Prevalence and Factors Associated with Sexually Transmitted Infections among HIV Positive Women Opting for Intrauterine Contraception
Identifieur interne : 002F31 ( Ncbi/Merge ); précédent : 002F30; suivant : 002F32Prevalence and Factors Associated with Sexually Transmitted Infections among HIV Positive Women Opting for Intrauterine Contraception
Auteurs : Othman Kakaire [Ouganda] ; Josaphat Kayogoza Byamugisha [Ouganda] ; Nazarius Mbona Tumwesigye ; Kristina Gamzell-Danielsson [Suède]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Women living with HIV/AIDS (WLHA) are a high risk group for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, the majority of women with STIs are asymptomatic. Data on prevalence of STIs among WLHA in Uganda are limited. The objective of the study was to determine prevalence and factors associated with STIs among WLHA opting for intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD).
Three hundred fifty one WLHA deemed free of STIs using a syndromic logarithm were enrolled into the study. Endo-cervical swabs were taken before IUD insertion and PCR test for Nisseria gonorrhea (NG), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections conducted.
Participants’ mean age was 29.4 ± 6.2 years, 83% were under 35years, 50% had secondary education and 73% were married. The majority (69%) had disclosed their HIV sero status to their spouses, 82% used Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis, 70% were on antiretroviral therapy, 90% had CD4 count greater than 350, about 60% reported condoms use and 70% were of parity 2-4. Over 50% of the participants’ spouses were older than 35 years and 72% had attained secondary education. STIs prevalence was 11.1%, (95% CI 7.8-14.4) and individual prevalence for TV, NG, and CT was 5.9%, 5.4% and 0.9% respectively. Factors independently associated with STI were having primary or less education (OR= 2.3, 95% CI: 1.09 - 4.85) having a spouse of primary or less education (OR= 3.3, 95% CI: 1.6 - 6.78) and muslim faith (OR= 0.2, 95% CI: 0.04 - 0.78).
STI prevalence was 11.1%. TV and NG were the commonest STIs in this population. Having primary or less education for both participant and spouse was associated with increased risk while being of muslim faith was associated with reduced risk of STI.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122400
PubMed: 25859659
PubMed Central: 4393084
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 000149
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 000149
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 000B23
Links to Exploration step
PMC:4393084Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Prevalence and Factors Associated with Sexually Transmitted Infections among HIV Positive Women Opting for Intrauterine Contraception</title><author><name sortKey="Kakaire, Othman" sort="Kakaire, Othman" uniqKey="Kakaire O" first="Othman" last="Kakaire">Othman Kakaire</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago Hospital Complex, Old Mulago Hill, Kampala, Uganda</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago Hospital Complex, Old Mulago Hill, Kampala</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kampala</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Byamugisha, Josaphat Kayogoza" sort="Byamugisha, Josaphat Kayogoza" uniqKey="Byamugisha J" first="Josaphat Kayogoza" last="Byamugisha">Josaphat Kayogoza Byamugisha</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago Hospital Complex, Old Mulago Hill, Kampala, Uganda</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago Hospital Complex, Old Mulago Hill, Kampala</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kampala</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tumwesigye, Nazarius Mbona" sort="Tumwesigye, Nazarius Mbona" uniqKey="Tumwesigye N" first="Nazarius Mbona" last="Tumwesigye">Nazarius Mbona Tumwesigye</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>School of Public Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago Hospital Complex, Old Mulago Hill, Kampala Uganda</addr-line></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Kampala Uganda</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gamzell Danielsson, Kristina" sort="Gamzell Danielsson, Kristina" uniqKey="Gamzell Danielsson K" first="Kristina" last="Gamzell-Danielsson">Kristina Gamzell-Danielsson</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement><region nuts="2">Svealand</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25859659</idno><idno type="pmc">4393084</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4393084</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4393084</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0122400</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000149</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000149</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000149</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000149</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000B23</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000B23</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">002F31</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Prevalence and Factors Associated with Sexually Transmitted Infections among HIV Positive Women Opting for Intrauterine Contraception</title><author><name