Geographic variations in the nitrogen isotope composition of surface particulate nitrogen and new production across the North Atlantic Ocean
Identifieur interne : 001725 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 001724; suivant : 001726Geographic variations in the nitrogen isotope composition of surface particulate nitrogen and new production across the North Atlantic Ocean
Auteurs : Nathalie A. D. Waser ; William G. Harrison ; Erica J. H. Head ; Bente Nielsen ; Vivian A. Lutz ; Stephen E. CalvertSource :
- Deep-Sea Research Part I [ 0967-0637 ] ; 2000.
Abstract
Natural 15N/14N (δ15N) was determined in suspended particulate matter (SPM) and plankton tow samples (20- and 233-μm mesh nets) during extensive surveys along E–W transects from Halifax, Nova Scotia, to the Canary Islands in the fall of 1992 and the spring of 1993. This is the first study reporting δ15N measurements along with NO−3 and NH+4 uptake rates in the North Atlantic. During both cruises, the δ15N of SPM and net-plankton was lower in oligotrophic waters compared with values in eutrophic areas. The lack of correlation between the euphotic zone integrated δ15NSPM and NH+4 concentration and NH+4 uptake rate at both times suggested that the contrast between regions could not be explained by regenerated production, even though NH+4 was the preferred N substrate in most regions. In fact, based on a correlation analysis, this study suggested that isotope fractionation during nitrate uptake and the residence time of N in SPM (τ) were the two major factors controlling the δ15NSPM in 1992. During the fall of 1992, the δ15NSPM of the oligotrophic region (τ of 100–170d) was consistent with the accumulated product equation in closed systems and a δ15N of new nitrate of 4–5‰. In contrast, in eutrophic regions (τ of 7–40d), the δ15NSPM was consistent with an open system equation. Isotope fractionation (ε) for growth on nitrate was estimated to be 2.4‰ in the upwelling off Morocco. In 1993, no correlations were observed between δ15NSPM and nitrate dynamics, probably because of horizontal advection. Based on the low τ of 5–30d, an open system equation was used with nitrate as the reactant, and it suggested variations of 2–3‰ in either the δ15NNO3 or ε.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0967-0637(99)00102-8
Links to Exploration step
ISTEX:DD3A679851ABA1059C6D74B498863CCDE719A87ALe document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title>Geographic variations in the nitrogen isotope composition of surface particulate nitrogen and new production across the North Atlantic Ocean</title><author><name sortKey="Waser, Nathalie A D" sort="Waser, Nathalie A D" uniqKey="Waser N" first="Nathalie A. D." last="Waser">Nathalie A. D. Waser</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: nwaser@unixg.ubc.ca</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harrison, William G" sort="Harrison, William G" uniqKey="Harrison W" first="William G." last="Harrison">William G. Harrison</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Biological Oceanography Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Head, Erica J H" sort="Head, Erica J H" uniqKey="Head E" first="Erica J. H." last="Head">Erica J. H. Head</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Biological Oceanography Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nielsen, Bente" sort="Nielsen, Bente" uniqKey="Nielsen B" first="Bente" last="Nielsen">Bente Nielsen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lutz, Vivian A" sort="Lutz, Vivian A" uniqKey="Lutz V" first="Vivian A." last="Lutz">Vivian A. Lutz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Biological Oceanography Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="E Calvert, Stephen" sort="E Calvert, Stephen" uniqKey="E Calvert S" first="Stephen" last="E. Calvert">Stephen E. Calvert</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:DD3A679851ABA1059C6D74B498863CCDE719A87A</idno><date when="2000" year="2000">2000</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0967-0637(99)00102-8</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/DD3A679851ABA1059C6D74B498863CCDE719A87A/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">001725</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">001725</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a">Geographic variations in the nitrogen isotope composition of surface particulate nitrogen and new production across the North Atlantic Ocean</title><author><name sortKey="Waser, Nathalie A D" sort="Waser, Nathalie A D" uniqKey="Waser N" first="Nathalie A. D." last="Waser">Nathalie A. D. Waser</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>E-mail: nwaser@unixg.ubc.ca</mods:affiliation></affiliation><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harrison, William G" sort="Harrison, William G" uniqKey="Harrison W" first="William G." last="Harrison">William G. Harrison</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Biological Oceanography Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Head, Erica J H" sort="Head, Erica J H" uniqKey="Head E" first="Erica J. H." last="Head">Erica J. H. Head</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Biological Oceanography Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nielsen, Bente" sort="Nielsen, Bente" uniqKey="Nielsen B" first="Bente" last="Nielsen">Bente Nielsen</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lutz, Vivian A" sort="Lutz, Vivian A" uniqKey="Lutz V" first="Vivian A." last="Lutz">Vivian A. Lutz</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Biological Oceanography Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="E Calvert, Stephen" sort="E Calvert, Stephen" uniqKey="E Calvert S" first="Stephen" last="E. Calvert">Stephen E. Calvert</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Deep-Sea Research Part I</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">DSRI</title><idno type="ISSN">0967-0637</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2000">2000</date><biblScope unit="volume">47</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">7</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1207">1207</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1226">1226</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0967-0637</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0967-0637</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Natural 15N/14N (δ15N) was determined in suspended particulate matter (SPM) and plankton tow samples (20- and 233-μm mesh nets) during extensive surveys along E–W transects from Halifax, Nova Scotia, to the Canary Islands in the fall of 1992 and the spring of 1993. This is the first study reporting δ15N measurements along with NO−3 and NH+4 uptake rates in the North Atlantic. During both cruises, the δ15N of SPM and net-plankton was lower in oligotrophic waters compared with values in eutrophic areas. The lack of correlation between the euphotic zone integrated δ15NSPM and NH+4 concentration and NH+4 uptake rate at both times suggested that the contrast between regions could not be explained by regenerated production, even though NH+4 was the preferred N substrate in most regions. In fact, based on a correlation analysis, this study suggested that isotope fractionation during nitrate uptake and the residence time of N in SPM (τ) were the two major factors controlling the δ15NSPM in 1992. During the fall of 1992, the δ15NSPM of the oligotrophic region (τ of 100–170d) was consistent with the accumulated product equation in closed systems and a δ15N of new nitrate of 4–5‰. In contrast, in eutrophic regions (τ of 7–40d), the δ15NSPM was consistent with an open system equation. Isotope fractionation (ε) for growth on nitrate was estimated to be 2.4‰ in the upwelling off Morocco. In 1993, no correlations were observed between δ15NSPM and nitrate dynamics, probably because of horizontal advection. Based on the low τ of 5–30d, an open system equation was used with nitrate as the reactant, and it suggested variations of 2–3‰ in either the δ15NNO3 or ε.</div></front></TEI><istex><corpusName>elsevier</corpusName><author><json:item><name>Nathalie A.D. Waser</name><affiliations><json:string>E-mail: nwaser@unixg.ubc.ca</json:string><json:string>Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>William G. Harrison</name><affiliations><json:string>Biological Oceanography Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Erica J.H. Head</name><affiliations><json:string>Biological Oceanography Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Bente Nielsen</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Vivian A. Lutz</name><affiliations><json:string>Biological Oceanography Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2</json:string></affiliations></json:item><json:item><name>Stephen E. Calvert</name><affiliations><json:string>Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4</json:string></affiliations></json:item></author><subject><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Stable nitrogen isotopes</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Isotope fractionation</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>New production</value></json:item><json:item><lang><json:string>eng</json:string></lang><value>Pigment composition and residence time</value></json:item></subject><language><json:string>eng</json:string></language><originalGenre><json:string>Full-length