Under-5 mortality due to HIV: regional levels and 1990–2009 trends
Identifieur interne : 002F05 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 002F04; suivant : 002F06Under-5 mortality due to HIV: regional levels and 1990–2009 trends
Auteurs : Karen Stanecki ; Juliana Daher ; John Stover ; Priscilla Akwara ; Mary MahySource :
- Sexually Transmitted Infections [ 1368-4973 ] ; 2010-12.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult prevalence, Antiretroviral therapy, Botswana, Child deaths, Child mortality, Child survival, Combination therapy, Eastern africa, Eastern europe, Exclusive breast, Fewer children, Health survey, Latin america, Many children, Millennium development goal, Mortality, Overall mortality, Pmtct, Pmtct programmes, Pregnant women, Prevalence, Previous work, Programme, Projection package, Relative impact, Southern africa, Spectrum estimates, Spectrum projection package, Stable incidence, Supplement figure, Systematic analysis, Transm, Transmission rate, Uncertainty bounds, Under5 mortality, Zimbabwe.
- Teeft :
- Adult prevalence, Antiretroviral therapy, Botswana, Child deaths, Child mortality, Child survival, Combination therapy, Eastern africa, Eastern europe, Exclusive breast, Fewer children, Health survey, Latin america, Many children, Millennium development goal, Mortality, Overall mortality, Pmtct, Pmtct programmes, Pregnant women, Prevalence, Previous work, Programme, Projection package, Relative impact, Southern africa, Spectrum estimates, Spectrum projection package, Stable incidence, Supplement figure, Systematic analysis, Transm, Transmission rate, Uncertainty bounds, Under5 mortality, Zimbabwe.
Abstract
Background Since at least the late 1990s, HIV has been viewed as a major threat to efforts by countries to reduce under-5 mortality. Previous work has documented increased under-5 mortality due to HIV from 1990 to 1999 in Africa. The current analysis presents estimates and trends in under-5 mortality due to HIV in low- and middle-income countries by region up to 2009. Methods The analyses are based on the national models of HIV and AIDS produced by country teams in coordination with UNAIDS and its partners for the years 1990–2009. These models produce a time series of estimates of HIV-related mortality as well as overall mortality in children aged <5 years. Results and conclusion These analyses indicate that, in 2009, HIV accounted for roughly 2.1% (1.2–3.0%) of under-5 deaths in low- and middle-income countries and 3.6% (2.0–5.0%) in sub-Saharan Africa. The percentage of under-5 deaths due to HIV has been falling in the last decade—for example, from 2.6% (1.6–3.5%) in 2000 to 2.1% (1.2–3.0%) in 2009 in low- and middle-income countries and from 5.4% (3.3–7.3%) in 2000 to 3.6% (2.0–5.0%) in 2009 in sub-Saharan Africa. This fall in the percentage of under-5 deaths due to HIV has been driven by a combination of factors including scale-up of prevention of mother-to-child transmission programmes and treatment for pregnant women and children as well as a decrease in the prevalence of HIV among pregnant women.
Url:
DOI: 10.1136/sti.2010.046201
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:8F4C8F3EC171B41E71E3AE23027E295564C772ADLe document en format XML
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Priscilla" sort="Akwara, Priscilla" uniqKey="Akwara P" first="Priscilla" last="Akwara">Priscilla Akwara</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>UNICEF, New York, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mahy, Mary" sort="Mahy, Mary" uniqKey="Mahy M" first="Mary" last="Mahy">Mary Mahy</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:8F4C8F3EC171B41E71E3AE23027E295564C772AD</idno><date when="2010" year="2010">2010</date><idno type="doi">10.1136/sti.2010.046201</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/8F4C8F3EC171B41E71E3AE23027E295564C772AD/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">002F05</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">002F05</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a">Under-5 mortality due to HIV: regional levels and 1990–2009 trends</title><author><name sortKey="Stanecki, Karen" sort="Stanecki, Karen" uniqKey="Stanecki K" first="Karen" last="Stanecki">Karen Stanecki</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: staneckik@unaids.org</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Daher, Juliana" sort="Daher, Juliana" uniqKey="Daher J" first="Juliana" last="Daher">Juliana Daher</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stover, John" sort="Stover, John" uniqKey="Stover J" first="John" last="Stover">John Stover</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>The Futures Institute, Glastonbury, Connecticut, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Akwara, Priscilla" sort="Akwara, Priscilla" uniqKey="Akwara P" first="Priscilla" last="Akwara">Priscilla Akwara</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>UNICEF, New York, USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mahy, Mary" sort="Mahy, Mary" uniqKey="Mahy M" first="Mary" last="Mahy">Mary Mahy</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Sexually Transmitted Infections</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Sex Transm Infect</title><idno type="ISSN">1368-4973</idno><idno type="eISSN">1472-3263</idno><imprint><publisher>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2010-12">2010-12</date><biblScope unit="volume">86</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">Suppl 