sortKey="Kakaire, Othman" sort="Kakaire, Othman" uniqKey="Kakaire O" first="Othman" last="Kakaire">Othman Kakaire</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago Hospital Complex, Old Mulago Hill, Kampala, Uganda</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago Hospital Complex, Old Mulago Hill, Kampala</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kampala</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Byamugisha, Josaphat Kayogoza" sort="Byamugisha, Josaphat Kayogoza" uniqKey="Byamugisha J" first="Josaphat Kayogoza" last="Byamugisha">Josaphat Kayogoza Byamugisha</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago Hospital Complex, Old Mulago Hill, Kampala, Uganda</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago Hospital Complex, Old Mulago Hill, Kampala</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kampala</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tumwesigye, Nazarius Mbona" sort="Tumwesigye, Nazarius Mbona" uniqKey="Tumwesigye N" first="Nazarius Mbona" last="Tumwesigye">Nazarius Mbona Tumwesigye</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>School of Public Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago Hospital Complex, Old Mulago Hill, Kampala Uganda</addr-line></nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Kampala Uganda</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gamzell Danielsson, Kristina" sort="Gamzell Danielsson, Kristina" uniqKey="Gamzell Danielsson K" first="Kristina" last="Gamzell-Danielsson">Kristina Gamzell-Danielsson</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Stockholm</settlement><region nuts="2">Svealand</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="sec001"><title>Background</title><p>Women living with HIV/AIDS (WLHA) are a high risk group for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, the majority of women with STIs are asymptomatic. Data on prevalence of STIs among WLHA in Uganda are limited. The objective of the study was to determine prevalence and factors associated with STIs among WLHA opting for intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD).</p></sec><sec id="sec002"><title>Methods</title><p>Three hundred fifty one WLHA deemed free of STIs using a syndromic logarithm were enrolled into the study. Endo-cervical swabs were taken before IUD insertion and PCR test for Nisseria gonorrhea (NG), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections conducted.</p></sec><sec id="sec003"><title>Results</title><p>Participants’ mean age was 29.4 ± 6.2 years, 83% were under 35years, 50% had secondary education and 73% were married. The majority (69%) had disclosed their HIV sero status to their spouses, 82% used Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis, 70% were on antiretroviral therapy, 90% had CD4 count greater than 350, about 60% reported condoms use and 70% were of parity 2-4. Over 50% of the participants’ spouses were older than 35 years and 72% had attained secondary education. STIs prevalence was 11.1%, (95% CI 7.8-14.4) and individual prevalence for TV, NG, and CT was 5.9%, 5.4% and 0.9% respectively. Factors independently associated with STI were having primary or less education (OR= 2.3, 95% CI: 1.09 - 4.85) having a spouse of primary or less education (OR= 3.3, 95% CI: 1.6 - 6.78) and muslim faith (OR= 0.2, 95% CI: 0.04 - 0.78).</p></sec><sec id="sec004"><title>Conclusion</title><p>STI prevalence was 11.1%. TV and NG were the commonest STIs in this population. Having primary or less education for both participant and spouse was associated with increased risk while being of muslim faith was associated with reduced risk of STI.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Laga, M" uniqKey="Laga M">M Laga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Manoka, A" uniqKey="Manoka A">A Manoka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kivuvu, M" uniqKey="Kivuvu M">M Kivuvu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Malele, B" uniqKey="Malele B">B Malele</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tuliza, M" uniqKey="Tuliza M">M Tuliza</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nzila, N" uniqKey="Nzila N">N Nzila</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Grosskurth, H" uniqKey="Grosskurth H">H Grosskurth</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gray, R" uniqKey="Gray R">R Gray</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hayes, R" uniqKey="Hayes R">R Hayes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mabey, D" uniqKey="Mabey D">D Mabey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wawer, M" uniqKey="Wawer M">M Wawer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rottingen, Ja" uniqKey="Rottingen J">JA Rottingen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cameron, Dw" uniqKey="Cameron D">DW Cameron</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garnett, Gp" uniqKey="Garnett G">GP Garnett</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kaul, R" uniqKey="Kaul R">R Kaul</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kimani, J" uniqKey="Kimani J">J Kimani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nagelkerke, Nj" uniqKey="Nagelkerke N">NJ Nagelkerke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fonck, K" uniqKey="Fonck K">K Fonck</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ngugi, En" uniqKey="Ngugi E">EN