Folkbotanical classification: morphological, ecological and utilitarian characterization of plants in the Napf region, Switzerland
Identifieur interne : 000038 ( Pmc/Checkpoint ); précédent : 000037; suivant : 000039Folkbotanical classification: morphological, ecological and utilitarian characterization of plants in the Napf region, Switzerland
Auteurs : Anna Poncet [Autriche] ; Christian R. Vogl [Autriche] ; Caroline S. Weckerle [Suisse]Source :
- Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine [ 1746-4269 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Discussions surrounding ethnobiological classification have been broad and diverse. One of the recurring questions is whether classification is mainly based on the “inherent structure of biological reality” or on cultural, especially utilitarian needs. So far, studies about ethnobotanical classification have mainly been done in indigenous societies. Comparable data from industrialized countries are scarce. In this paper, folkbotanical classification data from the Napf region in central Switzerland is analysed and cross-culturally compared.
Structured and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 60 adults and children chosen by random sampling. Descriptive statistics, t-tests and cultural domain analysis were used to analyze the data.
Close to 500 folk taxa have been documented during field work. As life-form taxa appeared tree, bush, grass, herb, flower, and mushroom. Intermediate taxa mentioned regularly were sub-categories of the life form tree and bush, i.e. conifer, deciduous tree, fruit tree, stone fruits, pomaceous fruits, and berry bush. The rank of the folk generic was by far the largest with 316 taxa (85.4% monotypical). The specific rank contained 145 taxa, the varietal 14 taxa. The 475 generic, specific and varietal folk taxa could be assigned to 298 wild growing plant species, which make up 28.13% of the local flora, and to 213 cultivated plant species, subspecies and cultivars.
Morphology, mainly life-form, fruits, leaves, and flowers, was the most important criterion for classifying plants. Other important criteria were their use (mainly edibility) and habitat (mainly meadow, forest and garden). The three criteria emerged spontaneously out of open questioning.
The classification system of the Napf region is comparable to classification systems of indigenous societies, both in its shallow hierarchical structure and in the amount of recognized taxa.
The classification of plants was mainly guided by morphology, habitat and use. The three aspects seem to be mutually linked for certain plant groups, which results in always the same groups, independent from the different sorting criteria. Sensory perception allows for a broader explanation of the known coincidence of morphology and use groups.
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DOI: 10.1186/1746-4269-11-13
PubMed: 25971246
PubMed Central: 4429483
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Vogl</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff22">Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 33, A-1180 Vienna, Austria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 33, A-1180 Vienna</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>A-1180 Vienna</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weckerle, Caroline S" sort="Weckerle, Caroline S" uniqKey="Weckerle C" first="Caroline S" last="Weckerle">Caroline S. Weckerle</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="Aff23">Institute of Systematic Botany, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, Zürich, CH-8008 Switzerland</nlm:aff><orgName type="university">Université de Zurich</orgName><country>Suisse</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Zurich</settlement><region nuts="3" type="region">Canton de Zurich</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">25971246</idno><idno type="pmc">4429483</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4429483</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4429483</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/1746-4269-11-13</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000060</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000060</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000059</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000059</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000038</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000038</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Folkbotanical classification: morphological, ecological and utilitarian characterization of plants in the Napf region, Switzerland</title><author><name sortKey="Poncet, Anna" sort="Poncet, Anna" uniqKey="Poncet A" first="Anna" last="Poncet">Anna Poncet</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff22">Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 33, A-1180 Vienna, Austria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 33, A-1180 Vienna</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>A-1180 Vienna</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Vogl, Christian R" sort="Vogl, Christian R" uniqKey="Vogl C" first="Christian R" last="Vogl">Christian R. Vogl</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff22">Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 33, A-1180 Vienna, Austria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Autriche</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 33, A-1180 Vienna</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>A-1180 Vienna</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weckerle, Caroline S" sort="Weckerle, Caroline S" uniqKey="Weckerle C" first="Caroline S" last="Weckerle">Caroline S. Weckerle</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="Aff23">Institute of Systematic Botany, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, Zürich, CH-8008 Switzerland</nlm:aff><orgName type="university">Université de Zurich</orgName><country>Suisse</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Zurich</settlement><region nuts="3" type="region">Canton de Zurich</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine</title><idno type="eISSN">1746-4269</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Discussions surrounding ethnobiological classification have been broad and diverse. One of the recurring questions is whether classification is mainly based on the “inherent structure of biological reality” or on cultural, especially utilitarian needs. So far, studies about ethnobotanical classification have mainly been done in indigenous societies. Comparable data from industrialized countries are scarce. In this paper, folkbotanical classification data from the Napf region in central Switzerland is analysed and cross-culturally compared.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Structured and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 60 adults and children chosen by random sampling. Descriptive statistics, t-tests and cultural domain analysis were used to analyze the data.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Close to 500 folk taxa have been documented during field work. As life-form taxa appeared tree, bush, grass, herb, flower, and mushroom. Intermediate taxa mentioned regularly were sub-categories of the life form tree and bush, i.e. conifer, deciduous tree, fruit tree, stone fruits, pomaceous fruits, and berry bush. The rank of the folk generic was by far the largest with 316 taxa (85.4% monotypical). The specific rank contained 145 taxa, the varietal 14 taxa. The 475 generic, specific and varietal folk taxa could be assigned to 298 wild growing plant species, which make up 28.13% of the local flora, and to 213 cultivated plant species, subspecies and cultivars.