The association between school attendance, HIV infection and sexual behaviour among young people in rural South Africa
Identifieur interne : 004477 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 004476; suivant : 004478The association between school attendance, HIV infection and sexual behaviour among young people in rural South Africa
Auteurs : J R Hargreaves ; L A Morison ; J C Kim ; C P Bonell ; J D H. Porter ; C. Watts ; J. Busza ; G. Phetla ; P M PronykSource :
- Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health [ 0143-005X ] ; 2008-02.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aids glynn, Attendance, Behaviour, Causal pathway, Condom, Confidence interval, Current school attendance, Data collection, Development action research programme, Direct cash incentives, Economic asymmetries, Educational attainment, Effect estimate, Epidemiol, Epidemiol community health, Female students, Final sample, Global epidemic, Greater levels, Greater mobility, Hazard ratio, Health policy, High levels, Household communication, Household wealth, Infection, Interquartile range, Interquartile range years, Lifetime number, Little evidence, London school, Male partner, Male students, Many countries, Odds ratio, Other reasons, Outcome variables, Parental status, Past year, Potential confounders, Practice table, Prevalence, Prevalence declines, Prevention programmes, Previous childbirth, Previous year, Programme, Psychosocial attributes, Public health policy, Risk characteristics, Risk factor, Rural aids, Rural uganda, Rural zimbabwe, School attendance, School fees, Secondary abstinence, Secondary education, Secondary school, Secondary school attendance, Sexual activity, Sexual behavior, Sexual behaviour, Sexual behaviours, Sexual debut, Sexual intercourse, Sexual network, Sexual networks, Sexual partner, Sexual partners, Sexual partnerships, Sexual relationships, Social capital, Socioeconomic status, Study population, Systematic review, Temporary migration, Tropical medicine, Universal access, Unmarried individuals, Urgent priority, Verbal consent procedure, Young people, Young women.
- Teeft :
- Aids glynn, Attendance, Behaviour, Causal pathway, Condom, Confidence interval, Current school attendance, Data collection, Development action research programme, Direct cash incentives, Economic asymmetries, Educational attainment, Effect estimate, Epidemiol, Epidemiol community health, Female students, Final sample, Global epidemic, Greater levels, Greater mobility, Hazard ratio, Health policy, High levels, Household communication, Household wealth, Infection, Interquartile range, Interquartile range years, Lifetime number, Little evidence, London school, Male partner, Male students, Many countries, Odds ratio, Other reasons, Outcome variables, Parental status, Past year, Potential confounders, Practice table, Prevalence, Prevalence declines, Prevention programmes, Previous childbirth, Previous year, Programme, Psychosocial attributes, Public health policy, Risk characteristics, Risk factor, Rural aids, Rural uganda, Rural zimbabwe, School attendance, School fees, Secondary abstinence, Secondary education, Secondary school, Secondary school attendance, Sexual activity, Sexual behavior, Sexual behaviour, Sexual behaviours, Sexual debut, Sexual intercourse, Sexual network, Sexual networks, Sexual partner, Sexual partners, Sexual partnerships, Sexual relationships, Social capital, Socioeconomic status, Study population, Systematic review, Temporary migration, Tropical medicine, Universal access, Unmarried individuals, Urgent priority, Verbal consent procedure, Young people, Young women.
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate whether the prevalence of HIV infection among young people, and sexual behaviours associated with increased HIV risk, are differentially distributed between students and those not attending school or college. Design: A random population sample of unmarried young people (916 males, 1003 females) aged 14–25 years from rural South Africa in 2001. Methods: Data on school attendance and HIV risk characteristics came from structured face-to-face interviews. HIV serostatus was assessed by oral fluid ELISA. Logistic regression models specified HIV serostatus and high-risk behaviours as outcome variables. The primary exposure was school attendance. Models were adjusted for potential confounders. Results: HIV knowledge, communication about sex and HIV testing were similarly distributed among students and non-students. The lifetime number of partners was lower for students of both sexes (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for more than three partners for men 0.67; 95% CI 0.44 to 1.00; aOR for more than two partners for women 0.69; 95% CI 0.46 to 1.04). Among young women, fewer students reported having partners more than three years older than themselves (aOR 0.58; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.92), having sex more than five times with a partner (aOR 0.57; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.87) and unprotected intercourse during the past year (aOR 0.60; 95% CI 0.40 to 0.91). Male students were less likely to be HIV positive than non-students (aOR 0.21; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.71). Conclusions: Attending school was associated with lower-risk sexual behaviours and, among young men, lower HIV prevalence. Secondary school attendance may influence the structure of sexual networks and reduce HIV risk. Maximising school attendance may reduce HIV transmission among young people.