article</json:string></originalGenre><abstract>Natural 15N/14N (δ15N) was determined in suspended particulate matter (SPM) and plankton tow samples (20- and 233-μm mesh nets) during extensive surveys along E–W transects from Halifax, Nova Scotia, to the Canary Islands in the fall of 1992 and the spring of 1993. This is the first study reporting δ15N measurements along with NO−3 and NH+4 uptake rates in the North Atlantic. During both cruises, the δ15N of SPM and net-plankton was lower in oligotrophic waters compared with values in eutrophic areas. The lack of correlation between the euphotic zone integrated δ15NSPM and NH+4 concentration and NH+4 uptake rate at both times suggested that the contrast between regions could not be explained by regenerated production, even though NH+4 was the preferred N substrate in most regions. In fact, based on a correlation analysis, this study suggested that isotope fractionation during nitrate uptake and the residence time of N in SPM (τ) were the two major factors controlling the δ15NSPM in 1992. During the fall of 1992, the δ15NSPM of the oligotrophic region (τ of 100–170d) was consistent with the accumulated product equation in closed systems and a δ15N of new nitrate of 4–5‰. In contrast, in eutrophic regions (τ of 7–40d), the δ15NSPM was consistent with an open system equation. Isotope fractionation (ε) for growth on nitrate was estimated to be 2.4‰ in the upwelling off Morocco. In 1993, no correlations were observed between δ15NSPM and nitrate dynamics, probably because of horizontal advection. Based on the low τ of 5–30d, an open system equation was used with nitrate as the reactant, and it suggested variations of 2–3‰ in either the δ15NNO3 or ε.</abstract><qualityIndicators><score>8</score><pdfVersion>1.2</pdfVersion><pdfPageSize>408 x 636 pts</pdfPageSize><refBibsNative>true</refBibsNative><keywordCount>4</keywordCount><abstractCharCount>1671</abstractCharCount><pdfWordCount>6092</pdfWordCount><pdfCharCount>37417</pdfCharCount><pdfPageCount>20</pdfPageCount><abstractWordCount>273</abstractWordCount></qualityIndicators><title>Geographic variations in the nitrogen isotope composition of surface particulate nitrogen and new production across the North Atlantic Ocean</title><pii><json:string>S0967-0637(99)00102-8</json:string></pii><genre><json:string>research-article</json:string></genre><host><volume>47</volume><pii><json:string>S0967-0637(00)X0061-1</json:string></pii><pages><last>1226</last><first>1207</first></pages><issn><json:string>0967-0637</json:string></issn><issue>7</issue><genre><json:string>journal</json:string></genre><language><json:string>unknown</json:string></language><title>Deep-Sea Research Part I</title><publicationDate>2000</publicationDate></host><categories><wos><json:string>science</json:string><json:string>oceanography</json:string></wos><scienceMetrix><json:string>natural sciences</json:string><json:string>earth & environmental sciences</json:string><json:string>oceanography</json:string></scienceMetrix><inist><json:string>sciences appliquees, technologies et medecines</json:string><json:string>sciences biologiques et medicales</json:string><json:string>sciences biologiques fondamentales et appliquees. psychologie</json:string></inist></categories><publicationDate>2000</publicationDate><copyrightDate>2000</copyrightDate><doi><json:string>10.1016/S0967-0637(99)00102-8</json:string></doi><id>DD3A679851ABA1059C6D74B498863CCDE719A87A</id><score>1</score><fulltext><json:item><extension>pdf</extension><original>true</original><mimetype>application/pdf</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/DD3A679851ABA1059C6D74B498863CCDE719A87A/fulltext/pdf</uri></json:item><json:item><extension>zip</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>application/zip</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/DD3A679851ABA1059C6D74B498863CCDE719A87A/fulltext/zip</uri></json:item><istex:fulltextTEI uri="https://api.istex.fr/document/DD3A679851ABA1059C6D74B498863CCDE719A87A/fulltext/tei"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title level="a">Geographic variations in the nitrogen isotope composition of surface particulate nitrogen and new production across the North Atlantic Ocean</title></titleStmt><publicationStmt><authority>ISTEX</authority><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><availability><p>©2000 Elsevier Science B.V.</p></availability><date>2000</date></publicationStmt><notesStmt><note type="content">Fig. 1: Transects from Halifax to the Canary Islands during CJGOFS-92 and 93. In 1992, stations 92-01 to 92-08 were occupied during the eastbound transect (■) and stations 92-18 to 92-27 were occupied during the westbound transect (□). 