Template synthesis of carbon nanotubes
Identifieur interne : 000C39 ( Istex/Corpus ); précédent : 000C38; suivant : 000C40Template synthesis of carbon nanotubes
Auteurs : G. L. Hornyak ; A. C. Dillon ; P. A. Parilla ; J. J. Schneider ; N. Czap ; K. M. Jones ; F. S. Fasoon ; A. Mason ; M. J. HebenSource :
- Nanostructured Materials [ 0965-9773 ] ; 1999.
Abstract
Abstract: The template synthesis and characterization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) formed in porous alumina membranes (PAM) by the thermal chemical vapor decomposition (CVD) of propylene (Pr) gas are described. We found that the graphitic character of CNTs improved as CVD temperature was increased from 500 to 800 °C. Samples showed progressive increases in metallic appearance and layered tube wall structure and decreases in electrical resistance. No further enhancement of graphitization was observed among samples formed at 800, 900 and 1000 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that long-range order was absent in all CNTs tested. Localized crystalline domains of graphitic carbon, however, were detected by Roman spectroscopy and seen in light and dark field transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. CNTs formed in the presence of catalytic Fe and Co particles at 600 and 700 °C with a Pr/N2 flow rate of 94 sccm (standard cubic centimeters per minute) showed slightly lower electrical resistance than CNTs formed in control experiments. The catalytic effects of Fe and Co were observed for samples made at 800 °C with a 50 sccm Pr/N2 flow rate as “nanotubes within nanotubes” were formed. No major differences were found between catalyst-containing and control samples formed at temperatures greater than or equal to 800 °C at 94 sccm.
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DOI: 10.1016/S0965-9773(99)00071-9
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Parilla</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schneider, J J" sort="Schneider, J J" uniqKey="Schneider J" first="J. J." last="Schneider">J. J. Schneider</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Czap, N" sort="Czap, N" uniqKey="Czap N" first="N." last="Czap">N. Czap</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, K M" sort="Jones, K M" uniqKey="Jones K" first="K. M." last="Jones">K. M. Jones</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fasoon, F S" sort="Fasoon, F S" uniqKey="Fasoon F" first="F. S." last="Fasoon">F. S. Fasoon</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mason, A" sort="Mason, A" uniqKey="Mason A" first="A." last="Mason">A. Mason</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heben, M J" sort="Heben, M J" uniqKey="Heben M" first="M. J." last="Heben">M. J. 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Hornyak</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dillon, A C" sort="Dillon, A C" uniqKey="Dillon A" first="A. C." last="Dillon">A. C. Dillon</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Parilla, P A" sort="Parilla, P A" uniqKey="Parilla P" first="P. A." last="Parilla">P. A. Parilla</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schneider, J J" sort="Schneider, J J" uniqKey="Schneider J" first="J. J." last="Schneider">J. J. Schneider</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Czap, N" sort="Czap, N" uniqKey="Czap N" first="N." last="Czap">N. Czap</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, K M" sort="Jones, K M" uniqKey="Jones K" first="K. M." last="Jones">K. M. Jones</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fasoon, F S" sort="Fasoon, F S" uniqKey="Fasoon F" first="F. S." last="Fasoon">F. S. 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Heben</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation>National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 USA</mods:affiliation></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Nanostructured Materials</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">NM</title><idno type="ISSN">0965-9773</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1999">1999</date><biblScope unit="volume">12</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1–4</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="83">83</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="88">88</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0965-9773</idno></series><idno type="istex">DFCCF840DD830F7B0FE1317D587FA0B9FBF5A8D1</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1016/S0965-9773(99)00071-9</idno><idno type="PII">S0965-9773(99)00071-9</idno><idno type="ArticleID">99000719</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0965-9773</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: The template synthesis and characterization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) formed in porous alumina membranes (PAM) by the thermal chemical vapor decomposition (CVD) of propylene (Pr) gas are described. We found that the graphitic character of CNTs improved as CVD temperature was increased from 500 to 800 °C. Samples showed progressive increases in metallic appearance and layered tube wall structure and