Url:
DOI: 10.1136/jech.2006.053827
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:D2940C11722E63FC4F92323533DBE478A987E4F0Le document en format XML
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pathway</term><term>Condom</term><term>Confidence interval</term><term>Current school attendance</term><term>Data collection</term><term>Development action research programme</term><term>Direct cash incentives</term><term>Economic asymmetries</term><term>Educational attainment</term><term>Effect estimate</term><term>Epidemiol</term><term>Epidemiol community health</term><term>Female students</term><term>Final sample</term><term>Global epidemic</term><term>Greater levels</term><term>Greater mobility</term><term>Hazard ratio</term><term>Health policy</term><term>High levels</term><term>Household communication</term><term>Household wealth</term><term>Infection</term><term>Interquartile range</term><term>Interquartile range years</term><term>Lifetime number</term><term>Little evidence</term><term>London school</term><term>Male partner</term><term>Male students</term><term>Many countries</term><term>Odds ratio</term><term>Other reasons</term><term>Outcome variables</term><term>Parental status</term><term>Past year</term><term>Potential confounders</term><term>Practice table</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Prevalence declines</term><term>Prevention programmes</term><term>Previous childbirth</term><term>Previous year</term><term>Programme</term><term>Psychosocial attributes</term><term>Public health policy</term><term>Risk characteristics</term><term>Risk factor</term><term>Rural aids</term><term>Rural uganda</term><term>Rural zimbabwe</term><term>School attendance</term><term>School fees</term><term>Secondary abstinence</term><term>Secondary education</term><term>Secondary school</term><term>Secondary school attendance</term><term>Sexual activity</term><term>Sexual behavior</term><term>Sexual behaviour</term><term>Sexual behaviours</term><term>Sexual debut</term><term>Sexual intercourse</term><term>Sexual network</term><term>Sexual networks</term><term>Sexual partner</term><term>Sexual partners</term><term>Sexual partnerships</term><term>Sexual relationships</term><term>Social capital</term><term>Socioeconomic status</term><term>Study population</term><term>Systematic review</term><term>Temporary migration</term><term>Tropical medicine</term><term>Universal access</term><term>Unmarried individuals</term><term>Urgent priority</term><term>Verbal consent procedure</term><term>Young people</term><term>Young women</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Objectives: To investigate whether the prevalence of HIV infection among young people, and sexual behaviours associated with increased HIV risk, are differentially distributed between students and those not attending school or college. Design: A random population sample of unmarried young people (916 males, 1003 females) aged 14–25 years from rural South Africa in 2001. Methods: Data on school attendance and HIV risk characteristics came from structured face-to-face interviews. HIV serostatus was assessed by oral fluid ELISA. Logistic regression models specified HIV serostatus and high-risk behaviours as outcome variables. The primary exposure was school attendance. Models were adjusted for potential confounders. Results: HIV knowledge, communication about sex and HIV testing were similarly distributed among students and non-students. The lifetime number of partners was lower for students of both sexes (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for more than three partners for men 0.67; 95% CI 0.44 to 1.00; aOR for more than two partners for women 0.69; 95% CI 0.46 to 1.04). Among young women, fewer students reported having partners more than three years older than themselves (aOR 0.58; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.92), having sex more than five times with a partner (aOR 0.57; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.87) and unprotected intercourse during the past year (aOR 0.60; 95% CI 0.40 to 0.91). Male students were less likely to be HIV positive than non-students (aOR 0.21; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.71). Conclusions: Attending school was associated with lower-risk sexual behaviours and, among young men, lower HIV prevalence. Secondary school attendance may influence the structure of sexual networks and reduce HIV risk. Maximising school attendance may reduce HIV transmission among young people.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>bmj</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>school attendance</json:string><json:string>past year</json:string><json:string>young women</json:string><json:string>condom</json:string><json:string>sexual behaviour</json:string><json:string>young people</json:string><json:string>programme</json:string><json:string>epidemiol</json:string><json:string>epidemiol community health</json:string><json:string>male partner</json:string><json:string>sexual networks</json:string><json:string>secondary school</json:string><json:string>educational attainment</json:string><json:string>household wealth</json:string><json:string>sexual partners</json:string><json:string>outcome variables</json:string><json:string>little evidence</json:string><json:string>public health policy</json:string><json:string>odds ratio</json:string><json:string>london school</json:string><json:string>tropical 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behavior</json:string><json:string>female students</json:string><json:string>previous childbirth</json:string><json:string>sexual network</json:string><json:string>universal access</json:string><json:string>secondary education</json:string><json:string>direct cash incentives</json:string><json:string>prevention programmes</json:string><json:string>urgent priority</json:string><json:string>risk factor</json:string><json:string>social capital</json:string><json:string>global epidemic</json:string><json:string>aids glynn</json:string><json:string>rural uganda</json:string><json:string>systematic review</json:string><json:string>socioeconomic status</json:string><json:string>economic asymmetries</json:string><json:string>infection</json:string><json:string>attendance</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>J R Hargreaves</name><affiliations><json:string>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</json:string><json:string>Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Programme, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Acornhoek, South Africa</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>L A Morison</name><affiliations><json:string>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J C Kim</name><affiliations><json:string>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</json:string><json:string>Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Programme, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Acornhoek, South Africa</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>C P