1993 stations were occupied during a westbound transect (•).</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Zonal variations of hydrographic and biological properties across the North Atlantic during the fall of 1992. A-SST. B-Primary productivity (mg C m−2 d−1). C-δ15N of SPM and D-δ15N of net-tows, 20-μm mesh net (○) and 233-μm mesh net (▵).</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Depth profiles of T (°C), Chl a (μg/l), NO−3 concentration (nM), NH+4 concentration (nM), NO−3 uptake rate (nM/h), NH+4 uptake rate (nM/h), primary production (μgC l−1 d−1), f ratio and δ15NSPM in the euphotic zone (at 100m) at station 92-03 during CJGOFS-92. The hatched area represents the Chl maximum.</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: (A) Integrated Chl a and di-vinyl Chl a (dv-Chl a) concentrations (in mg m−2) on the westbound transect in 1992. (B) Percent integrated composition of the taxonomically linked pigments. Per.=peridinin; 19′-But.=19′-butanoyloxyfucoxanthin; Fuco.=fucoxanthin; 19′-Hex.=19′-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin; Zea.=zeaxanthin (includes luthein); dv-Chl b=di-vinyl Chl b.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: Zonal variations across the North Atlantic Ocean during the spring of 1993. (A) SST. (B) Primary productivity (mg C m−2 d−1). (C)-δ15N of SPM and (D)-δ15N of net-tows, 20-μm mesh net (○) and 233-μm mesh net (▵).</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: (A) Integrated Chl a and di-vinyl Chl a (dv-Chl. a) concentrations (in mg m−2) in 1993. (B) Percent integrated composition of the taxonomically linked pigments. Pigment abbreviations are as in Fig. 4.</note><note type="content">Fig. 7: Correlation between integrated δ15NSPM and biological properties in the euphotic zone in 1992. Integrated δ15NSPM versus (A) the residence time of N in SPM (τ), (B) NO−3 inventory, (C) NO−3 uptake rate, (D) f ratio, (E) new production, (F) NH+4 uptake rate.</note><note type="content">Fig. 8: The δ15N of SPM versus the fraction of unconsumed nitrate, i.e. ν, in 1992. The oligotrophic stations (92-06, 07, 08, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23) are indicated by a solid triangle. The remaining stations are indicated by a solid circle. The δ15N of NO−3 is indicated by the dotted line and the δ15N of PN is shown for the two extreme situations: (1) instantaneous product equation (dash line), i.e. τ=0, and (2) accumulated product equation (solid line), i.e. τ is infinite.</note><note type="content">Fig. 9: The δ15NSPM versus ν. (A) in 1992, except for the oligotophic stations (as in Fig. 8). (B) in 1993. The average δ15NSPM is indicated by the solid line. The two dotted lines indicate the lower and upper estimate of the δ15N of nitrate from the open system equation and a range of ε values of 2–5‰.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Integrated biological properties and particulate δ15N in the euphotic zone during Hudson (1992)</note><note type="content">Table 2: Integrated biological properties and particulate δ15N in the euphotic zone during Hudson (1993)</note><note type="content">Table 3: Results of covariance and least-squares analysis for the 1992 cruise</note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct type="inbook"><analytic><title level="a">Geographic variations in the nitrogen isotope composition of surface particulate nitrogen and new production across the North Atlantic Ocean</title><author xml:id="author-0000"><persName><forename type="first">Nathalie A.D.</forename><surname>Waser</surname></persName><email>nwaser@unixg.ubc.ca</email><note type="correspondence"><p>Corresponding author. Fax: +001-604-822-6091</p></note><affiliation>Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0001"><persName><forename type="first">William G.</forename><surname>Harrison</surname></persName><affiliation>Biological Oceanography Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0002"><persName><forename type="first">Erica J.H.</forename><surname>Head</surname></persName><affiliation>Biological Oceanography Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0003"><persName><forename type="first">Bente</forename><surname>Nielsen</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0004"><persName><forename type="first">Vivian A.