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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Unresolved Antiretroviral Treatment Management Issues in HIV-Infected Children</title><author><name sortKey="Heidari, Shirin" sort="Heidari, Shirin" uniqKey="Heidari S" first="Shirin" last="Heidari">Shirin Heidari</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Research Promotion, International AIDS Society, Geneva, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mofenson, Lynne M" sort="Mofenson, Lynne M" uniqKey="Mofenson L" first="Lynne M." last="Mofenson">Lynne M. Mofenson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Pediatric, Adolescent and Maternal AIDS Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hobbs, Charlotte V" sort="Hobbs, Charlotte V" uniqKey="Hobbs C" first="Charlotte V." last="Hobbs">Charlotte V. Hobbs</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cotton, Mark F" sort="Cotton, Mark F" uniqKey="Cotton M" first="Mark F." last="Cotton">Mark F. Cotton</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Children’s Hospital, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marlink, Richard" sort="Marlink, Richard" uniqKey="Marlink R" first="Richard" last="Marlink">Richard Marlink</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, Los Angeles, CA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Katabira, Elly" sort="Katabira, Elly" uniqKey="Katabira E" first="Elly" last="Katabira">Elly Katabira</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">22138766</idno><idno type="pmc">4825866</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4825866</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4825866</idno><idno type="doi">10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182427029</idno><date when="2012">2012</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001902</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001902</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Unresolved Antiretroviral Treatment Management Issues in HIV-Infected Children</title><author><name sortKey="Heidari, Shirin" sort="Heidari, Shirin" uniqKey="Heidari S" first="Shirin" last="Heidari">Shirin Heidari</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Research Promotion, International AIDS Society, Geneva, Switzerland</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mofenson, Lynne M" sort="Mofenson, Lynne M" uniqKey="Mofenson L" first="Lynne M." last="Mofenson">Lynne M. Mofenson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Pediatric, Adolescent and Maternal AIDS Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hobbs, Charlotte V" sort="Hobbs, Charlotte V" uniqKey="Hobbs C" first="Charlotte V." last="Hobbs">Charlotte V. Hobbs</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cotton, Mark F" sort="Cotton, Mark F" uniqKey="Cotton M" first="Mark F." last="Cotton">Mark F. Cotton</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Children’s Hospital, South Africa</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Marlink, Richard" sort="Marlink, Richard" uniqKey="Marlink R" first="Richard" last="Marlink">Richard Marlink</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A5">Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A6">Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, Los Angeles, CA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Katabira, Elly" sort="Katabira, Elly" uniqKey="Katabira E" first="Elly" last="Katabira">Elly Katabira</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A7">Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)</title><idno type="ISSN">1525-4135</idno><idno type="eISSN">1944-7884</idno><imprint><date when="2012">2012</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">Antiretroviral therapy in children has expanded dramatically in low-income and middle-income countries. The World Health Organization revised its pediatric HIV guidelines to recommend initiation of antiretroviral therapy in all HIV-infected children younger than 2 years, regardless of CD4 count or clinical stage. The number of children starting life-long antiretroviral therapy should therefore expand dramatically over time. The early initiation of antiretroviral therapy has indisputable benefits for children, but there is a paucity of definitive information on the potential adverse effects. In this review, a comprehensive literature search was conducted to provide an overview of our knowledge about the complications of treating pediatric HIV.</p><p id="P2">Antiretroviral therapy in children, as in adults, is associated with enhanced survival, reduction in opportunistic infections, improved growth and neurocognitive function, and better quality of life. Despite antiretroviral therapy, HIV-infected children may continue to lag behind their uninfected peers in growth and development. In addition, epidemic concurrent conditions, such as tuberculosis, malaria, and malnutrition, can combine with HIV to yield more rapid disease progression and poor treatment outcomes.</p><p id="P3">Additional studies are required to evaluate the long-term effects of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected infants, children, and adolescents, particularly in resource-limited countries where concomitant infections and conditions may enhance the risk of adverse effects. There is an urgent need to evaluate drug–drug interactions in children to determine optimal treatment regimens for both HIV and coinfections.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">100892005</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">21821</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr.</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1525-4135</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1944-7884</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">22138766</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4825866</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182427029</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS765200</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Unresolved Antiretroviral Treatment Management Issues in HIV-Infected Children</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Heidari</surname><given-names>Shirin</given-names></name><degrees>PhD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mofenson</surname><given-names>Lynne M.</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">†</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Hobbs</surname><given-names>Charlotte V.</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">‡</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Cotton</surname><given-names>Mark F.</given-names></name><degrees>FCPaed, PhD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">§</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Marlink</surname><given-names>Richard</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A5">‖</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A6">¶</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Katabira</surname><given-names>Elly</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A7">#</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>*</label>Department of Research Promotion, International AIDS Society, Geneva, Switzerland</aff><aff id="A2"><label>†</label>Pediatric, Adolescent and Maternal AIDS Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD</aff><aff id="A3"><label>‡</label>Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD</aff><aff id="A4"><label>§</label>Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Children’s Hospital, South Africa</aff><aff id="A5"><label>‖</label>Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA</aff><aff id="A6"><label>¶</label>Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, Los Angeles, CA</aff><aff id="A7"><label>#</label>Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda</aff><author-notes><corresp id="FN1">Correspondence to: Shirin Heidari, PhD, International AIDS Society, 71 Ave Louis-Casai, 1216 Cointrin, Geneva, Switzerland (<email>shirin.heidari@iasociety.org</email>)</corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>9</day><month>3</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>1</day><month>2</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>08</day><month>4</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>59</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>161</fpage><lpage>169</lpage><pmc-comment>elocation-id from pubmed: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182427029</pmc-comment>
<abstract><p id="P1">Antiretroviral therapy in children has expanded dramatically in low-income and middle-income countries. The World Health Organization revised its pediatric HIV guidelines to recommend initiation of antiretroviral therapy in all HIV-infected children younger than 2 years, regardless of CD4 count or clinical stage. The number of children starting life-long antiretroviral therapy should therefore expand dramatically over time. The early initiation of antiretroviral therapy has indisputable benefits for children, but there is a paucity of definitive information on the potential adverse effects. In this review, a comprehensive literature search was conducted to provide an overview of our knowledge about the complications of treating pediatric HIV.</p><p id="P2">Antiretroviral therapy in children, as in adults, is associated with enhanced survival, reduction in opportunistic infections, improved growth and neurocognitive function, and better quality of life. Despite antiretroviral therapy, HIV-infected children may continue to lag behind their uninfected peers in growth and development. In addition, epidemic concurrent conditions, such as tuberculosis, malaria, and malnutrition, can combine with HIV to yield more rapid disease progression and poor treatment outcomes.</p><p id="P3">Additional studies are required to evaluate the long-term effects of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected infants, children, and adolescents, particularly in resource-limited countries where concomitant infections and conditions may enhance the risk of adverse effects. There is an urgent need to evaluate drug–drug interactions in children to determine optimal treatment regimens for both HIV and coinfections.</p></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>antiretroviral</kwd><kwd>childhood growth and development</kwd><kwd>drug complications</kwd><kwd>HIV-infected infants</kwd><kwd>malaria</kwd><kwd>malnutrition</kwd><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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