Hepatitis B virus and sexual behavior in Rakai, Uganda
Identifieur interne : 002861 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 002860; suivant : 002862Hepatitis B virus and sexual behavior in Rakai, Uganda
Auteurs : Lara Stabinski ; Steven J. Reynolds ; Ponsiano Ocama ; Oliver Laeyendecker ; David Serwadda ; Ron H. Gray ; Maria Wawer ; David L. Thomas ; Thomas C. Quinn ; Gregory D. KirkSource :
- Journal of Medical Virology [ 0146-6615 ] ; 2011-05.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult population, African countries, Blood transfusions, Bloomberg school, Chronic infection, Dual therapy, Epidemiology, Hbsag, Hbsag positivity, Hepatitis, High prevalence, Higher risk, Infection, Infectious diseases, Intramural research, Johns hopkins university, Johns hopkins university school, Liver disease, Makerere university, Male gender, Medical injections, Multivariate model, National institute, National institutes, Natural history, Nontreponemal screening test, Participant, Prevalence, Public health, Questionnaire data, Rakai, Rakai health sciences program, Random sample, Regional variation, Risk factors, Serologic syphilis, Sexual transmission, Southwestern uganda, Study participants, Study population, Surface antigen, Syphilis, Transfusion, Transmission patterns, Treatment strategies, Uganda, Unheated serum test, Univariate, Univariate analysis, Vaccination, Viral hepatitis, Virol.
- Teeft :
- Adult population, African countries, Blood transfusions, Bloomberg school, Chronic infection, Dual therapy, Epidemiology, Hbsag, Hbsag positivity, Hepatitis, High prevalence, Higher risk, Infection, Infectious diseases, Intramural research, Johns hopkins university, Johns hopkins university school, Liver disease, Makerere university, Male gender, Medical injections, Multivariate model, National institute, National institutes, Natural history, Nontreponemal screening test, Participant, Prevalence, Public health, Questionnaire data, Rakai, Rakai health sciences program, Random sample, Regional variation, Risk factors, Serologic syphilis, Sexual transmission, Southwestern uganda, Study participants, Study population, Surface antigen, Syphilis, Transfusion, Transmission patterns, Treatment strategies, Uganda, Unheated serum test, Univariate, Univariate analysis, Vaccination, Viral hepatitis, Virol.
Abstract
HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) co‐infection poses important public health considerations in resource‐limited settings. Demographic data and sera from adult participants of the Rakai Health Sciences Program Cohort in Southwestern Uganda were examined to determine HBV seroprevalence patterns in this area of high HIV endemicity prior to the introduction of anti‐retroviral therapy. Commercially available EIAs were used to detect prevalent HBV infection (positive for HBV core antibody [anti‐HBc] and/or positive HBV surface antigen [HBsAg]), and chronic infection (positive for HBsAg). Of 438 participants, 181 (41%) had prevalent HBV infection while 21 (5%) were infected chronically. Fourteen percent of participants were infected with HIV. Fifty three percent showed evidence of prevalent HBV infection compared to 40% among participants infected with HIV (P = 0.067). Seven percent of participants infected with HIV were HBsAg positive compared to 4% among participants not infected with HIV (P = 0.403). The prevalence of prevalent HBV infection was 55% in adults aged >50 years old, and 11% in persons under 20 years. In multivariable analysis, older age, HIV status, and serologic syphilis were significantly associated with prevalent HBV infection. Transfusion status and receipt of injections were not significantly associated with HBV infection. Contrary to expectations that HBV exposure in Uganda occurred chiefly during childhood, prevalent HBV infection was found to increase with age and was associated sexually transmitted diseases (HIV and syphilis.) Therefore vaccination against HBV, particularly susceptible adults with HIV or at risk of HIV/STDs should be a priority. J. Med. Virol. 83:796–800, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/jmv.22051
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:7C0F2E61DECCB845966A08A2ED637D4CD6A456DALe document en format XML
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Reynolds</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Johns Hopkins Center for Global Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ocama, Ponsiano" sort="Ocama, Ponsiano" uniqKey="Ocama P" first="Ponsiano" last="Ocama">Ponsiano Ocama</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Laeyendecker, Oliver" sort="Laeyendecker, Oliver" uniqKey="Laeyendecker O" first="Oliver" last="Laeyendecker">Oliver Laeyendecker</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Serwadda, David" sort="Serwadda, David" uniqKey="Serwadda D" first="David" last="Serwadda">David Serwadda</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Makerere University School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gray, Ron H" sort="Gray, Ron H" uniqKey="Gray R" first="Ron H." last="Gray">Ron H. Gray</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wawer, Maria" sort="Wawer, Maria" uniqKey="Wawer M" first="Maria" last="Wawer">Maria Wawer</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, David L" sort="Thomas, David L" uniqKey="Thomas D" first="David L." last="Thomas">David L. 