Bonell</name><affiliations><json:string>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</json:string><json:string>Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Programme, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Acornhoek, South Africa</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J D H Porter</name><affiliations><json:string>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>C Watts</name><affiliations><json:string>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>J Busza</name><affiliations><json:string>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>G Phetla</name><affiliations><json:string>Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Programme, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Acornhoek, South Africa</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>P M Pronyk</name><affiliations><json:string>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</json:string><json:string>Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Programme, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Acornhoek, South Africa</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Health education</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Health promotion</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>ch53827</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>research-article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Objectives: To investigate whether the prevalence of HIV infection among young people, and sexual behaviours associated with increased HIV risk, are differentially distributed between students and those not attending school or college. Design: A random population sample of unmarried young people (916 males, 1003 females) aged 14–25 years from rural South Africa in 2001. Methods: Data on school attendance and HIV risk characteristics came from structured face-to-face interviews. HIV serostatus was assessed by oral fluid ELISA. Logistic regression models specified HIV serostatus and high-risk behaviours as outcome variables. The primary exposure was school attendance. Models were adjusted for potential confounders. Results: HIV knowledge, communication about sex and HIV testing were similarly distributed among students and non-students. The lifetime number of partners was lower for students of both sexes (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for more than three partners for men 0.67; 95% CI 0.44 to 1.00; aOR for more than two partners for women 0.69; 95% CI 0.46 to 1.04). Among young women, fewer students reported having partners more than three years older than themselves (aOR 0.58; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.92), having sex more than five times with a partner (aOR 0.57; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.87) and unprotected intercourse during the past year (aOR 0.60; 95% CI 0.40 to 0.91). Male students were less likely to be HIV positive than non-students (aOR 0.21; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.71). Conclusions: Attending school was associated with lower-risk sexual behaviours and, among young men, lower HIV prevalence. Secondary school attendance may influence the structure of sexual networks and reduce HIV risk. Maximising school attendance may reduce HIV transmission among young people.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 793.701 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>false</refBibsNative><keywordCount>2</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1769</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>5139</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>34581</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>7</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>269</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>The association between school attendance, HIV infection and sexual behaviour among young people in rural South Africa</title><pmid><json:string>18192598</json:string></pmid><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><title>Journal of Epidemiology and Community 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sociales</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>2008</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2008</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1136/jech.2006.053827</json:string></doi><id>D2940C11722E63FC4F92323533DBE478A987E4F0</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/D2940C11722E63FC4F92323533DBE478A987E4F0/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/D2940C11722E63FC4F92323533DBE478A987E4F0/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/D2940C11722E63FC4F92323533DBE478A987E4F0/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">The association between school attendance, HIV infection and sexual behaviour among young people in rural South Africa</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher scheme="https://publisher-list.data.istex.fr">BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><availability><licence><p>2008 the BMJ Publishing Group</p></licence><p scheme="https://loaded-corpus.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XBH-7M42M2QJ-2">bmj</p></availability><date>2008-01-11</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="research-article" scheme="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</note><note type="journal" scheme="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">The association between school attendance, HIV infection and sexual behaviour among young people in rural South Africa</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">J R</forename><surname>Hargreaves</surname></persName><affiliation>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Programme, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Acornhoek, South Africa</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">L A</forename><surname>Morison</surname></persName><affiliation>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">J C</forename><surname>Kim</surname></persName><affiliation>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Programme, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Acornhoek, South Africa</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">C P</forename><surname>Bonell</surname></persName><affiliation>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Programme, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Acornhoek, South Africa</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">J D H</forename><surname>Porter</surname></persName><affiliation>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005"><persName><forename type="first">C</forename><surname>Watts</surname></persName><affiliation>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0006"><persName><forename type="first">J</forename><surname>Busza</surname></persName><affiliation>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0007"><persName><forename type="first">G</forename><surname>Phetla</surname></persName><affiliation>Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Programme, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Acornhoek, South