2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="56">ii56</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">1368-4973</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">1368-4973</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult prevalence</term><term>Antiretroviral therapy</term><term>Botswana</term><term>Child deaths</term><term>Child mortality</term><term>Child survival</term><term>Combination therapy</term><term>Eastern africa</term><term>Eastern europe</term><term>Exclusive breast</term><term>Fewer children</term><term>Health survey</term><term>Latin america</term><term>Many children</term><term>Millennium development goal</term><term>Mortality</term><term>Overall mortality</term><term>Pmtct</term><term>Pmtct programmes</term><term>Pregnant women</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Previous work</term><term>Programme</term><term>Projection package</term><term>Relative impact</term><term>Southern africa</term><term>Spectrum estimates</term><term>Spectrum projection package</term><term>Stable incidence</term><term>Supplement figure</term><term>Systematic analysis</term><term>Transm</term><term>Transmission rate</term><term>Uncertainty bounds</term><term>Under5 mortality</term><term>Zimbabwe</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult prevalence</term><term>Antiretroviral therapy</term><term>Botswana</term><term>Child deaths</term><term>Child mortality</term><term>Child survival</term><term>Combination therapy</term><term>Eastern africa</term><term>Eastern europe</term><term>Exclusive breast</term><term>Fewer children</term><term>Health survey</term><term>Latin america</term><term>Many children</term><term>Millennium development goal</term><term>Mortality</term><term>Overall mortality</term><term>Pmtct</term><term>Pmtct programmes</term><term>Pregnant women</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Previous work</term><term>Programme</term><term>Projection package</term><term>Relative impact</term><term>Southern africa</term><term>Spectrum estimates</term><term>Spectrum projection package</term><term>Stable incidence</term><term>Supplement figure</term><term>Systematic analysis</term><term>Transm</term><term>Transmission rate</term><term>Uncertainty bounds</term><term>Under5 mortality</term><term>Zimbabwe</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Background Since at least the late 1990s, HIV has been viewed as a major threat to efforts by countries to reduce under-5 mortality. Previous work has documented increased under-5 mortality due to HIV from 1990 to 1999 in Africa. The current analysis presents estimates and trends in under-5 mortality due to HIV in low- and middle-income countries by region up to 2009. Methods The analyses are based on the national models of HIV and AIDS produced by country teams in coordination with UNAIDS and its partners for the years 1990–2009. These models produce a time series of estimates of HIV-related mortality as well as overall mortality in children aged <5 years. Results and conclusion These analyses indicate that, in 2009, HIV accounted for roughly 2.1% (1.2–3.0%) of under-5 deaths in low- and middle-income countries and 3.6% (2.0–5.0%) in sub-Saharan Africa. The percentage of under-5 deaths due to HIV has been falling in the last decade—for example, from 2.6% (1.6–3.5%) in 2000 to 2.1% (1.2–3.0%) in 2009 in low- and middle-income countries and from 5.4% (3.3–7.3%) in 2000 to 3.6% (2.0–5.0%) in 2009 in sub-Saharan Africa. This fall in the percentage of under-5 deaths due to HIV has been driven by a combination of factors including scale-up of prevention of mother-to-child transmission programmes and treatment for pregnant women and children as well as a decrease in the prevalence of HIV among pregnant women.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>bmj</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>pmtct</json:string><json:string>programme</json:string><json:string>pregnant women</json:string><json:string>transm</json:string><json:string>zimbabwe</json:string><json:string>botswana</json:string><json:string>southern africa</json:string><json:string>many children</json:string><json:string>pmtct programmes</json:string><json:string>antiretroviral therapy</json:string><json:string>child deaths</json:string><json:string>child mortality</json:string><json:string>millennium development goal</json:string><json:string>child survival</json:string><json:string>eastern africa</json:string><json:string>fewer children</json:string><json:string>latin america</json:string><json:string>eastern europe</json:string><json:string>relative impact</json:string><json:string>prevalence</json:string><json:string>mortality</json:string><json:string>adult prevalence</json:string><json:string>uncertainty bounds</json:string><json:string>combination therapy</json:string><json:string>stable incidence</json:string><json:string>supplement figure</json:string><json:string>exclusive breast</json:string><json:string>transmission rate</json:string><json:string>previous work</json:string><json:string>under5 mortality</json:string><json:string>spectrum estimates</json:string><json:string>projection package</json:string><json:string>overall mortality</json:string><json:string>systematic analysis</json:string><json:string>health survey</json:string><json:string>spectrum projection package</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>Karen Stanecki</name><affiliations><json:string>UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland</json:string><json:string>E-mail: staneckik@unaids.org</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Juliana Daher</name><affiliations><json:string>UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>John