovascular para el Cono Sur (CESCAS), Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kimaiyo, Sylvester" sort="Kimaiyo, Sylvester" uniqKey="Kimaiyo S" first="Sylvester" last="Kimaiyo">Sylvester Kimaiyo</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">AMPATH, Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Levitt, Naomi S" sort="Levitt, Naomi S" uniqKey="Levitt N" first="Naomi S." last="Levitt">Naomi S. Levitt</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A8">Chronic Disease Initiative for Africa (CDIA), Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A9">Division of Diabetic Medicine and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miranda, J Jaime" sort="Miranda, J Jaime" uniqKey="Miranda J" first="J. Jaime" last="Miranda">J. Jaime Miranda</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">CRONICAS Center of Excellence for Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A10">Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Niessen, Louis" sort="Niessen, Louis" uniqKey="Niessen L" first="Louis" last="Niessen">Louis Niessen</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A11">Centre for Control of Chronic Diseases (CCCD), International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A12">Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A13">Centre for Applied Health Research and Delivery, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Prabhakaran, Dorairaj" sort="Prabhakaran, Dorairaj" uniqKey="Prabhakaran D" first="Dorairaj" last="Prabhakaran">Dorairaj Prabhakaran</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A14">Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A15">Centre of Excellence in Cardio-Metabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rabadan Diehl, Cristina" sort="Rabadan Diehl, Cristina" uniqKey="Rabadan Diehl C" first="Cristina" last="Rabadán-Diehl">Cristina Rabadán-Diehl</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A16">Office of Global Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A17">Office of Global Affairs, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, USA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramirez Zea, Manuel" sort="Ramirez Zea, Manuel" uniqKey="Ramirez Zea M" first="Manuel" last="Ramirez-Zea">Manuel Ramirez-Zea</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A18">INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases (CIIPEC), Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP), Guatemala City, Guatemala</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rubinstein, Adolfo" sort="Rubinstein, Adolfo" uniqKey="Rubinstein A" first="Adolfo" last="Rubinstein">Adolfo Rubinstein</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Centro de Excelencia en Salud Cardiovascular para el Cono Sur (CESCAS), Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sigamani, Alben" sort="Sigamani, Alben" uniqKey="Sigamani A" first="Alben" last="Sigamani">Alben Sigamani</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">St. John's Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Smith, Richard" sort="Smith, Richard" uniqKey="Smith R" first="Richard" last="Smith">Richard Smith</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A20">Chronic Disease Initiative, UnitedHealth Group, London, United Kingdom</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tandon, Nikhil" sort="Tandon, Nikhil" uniqKey="Tandon N" first="Nikhil" last="Tandon">Nikhil Tandon</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A21">Department of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Yangfeng" sort="Wu, Yangfeng" uniqKey="Wu Y" first="Yangfeng" last="Wu">Yangfeng Wu</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A23">Peking University School of Public Health and Clinical Research Institute, Beijing, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xavier, Denis" sort="Xavier, Denis" uniqKey="Xavier D" first="Denis" last="Xavier">Denis Xavier</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A19">St. John's Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Yan, Lijing L" sort="Yan, Lijing L" uniqKey="Yan L" first="Lijing L." last="Yan">Lijing L. Yan</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A22">The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A24">Duke Global Health Institute and Global Heath Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Global heart</title><idno type="ISSN">2211-8160</idno><idno type="eISSN">2211-8179</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">Noncommunicable disease (NCD), comprising cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, are increasing in incidence rapidly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Some patients have access to the same treatments available in high-income countries, but most do not, and different strategies are needed. Most research on noncommunicable diseases has been conducted in high-income countries, but the need for research in LMICs has been recognized. LMICs can learn from high-income countries, but they need to devise their own systems that emphasize primary care, the use of community health workers, and sometimes the use of mobile technology. The World Health Organization has identified “best buys” it advocates as interventions in LMICs. Non-laboratory-based risk scores can be used to identify those at high risk. Targeting interventions to those at high risk for developing diabetes has been shown to work in LMICs. Indoor cooking with biomass fuels is an important cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in LMICs, and improved cookstoves with chimneys may be effective in the prevention of chronic diseases.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">101584391</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">40494</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Glob Heart</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">Glob Heart</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Global heart</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2211-8160</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2211-8179</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25592798</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4299752</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.gheart.2014.11.003</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS647522</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Management of Noncommunicable Disease in Low- and Middle-Income Countries</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Checkley</surname><given-names>William</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">*</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">†</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">‡</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ghannem</surname><given-names>Hassen</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">§</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Irazola</surname><given-names>Vilma</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">‖</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Kimaiyo</surname><given-names>Sylvester</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6">¶</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7">#</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Levitt</surname><given-names>Naomi S.