Ngugi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Keli, F" uniqKey="Keli F">F Keli</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Watson Jones, D" uniqKey="Watson Jones D">D Watson-Jones</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weiss, Ha" uniqKey="Weiss H">HA Weiss</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rusizoka, M" uniqKey="Rusizoka M">M Rusizoka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Changalucha, J" uniqKey="Changalucha J">J Changalucha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baisley, K" uniqKey="Baisley K">K Baisley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mugeye, K" uniqKey="Mugeye K">K Mugeye</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kapiga, Sh" uniqKey="Kapiga S">SH Kapiga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sam, Ne" uniqKey="Sam N">NE Sam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mlay, J" uniqKey="Mlay J">J Mlay</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aboud, S" uniqKey="Aboud S">S Aboud</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ballard, Rc" uniqKey="Ballard R">RC Ballard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shao, Jf" uniqKey="Shao J">JF Shao</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ghys, Pd" uniqKey="Ghys P">PD Ghys</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fransen, K" uniqKey="Fransen K">K Fransen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Diallo, Mo" uniqKey="Diallo M">MO Diallo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ettiegne Traore, V" uniqKey="Ettiegne Traore V">V Ettiegne-Traore</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coulibaly, Im" uniqKey="Coulibaly I">IM Coulibaly</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kaul, R" uniqKey="Kaul R">R Kaul</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kimani, J" uniqKey="Kimani J">J Kimani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nagelkerke, Nj" uniqKey="Nagelkerke N">NJ Nagelkerke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Plummer, Fa" uniqKey="Plummer F">FA Plummer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bwayo, Jj" uniqKey="Bwayo J">JJ Bwayo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brunham, Rc" uniqKey="Brunham R">RC Brunham</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cohen, Ms" uniqKey="Cohen M">MS Cohen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hoffman, If" uniqKey="Hoffman I">IF Hoffman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Royce, Ra" uniqKey="Royce R">RA Royce</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kazembe, P" uniqKey="Kazembe P">P Kazembe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dyer, Jr" uniqKey="Dyer J">JR Dyer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Daly, Cc" uniqKey="Daly C">CC Daly</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rassjo, Eb" uniqKey="Rassjo E">EB Rassjo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kambugu, F" uniqKey="Kambugu F">F Kambugu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tumwesigye, Mn" uniqKey="Tumwesigye M">MN Tumwesigye</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tenywa, T" uniqKey="Tenywa T">T Tenywa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Darj, E" uniqKey="Darj E">E Darj</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vandepitte, J" uniqKey="Vandepitte J">J Vandepitte</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bukenya, J" uniqKey="Bukenya J">J Bukenya</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weiss, Ha" uniqKey="Weiss H">HA Weiss</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nakubulwa, S" uniqKey="Nakubulwa S">S Nakubulwa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Francis, Sc" uniqKey="Francis S">SC Francis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lurie, Mn" uniqKey="Lurie M">MN Lurie</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mlisana, K" uniqKey="Mlisana K">K Mlisana</name></author><author><name sortKey="Naicker, N" uniqKey="Naicker N">N Naicker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Werner, L" uniqKey="Werner L">L Werner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roberts, L" uniqKey="Roberts L">L Roberts</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Loggerenberg, F" uniqKey="Van Loggerenberg F">F van Loggerenberg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baxter, C" uniqKey="Baxter C">C Baxter</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Judson, Fn" uniqKey="Judson F">FN Judson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stam, We" uniqKey="Stam W">WE Stam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holmes, Hk" uniqKey="Holmes H">HK Holmes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holmes, Kk" uniqKey="Holmes K">KK Holmes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mardh, Pa" uniqKey="Mardh P">PA Mardh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sparling, Pe" uniqKey="Sparling P">PE Sparling</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wiesner, Pj" uniqKey="Wiesner P">PJ Wiesner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Katz, Bp" uniqKey="Katz B">BP Katz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, C" uniqKey="Lee C">C Lee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kosar, T" uniqKey="Kosar T">T Kosar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bowie, Wr" uniqKey="Bowie W">WR