Africa</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0008"><persName><forename type="first">P M</forename><surname>Pronyk</surname></persName><affiliation>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Programme, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Acornhoek, South Africa</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">D2940C11722E63FC4F92323533DBE478A987E4F0</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/NVC-T631NP7C-K</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1136/jech.2006.053827</idno><idno type="href">jech-62-113.pdf</idno><idno type="article-id">ch53827</idno><idno type="PMID">18192598</idno><idno type="local">jech;62/2/113</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">J Epidemiol Community Health</title><idno type="pISSN">0143-005X</idno><idno type="eISSN">1470-2738</idno><idno type="publisher-id">jech</idno><idno type="PublisherID-hwp">jech</idno><idno type="PublisherID-nlm-ta">J Epidemiol Community Health</idno><imprint><publisher>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2008-02"></date><biblScope unit="volume">62</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="113">113</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2008-01-11</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract><p>Objectives: To investigate whether the prevalence of HIV infection among young people, and sexual behaviours associated with increased HIV risk, are differentially distributed between students and those not attending school or college. Design: A random population sample of unmarried young people (916 males, 1003 females) aged 14–25 years from rural South Africa in 2001. Methods: Data on school attendance and HIV risk characteristics came from structured face-to-face interviews. HIV serostatus was assessed by oral fluid ELISA. Logistic regression models specified HIV serostatus and high-risk behaviours as outcome variables. The primary exposure was school attendance. Models were adjusted for potential confounders. Results: HIV knowledge, communication about sex and HIV testing were similarly distributed among students and non-students. The lifetime number of partners was lower for students of both sexes (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for more than three partners for men 0.67; 95% CI 0.44 to 1.00; aOR for more than two partners for women 0.69; 95% CI 0.46 to 1.04). Among young women, fewer students reported having partners more than three years older than themselves (aOR 0.58; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.92), having sex more than five times with a partner (aOR 0.57; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.87) and unprotected intercourse during the past year (aOR 0.60; 95% CI 0.40 to 0.91). Male students were less likely to be HIV positive than non-students (aOR 0.21; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.71). Conclusions: Attending school was associated with lower-risk sexual behaviours and, among young men, lower HIV prevalence. Secondary school attendance may influence the structure of sexual networks and reduce HIV risk. Maximising school attendance may reduce HIV transmission among young people.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>hwp-journal-coll</head><item><term>Health education</term></item></list></keywords></textClass><textClass><keywords scheme="Journal Subject"><list><head>hwp-journal-coll</head><item><term>Health promotion</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2008-01-11">Created</change><change when="2008-02">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/D2940C11722E63FC4F92323533DBE478A987E4F0/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="corpus bmj" wicri:toSee="no header"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//NLM//DTD Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD v2.3 20070202//EN" URI="archivearticle.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><article article-type="research-article" xml:lang="EN"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">jech</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Epidemiol Community Health</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">jech</journal-id><journal-title>Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health</journal-title><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">J Epidemiol Community Health</abbrev-journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">0143-005X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1470-2738</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">ch53827</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1136/jech.2006.053827</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="other">jech;62/2/113</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">18192598</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="other">113</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="other">jech.2006.053827</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Evidence-based public health policy and practice</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>Health education</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="hwp-journal-coll"><subject>Health promotion</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The association between school attendance, HIV infection and sexual behaviour among young people in rural South Africa</article-title><alt-title alt-title-type="running-head">Evidence-based public health policy and practice</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hargreaves</surname><given-names>J R</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Morison</surname><given-names>L A</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>J C</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bonell</surname><given-names>C P</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Porter</surname><given-names>J D H</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Watts</surname><given-names>C</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Busza</surname><given-names>J</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Phetla</surname><given-names>G</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Pronyk</surname><given-names>P M</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><addr-line>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</addr-line> </aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><addr-line>Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Programme, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Acornhoek, South Africa</addr-line> </aff><author-notes><corresp>Dr J Hargreaves, Infectious Disease Epidemiology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK; <email xlink:type="simple">james.hargreaves@lshtm.ac.uk</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>2</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>1</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><volume>62</volume><volume-id pub-id-type="other">62</volume-id><volume-id pub-id-type="other">62</volume-id><issue>2</issue><issue-id pub-id-type="other">jech;62/2</issue-id><issue-id pub-id-type="other">2</issue-id><issue-id pub-id-type="other">62/2</issue-id><fpage>113</fpage><history><date date-type="accepted"><day>12</day><month>3</month><year>2007</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>2008 the BMJ Publishing Group</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2008</copyright-year></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:role="full-text" xlink:href="jech-62-113.