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A8">**</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A9">††</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Miranda</surname><given-names>J. Jaime</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">‡</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A10">‡‡</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Niessen</surname><given-names>Louis</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A11">§§</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A12">‖‖</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A13">¶¶</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Prabhakaran</surname><given-names>Dorairaj</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A14">##</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A15">***</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rabadán-Diehl</surname><given-names>Cristina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A16">†††</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A17">‡‡‡</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ramirez-Zea</surname><given-names>Manuel</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A18">§§§</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Rubinstein</surname><given-names>Adolfo</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">‖</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sigamani</surname><given-names>Alben</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A19">‖‖‖</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Smith</surname><given-names>Richard</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A20">¶¶¶</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tandon</surname><given-names>Nikhil</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A21">###</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Wu</surname><given-names>Yangfeng</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A22">****</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A23">††††</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Xavier</surname><given-names>Denis</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A19">‖‖‖</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Yan</surname><given-names>Lijing L.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A22">****</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A24">‡‡‡‡</xref></contrib><on-behalf-of>for the GRAND South Network, UnitedHealth Group/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Centers of Excellence</on-behalf-of></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>*</label>Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA</aff><aff id="A2"><label>†</label>Program in Global Disease Epidemiology and Control, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA</aff><aff id="A3"><label>‡</label>CRONICAS Center of Excellence for Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru</aff><aff id="A4"><label>§</label>Department of Epidemiology, Chronic Disease Prevention Research Centre, University Hospital Farhat Hached, Sousse, Tunisia</aff><aff id="A5"><label>‖</label>Centro de Excelencia en Salud Cardiovascular para el Cono Sur (CESCAS), Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS), Buenos Aires, Argentina</aff><aff id="A6"><label>¶</label>AMPATH, Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret, Kenya</aff><aff id="A7"><label>#</label>Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya</aff><aff id="A8"><label>**</label>Chronic Disease Initiative for Africa (CDIA), Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa</aff><aff id="A9"><label>††</label>Division of Diabetic Medicine and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa</aff><aff id="A10"><label>‡‡</label>Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru</aff><aff id="A11"><label>§§</label>Centre for Control of Chronic Diseases (CCCD), International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh</aff><aff id="A12"><label>‖‖</label>Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA</aff><aff id="A13"><label>¶¶</label>Centre for Applied Health Research and Delivery, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom</aff><aff id="A14"><label>##</label>Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India</aff><aff id="A15"><label>***</label>Centre of Excellence in Cardio-Metabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India</aff><aff id="A16"><label>†††</label>Office of Global Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA</aff><aff id="A17"><label>‡‡‡</label>Office of Global Affairs, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, USA</aff><aff id="A18"><label>§§§</label>INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases (CIIPEC), Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP), Guatemala City, Guatemala</aff><aff id="A19"><label>‖‖‖</label>St. John's Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, India</aff><aff id="A20"><label>¶¶¶</label>Chronic Disease Initiative, UnitedHealth Group, London, United Kingdom</aff><aff id="A21"><label>###</label>Department of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India</aff><aff id="A22"><label>****</label>The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China</aff><aff id="A23"><label>††††</label>Peking University School of Public Health and Clinical Research Institute, Beijing, China</aff><aff id="A24"><label>‡‡‡‡</label>Duke Global Health Institute and Global Heath Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China</aff><author-notes><corresp id="FN1">Correspondence: J.J. Miranda; R. Smith (<email>Jaime.Miranda@upch.pe</email> or <email>richardswsmith@yahoo.co.uk</email>)</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>12</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>431</fpage><lpage>443</lpage><pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1016/j.gheart.2014.11.003</pmc-comment>
<permissions><copyright-statement>© 2014 World Heart Federation (Geneva). Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year></permissions><abstract><p id="P1">Noncommunicable disease (NCD), comprising cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, are increasing in incidence rapidly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Some patients have access to the same treatments available in high-income countries, but most do not, and different strategies are needed. Most research on noncommunicable diseases has been conducted in high-income countries, but the need for research in LMICs has been recognized. LMICs can learn from high-income countries, but they need to devise their own systems that emphasize primary care, the use of community health workers, and sometimes the use of mobile technology. The World Health Organization has identified “best buys” it advocates as interventions in LMICs. Non-laboratory-based risk scores can be used to identify those at high risk. Targeting interventions to those at high risk for developing diabetes has been shown to work in LMICs. Indoor cooking with biomass fuels is an important cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in LMICs, and improved cookstoves with chimneys may be effective in the prevention of chronic diseases.</p></abstract></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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