</forename><surname>Lutz</surname></persName><affiliation>Biological Oceanography Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2</affiliation></author><author xml:id="author-0005"><persName><forename type="first">Stephen</forename><surname>E. Calvert</surname></persName><affiliation>Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4</affiliation></author><idno type="istex">DD3A679851ABA1059C6D74B498863CCDE719A87A</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0967-0637(99)00102-8</idno><idno type="PII">S0967-0637(99)00102-8</idno></analytic><monogr><title level="j">Deep-Sea Research Part I</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">DSRI</title><idno type="pISSN">0967-0637</idno><idno type="PII">S0967-0637(00)X0061-1</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="2000"></date><biblScope unit="volume">47</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">7</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1207">1207</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="1226">1226</biblScope></imprint></monogr></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><creation><date>2000</date></creation><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Natural 15N/14N (δ15N) was determined in suspended particulate matter (SPM) and plankton tow samples (20- and 233-μm mesh nets) during extensive surveys along E–W transects from Halifax, Nova Scotia, to the Canary Islands in the fall of 1992 and the spring of 1993. This is the first study reporting δ15N measurements along with NO−3 and NH+4 uptake rates in the North Atlantic. During both cruises, the δ15N of SPM and net-plankton was lower in oligotrophic waters compared with values in eutrophic areas. The lack of correlation between the euphotic zone integrated δ15NSPM and NH+4 concentration and NH+4 uptake rate at both times suggested that the contrast between regions could not be explained by regenerated production, even though NH+4 was the preferred N substrate in most regions. In fact, based on a correlation analysis, this study suggested that isotope fractionation during nitrate uptake and the residence time of N in SPM (τ) were the two major factors controlling the δ15NSPM in 1992. During the fall of 1992, the δ15NSPM of the oligotrophic region (τ of 100–170d) was consistent with the accumulated product equation in closed systems and a δ15N of new nitrate of 4–5‰. In contrast, in eutrophic regions (τ of 7–40d), the δ15NSPM was consistent with an open system equation. Isotope fractionation (ε) for growth on nitrate was estimated to be 2.4‰ in the upwelling off Morocco. In 1993, no correlations were observed between δ15NSPM and nitrate dynamics, probably because of horizontal advection. Based on the low τ of 5–30d, an open system equation was used with nitrate as the reactant, and it suggested variations of 2–3‰ in either the δ15NNO3 or ε.</p></abstract><textClass><keywords scheme="keyword"><list><head>Keywords</head><item><term>Stable nitrogen isotopes</term></item><item><term>Isotope fractionation</term></item><item><term>New production</term></item><item><term>Pigment composition and residence time</term></item></list></keywords></textClass></profileDesc><revisionDesc><change when="1999-09-27">Modified</change><change when="2000">Published</change></revisionDesc></teiHeader></istex:fulltextTEI><json:item><extension>txt</extension><original>false</original><mimetype>text/plain</mimetype><uri>https://api.istex.fr/document/DD3A679851ABA1059C6D74B498863CCDE719A87A/fulltext/txt</uri></json:item></fulltext><metadata><istex:metadataXml wicri:clean="Elsevier, elements deleted: ce:floats; body; tail"><istex:xmlDeclaration>version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"</istex:xmlDeclaration><istex:docType PUBLIC="-//ES//DTD journal article DTD version 4.5.2//EN//XML" URI="art452.dtd" name="istex:docType"><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr1" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr1"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr2" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr2"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr3" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr3"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr4" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr4"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr5" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr5"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr6" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr6"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr7" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr7"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr8" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr8"></istex:entity><istex:entity SYSTEM="gr9" NDATA="IMAGE" name="gr9"></istex:entity></istex:docType><istex:document><converted-article version="4.5.2" docsubtype="fla"><item-info><jid>DSRI</jid><aid>619</aid><ce:pii>S0967-0637(99)00102-8</ce:pii><ce:doi>10.1016/S0967-0637(99)00102-8</ce:doi><ce:copyright type="full-transfer" year="2000">Elsevier Science B.V.