</p><p>Morphology, mainly life-form, fruits, leaves, and flowers, was the most important criterion for classifying plants. Other important criteria were their use (mainly edibility) and habitat (mainly meadow, forest and garden). The three criteria emerged spontaneously out of open questioning.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>The classification system of the Napf region is comparable to classification systems of indigenous societies, both in its shallow hierarchical structure and in the amount of recognized taxa.</p><p>The classification of plants was mainly guided by morphology, habitat and use. The three aspects seem to be mutually linked for certain plant groups, which results in always the same groups, independent from the different sorting criteria. Sensory perception allows for a broader explanation of the known coincidence of morphology and use groups.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Berlin, B" uniqKey="Berlin B">B Berlin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ellen, R" uniqKey="Ellen R">R Ellen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Atran, S" uniqKey="Atran S">S Atran</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Atran, S" uniqKey="Atran S">S Atran</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ross, N" uniqKey="Ross N">N Ross</name></author><author><name sortKey="Revilla Minaya, C" uniqKey="Revilla Minaya C">C Revilla-Minaya</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hunn, Es" uniqKey="Hunn E">ES Hunn</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brown, 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<front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">J Ethnobiol Ethnomed</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="iso-abbrev">J Ethnobiol Ethnomed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">1746-4269</issn><publisher><publisher-name>BioMed Central</publisher-name><publisher-loc>London</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="pmid">25971246</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="pmc">4429483</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">477</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/1746-4269-11-13</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Folkbotanical classification: morphological, ecological and utilitarian characterization of plants in the Napf region, Switzerland</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Poncet</surname><given-names>Anna</given-names></name><address><email>anna.poncet@boku.ac.at</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff22"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Vogl</surname><given-names>Christian R</given-names></name><address><email>christian.vogl@boku.ac.at</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff22"></xref></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name><surname>Weckerle</surname><given-names>Caroline S</given-names></name><address><email>caroline.weckerle@systbot.uzh.ch</email></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff23"></xref></contrib><aff id="Aff22"><label></label>Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, (BOKU), Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 33, A-1180 Vienna, Austria</aff><aff id="Aff23"><label></label>Institute of Systematic Botany, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, Zürich, CH-8008 Switzerland</aff></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>3</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><elocation-id>13</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>22</day><month>5</month><year>2014</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>31</day><month>12</month><year>2014</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>© Poncet et al.; licensee BioMed Central. 2015</copyright-statement><license license-type="open-access"><license-p>This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ext-link>), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/</ext-link>) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.</license-p></license></permissions><abstract id="Abs1"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Discussions surrounding ethnobiological classification have been broad and diverse. One of the recurring questions is whether classification is mainly based on the “inherent structure of biological reality” or on cultural, especially utilitarian needs. So far, studies about ethnobotanical classification have mainly been done in indigenous societies. Comparable data from industrialized countries are scarce. In this paper, folkbotanical classification data from the Napf region in central Switzerland is analysed and cross-culturally compared.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Structured and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 60 adults and children chosen by random sampling. Descriptive statistics, t-tests and cultural domain analysis were used to analyze the data.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Close to 500 folk taxa have been documented during field work. As life-form taxa appeared tree, bush, grass, herb, flower, and mushroom. Intermediate taxa mentioned regularly were sub-categories of the life form tree and bush, i.e. conifer, deciduous tree, fruit tree, stone fruits, pomaceous fruits, and berry bush. The rank of the folk generic was by far the largest with 316 taxa (85.4% monotypical). The specific rank contained 145 taxa, the varietal 14 taxa. The 475 generic, specific and varietal folk taxa could be assigned to 298 wild growing plant species, which make up 28.13% of the local flora, and to 213 cultivated plant species, subspecies and cultivars.</p><p>Morphology, mainly life-form, fruits, leaves, and flowers, was the most important criterion for classifying plants. Other important criteria were their use (mainly edibility) and habitat (mainly meadow, forest and garden). The three criteria emerged spontaneously out of open questioning.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>The classification system of the Napf region is comparable to classification systems of indigenous societies, both in its shallow hierarchical structure and in the amount of recognized taxa.</p><p>The classification of plants was mainly guided by morphology, habitat and use. The three aspects seem to be mutually linked for certain plant groups, which results in always the same groups, independent from the different sorting criteria. Sensory perception allows for a broader explanation of the known coincidence of morphology and use groups.</p></sec></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><title>Keywords</title><kwd>Ethnobotany</kwd><kwd>Ethnobotanical classification</kwd><kwd>Local plant knowledge</kwd><kwd>Switzerland</kwd></kwd-group><custom-meta-group><custom-meta><meta-name>issue-copyright-statement</meta-name><meta-value>© The Author(s) 2015</meta-value></custom-meta></custom-meta-group></article-meta></front></pmc><affiliations><list><country><li>Autriche</li><li>Suisse</li></country><region><li>Canton de Zurich</li></region><settlement><li>Zurich</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Zurich</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Autriche"><noRegion><name sortKey="Poncet, Anna" sort="Poncet, Anna" uniqKey="Poncet A" first="Anna" last="Poncet">Anna Poncet</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Vogl, Christian R" sort="Vogl, Christian R" uniqKey="Vogl C" first="Christian R" last="Vogl">Christian R. Vogl</name></country><country name="Suisse"><region name="Canton de Zurich"><name sortKey="Weckerle, Caroline S" sort="Weckerle, Caroline S" uniqKey="Weckerle C" first="Caroline S" last="Weckerle">Caroline S. Weckerle</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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