Stover</name><affiliations><json:string>The Futures Institute, Glastonbury, Connecticut, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Priscilla Akwara</name><affiliations><json:string>UNICEF, New York, USA</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Mary Mahy</name><affiliations><json:string>UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Models</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>HIV</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>child mortality</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>children</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>mathematical model</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>sextrans46201</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>research-article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Background Since at least the late 1990s, HIV has been viewed as a major threat to efforts by countries to reduce under-5 mortality. Previous work has documented increased under-5 mortality due to HIV from 1990 to 1999 in Africa. The current analysis presents estimates and trends in under-5 mortality due to HIV in low- and middle-income countries by region up to 2009. Methods The analyses are based on the national models of HIV and AIDS produced by country teams in coordination with UNAIDS and its partners for the years 1990–2009. These models produce a time series of estimates of HIV-related mortality as well as overall mortality in children aged >5 years. Results and conclusion These analyses indicate that, in 2009, HIV accounted for roughly 2.1% (1.2–3.0%) of under-5 deaths in low- and middle-income countries and 3.6% (2.0–5.0%) in sub-Saharan Africa. The percentage of under-5 deaths due to HIV has been falling in the last decade—for example, from 2.6% (1.6–3.5%) in 2000 to 2.1% (1.2–3.0%) in 2009 in low- and middle-income countries and from 5.4% (3.3–7.3%) in 2000 to 3.6% (2.0–5.0%) in 2009 in sub-Saharan Africa. This fall in the percentage of under-5 deaths due to HIV has been driven by a combination of factors including scale-up of prevention of mother-to-child transmission programmes and treatment for pregnant women and children as well as a decrease in the prevalence of HIV among pregnant women.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>7.075</score><pdfVersion>1.4</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>595.276 x 793.701 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>5</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1426</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>3803</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>22884</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>6</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>231</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Under-5 mortality due to HIV: regional levels and 1990–2009 trends</title><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><title>Sexually Transmitted 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xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">John</forename><surname>Stover</surname></persName><affiliation>The Futures Institute, Glastonbury, Connecticut, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">Priscilla</forename><surname>Akwara</surname></persName><affiliation>UNICEF, New York, USA</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">Mary</forename><surname>Mahy</surname></persName><affiliation>UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">8F4C8F3EC171B41E71E3AE23027E295564C772AD</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/NVC-PRHNL0SK-2</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1136/sti.2010.046201</idno><idno type="href">sextrans-86-ii56.pdf</idno><idno type="article-id">sextrans46201</idno><idno type="local">sextrans;86/Suppl_2/ii56</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Sexually Transmitted Infections</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">Sex Transm Infect</title><idno type="pISSN">1368-4973</idno><idno type="eISSN">1472-3263</idno><idno type="publisher-id">sti</idno><idno type="PublisherID-hwp">sextrans</idno><idno type="PublisherID-nlm-ta">Sex Transm Infect</idno><imprint><publisher>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2010-12"></date><biblScope unit="volume">86</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">Suppl 2</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="56">ii56</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2010-11-23</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract><p>Background Since at least the late 1990s, HIV has been viewed as a major threat to efforts by countries to reduce under-5 mortality. Previous work has documented increased under-5 mortality due to HIV from 1990 to 1999 in Africa. The current analysis presents estimates and trends in under-5 mortality due to HIV in low- and middle-income countries by region up to 2009. Methods The analyses are based on the national models of HIV and AIDS produced by country teams in coordination with UNAIDS and its partners for the years 1990–2009. These models produce a time series of estimates of HIV-related mortality as well as overall mortality in children aged <5 years. Results and conclusion These analyses indicate that, in 2009, HIV accounted for roughly 2.1% (1.2–3.0%) of under-5 deaths in low- and middle-income countries and 3.6% (2.0–5.0%) in sub-Saharan Africa. The percentage of under-5 deaths due to HIV has been falling in the last decade—for example, from 2.6% (1.6–3.5%) in 2000 to 2.1% (1.2–3.0%) in 2009 in low- and middle-income countries and from 5.4% (3.3–7.3%) in 2000 to 3.6% (2.0–5.0%) in 2009 in sub-Saharan Africa. This fall in the percentage of under-5 deaths due to HIV has been driven by a combination of factors including scale-up of prevention of mother-to-child transmission programmes and treatment for pregnant women and children as well as a decrease in the prevalence of HIV among pregnant women.