</ce:copyright></item-info><head><ce:title>Geographic variations in the nitrogen isotope composition of surface particulate nitrogen and new production across the North Atlantic Ocean</ce:title><ce:author-group><ce:author><ce:given-name>Nathalie A.D.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Waser</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="ORFA"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref><ce:cross-ref refid="CORR1">*</ce:cross-ref><ce:e-address>nwaser@unixg.ubc.ca</ce:e-address></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>William G.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Harrison</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="ORFB"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Erica J.H.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Head</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="ORFB"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Bente</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Nielsen</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="ORFA"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Vivian A.</ce:given-name><ce:surname>Lutz</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="ORFB"><ce:sup>b</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:author><ce:given-name>Stephen</ce:given-name><ce:surname>E. Calvert</ce:surname><ce:cross-ref refid="ORFA"><ce:sup>a</ce:sup></ce:cross-ref></ce:author><ce:affiliation id="ORFA"><ce:label>a</ce:label><ce:textfn>Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:affiliation id="ORFB"><ce:label>b</ce:label><ce:textfn>Biological Oceanography Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2</ce:textfn></ce:affiliation><ce:correspondence id="CORR1"><ce:label>*</ce:label><ce:text>Corresponding author. Fax: +001-604-822-6091</ce:text></ce:correspondence></ce:author-group><ce:date-received day="28" month="4" year="1999"></ce:date-received><ce:date-revised day="27" month="9" year="1999"></ce:date-revised><ce:date-accepted day="27" month="9" year="1999"></ce:date-accepted><ce:abstract><ce:section-title>Abstract</ce:section-title><ce:abstract-sec><ce:simple-para>Natural <math altimg="si2.gif"><sup loc="pre">15</sup><rm>N</rm>/<sup loc="pre">14</sup><rm>N</rm></math> (<ce:italic>δ</ce:italic><ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N) was determined in suspended particulate matter (SPM) and plankton tow samples (20- and 233-μm mesh nets) during extensive surveys along E–W transects from Halifax, Nova Scotia, to the Canary Islands in the fall of 1992 and the spring of 1993. This is the first study reporting <ce:italic>δ</ce:italic><ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N measurements along with NO<ce:sup>−</ce:sup><ce:inf>3</ce:inf> and NH<ce:sup>+</ce:sup><ce:inf>4</ce:inf> uptake rates in the North Atlantic. During both cruises, the <ce:italic>δ</ce:italic><ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N of SPM and net-plankton was lower in oligotrophic waters compared with values in eutrophic areas. The lack of correlation between the euphotic zone integrated <ce:italic>δ</ce:italic><ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N<ce:inf>SPM</ce:inf> and NH<ce:sup>+</ce:sup><ce:inf>4</ce:inf> concentration and NH<ce:sup>+</ce:sup><ce:inf>4</ce:inf> uptake rate at both times suggested that the contrast between regions could not be explained by regenerated production, even though NH<ce:sup>+</ce:sup><ce:inf>4</ce:inf> was the preferred N substrate in most regions. In fact, based on a correlation analysis, this study suggested that isotope fractionation during nitrate uptake and the residence time of N in SPM (<ce:italic>τ</ce:italic>) were the two major factors controlling the <ce:italic>δ</ce:italic><ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N<ce:inf>SPM</ce:inf> in 1992. During the fall of 1992, the <ce:italic>δ</ce:italic><ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N<ce:inf>SPM</ce:inf> of the oligotrophic region (<ce:italic>τ</ce:italic> of 100–170<ce:hsp sp="0.25"></ce:hsp>d) was consistent with the accumulated product equation in closed systems and a <ce:italic>δ</ce:italic><ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N of new nitrate of 4–5‰. In contrast, in eutrophic regions (<ce:italic>τ</ce:italic> of 7–40<ce:hsp sp="0.25"></ce:hsp>d), the <ce:italic>δ</ce:italic><ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N<ce:inf>SPM</ce:inf> was consistent with an open system equation. Isotope fractionation (<ce:italic>ε</ce:italic>) for growth on nitrate was estimated to be 2.4‰ in the upwelling off Morocco. In 1993, no correlations were observed between <ce:italic>δ</ce:italic><ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N<ce:inf>SPM</ce:inf> and nitrate dynamics, probably because of horizontal advection. Based on the low <ce:italic>τ</ce:italic> of 5–30<ce:hsp sp="0.25"></ce:hsp>d, an open system equation was used with nitrate as the reactant, and it suggested variations of 2–3‰ in either the <ce:italic>δ</ce:italic><ce:sup>15</ce:sup>N<ce:inf>NO3</ce:inf> or <ce:italic>ε</ce:italic>.