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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Balancing selection and heterogeneity across the classical human leukocyte antigen loci: a meta-analytic review of 497 population studies</title><author><name sortKey="Solberg, Owen D" sort="Solberg, Owen D" uniqKey="Solberg O" first="Owen D." last="Solberg">Owen D. Solberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 3060 Valley Life Sciences, Berkeley CA 94720, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mack, Steven J" sort="Mack, Steven J" uniqKey="Mack S" first="Steven J." last="Mack">Steven J. Mack</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Oakland CA 94609, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lancaster, Alex K" sort="Lancaster, Alex K" uniqKey="Lancaster A" first="Alex K." last="Lancaster">Alex K. Lancaster</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 3060 Valley Life Sciences, Berkeley CA 94720, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Single, Richard M" sort="Single, Richard M" uniqKey="Single R" first="Richard M." last="Single">Richard M. Single</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Vermont, Burlington VT 05405, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsai, Yingssu" sort="Tsai, Yingssu" uniqKey="Tsai Y" first="Yingssu" last="Tsai">Yingssu Tsai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 3060 Valley Life Sciences, Berkeley CA 94720, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sanchez Mazas, Alicia" sort="Sanchez Mazas, Alicia" uniqKey="Sanchez Mazas A" first="Alicia" last="Sanchez-Mazas">Alicia Sanchez-Mazas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Anthropology and Ecology, University of Geneva, 12 rue Gustave-Revilliod CH-1227, Geneva, Switzerland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomson, Glenys" sort="Thomson, Glenys" uniqKey="Thomson G" first="Glenys" last="Thomson">Glenys Thomson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 3060 Valley Life Sciences, Berkeley CA 94720, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">18638659</idno><idno type="pmc">2632948</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2632948</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:2632948</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.humimm.2008.05.001</idno><date when="2008">2008</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000049</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000049</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Balancing selection and heterogeneity across the classical human leukocyte antigen loci: a meta-analytic review of 497 population studies</title><author><name sortKey="Solberg, Owen D" sort="Solberg, Owen D" uniqKey="Solberg O" first="Owen D." last="Solberg">Owen D. Solberg</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 3060 Valley Life Sciences, Berkeley CA 94720, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mack, Steven J" sort="Mack, Steven J" uniqKey="Mack S" first="Steven J." last="Mack">Steven J. Mack</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A2">Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Oakland CA 94609, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lancaster, Alex K" sort="Lancaster, Alex K" uniqKey="Lancaster A" first="Alex K." last="Lancaster">Alex K. Lancaster</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 3060 Valley Life Sciences, Berkeley CA 94720, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Single, Richard M" sort="Single, Richard M" uniqKey="Single R" first="Richard M." last="Single">Richard M. Single</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A3">Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Vermont, Burlington VT 05405, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tsai, Yingssu" sort="Tsai, Yingssu" uniqKey="Tsai Y" first="Yingssu" last="Tsai">Yingssu Tsai</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 3060 Valley Life Sciences, Berkeley CA 94720, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sanchez Mazas, Alicia" sort="Sanchez Mazas, Alicia" uniqKey="Sanchez Mazas A" first="Alicia" last="Sanchez-Mazas">Alicia Sanchez-Mazas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A4">Department of Anthropology and Ecology, University of Geneva, 12 rue Gustave-Revilliod CH-1227, Geneva, Switzerland.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomson, Glenys" sort="Thomson, Glenys" uniqKey="Thomson G" first="Glenys" last="Thomson">Glenys Thomson</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="A1">Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 3060 Valley Life Sciences, Berkeley CA 94720, USA.</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Human immunology</title><idno type="ISSN">0198-8859</idno><imprint><date when="2008">2008</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p id="P3">This paper presents a meta-analysis of high-resolution human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele frequency data describing 497 population samples. Most of the datasets were compiled from studies published in eight journals from 1990 to 2007; additional datasets came from the International Histocompatibility Workshops and from the AlleleFrequencies.net database. In all, these data represent approximately 66,800 individuals from throughout the world, providing an opportunity to observe trends that may not have been evident at the time the data were originally analyzed, especially with regard to the relative importance of balancing selection among the HLA loci. Population genetic measures of allele frequency distributions were summarized across populations by locus and geographic region. A role for balancing selection maintaining much of HLA variation was confirmed. Further, the breadth of this meta-analysis allowed the ranking of the HLA loci, with DQA1 and HLA-C showing strongest balancing selection and DPB1 being compatible with neutrality. Comparisons of the allelic spectra reported by studies since 1990 suggest that most of the HLA alleles identified since 2000 are very-low-frequency alleles. The literature-based allele-count data, as well as maps summarizing the geographic distributions for each allele, are available online.