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Demographic data and sera from adult participants of the Rakai Health Sciences Program Cohort in Southwestern Uganda were examined to determine HBV seroprevalence patterns in this area of high HIV endemicity prior to the introduction of anti‐retroviral therapy. Commercially available EIAs were used to detect prevalent HBV infection (positive for HBV core antibody [anti‐HBc] and/or positive HBV surface antigen [HBsAg]), and chronic infection (positive for HBsAg). Of 438 participants, 181 (41%) had prevalent HBV infection while 21 (5%) were infected chronically. Fourteen percent of participants were infected with HIV. Fifty three percent showed evidence of prevalent HBV infection compared to 40% among participants infected with HIV (P = 0.067). Seven percent of participants infected with HIV were HBsAg positive compared to 4% among participants not infected with HIV (P = 0.403). The prevalence of prevalent HBV infection was 55% in adults aged >50 years old, and 11% in persons under 20 years. In multivariable analysis, older age, HIV status, and serologic syphilis were significantly associated with prevalent HBV infection. Transfusion status and receipt of injections were not significantly associated with HBV infection. Contrary to expectations that HBV exposure in Uganda occurred chiefly during childhood, prevalent HBV infection was found to increase with age and was associated sexually transmitted diseases (HIV and syphilis.) Therefore vaccination against HBV, particularly susceptible adults with HIV or at risk of HIV/STDs should be a priority. J. Med. Virol. 83:796–800, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>wiley</corpusName><keywords><teeft><json:string>uganda</json:string><json:string>hbsag</json:string><json:string>rakai</json:string><json:string>syphilis</json:string><json:string>transfusion</json:string><json:string>univariate</json:string><json:string>virol</json:string><json:string>epidemiology</json:string><json:string>public health</json:string><json:string>blood transfusions</json:string><json:string>risk factors</json:string><json:string>southwestern uganda</json:string><json:string>hepatitis</json:string><json:string>medical injections</json:string><json:string>sexual transmission</json:string><json:string>johns hopkins university</json:string><json:string>infection</json:string><json:string>national institutes</json:string><json:string>univariate analysis</json:string><json:string>chronic infection</json:string><json:string>national institute</json:string><json:string>infectious diseases</json:string><json:string>transmission patterns</json:string><json:string>bloomberg school</json:string><json:string>vaccination</json:string><json:string>prevalence</json:string><json:string>participant</json:string><json:string>multivariate model</json:string><json:string>liver disease</json:string><json:string>adult population</json:string><json:string>study participants</json:string><json:string>questionnaire data</json:string><json:string>random sample</json:string><json:string>serologic syphilis</json:string><json:string>surface antigen</json:string><json:string>johns hopkins university school</json:string><json:string>study population</json:string><json:string>rakai health sciences program</json:string><json:string>makerere university</json:string><json:string>treatment strategies</json:string><json:string>male gender</json:string><json:string>intramural research</json:string><json:string>nontreponemal screening test</json:string><json:string>unheated serum test</json:string><json:string>hbsag positivity</json:string><json:string>natural history</json:string><json:string>african countries</json:string><json:string>regional variation</json:string><json:string>high prevalence</json:string><json:string>higher risk</json:string><json:string>dual therapy</json:string><json:string>viral hepatitis</json:string></teeft></keywords><author><json:item><name>Lara Stabinski</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</json:string><json:string>Rangos Building, Room 530, 855 N, Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD.===</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Steven J. Reynolds</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</json:string><json:string>Johns Hopkins Center for Global Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ponsiano Ocama</name><affiliations><json:string>Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Oliver Laeyendecker</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>David Serwadda</name><affiliations><json:string>Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda</json:string><json:string>Makerere University School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda</json:string><json:string>Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Ron H. Gray</name><affiliations><json:string>Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda</json:string><json:string>Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Maria Wawer</name><affiliations><json:string>Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda</json:string><json:string>Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>David L. Thomas</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Thomas C. Quinn</name><affiliations><json:string>Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</json:string><json:string>Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Gregory D. Kirk</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>hepatitis B virus (HBV)</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>HIV</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>sexual transmission</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Uganda</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Africa</value></json:item></subject><articleId><json:string>JMV22051</json:string></articleId><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) co‐infection poses important public health considerations in resource‐limited settings. Demographic data and sera from adult participants of the Rakai Health Sciences Program Cohort in Southwestern Uganda were examined to determine HBV seroprevalence patterns in this area of high HIV endemicity prior to the introduction of anti‐retroviral therapy. Commercially available EIAs were used to detect prevalent HBV infection (positive for HBV core antibody [anti‐HBc] and/or positive HBV surface antigen [HBsAg]), and chronic infection (positive for HBsAg). Of 438 participants, 181 (41%) had prevalent HBV infection while 21 (5%) were infected chronically. Fourteen percent of participants were infected with HIV. Fifty three percent showed evidence of prevalent HBV infection compared to 40% among participants infected with HIV (P = 0.067). Seven percent of participants infected with HIV were HBsAg positive compared to 4% among participants not infected with HIV (P = 0.403). The prevalence of prevalent HBV infection was 55% in adults aged >50 years old, and 11% in persons under 20 years. In multivariable analysis, older age, HIV status, and serologic syphilis were significantly associated with prevalent HBV infection. Transfusion status and receipt of injections were not significantly associated with HBV infection. Contrary to expectations that HBV exposure in Uganda occurred chiefly during childhood, prevalent HBV infection was found to increase with age and was associated sexually transmitted diseases (HIV and syphilis.) Therefore vaccination against HBV, particularly susceptible adults with HIV or at risk of HIV/STDs should be a priority. J. Med. 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role="corresp"><persName><forename type="first">Lara</forename><surname>Stabinski</surname></persName><email>stabinskil@niaid.nih.gov</email><affiliation>Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland<address><country key="US"></country></address></affiliation><affiliation>Rangos Building, Room 530, 855 N, Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD.===</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">Steven J.</forename><surname>Reynolds</surname></persName><affiliation>Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland<address><country key="US"></country></address></affiliation><affiliation>Johns Hopkins Center for Global Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland<address><country key="US"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">Ponsiano</forename><surname>Ocama</surname></persName><affiliation>Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda<address><country key="UG"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">Oliver</forename><surname>Laeyendecker</surname></persName><affiliation>Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland<address><country key="US"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">David</forename><surname>Serwadda</surname></persName><affiliation>Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda<address><country key="UG"></country></address></affiliation><affiliation>Makerere University School of Public Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda<address><country key="UG"></country></address></affiliation><affiliation>Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda<address><country key="UG"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005"><persName><forename type="first">Ron H.</forename><surname>Gray</surname></persName><affiliation>Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda<address><country key="UG"></country></address></affiliation><affiliation>Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland<address><country key="US"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0006"><persName><forename type="first">Maria</forename><surname>Wawer</surname></persName><affiliation>Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda<address><country key="UG"></country></address></affiliation><affiliation>Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland<address><country key="US"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0007"><persName><forename type="first">David L.