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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">High-Resolution Analysis of Human Y-Chromosome Variation Shows a Sharp Discontinuity and Limited Gene Flow between Northwestern Africa and the Iberian Peninsula</title><author><name sortKey="Bosch, Elena" sort="Bosch, Elena" uniqKey="Bosch E" first="Elena" last="Bosch">Elena Bosch</name><affiliation><nlm:aff>NONE</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Calafell, Francesc" sort="Calafell, Francesc" uniqKey="Calafell F" first="Francesc" last="Calafell">Francesc Calafell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70">Unitat de Biologia Evolutiva, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut i de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Comas, David" sort="Comas, David" uniqKey="Comas D" first="David" last="Comas">David Comas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70">Unitat de Biologia Evolutiva, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut i de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oefner, Peter J" sort="Oefner, Peter J" uniqKey="Oefner P" first="Peter J." last="Oefner">Peter J. Oefner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70">Stanford DNA Sequencing and Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Underhill, Peter A" sort="Underhill, Peter A" uniqKey="Underhill P" first="Peter A." last="Underhill">Peter A. Underhill</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70">Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bertranpetit, Jaume" sort="Bertranpetit, Jaume" uniqKey="Bertranpetit J" first="Jaume" last="Bertranpetit">Jaume Bertranpetit</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70">Unitat de Biologia Evolutiva, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut i de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">11254456</idno><idno type="pmc">1275654</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1275654</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:1275654</idno><date when="2001">2001</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000005</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000005</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">High-Resolution Analysis of Human Y-Chromosome Variation Shows a Sharp Discontinuity and Limited Gene Flow between Northwestern Africa and the Iberian Peninsula</title><author><name sortKey="Bosch, Elena" sort="Bosch, Elena" uniqKey="Bosch E" first="Elena" last="Bosch">Elena Bosch</name><affiliation><nlm:aff>NONE</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Calafell, Francesc" sort="Calafell, Francesc" uniqKey="Calafell F" first="Francesc" last="Calafell">Francesc Calafell</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70">Unitat de Biologia Evolutiva, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut i de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Comas, David" sort="Comas, David" uniqKey="Comas D" first="David" last="Comas">David Comas</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70">Unitat de Biologia Evolutiva, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut i de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oefner, Peter J" sort="Oefner, Peter J" uniqKey="Oefner P" first="Peter J." last="Oefner">Peter J. Oefner</name><affiliation><nlm:aff wicri:cut="; and" id="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70">Stanford DNA Sequencing and Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Underhill, Peter A" sort="Underhill, Peter A" uniqKey="Underhill P" first="Peter A." last="Underhill">Peter A. Underhill</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70">Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bertranpetit, Jaume" sort="Bertranpetit, Jaume" uniqKey="Bertranpetit J" first="Jaume" last="Bertranpetit">Jaume Bertranpetit</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70">Unitat de Biologia Evolutiva, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut i de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona;</nlm:aff></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">American Journal of Human Genetics</title><idno type="ISSN">0002-9297</idno><idno type="eISSN">1537-6605</idno><imprint><date when="2001">2001</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>In the present study we have analyzed 44 Y-chromosome biallelic polymorphisms in population samples from northwestern (NW) Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, which allowed us to place each chromosome unequivocally in a phylogenetic tree based on >150 polymorphisms. The most striking results are that contemporary NW African and Iberian populations were found to have originated from distinctly different patrilineages and that the Strait of Gibraltar seems to have acted as a strong (although not complete) barrier to gene flow. In NW African populations, an Upper Paleolithic colonization that probably had its origin in eastern Africa contributed 75% of the current gene pool. In comparison, ∼78% of contemporary Iberian Y chromosomes originated in an Upper Paleolithic expansion from western Asia, along the northern rim of the Mediterranean basin. Smaller contributions to these gene pools (constituting 13% of Y chromosomes in NW Africa and 10% of Y chromosomes in Iberia) came from the Middle East during the Neolithic and, during subsequent gene flow, from Sub-Saharan to NW Africa. Finally, bidirectional gene flow across the Strait of Gibraltar has been detected: the genetic contribution of European Y chromosomes to the NW African gene pool is estimated at 4%, and NW African populations may have contributed 7% of Iberian Y chromosomes. The Islamic rule of Spain, which began in <sc>a.d.</sc> 711 and lasted almost 8 centuries, left only a minor contribution to the current Iberian Y-chromosome pool. The high-resolution analysis of the Y chromosome allows us to separate successive migratory components and to precisely quantify each historical layer.</p></div></front></TEI><pmc article-type="research-article"><pmc-comment>The publisher of this article does not allow downloading of the full text in XML form.</pmc-comment>