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article" xml:lang="EN"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<pmc-dir>properties manuscript</pmc-dir>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-journal-id">8010936</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="pubmed-jr-id">4052</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Hum Immunol</journal-id><journal-title>Human immunology</journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">0198-8859</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">18638659</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">2632948</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="manuscript">NIHMS61444</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.humimm.2008.05.001</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Balancing selection and heterogeneity across the classical human leukocyte antigen loci: a meta-analytic review of 497 population studies</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Solberg</surname><given-names>Owen D.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Mack</surname><given-names>Steven J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A2">2</xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Lancaster</surname><given-names>Alex K.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1">#</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Single</surname><given-names>Richard M.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A3">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Tsai</surname><given-names>Yingssu</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref><xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN2">+</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Sanchez-Mazas</surname><given-names>Alicia</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4">4</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Thomson</surname><given-names>Glenys</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1">1</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="A1"><label>1</label>Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 3060 Valley Life Sciences, Berkeley CA 94720, USA.</aff><aff id="A2"><label>2</label>Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Oakland CA 94609, USA.</aff><aff id="A3"><label>3</label>Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Vermont, Burlington VT 05405, USA.</aff><aff id="A4"><label>4</label>Department of Anthropology and Ecology, University of Geneva, 12 rue Gustave-Revilliod CH-1227, Geneva, Switzerland.</aff><author-notes><corresp id="cor1"><label>*</label>Corresponding author: <email>sjmack@chori.org</email>, fax: 510-450-7910, tel: 510-597-7145</corresp><fn id="FN1" fn-type="present-address"><label>#</label><p id="P1">Current address: Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, 1041 E. Lowell St., Tucson AZ 85721, USA.</p></fn><fn id="FN2" fn-type="present-address"><label>+</label><p id="P2">Current address: Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Box 951570, Los Angeles CA 90095, USA.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="nihms-submitted"><day>6</day><month>8</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>9</day><month>6</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>7</month><year>2008</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="pmc-release"><day>1</day><month>7</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>443</fpage><lpage>464</lpage><abstract><p id="P3">This paper presents a meta-analysis of high-resolution human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele frequency data describing 497 population samples. Most of the datasets were compiled from studies published in eight journals from 1990 to 2007; additional datasets came from the International Histocompatibility Workshops and from the AlleleFrequencies.net database. In all, these data represent approximately 66,800 individuals from throughout the world, providing an opportunity to observe trends that may not have been evident at the time the data were originally analyzed, especially with regard to the relative importance of balancing selection among the HLA loci. Population genetic measures of allele frequency distributions were summarized across populations by locus and geographic region. A role for balancing selection maintaining much of HLA variation was confirmed. Further, the breadth of this meta-analysis allowed the ranking of the HLA loci, with DQA1 and HLA-C showing strongest balancing selection and DPB1 being compatible with neutrality. Comparisons of the allelic spectra reported by studies since 1990 suggest that most of the HLA alleles identified since 2000 are very-low-frequency alleles. The literature-based allele-count data, as well as maps summarizing the geographic distributions for each allele, are available online.</p></abstract><contract-num rid="GM1">R01 GM040282-20</contract-num><contract-num rid="GM1">R01 GM035326-16</contract-num><contract-sponsor id="GM1">National Institute of General Medical Sciences : NIGMS</contract-sponsor></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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