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract><ce:keywords class="keyword"><ce:section-title>Keywords</ce:section-title><ce:keyword><ce:text>Stable nitrogen isotopes</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Isotope fractionation</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>New production</ce:text></ce:keyword><ce:keyword><ce:text>Pigment composition and residence time</ce:text></ce:keyword></ce:keywords></head></converted-article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo><title>Geographic variations in the nitrogen isotope composition of surface particulate nitrogen and new production across the North Atlantic Ocean</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" contentType="CDATA"><title>Geographic variations in the nitrogen isotope composition of surface particulate nitrogen and new production across the North Atlantic Ocean</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Nathalie A.D.</namePart><namePart type="family">Waser</namePart><affiliation>E-mail: nwaser@unixg.ubc.ca</affiliation><affiliation>Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4</affiliation><description>Corresponding author. Fax: +001-604-822-6091</description><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">William G.</namePart><namePart type="family">Harrison</namePart><affiliation>Biological Oceanography Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Erica J.H.</namePart><namePart type="family">Head</namePart><affiliation>Biological Oceanography Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Bente</namePart><namePart type="family">Nielsen</namePart><affiliation>Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Vivian A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Lutz</namePart><affiliation>Biological Oceanography Division, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 1006, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada B2Y 4A2</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">Stephen</namePart><namePart type="family">E. Calvert</namePart><affiliation>Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">2000</dateIssued><dateModified encoding="w3cdtf">1999-09-27</dateModified><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">2000</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Natural 15N/14N (δ15N) was determined in suspended particulate matter (SPM) and plankton tow samples (20- and 233-μm mesh nets) during extensive surveys along E–W transects from Halifax, Nova Scotia, to the Canary Islands in the fall of 1992 and the spring of 1993. This is the first study reporting δ15N measurements along with NO−3 and NH+4 uptake rates in the North Atlantic. During both cruises, the δ15N of SPM and net-plankton was lower in oligotrophic waters compared with values in eutrophic areas. The lack of correlation between the euphotic zone integrated δ15NSPM and NH+4 concentration and NH+4 uptake rate at both times suggested that the contrast between regions could not be explained by regenerated production, even though NH+4 was the preferred N substrate in most regions. In fact, based on a correlation analysis, this study suggested that isotope fractionation during nitrate uptake and the residence time of N in SPM (τ) were the two major factors controlling the δ15NSPM in 1992. During the fall of 1992, the δ15NSPM of the oligotrophic region (τ of 100–170d) was consistent with the accumulated product equation in closed systems and a δ15N of new nitrate of 4–5‰. In contrast, in eutrophic regions (τ of 7–40d), the δ15NSPM was consistent with an open system equation. Isotope fractionation (ε) for growth on nitrate was estimated to be 2.4‰ in the upwelling off Morocco. In 1993, no correlations were observed between δ15NSPM and nitrate dynamics, probably because of horizontal advection. Based on the low τ of 5–30d, an open system equation was used with nitrate as the reactant, and it suggested variations of 2–3‰ in either the δ15NNO3 or ε.</abstract><note type="content">Fig. 1: Transects from Halifax to the Canary Islands during CJGOFS-92 and 93. In 1992, stations 92-01 to 92-08 were occupied during the eastbound transect (■) and stations 92-18 to 92-27 were occupied during the westbound transect (□). 1993 stations were occupied during a westbound transect (•).