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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Remarkable Conservation of Distinct Nonclassical MHC Class I Lineages in Divergent Amphibian Species</title>
<author><name sortKey="Goyos, Ana" sort="Goyos, Ana" uniqKey="Goyos A" first="Ana" last="Goyos">Ana Goyos</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sowa, Jessica" sort="Sowa, Jessica" uniqKey="Sowa J" first="Jessica" last="Sowa">Jessica Sowa</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ohta, Yuko" sort="Ohta, Yuko" uniqKey="Ohta Y" first="Yuko" last="Ohta">Yuko Ohta</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Robert, Jacques" sort="Robert, Jacques" uniqKey="Robert J" first="Jacques" last="Robert">Jacques Robert</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno>
<idno type="pmid">21115732</idno>
<idno type="pmc">3141293</idno>
<idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3141293</idno>
<idno type="RBID">PMC:3141293</idno>
<idno type="doi">10.4049/jimmunol.1001467</idno>
<date when="2010">2010</date>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000292</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000292</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Remarkable Conservation of Distinct Nonclassical MHC Class I Lineages in Divergent Amphibian Species</title>
<author><name sortKey="Goyos, Ana" sort="Goyos, Ana" uniqKey="Goyos A" first="Ana" last="Goyos">Ana Goyos</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Sowa, Jessica" sort="Sowa, Jessica" uniqKey="Sowa J" first="Jessica" last="Sowa">Jessica Sowa</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Ohta, Yuko" sort="Ohta, Yuko" uniqKey="Ohta Y" first="Yuko" last="Ohta">Yuko Ohta</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Robert, Jacques" sort="Robert, Jacques" uniqKey="Robert J" first="Jacques" last="Robert">Jacques Robert</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j">Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0022-1767</idno>
<idno type="eISSN">1550-6606</idno>
<imprint><date when="2010">2010</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass></textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P1">Nonclassical MHC class Ib (class Ib) genes are heterogeneous genes encoding molecules that are structurally similar to classical MHC class Ia molecules but with limited tissue distribution and polymorphism. Mammalian class Ib genes have diverse and often uncharacterized functions, and because of their rapid rate of evolution, class Ib phylogeny is difficult to establish. We have conducted an extensive genomic, molecular, and phylogenetic characterization of class Ib genes in two <italic>Xenopodinae</italic>
amphibian species of different genera that diverged from a common ancestor as long ago as primates and rodents (~65 million years). In contrast with the unsteadiness of mammalian class Ib genes, our results reveal an unusual degree of conservation of most <italic>Xenopodinae</italic>
class Ib gene lineages, including a novel monogenic lineage represented by the divergent <italic>Xenopus laevis XNC10</italic>
gene and its unequivocal <italic>Silurana</italic>
(<italic>Xenopus</italic>
) <italic>tropicalis</italic>
orthologue, <italic>SNC10</italic>
. The preferential expression of this gene lineage by thymocytes themselves from the onset of thymic organogenesis is consistent with a specialized role of class Ib in early T cell development and suggests such a function is conserved in all tetrapods.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<pmc article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">2985117R</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">4816</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Immunol</journal-id>
<journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)</journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">0022-1767</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1550-6606</issn>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">21115732</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="pmc">3141293</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.4049/jimmunol.1001467</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS309649</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group><article-title>Remarkable Conservation of Distinct Nonclassical MHC Class I Lineages in Divergent Amphibian Species</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Goyos</surname>
<given-names>Ana</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="A1" ref-type="aff">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sowa</surname>
<given-names>Jessica</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="A1" ref-type="aff">*</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ohta</surname>
<given-names>Yuko</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="A2" ref-type="aff">†</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Robert</surname>
<given-names>Jacques</given-names>
</name>
<xref rid="A1" ref-type="aff">*</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A1"><label>*</label>
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642</aff>
<aff id="A2"><label>†</label>
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201</aff>
<author-notes><corresp id="FN1">Address correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Jacques Robert, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elm-wood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642. <email>Jacques_Robert@urmc.rochester.edu</email>
</corresp>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>7</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub"><day>1</day>
<month>1</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>22</day>
<month>7</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>186</volume>
<issue>1</issue>
<fpage>372</fpage>
<lpage>381</lpage>
<permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright ©2010 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2010</copyright-year>
</permissions>
<abstract><p id="P1">Nonclassical MHC class Ib (class Ib) genes are heterogeneous genes encoding molecules that are structurally similar to classical MHC class Ia molecules but with limited tissue distribution and polymorphism. Mammalian class Ib genes have diverse and often uncharacterized functions, and because of their rapid rate of evolution, class Ib phylogeny is difficult to establish. We have conducted an extensive genomic, molecular, and phylogenetic characterization of class Ib genes in two <italic>Xenopodinae</italic>
amphibian species of different genera that diverged from a common ancestor as long ago as primates and rodents (~65 million years). In contrast with the unsteadiness of mammalian class Ib genes, our results reveal an unusual degree of conservation of most <italic>Xenopodinae</italic>
class Ib gene lineages, including a novel monogenic lineage represented by the divergent <italic>Xenopus laevis XNC10</italic>
gene and its unequivocal <italic>Silurana</italic>
(<italic>Xenopus</italic>
) <italic>tropicalis</italic>
orthologue, <italic>SNC10</italic>
. The preferential expression of this gene lineage by thymocytes themselves from the onset of thymic organogenesis is consistent with a specialized role of class Ib in early T cell development and suggests such a function is conserved in all tetrapods.</p>
</abstract>
<funding-group><award-group><funding-source country="United States">National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Extramural Activities : NIAID</funding-source>
<award-id>R24 AI059830-06 || AI</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group><funding-source country="United States">National Institute of Child Health & Human Development : NICHD</funding-source>
<award-id>R03 HD061671-02 || HD</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</pmc>
</record>
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