Bowie</name></author><author><name sortKey="William Robert Bowie, Rw" uniqKey="William Robert Bowie R">RW William Robert Bowie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Caldwell, Dh" uniqKey="Caldwell D">DH Caldwell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, Pr" uniqKey="Jones P">PR Jones</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mardh, P" uniqKey="Mardh P">P Mardh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ridgway, Lg" uniqKey="Ridgway L">LG Ridgway</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schachter, J" uniqKey="Schachter J">J Schachter</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Cotch, Mf" uniqKey="Cotch M">MF Cotch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pastorek, Jg" uniqKey="Pastorek J">JG Pastorek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nugent, Rp" uniqKey="Nugent R">RP Nugent</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hillier, Sl" uniqKey="Hillier S">SL Hillier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gibbs, Rs" uniqKey="Gibbs R">RS Gibbs</name></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, Dh" uniqKey="Martin D">DH Martin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mohllajee, Ap" uniqKey="Mohllajee A">AP Mohllajee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Curtis, Km" uniqKey="Curtis K">KM Curtis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Flanagan, Rg" uniqKey="Flanagan R">RG Flanagan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rinehart, W" uniqKey="Rinehart W">W Rinehart</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gaffield, Ml" uniqKey="Gaffield M">ML Gaffield</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peterson, Hb" uniqKey="Peterson H">HB Peterson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Grimes, Da" uniqKey="Grimes D">DA Grimes</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Asavapiriyanont, S" uniqKey="Asavapiriyanont S">S Asavapiriyanont</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lolekha, R" uniqKey="Lolekha R">R Lolekha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roongpisuthipong, A" uniqKey="Roongpisuthipong A">A Roongpisuthipong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wiratchai, A" uniqKey="Wiratchai A">A Wiratchai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kaoiean, S" uniqKey="Kaoiean S">S Kaoiean</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suksripanich, O" uniqKey="Suksripanich O">O Suksripanich</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Venkatesh, Kk" uniqKey="Venkatesh K">KK Venkatesh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Der Straten, A" uniqKey="Van Der Straten A">A van der Straten</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mayer, Kh" uniqKey="Mayer K">KH Mayer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Blanchard, K" uniqKey="Blanchard K">K Blanchard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ramjee, G" uniqKey="Ramjee G">G Ramjee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lurie, Mn" uniqKey="Lurie M">MN Lurie</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tyndall, Mw" uniqKey="Tyndall M">MW Tyndall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kidula, N" uniqKey="Kidula N">N Kidula</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sande, J" uniqKey="Sande J">J Sande</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ombette, J" uniqKey="Ombette J">J Ombette</name></author><author><name sortKey="Temmerman, M" uniqKey="Temmerman M">M Temmerman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mayer, Kh" uniqKey="Mayer K">KH Mayer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bush, T" uniqKey="Bush T">T Bush</name></author><author><name sortKey="Henry, K" uniqKey="Henry K">K Henry</name></author><author><name sortKey="Overton, Et" uniqKey="Overton E">ET Overton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hammer, J" uniqKey="Hammer J">J Hammer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Richardson, J" uniqKey="Richardson J">J Richardson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Desai, Vk" uniqKey="Desai V">VK Desai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kosambiya, Jk" uniqKey="Kosambiya J">JK Kosambiya</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thakor, Hg" uniqKey="Thakor H">HG Thakor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Umrigar, Dd" uniqKey="Umrigar D">DD Umrigar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Khandwala, Br" uniqKey="Khandwala B">BR Khandwala</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhuyan, Kk" uniqKey="Bhuyan K">KK Bhuyan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Francis, Sc" uniqKey="Francis S">SC Francis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ao, Tt" uniqKey="Ao T">TT Ao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vanobberghen, Fm" uniqKey="Vanobberghen F">FM Vanobberghen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chilongani, J" uniqKey="Chilongani J">J Chilongani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hashim, R" uniqKey="Hashim R">R Hashim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Andreasen, A" uniqKey="Andreasen A">A Andreasen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Musinguzi, G" uniqKey="Musinguzi G">G Musinguzi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bwayo, D" uniqKey="Bwayo D">D