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>keywords</head><item><term>Models</term></item><item><term>HIV</term></item><item><term>child mortality</term></item><item><term>children</term></item><item><term>mathematical model</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="2010-11-23">Created</change><change when="2010-12">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/8F4C8F3EC171B41E71E3AE23027E295564C772AD/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="corpus bmj" wicri:toSee="no header"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//NLM//DTD Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD v2.3 20070202//EN" URI="archivearticle.dtd" name="istex:docType"></istex:docType><istex:document><article article-type="research-article"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="hwp">sextrans</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Sex Transm Infect</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sti</journal-id><journal-title>Sexually Transmitted Infections</journal-title><abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Sex Transm Infect</abbrev-journal-title><abbrev-journal-title>Sex Transm Infect</abbrev-journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">1368-4973</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1472-3263</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">sextrans46201</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1136/sti.2010.046201</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="other">sextrans;86/Suppl_2/ii56</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="other">ii56</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="other">sti.2010.046201</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Supplement</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Under-5 mortality due to HIV: regional levels and 1990–2009 trends</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Stanecki</surname><given-names>Karen</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Daher</surname><given-names>Juliana</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Stover</surname><given-names>John</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Akwara</surname><given-names>Priscilla</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mahy</surname><given-names>Mary</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><label>1</label>UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland</aff><aff id="aff2"><label>2</label>The Futures Institute, Glastonbury, Connecticut, USA</aff><aff id="aff3"><label>3</label>UNICEF, New York, USA</aff><author-notes><corresp><label>Correspondence to</label> Karen Stanecki, UNAIDS, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva, 27, Switzerland; <email>staneckik@unaids.org</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>12</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>11</month><year>2010</year></pub-date><volume>86</volume><volume-id pub-id-type="other">86</volume-id><volume-id pub-id-type="other">86</volume-id><issue>Suppl 2</issue><issue-id pub-id-type="other">sextrans;86/Suppl_2</issue-id><issue-id pub-id-type="other" content-type="supplement">Suppl_2</issue-id><issue-id pub-id-type="other">86/Suppl_2</issue-id><issue-title>The 2009 HIV and AIDS estimates and projections: methods, tools and analyses</issue-title><fpage>ii56</fpage><history><date date-type="accepted"><day>7</day><month>10</month><year>2010</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© 2010, Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2010</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/"><p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non commercial and is otherwise in compliance with the license. See: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/</ext-link> and <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/legalcode">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/legalcode</ext-link>.</p></license></permissions><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:role="full-text" xlink:href="sextrans-86-ii56.pdf"></self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Background</title><p>Since at least the late 1990s, HIV has been viewed as a major threat to efforts by countries to reduce under-5 mortality. Previous work has documented increased under-5 mortality due to HIV from 1990 to 1999 in Africa. The current analysis presents estimates and trends in under-5 mortality due to HIV in low- and middle-income countries by region up to 2009.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>The analyses are based on the national models of HIV and AIDS produced by country teams in coordination with UNAIDS and its partners for the years 1990–2009. These models produce a time series of estimates of HIV-related mortality as well as overall mortality in children aged <5 years.