decreases in electrical resistance. No further enhancement of graphitization was observed among samples formed at 800, 900 and 1000 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that long-range order was absent in all CNTs tested. Localized crystalline domains of graphitic carbon, however, were detected by Roman spectroscopy and seen in light and dark field transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. CNTs formed in the presence of catalytic Fe and Co particles at 600 and 700 °C with a Pr/N2 flow rate of 94 sccm (standard cubic centimeters per minute) showed slightly lower electrical resistance than CNTs formed in control experiments. The catalytic effects of Fe and Co were observed for samples made at 800 °C with a 50 sccm Pr/N2 flow rate as “nanotubes within nanotubes” were formed. 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Localized crystalline domains of graphitic carbon, however, were detected by Roman spectroscopy and seen in light and dark field transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. CNTs formed in the presence of catalytic Fe and Co particles at 600 and 700 °C with a Pr/N2 flow rate of 94 sccm (standard cubic centimeters per minute) showed slightly lower electrical resistance than CNTs formed in control experiments. The catalytic effects of Fe and Co were observed for samples made at 800 °C with a 50 sccm Pr/N2 flow rate as “nanotubes within nanotubes” were formed. 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We found that the graphitic character of CNTs improved as CVD temperature was increased from 500 to 800 °C. Samples showed progressive increases in metallic appearance and layered tube wall structure and decreases in electrical resistance. No further enhancement of graphitization was observed among samples formed at 800, 900 and 1000 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that long-range order was absent in all CNTs tested. Localized crystalline domains of graphitic carbon, however, were detected by Roman spectroscopy and seen in light and dark field transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. CNTs formed in the presence of catalytic Fe and Co particles at 600 and 700 °C with a Pr/N2 flow rate of 94 sccm (standard cubic centimeters per minute) showed slightly lower electrical resistance than CNTs formed in control experiments. The catalytic effects of Fe and Co were observed for samples made at 800 °C with a 50 sccm Pr/N2 flow rate as “nanotubes within nanotubes” were formed. 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We found that the graphitic character of CNTs improved as CVD temperature was increased from 500 to 800 °C. Samples showed progressive increases in metallic appearance and layered tube wall structure and decreases in electrical resistance. No further enhancement of graphitization was observed among samples formed at 800, 900 and 1000 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that long-range order was absent in all CNTs tested. Localized crystalline domains of graphitic carbon, however, were detected by Roman spectroscopy and seen in light and dark field transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. CNTs formed in the presence of catalytic Fe and Co particles at 600 and 700 °C with a Pr/N<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf> flow rate of 94 sccm (standard cubic centimeters per minute) showed slightly lower electrical resistance than CNTs formed in control experiments. The catalytic effects of Fe and Co were observed for samples made at 800 °C with a 50 sccm Pr/N<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf> flow rate as “nanotubes within nanotubes” were formed. No major differences were found between catalyst-containing and control samples formed at temperatures greater than or equal to 800 °C at 94 sccm.</ce:simple-para></ce:abstract-sec></ce:abstract></head><tail><ce:bibliography><ce:section-title>Reference</ce:section-title><ce:bibliography-sec><ce:bib-reference id="bib1"><ce:label>1.</ce:label><sb:reference><sb:contribution langtype="en"><sb:authors><sb:author><ce:surname>Dillon</ce:surname><ce:given-name>A.C.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Jones</ce:surname><ce:given-name>K.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Bekkedahl</ce:surname><ce:given-name>T.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Kiang</ce:surname><ce:given-name>C.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Bethune</ce:surname><ce:given-name>D.</ce:given-name></sb:author><sb:author><ce:surname>Heben</ce:surname><ce:given-name>M.</ce:given-name></sb:author></sb:authors></sb:contribution><sb:host><sb:issue><sb:series><sb:title><sb:maintitle>Nature</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>386</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1997</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>377</sb:first-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference><ce:bib-reference id="bib2"><ce:label>2.</ce:label><ce:other-ref><ce:textref>Dillon, A.C.;Heben, M.J. 1997, Unpub. 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Lett.