Bwayo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kiwanuka, N" uniqKey="Kiwanuka N">N Kiwanuka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coutinho, S" uniqKey="Coutinho S">S Coutinho</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mukose, A" uniqKey="Mukose A">A Mukose</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kabanda, J" uniqKey="Kabanda J">J Kabanda</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ncube, Nm" uniqKey="Ncube N">NM Ncube</name></author><author><name sortKey="Akunna, J" uniqKey="Akunna J">J Akunna</name></author><author><name sortKey="Babatunde, F" uniqKey="Babatunde F">F Babatunde</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nyarko, A" uniqKey="Nyarko A">A Nyarko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yatich, Nj" uniqKey="Yatich N">NJ Yatich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ellis, W" uniqKey="Ellis W">W Ellis</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Arbabi, M" uniqKey="Arbabi M">M Arbabi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fakhrieh, Z" uniqKey="Fakhrieh Z">Z Fakhrieh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Delavari, M" uniqKey="Delavari M">M Delavari</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abdoli, A" uniqKey="Abdoli A">A Abdoli</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Singa, B" uniqKey="Singa B">B Singa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Glick, Sn" uniqKey="Glick S">SN Glick</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bock, N" uniqKey="Bock N">N Bock</name></author><author><name sortKey="Walson, J" uniqKey="Walson J">J Walson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chaba, L" uniqKey="Chaba L">L Chaba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Odek, J" uniqKey="Odek J">J Odek</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sinei, Sk" uniqKey="Sinei S">SK Sinei</name></author><author><name sortKey="M Riara, G" uniqKey="M Riara G">G M'Riara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schulz, Kf" uniqKey="Schulz K">KF Schulz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Njage, Pn" uniqKey="Njage P">PN Njage</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lamptey, Pr" uniqKey="Lamptey P">PR Lamptey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhullar, Vb" uniqKey="Bhullar V">VB Bhullar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hogben, M" uniqKey="Hogben M">M Hogben</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leichliter, Js" uniqKey="Leichliter J">JS Leichliter</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tenkorang, Ey" uniqKey="Tenkorang E">EY Tenkorang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ukwuani, Fa" uniqKey="Ukwuani F">FA Ukwuani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tsui, Ao" uniqKey="Tsui A">AO Tsui</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suchindran, Cm" uniqKey="Suchindran C">CM Suchindran</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Djoba Siawaya, Jf" uniqKey="Djoba Siawaya J">JF Djoba Siawaya</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chersich, Mf" uniqKey="Chersich M">MF Chersich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rees, Hv" uniqKey="Rees H">HV Rees</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Harling, G" uniqKey="Harling G">G Harling</name></author><author><name sortKey="Subramanian, S" uniqKey="Subramanian S">S Subramanian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barnighausen, T" uniqKey="Barnighausen T">T Barnighausen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kawachi, I" uniqKey="Kawachi I">I Kawachi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kwena, Za" uniqKey="Kwena Z">ZA Kwena</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mwanzo, Ij" uniqKey="Mwanzo I">IJ Mwanzo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bukusi, Ea" uniqKey="Bukusi E">EA Bukusi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Achiro, Lf" uniqKey="Achiro L">LF Achiro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shisanya, Ca" uniqKey="Shisanya C">CA Shisanya</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Maughan Brown, B" uniqKey="Maughan Brown B">B Maughan-Brown</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Abel, E" uniqKey="Abel E">E Abel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chambers, K" uniqKey="Chambers K">K Chambers</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Roberts, St" uniqKey="Roberts S">ST Roberts</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kennedy, Bl" uniqKey="Kennedy B">BL Kennedy</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Jones, R" uniqKey="Jones R">R Jones</name></author><author><name sortKey="Oliver, M" uniqKey="Oliver M">M Oliver</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Moses, S" uniqKey="Moses S">S Moses</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bailey, Rc" uniqKey="Bailey R">RC Bailey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ronald, Ar" uniqKey="Ronald A">AR Ronald</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Halperin, Dt" uniqKey="Halperin D">DT Halperin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bailey, Rc" uniqKey="Bailey R">RC Bailey</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gray, Rh" uniqKey="Gray R">RH Gray</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kiwanuka, N" uniqKey="Kiwanuka N">N Kiwanuka</name></author><author><name