</note><note type="content">Fig. 2: Zonal variations of hydrographic and biological properties across the North Atlantic during the fall of 1992. A-SST. B-Primary productivity (mg C m−2 d−1). C-δ15N of SPM and D-δ15N of net-tows, 20-μm mesh net (○) and 233-μm mesh net (▵).</note><note type="content">Fig. 3: Depth profiles of T (°C), Chl a (μg/l), NO−3 concentration (nM), NH+4 concentration (nM), NO−3 uptake rate (nM/h), NH+4 uptake rate (nM/h), primary production (μgC l−1 d−1), f ratio and δ15NSPM in the euphotic zone (at 100m) at station 92-03 during CJGOFS-92. The hatched area represents the Chl maximum.</note><note type="content">Fig. 4: (A) Integrated Chl a and di-vinyl Chl a (dv-Chl a) concentrations (in mg m−2) on the westbound transect in 1992. (B) Percent integrated composition of the taxonomically linked pigments. Per.=peridinin; 19′-But.=19′-butanoyloxyfucoxanthin; Fuco.=fucoxanthin; 19′-Hex.=19′-hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin; Zea.=zeaxanthin (includes luthein); dv-Chl b=di-vinyl Chl b.</note><note type="content">Fig. 5: Zonal variations across the North Atlantic Ocean during the spring of 1993. (A) SST. (B) Primary productivity (mg C m−2 d−1). (C)-δ15N of SPM and (D)-δ15N of net-tows, 20-μm mesh net (○) and 233-μm mesh net (▵).</note><note type="content">Fig. 6: (A) Integrated Chl a and di-vinyl Chl a (dv-Chl. a) concentrations (in mg m−2) in 1993. (B) Percent integrated composition of the taxonomically linked pigments. Pigment abbreviations are as in Fig. 4.</note><note type="content">Fig. 7: Correlation between integrated δ15NSPM and biological properties in the euphotic zone in 1992. Integrated δ15NSPM versus (A) the residence time of N in SPM (τ), (B) NO−3 inventory, (C) NO−3 uptake rate, (D) f ratio, (E) new production, (F) NH+4 uptake rate.</note><note type="content">Fig. 8: The δ15N of SPM versus the fraction of unconsumed nitrate, i.e. ν, in 1992. The oligotrophic stations (92-06, 07, 08, 19, 20, 21, 22 and 23) are indicated by a solid triangle. The remaining stations are indicated by a solid circle. The δ15N of NO−3 is indicated by the dotted line and the δ15N of PN is shown for the two extreme situations: (1) instantaneous product equation (dash line), i.e. τ=0, and (2) accumulated product equation (solid line), i.e. τ is infinite.</note><note type="content">Fig. 9: The δ15NSPM versus ν. (A) in 1992, except for the oligotophic stations (as in Fig. 8). (B) in 1993. The average δ15NSPM is indicated by the solid line. The two dotted lines indicate the lower and upper estimate of the δ15N of nitrate from the open system equation and a range of ε values of 2–5‰.</note><note type="content">Table 1: Integrated biological properties and particulate δ15N in the euphotic zone during Hudson (1992)</note><note type="content">Table 2: Integrated biological properties and particulate δ15N in the euphotic zone during Hudson (1993)</note><note type="content">Table 3: Results of covariance and least-squares analysis for the 1992 cruise</note><subject><genre>Keywords</genre><topic>Stable nitrogen isotopes</topic><topic>Isotope fractionation</topic><topic>New production</topic><topic>Pigment composition and residence time</topic></subject><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Deep-Sea Research Part I</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>DSRI</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">200007</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0967-0637</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0967-0637(00)X0061-1</identifier><part><date>200007</date><detail type="volume"><number>47</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>7</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>1183</start><end>1388</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>1207</start><end>1226</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">DD3A679851ABA1059C6D74B498863CCDE719A87A</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0967-0637(99)00102-8</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0967-0637(99)00102-8</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©2000 Elsevier Science B.V.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Elsevier Science B.V., ©2000</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Terre/explor/NickelMaghrebV1/Data/Istex/Corpus
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 001725 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Istex/Corpus/biblio.hfd -nk 001725 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Terre
|area= NickelMaghrebV1
|flux= Istex
|étape= Corpus
|type= RBID
|clé= ISTEX:DD3A679851ABA1059C6D74B498863CCDE719A87A
|texte= Geographic variations in the nitrogen isotope composition of surface particulate nitrogen and new production across the North Atlantic Ocean
}}
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.27. |  |