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and conclusion</title><p>These analyses indicate that, in 2009, HIV accounted for roughly 2.1% (1.2–3.0%) of under-5 deaths in low- and middle-income countries and 3.6% (2.0–5.0%) in sub-Saharan Africa. The percentage of under-5 deaths due to HIV has been falling in the last decade—for example, from 2.6% (1.6–3.5%) in 2000 to 2.1% (1.2–3.0%) in 2009 in low- and middle-income countries and from 5.4% (3.3–7.3%) in 2000 to 3.6% (2.0–5.0%) in 2009 in sub-Saharan Africa. This fall in the percentage of under-5 deaths due to HIV has been driven by a combination of factors including scale-up of prevention of mother-to-child transmission programmes and treatment for pregnant women and children as well as a decrease in the prevalence of HIV among pregnant women.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group><kwd>Models</kwd><kwd>HIV</kwd><kwd>child mortality</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>mathematical model</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front></article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>Under-5 mortality due to HIV: regional levels and 1990–2009 trends</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Under-5 mortality due to HIV: regional levels and 1990–2009 trends</title></titleInfo><name type="personal" displayLabel="corresp"><namePart type="given">Karen</namePart><namePart type="family">Stanecki</namePart><affiliation>UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland</affiliation><affiliation>E-mail: staneckik@unaids.org</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Juliana</namePart><namePart type="family">Daher</namePart><affiliation>UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">John</namePart><namePart type="family">Stover</namePart><affiliation>The Futures Institute, Glastonbury, Connecticut, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Priscilla</namePart><namePart type="family">Akwara</namePart><affiliation>UNICEF, New York, USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Mary</namePart><namePart type="family">Mahy</namePart><affiliation>UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="research-article" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://content-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/XTP-1JC4F85T-7">research-article</genre><originInfo><publisher>BMJ Publishing Group Ltd</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2010-12</dateIssued><dateCreated encoding="w3cdtf">2010-11-23</dateCreated><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2010</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><abstract>Background Since at least the late 1990s, HIV has been viewed as a major threat to efforts by countries to reduce under-5 mortality. Previous work has documented increased under-5 mortality due to HIV from 1990 to 1999 in Africa. The current analysis presents estimates and trends in under-5 mortality due to HIV in low- and middle-income countries by region up to 2009. Methods The analyses are based on the national models of HIV and AIDS produced by country teams in coordination with UNAIDS and its partners for the years 1990–2009. These models produce a time series of estimates of HIV-related mortality as well as overall mortality in children aged <5 years. Results and conclusion These analyses indicate that, in 2009, HIV accounted for roughly 2.1% (1.2–3.0%) of under-5 deaths in low- and middle-income countries and 3.6% (2.0–5.0%) in sub-Saharan Africa. The percentage of under-5 deaths due to HIV has been falling in the last decade—for example, from 2.6% (1.6–3.5%) in 2000 to 2.1% (1.2–3.0%) in 2009 in low- and middle-income countries and from 5.4% (3.3–7.3%) in 2000 to 3.6% (2.0–5.0%) in 2009 in sub-Saharan Africa. This fall in the percentage of under-5 deaths due to HIV has been driven by a combination of factors including scale-up of prevention of mother-to-child transmission programmes and treatment for pregnant women and children as well as a decrease in the prevalence of HIV among pregnant women.</abstract><subject><genre>keywords</genre><topic>Models</topic><topic>HIV</topic><topic>child mortality</topic><topic>children</topic><topic>mathematical model</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Sexually Transmitted Infections</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>Sex Transm Infect</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal" authority="ISTEX" authorityURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr" valueURI="https://publication-type.data.istex.fr/ark:/67375/JMC-0GLKJH51-B">journal</genre><identifier type="ISSN">1368-4973</identifier><identifier type="eISSN">1472-3263</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID">sti</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID-hwp">sextrans</identifier><identifier type="PublisherID-nlm-ta">Sex Transm Infect</identifier><part><date>2010</date><detail type="title"><title>The 2009 HIV and AIDS estimates and projections: methods, tools and analyses</title></detail><detail type="volume"><caption>vol.</caption><number>86</number></detail><detail type="issue"><caption>no.</caption><number>Suppl 2</number></detail><extent unit="pages"><start>ii56</start></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">8F4C8F3EC171B41E71E3AE23027E295564C772AD</identifier><identifier type="ark">ark:/67375/NVC-PRHNL0SK-2</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1136/sti.2010.046201</identifier><identifier type="href">sextrans-86-ii56.pdf</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">sextrans46201</identifier><identifier type="local">sextrans;86/Suppl_2/ii56</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="open-access">This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non commercial and is otherwise in compliance with the license. 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