</sb:maintitle></sb:title><sb:volume-nr>62</sb:volume-nr></sb:series><sb:date>1993</sb:date></sb:issue><sb:pages><sb:first-page>2322</sb:first-page></sb:pages></sb:host></sb:reference></ce:bib-reference></ce:bibliography-sec></ce:bibliography></tail></article></istex:document></istex:metadataXml><mods version="3.6"><titleInfo lang="en"><title>Template synthesis of carbon nanotubes</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="alternative" lang="en" contentType="CDATA"><title>Template synthesis of carbon nanotubes</title></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">G.L.</namePart><namePart type="family">Hornyak</namePart><affiliation>National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.C.</namePart><namePart type="family">Dillon</namePart><affiliation>National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">P.A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Parilla</namePart><affiliation>National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">J.J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Schneider</namePart><affiliation>Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">N.</namePart><namePart type="family">Czap</namePart><affiliation>Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">K.M.</namePart><namePart type="family">Jones</namePart><affiliation>National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">F.S.</namePart><namePart type="family">Fasoon</namePart><affiliation>National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">A.</namePart><namePart type="family">Mason</namePart><affiliation>National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><name type="personal"><namePart type="given">M.J.</namePart><namePart type="family">Heben</namePart><affiliation>National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd., Golden, Colorado 80401 USA</affiliation><role><roleTerm type="text">author</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre type="research-article" displayLabel="Full-length article"></genre><originInfo><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1999</dateIssued><copyrightDate encoding="w3cdtf">1999</copyrightDate></originInfo><language><languageTerm type="code" authority="iso639-2b">eng</languageTerm><languageTerm type="code" authority="rfc3066">en</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><internetMediaType>text/html</internetMediaType></physicalDescription><abstract lang="en">Abstract: The template synthesis and characterization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) formed in porous alumina membranes (PAM) by the thermal chemical vapor decomposition (CVD) of propylene (Pr) gas are described. We found that the graphitic character of CNTs improved as CVD temperature was increased from 500 to 800 °C. Samples showed progressive increases in metallic appearance and layered tube wall structure and decreases in electrical resistance. No further enhancement of graphitization was observed among samples formed at 800, 900 and 1000 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that long-range order was absent in all CNTs tested. Localized crystalline domains of graphitic carbon, however, were detected by Roman spectroscopy and seen in light and dark field transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. CNTs formed in the presence of catalytic Fe and Co particles at 600 and 700 °C with a Pr/N2 flow rate of 94 sccm (standard cubic centimeters per minute) showed slightly lower electrical resistance than CNTs formed in control experiments. The catalytic effects of Fe and Co were observed for samples made at 800 °C with a 50 sccm Pr/N2 flow rate as “nanotubes within nanotubes” were formed. No major differences were found between catalyst-containing and control samples formed at temperatures greater than or equal to 800 °C at 94 sccm.</abstract><relatedItem type="host"><titleInfo><title>Nanostructured Materials</title></titleInfo><titleInfo type="abbreviated"><title>NM</title></titleInfo><genre type="journal">journal</genre><originInfo><dateIssued encoding="w3cdtf">1999</dateIssued></originInfo><identifier type="ISSN">0965-9773</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0965-9773(00)X0064-5</identifier><part><date>1999</date><detail type="volume"><number>12</number><caption>vol.</caption></detail><detail type="issue"><number>1–4</number><caption>no.</caption></detail><extent unit="issue pages"><start>1</start><end>600</end></extent><extent unit="pages"><start>83</start><end>88</end></extent></part></relatedItem><identifier type="istex">DFCCF840DD830F7B0FE1317D587FA0B9FBF5A8D1</identifier><identifier type="DOI">10.1016/S0965-9773(99)00071-9</identifier><identifier type="PII">S0965-9773(99)00071-9</identifier><identifier type="ArticleID">99000719</identifier><accessCondition type="use and reproduction" contentType="copyright">©1999 Acta Metallurgica Inc.</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource>ELSEVIER</recordContentSource><recordOrigin>Acta Metallurgica Inc., ©1999</recordOrigin></recordInfo></mods></metadata><serie></serie></istex></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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