<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Am J Hum Genet</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">AJHG</journal-id><journal-title>American Journal of Human Genetics</journal-title><issn pub-type="ppub">0002-9297</issn><issn pub-type="epub">1537-6605</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The American Society of Human Genetics</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">11254456</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">1275654</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">002582</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>High-Resolution Analysis of Human Y-Chromosome Variation Shows a Sharp Discontinuity and Limited Gene Flow between Northwestern Africa and the Iberian Peninsula</article-title><alt-title>NW African and Iberian Y Discontinuity</alt-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bosch</surname><given-names>Elena</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70">1,</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">*</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Calafell</surname><given-names>Francesc</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Comas</surname><given-names>David</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70">1</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Oefner</surname><given-names>Peter J.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70">2</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Underhill</surname><given-names>Peter A.</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70">3</xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Bertranpetit</surname><given-names>Jaume</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70">1</xref></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="N0x8d06ed0.0x9282b70"><sup>1</sup>Unitat de Biologia Evolutiva, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut i de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona;<sup>2</sup>Stanford DNA Sequencing and Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA; and<sup>3</sup>Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA</aff><author-notes><corresp>Address for correspondence and reprints: Dr. Jaume Bertranpetit, Unitat de Biologia Evolutiva, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut i de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Doctor Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. E-mail: <email>jaume.bertranpetit@cexs.upf.es</email></corresp><fn id="FN1"><label>*</label><p>Present affiliation: Department of Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.</p></fn></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="ppub"><month>4</month><year>2001</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>3</month><year>2001</year></pub-date><volume>68</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>1019</fpage><lpage>1029</lpage><history><date date-type="received"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2000</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>14</day><month>2</month><year>2001</year></date></history><copyright-statement>© 2001 by The American Society of Human Genetics. All rights reserved.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2001</copyright-year><self-uri>11254456</self-uri><abstract><p>In the present study we have analyzed 44 Y-chromosome biallelic polymorphisms in population samples from northwestern (NW) Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, which allowed us to place each chromosome unequivocally in a phylogenetic tree based on >150 polymorphisms. The most striking results are that contemporary NW African and Iberian populations were found to have originated from distinctly different patrilineages and that the Strait of Gibraltar seems to have acted as a strong (although not complete) barrier to gene flow. In NW African populations, an Upper Paleolithic colonization that probably had its origin in eastern Africa contributed 75% of the current gene pool. In comparison, ∼78% of contemporary Iberian Y chromosomes originated in an Upper Paleolithic expansion from western Asia, along the northern rim of the Mediterranean basin. Smaller contributions to these gene pools (constituting 13% of Y chromosomes in NW Africa and 10% of Y chromosomes in Iberia) came from the Middle East during the Neolithic and, during subsequent gene flow, from Sub-Saharan to NW Africa. Finally, bidirectional gene flow across the Strait of Gibraltar has been detected: the genetic contribution of European Y chromosomes to the NW African gene pool is estimated at 4%, and NW African populations may have contributed 7% of Iberian Y chromosomes. The Islamic rule of Spain, which began in <sc>a.d.</sc> 711 and lasted almost 8 centuries, left only a minor contribution to the current Iberian Y-chromosome pool. The high-resolution analysis of the Y chromosome allows us to separate successive migratory components and to precisely quantify each historical layer.</p></abstract></article-meta></front></pmc></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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