</forename><surname>Thomas</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland<address><country key="US"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0008"><persName><forename type="first">Thomas C.</forename><surname>Quinn</surname></persName><affiliation>Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland<address><country key="US"></country></address></affiliation><affiliation>Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland<address><country key="US"></country></address></affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0009"><persName><forename type="first">Gregory D.</forename><surname>Kirk</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland<address><country key="US"></country></address></affiliation></author><idno type="istex">7C0F2E61DECCB845966A08A2ED637D4CD6A456DA</idno><idno type="ark">ark:/67375/WNG-CH0B0C7X-D</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1002/jmv.22051</idno><idno type="unit">JMV22051</idno><idno type="toTypesetVersion">file:JMV.JMV22051.pdf</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Medical Virology</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY</title><idno type="pISSN">0146-6615</idno><idno type="eISSN">1096-9071</idno><idno type="book-DOI">10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9071</idno><idno type="book-part-DOI">10.1002/jmv.v83.5</idno><idno type="product">JMV</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">83</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">5</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="796">796</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="800">800</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">5</biblScope><publisher>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisher><pubPlace>Hoboken</pubPlace><date type="published" when="2011-05"></date></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><abstract xml:lang="en" style="main"><head>Abstract</head><p>HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) co‐infection poses important public health considerations in resource‐limited settings. Demographic data and sera from adult participants of the Rakai Health Sciences Program Cohort in Southwestern Uganda were examined to determine HBV seroprevalence patterns in this area of high HIV endemicity prior to the introduction of anti‐retroviral therapy. Commercially available EIAs were used to detect prevalent HBV infection (positive for HBV core antibody [anti‐HBc] and/or positive HBV surface antigen [HBsAg]), and chronic infection (positive for HBsAg). Of 438 participants, 181 (41%) had prevalent HBV infection while 21 (5%) were infected chronically. Fourteen percent of participants were infected with HIV. Fifty three percent showed evidence of prevalent HBV infection compared to 40% among participants infected with HIV (<hi rend="italic">P</hi> = 0.067). Seven percent of participants infected with HIV were HBsAg positive compared to 4% among participants not infected with HIV (<hi rend="italic">P</hi> = 0.403). The prevalence of prevalent HBV infection was 55% in adults aged >50 years old, and 11% in persons under 20 years. In multivariable analysis, older age, HIV status, and serologic syphilis were significantly associated with prevalent HBV infection. Transfusion status and receipt of injections were not significantly associated with HBV infection. Contrary to expectations that HBV exposure in Uganda occurred chiefly during childhood, prevalent HBV infection was found to increase with age and was associated sexually transmitted diseases (HIV and syphilis.) Therefore vaccination against HBV, particularly susceptible adults with HIV or at risk of HIV/STDs should be a priority. J. Med. Virol. 83:796–800, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords xml:lang="en"><term xml:id="kwd1">hepatitis B virus (HBV)</term><term xml:id="kwd2">HIV</term><term xml:id="kwd3">sexual transmission</term><term xml:id="kwd4">Uganda</term><term xml:id="kwd5">Africa</term></keywords><keywords rend="articleCategory"><term>Research Article</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en"></language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/7C0F2E61DECCB845966A08A2ED637D4CD6A456DA/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Wiley, elements deleted: body"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:document><component version="2.0" type="serialArticle" xml:lang="en"><header><publicationMeta level="product"><publisherInfo><publisherName>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company</publisherName><publisherLoc>Hoboken</publisherLoc></publisherInfo><doi registered="yes">10.1002/(ISSN)1096-9071</doi><issn type="print">0146-6615</issn><issn type="electronic">1096-9071</issn><idGroup><id type="product" value="JMV"></id></idGroup><titleGroup><title type="main" xml:lang="en" sort="JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY">Journal of Medical Virology</title><title type="short">J. 