sortKey="Quinn, Tc" uniqKey="Quinn T">TC Quinn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sewankambo, Nk" uniqKey="Sewankambo N">NK Sewankambo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Serwadda, D" uniqKey="Serwadda D">D Serwadda</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Turner, An" uniqKey="Turner A">AN Turner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Morrison, Cs" uniqKey="Morrison C">CS Morrison</name></author><author><name sortKey="Padian, Ns" uniqKey="Padian N">NS Padian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kaufman, Js" uniqKey="Kaufman J">JS Kaufman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Behets, Fm" uniqKey="Behets F">FM Behets</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Holmes, K S" uniqKey="Holmes K">K S Holmes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pf" uniqKey="Pf">PF</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mardh, P" uniqKey="Mardh P">P. Mardh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lemon, Sm" uniqKey="Lemon S">SM. Lemon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stamm, We" uniqKey="Stamm W">WE. Stamm</name></author><author><name sortKey="Piot, P" uniqKey="Piot P">P. Piot</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chanakira, E" uniqKey="Chanakira E">E Chanakira</name></author><author><name sortKey="Goyder, E" uniqKey="Goyder E">E Goyder</name></author><author><name sortKey="Freeman, J" uniqKey="Freeman J">J Freeman</name></author><author><name sortKey="O Cathain, A" uniqKey="O Cathain A">A O'Cathain</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kinghorn, G" uniqKey="Kinghorn G">G Kinghorn</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Seth, P" uniqKey="Seth P">P Seth</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wingood, Gm" uniqKey="Wingood G">GM Wingood</name></author><author><name sortKey="Diclemente, Rj" uniqKey="Diclemente R">RJ DiClemente</name></author><author><name sortKey="Robinson, Ls" uniqKey="Robinson L">LS Robinson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-dir>properties open_access</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">PLoS One</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">PLoS ONE</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">plos</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pmc">plosone</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>PLoS ONE</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1932-6203</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Public Library of Science</publisher-name><publisher-loc>San Francisco, CA USA</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25859659</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4393084</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0122400</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">PONE-D-14-46747</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Prevalence and Factors Associated with Sexually Transmitted Infections among HIV Positive Women Opting for Intrauterine Contraception</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Sexually Transmitted Infections among HIV Positive Women</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" equal-contrib="yes"><name><surname>Kakaire</surname><given-names>Othman</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref rid="cor001" ref-type="corresp">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" equal-contrib="yes"><name><surname>Byamugisha</surname><given-names>Josaphat Kayogoza</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff001"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" equal-contrib="yes"><name><surname>Tumwesigye</surname><given-names>Nazarius Mbona</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff002"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" equal-contrib="yes"><name><surname>Gamzell-Danielsson</surname><given-names>Kristina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff003"><sup>3</sup></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff001"><label>1</label><addr-line>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago Hospital Complex, Old Mulago Hill, Kampala, Uganda</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff002"><label>2</label><addr-line>School of Public Health, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago Hospital Complex, Old Mulago Hill, Kampala Uganda</addr-line></aff><aff id="aff003"><label>3</label><addr-line>Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden</addr-line></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name><surname>Zeeb</surname><given-names>Hajo</given-names></name><role>Academic Editor</role><xref ref-type="aff" rid="edit1"></xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="edit1"><addr-line>Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology (BIPS), GERMANY</addr-line></aff><author-notes><fn fn-type="conflict" id="coi001"><p><bold>Competing Interests: </bold>The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</p></fn><fn fn-type="con" id="contrib001"><p>Conceived and designed the experiments: OK JKB NMT KG. Performed the experiments: OK JKB NMT KG. Analyzed the data: OK JKB NMT KG. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: OK JKB NMT KG. Wrote the paper: OK JKB NMT KG. Contributed to the interpretation of the study results, reviewed and approved the final manuscript: OK JKB NMT KG.