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objectives:</title><p>To investigate whether the prevalence of HIV infection among young people, and sexual behaviours associated with increased HIV risk, are differentially distributed between students and those not attending school or college.</p></sec><sec><title>Design:</title><p>A random population sample of unmarried young people (916 males, 1003 females) aged 14–25 years from rural South Africa in 2001.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods:</title><p>Data on school attendance and HIV risk characteristics came from structured face-to-face interviews. HIV serostatus was assessed by oral fluid ELISA. Logistic regression models specified HIV serostatus and high-risk behaviours as outcome variables. The primary exposure was school attendance. Models were adjusted for potential confounders.</p></sec><sec><title>Results:</title><p>HIV knowledge, communication about sex and HIV testing were similarly distributed among students and non-students. The lifetime number of partners was lower for students of both sexes (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for more than three partners for men 0.67; 95% CI 0.44 to 1.00; aOR for more than two partners for women 0.69; 95% CI 0.46 to 1.04). Among young women, fewer students reported having partners more than three years older than themselves (aOR 0.58; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.92), having sex more than five times with a partner (aOR 0.57; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.87) and unprotected intercourse during the past year (aOR 0.60; 95% CI 0.40 to 0.91). Male students were less likely to be HIV positive than non-students (aOR 0.21; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.71).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions:</title><p>Attending school was associated with lower-risk sexual behaviours and, among young men, lower HIV prevalence. Secondary school attendance may influence the structure of sexual networks and reduce HIV risk. Maximising school attendance may reduce HIV transmission among young people.</p></sec></abstract></article-meta></front></article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>The association between school attendance, HIV infection and sexual behaviour among young people in rural South Africa</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>The association between school attendance, HIV infection and sexual behaviour among young people in rural South Africa</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J R</namePart><namePart type="family">Hargreaves</namePart><affiliation>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Programme, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Acornhoek, South Africa</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">L A</namePart><namePart type="family">Morison</namePart><affiliation>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J C</namePart><namePart type="family">Kim</namePart><affiliation>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Programme, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Acornhoek, South Africa</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C P</namePart><namePart type="family">Bonell</namePart><affiliation>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Programme, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Acornhoek, South Africa</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J D H</namePart><namePart type="family">Porter</namePart><affiliation>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">C</namePart><namePart type="family">Watts</namePart><affiliation>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J</namePart><namePart type="family">Busza</namePart><affiliation>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G</namePart><namePart type="family">Phetla</namePart><affiliation>Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Programme, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Acornhoek, South Africa</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P M</namePart><namePart type="family">Pronyk</namePart><affiliation>London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK</affiliation><affiliation>Rural AIDS and Development Action Research Programme, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Acornhoek, South Africa</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="research-article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</genre><originInfo><publisher>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2008-02</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2008-01-11</dateCreated><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2008</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><abstract>Objectives: To investigate whether the prevalence of HIV infection among young people, and sexual behaviours associated with increased HIV risk, are differentially distributed between students and those not attending school or college. Design: A random population sample of unmarried young people (916 males, 1003 females) aged 14–25 years from rural South Africa in 2001. Methods: Data on school attendance and HIV risk characteristics came from structured face-to-face interviews. HIV serostatus was assessed by oral fluid ELISA. Logistic regression models specified HIV serostatus and high-risk behaviours as outcome variables. The primary exposure was school attendance. Models were adjusted for potential confounders. Results: HIV knowledge, communication about sex and HIV testing were similarly distributed among students and non-students. The lifetime number of partners was lower for students of both sexes (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for more than three partners for men 0.67; 95% CI 0.44 to 1.00; aOR for more than two partners for women 0.69; 95% CI 0.46 to 1.04). Among young women, fewer students reported having partners more than three years older than themselves (aOR 0.58; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.92), having sex more than five times with a partner (aOR 0.57; 95% CI 0.37 to 0.87) and unprotected intercourse during the past year (aOR 0.60; 95% CI 0.40 to 0.91). Male students were less likely to be HIV positive than non-students (aOR 0.21; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.71). Conclusions: Attending school was associated with lower-risk sexual behaviours and, among young men, lower HIV prevalence. Secondary school attendance may influence the structure of sexual networks and reduce HIV risk. 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