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Demographic data and sera from adult participants of the Rakai Health Sciences Program Cohort in Southwestern Uganda were examined to determine HBV seroprevalence patterns in this area of high HIV endemicity prior to the introduction of anti‐retroviral therapy. Commercially available EIAs were used to detect prevalent HBV infection (positive for HBV core antibody [anti‐HBc] and/or positive HBV surface antigen [HBsAg]), and chronic infection (positive for HBsAg). Of 438 participants, 181 (41%) had prevalent HBV infection while 21 (5%) were infected chronically. Fourteen percent of participants were infected with HIV. Fifty three percent showed evidence of prevalent HBV infection compared to 40% among participants infected with HIV (<i>P</i> = 0.067). Seven percent of participants infected with HIV were HBsAg positive compared to 4% among participants not infected with HIV (<i>P</i> = 0.403). The prevalence of prevalent HBV infection was 55% in adults aged >50 years old, and 11% in persons under 20 years. In multivariable analysis, older age, HIV status, and serologic syphilis were significantly associated with prevalent HBV infection. Transfusion status and receipt of injections were not significantly associated with HBV infection. Contrary to expectations that HBV exposure in Uganda occurred chiefly during childhood, prevalent HBV infection was found to increase with age and was associated sexually transmitted diseases (HIV and syphilis.) Therefore vaccination against HBV, particularly susceptible adults with HIV or at risk of HIV/STDs should be a priority. J. Med. Virol. 83:796–800, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</p></abstract></abstractGroup></contentMeta><noteGroup><note xml:id="fn1"><p>Research performed by the Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA at the Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe Uganda.</p></note><note xml:id="fn2"><p>This is a US Government work, and as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.</p></note></noteGroup></header></component></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Hepatitis B virus and sexual behavior in Rakai, Uganda</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated" lang="en"><title>Hepatitis B Virus in Rakai, Uganda</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA" lang="en"><title>Hepatitis B virus and sexual behavior in Rakai, Uganda</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Lara</namePart><namePart 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Demographic data and sera from adult participants of the Rakai Health Sciences Program Cohort in Southwestern Uganda were examined to determine HBV seroprevalence patterns in this area of high HIV endemicity prior to the introduction of anti‐retroviral therapy. Commercially available EIAs were used to detect prevalent HBV infection (positive for HBV core antibody [anti‐HBc] and/or positive HBV surface antigen [HBsAg]), and chronic infection (positive for HBsAg). Of 438 participants, 181 (41%) had prevalent HBV infection while 21 (5%) were infected chronically. Fourteen percent of participants were infected with HIV. Fifty three percent showed evidence of prevalent HBV infection compared to 40% among participants infected with HIV (P = 0.067). Seven percent of participants infected with HIV were HBsAg positive compared to 4% among participants not infected with HIV (P = 0.403). The prevalence of prevalent HBV infection was 55% in adults aged >50 years old, and 11% in persons under 20 years. In multivariable analysis, older age, HIV status, and serologic syphilis were significantly associated with prevalent HBV infection. Transfusion status and receipt of injections were not significantly associated with HBV infection. Contrary to expectations that HBV exposure in Uganda occurred chiefly during childhood, prevalent HBV infection was found to increase with age and was associated sexually transmitted diseases (HIV and syphilis.) Therefore vaccination against HBV, particularly susceptible adults with HIV or at risk of HIV/STDs should be a priority. J. Med. Virol. 83:796–800, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.</abstract><note type="content">*Research performed by the Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA at the Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe Uganda.</note><note type="content">*This is a US Government work, and as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.</note><note type="funding">The Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland</note><subject lang="en"><genre>keywords</genre><topic>hepatitis B virus (HBV)</topic><topic>HIV</topic><topic>sexual transmission</topic><topic>Uganda</topic><topic>Africa</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Journal of Medical Virology</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>J. Med. 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|clé= ISTEX:7C0F2E61DECCB845966A08A2ED637D4CD6A456DA
|texte= Hepatitis B virus and sexual behavior in Rakai, Uganda
}}
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