</p></fn><corresp id="cor001">* E-mail: <email>kakaireothman@hotmail.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>4</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><elocation-id>e0122400</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>21</day><month>10</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>20</day><month>2</month><year>2015</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder>Kakaire et al</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution License</ext-link>, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="pone.0122400.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><sec id="sec001"><title>Background</title><p>Women living with HIV/AIDS (WLHA) are a high risk group for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, the majority of women with STIs are asymptomatic. Data on prevalence of STIs among WLHA in Uganda are limited. The objective of the study was to determine prevalence and factors associated with STIs among WLHA opting for intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD).</p></sec><sec id="sec002"><title>Methods</title><p>Three hundred fifty one WLHA deemed free of STIs using a syndromic logarithm were enrolled into the study. Endo-cervical swabs were taken before IUD insertion and PCR test for Nisseria gonorrhea (NG), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections conducted.</p></sec><sec id="sec003"><title>Results</title><p>Participants’ mean age was 29.4 ± 6.2 years, 83% were under 35years, 50% had secondary education and 73% were married. The majority (69%) had disclosed their HIV sero status to their spouses, 82% used Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis, 70% were on antiretroviral therapy, 90% had CD4 count greater than 350, about 60% reported condoms use and 70% were of parity 2-4. Over 50% of the participants’ spouses were older than 35 years and 72% had attained secondary education. STIs prevalence was 11.1%, (95% CI 7.8-14.4) and individual prevalence for TV, NG, and CT was 5.9%, 5.4% and 0.9% respectively. Factors independently associated with STI were having primary or less education (OR= 2.3, 95% CI: 1.09 - 4.85) having a spouse of primary or less education (OR= 3.3, 95% CI: 1.6 - 6.78) and muslim faith (OR= 0.2, 95% CI: 0.04 - 0.78).</p></sec><sec id="sec004"><title>Conclusion</title><p>STI prevalence was 11.1%. TV and NG were the commonest STIs in this population. Having primary or less education for both participant and spouse was associated with increased risk while being of muslim faith was associated with reduced risk of STI.</p></sec></abstract><funding-group><funding-statement>This work was made possible by Medical Education for Equitable Services to All Ugandans a Medical Education Partnership Initiative grant number 5R24TW008886 from the Office of Global AIDS Coordinator and the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration and National Institutes of Health. Additional funding was from the Swedish International Development Agency, Swedish Research Council (SIDA/VR). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</funding-statement></funding-group><counts><fig-count count="0"></fig-count><table-count count="3"></table-count><page-count count="12"></page-count></counts><custom-meta-group><custom-meta id="data-availability"><meta-name>Data Availability</meta-name><meta-value>All relevant data are within the paper.</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta><notes><title>Data Availability</title><p>All relevant data are within the paper.</p></notes></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Ouganda</li><li>Suède</li></country><region><li>Svealand</li></region><settlement><li>Stockholm</li></settlement></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Tumwesigye, Nazarius Mbona" sort="Tumwesigye, Nazarius Mbona" uniqKey="Tumwesigye N" first="Nazarius Mbona" last="Tumwesigye">Nazarius Mbona Tumwesigye</name></noCountry><country name="Ouganda"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kakaire, Othman" sort="Kakaire, Othman" uniqKey="Kakaire O" first="Othman" last="Kakaire">Othman Kakaire</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Byamugisha, Josaphat Kayogoza" sort="Byamugisha, Josaphat Kayogoza" uniqKey="Byamugisha J" first="Josaphat Kayogoza" last="Byamugisha">Josaphat Kayogoza Byamugisha</name></country><country name="Suède"><region name="Svealand"><name sortKey="Gamzell Danielsson, Kristina" sort="Gamzell Danielsson, Kristina" uniqKey="Gamzell Danielsson K" first="Kristina" last="Gamzell-Danielsson">Kristina Gamzell-Danielsson</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Sante/explor/SidaSubSaharaV1/Data/Ncbi/Merge
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 002F31 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/biblio.hfd -nk 002F31 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Sante
|area= SidaSubSaharaV1
|flux= Ncbi
|étape= Merge
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:4393084
|texte= Prevalence and Factors Associated with Sexually Transmitted Infections among HIV Positive Women Opting for Intrauterine Contraception
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:25859659" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Ncbi/Merge/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a SidaSubSaharaV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.32. |  |